Mining University Leoben

Health Safety Environment (550.016)

Thomas Sprker
October 2015

Topics Outline and content

Examples - reference to literature

1.

Borehole Mining Standards - overview

Systematics of the Legal System

Federal legislation

ordinary law, regulations

examples linked to the areas of mining, occupational health, environmental protection
mineral law (as far as relevant to the area of borehole mining activities)
(definitions, scope, basic safety precautions of the mining rights holder, mining
installations, persons in charge)

Technical standards

International, regional, national, sectorial standards

ISO, CEN, ON, API, NACE, VGW
general rules of technology, state of the art, state of the science
best available technology

Access to legal and technical standards

European regulations
Regulations
Directive

page 1

rules to place a product on the European market vs. safety regulations

new approach global approach
scope (products, risks)
placing a product on the market, putting a product into service
essential requirements
harmonized standards
presumption of conformity, conformity assessment
declaration of conformity, CE-signing

2.

Mining Law Provisions

Borehole Mining Order BB-V

Ordinance regarding measures to be taken during borehole mining

General Provisions

objectives, substantive scope of application, definitions

recurrent inspection of mining installations, admittance to mining plants, maintain
written records
reference to literature
o Borehole Mining Order - BB-V, original version BGBl. II Nr. 367/2005
o Mineral Law MinroG, original version BGBl. I Nr. 38/1999 (www.ris.bka.gv.at)

Explosion Protection

general provisions
technical or organizational measures
explosive atmospheres - explosion risk areas
lower explosive limit and upper explosive limit, hazardous quantity
primary secondary and tertiary level of explosion protection
identification and assessment of explosion hazards
zoning for hazardous explosion risk areas, practical examples
equipment group and equipment category, temperature class, explosion group
explosion protection document, explosion zone map
conduct in explosion risk areas
reference to literature
o Wirtschaftsverband Erdl- und Erdgasgewinnung e.V., W.E.G.-Empfehlungen fr die
Festlegung von explosionsgefhrdeten Bereichen, April 2000, (recommendations on
specifying explosion risk areas) (www.erdoel-erdgas.de)
o Wirtschaftsverband Erdl- und Erdgasgewinnung e.V., WEG-Beispielsammlung nicht
elektrischer Ex-Schutz, November 2004, (collection of examples within non electrical
explosion protection)
o API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical
Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2
(www.api.org)
o Mining order electrical engineering - BPV-ET, BGBl. II Nr. 737/1996
o Explosion Protection Regulation 1996 - ExSV 1996, BGBl. II Nr. 252/1996
o Regulation explosive atmospheres - VexAt, BGBl. II Nr. 309/2004
o ON EN 1127-1, Explosive atmospheres Explosion prevention and protection Part 1:
Basic concepts and methodology (www.on-norm.at)
o VE EN 60079-10, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 10:
Classification of hazardous areas
o VE EN 60079-14, Explosive atmospheres Part 14: Electrical installations design,
selection and erection
o VE EN 60079-17, Explosive atmospheres Part 17: Electrical installations inspection
and maintenance (www.on-norm.at)
o Berufsgenossenschaft, Fachausschuss Chemie der BGZ, BGR 104 ExplosionsschutzRegeln, 2007 (blaue Beispielsammlung) (BGR 104 Explosion protection rules (blue
collections of examples), (www.bg-metall.de)
o Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Explosionsschutz - Grundstze
Mindestvorschriften, Zonen, (explosion protection - Principles, minimum requirements,
zones, (www.suva.ch)

page 2

Fire Protection

general provisions
technical or organizational measures
fire protection code, fire protection plan
fire risk areas, firebreaks
conduct in fire risk areas and firebreaks
firefighting, initial and subsequent firefighting, company's own fire brigades
fire prevention officer
reference to literature
o ON F 1000 part 1 to 3 - Fire service equipment and fire protection General terminology
o Technical Guidelines fire prevention - TRVB (www.bundesfeuerwehrverband.at)
o Guidelines of the Federal Fire Brigade Association - BFV-RL,
(www.bundesfeuerwehrverband.at)

Protection from health endangering and irrespirable atmospheres

general provisions
health endangering and irrespirable atmospheres
technical or organizational measures
gas protection document, gas protection map
gas protection drill, gas protection team
reference to literature
o central office for Mines Rescue and Gas defence, basic principles gas defence, 2007
(www.hauptstelle.at)
o Wirtschaftsverband Erdl- und Erdgasgewinnung e.V., WEG - leaflet hydrogen sulphide,
2007 (www.erdoel-erdgas.de)

Safety distances

basic conception
safety distances boreholes, mining installations
increased safety distances
alarming safety strips

Working on boreholes - drilling, workover

identification of wells
casing, cementing
o CEN ISO/TR 10400:2011 Petroleum and natural gas industries - Equations and
calculations for the properties of casing, tubing, drill pipe and line pipe used as casing or
tubing

blow-out preventers, kill line and pressure relief equipment

circulation fluids, flare system
precautions against blow-outs, instructions to employees
monitoring of the well path
compulsory attendance
well integrity management, well barrier concept
reference to literature
o regulation concerning persons in charge -VPB-V, BGBl. II Nr. 304/2011
o Wirtschaftsverband Erdl- und Erdgasgewinnung e.V. , W.E.G.-Empfehlungen
Bohrlochkontrolle, February 2002 (recommendations well control) (www.erdoelerdgas.de)
o Blowout Prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells, API Standard 53, 2012,
(www.api.org)
o ON EN ISO 13534, Petroleum and natural gas industries -- Drilling and production
equipment -- Inspection, maintenance, repair and remanufacture of hoisting equipment

page 3

o ON EN ISO 13535, Petroleum and natural gas industries -- Drilling and production
equipment -- Hoisting equipment
o Canadian Association of oil well drilling contractors, Inspection and certification of masts,
substructures, overhead equipment and blowout preventer(drilling and service rigs)
(www.caodc.ca)

Well tests
general provisions
test equipment, venting and flaring

Production and storage

identification of completed wells

general requirements for completed wells
wellhead, shut-off devices
additional requirements for wells where media containing CO2 or H2S occur
storage of natural gas
requirements for the injection of media into wells
recurrent inspections
well record
continuously manned control station, tele-monitoring
reservoir protection
reference to literature
o ON EN ISO 10423, Petroleum and natural gas industries - Drilling and production
equipment - Wellhead and Christmas tree equipment (www.on-norm.at)
o ON EN ISO 10432, Petroleum and natural gas industries - Downhole equipment Subsurface safety valve equipment
o ON EN ISO 15156-1, Petroleum and natural gas industries -- Materials for use in H2Scontaining environments in oil and gas production -- Part 1: General principles for
selection of cracking-resistant materials
o ON EN ISO 15156-2, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Materials for
use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production - Part 2: Cracking-resistant
carbon and low alloy steels, and the use of cast irons
o ON EN ISO 15156-3, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Materials for
use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production - Part 3: Cracking-resistant
CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys
o ON G 1027, Signing for safety for mining
o ON G 1044, Terms used in the petroleum industry
o regulation concerning mine survey, BGBl. II Nr. 69/2001 (www.ris.bka.gv.at)

Shutting in and plugging of wells

shutting in of temporary inactive wells

plug and abandonment of wells
required information and documents
examples for duly abandonment
reference to literature
o Richtlinien ber das Verfllen auflssiger Bohrungen, LB Clausthal-Zellerfeld, 1998
(guidelines for well abandonment)
o Well abandonment and inactive well practices for U.S. Exploration and production
operations API Bulletin E3, 1993, (www.api.org)
o Well abandonment Guide, 2003, Alberta Energy and Utility Board (www.eub.gov.ab.ca)
o Suspension guidelines for inactive wells, 2003, Alberta Energy and Utility Board
(www.eub.gov.ab.ca)

page 4

Pipelines

systematic
general requirements
pipeline laying
supplementary requirements for high risk pipelines
pipeline routing, right-of-way strips
recurrent inspections, scope and range, qualifications
pipeline record
extract from technical standards in the fields of
o design and construction
o appropriate determination of pipeline routing, right-of-way strips, safety distances
o possible impacts on transport pipelines
o active and passive corrosion protection
o monitoring of pipelines (visual inspection, functional testing)
o periodic inspection, pressure- and leak test
o security concept, emergency planning
reference to literature
o ON EN 1594 - Gas infrastructure Pipelines for maximum operating pressure over 16
bar Functional requirements
o ON B 2523 - Molchschleusen (pig gate)
o ON EN 13480 - Metallic industrial piping
o ON EN 14161 - Petroleum and natural gas industries - Pipeline transportation systems
o ON Z 1001, Identification code for the marking of pipe lines according to their content
o VGW G 153/1 - Construction of gas mains from steel tubes - Guideline for laying and
testing of gas mains from steel tubes for operating pressures <= 16 bar
o VGW G 153/2 - Construction of gas mains from steel tubes - Guideline for laying and
testing of gas mains from steel tubes for operating pressures > 16 bar
o VGW G 59/2 - Surveillance of natural gas mains > 5 bar
o VGW G 65 - Safety concept with safety report and emergency design for natural gas
mains

Final provisions

mining authority
exemptions
transitional provisions

Ordinance concerning safety distances

basic concept
safety distances for installations used in hydrocarbon mining
safety distances from facilities used for like activities
increases in safety distances
exemptions
reference to literature
o Ordinance concerning safety distances from installations used for hydrocarbon mining
and like activities, BGBl. II Nr. 367/2005 (www.ris.bka.gv.at)

page 5

3.

Occupational safety and health

Health and Safety at Work Act

systematic
distinction Mining Act - Health and Safety at Work
technical and occupational health regulations - protection regulations

General requirements

obligations of employers
identification and evaluation of risks
principles of risk prevention
coordination
o bridging document
safety instructions
o information, safety alerts
o instruction, safety-meetings - Toolbox-Meetings
o operating instruction
obligations of employees
accident at work
o accident statistics, accident ratios
accident rate, severity of accidents, lost time
international key indicators (LTI, TRC, ,,,)
o unsafe work
importance of near misses
iceberg model, accident pyramid
o accident investigation, accident analysis
audits & checklists
key performance Indicators
FMEA - Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
fault tree analysis
event tree analysis
Tripod-analysis

Design of workplaces and building sites

paths, roads, infrastructure, escape routes

fall protection systems
exits, staircases
alarm devices
fundamental requirements working areas
social facilities, sanitation
first aid, first aiders
fire protection officers, fire prevention groups
initial and subsequent firefighting, fire risk areas
fire brigades
preventive and defensive fire control, increased fire protection

Work equipment

page 6

definition of work equipment

requirements, installation, use of work equipment
testing of work equipment (acceptance tests, recurrent inspections, tests after unusual
events)

audit plan
working on drilling rigs

Agents at work

definition dangerous agents

o dangerous agents in the oil & gas business
risk prevention measures
limit values
o maximum concentrations value (MAC)
o technical reference concentration value (TRC)
hydrogen sulphide H2S
o definitions, properties, health hazard
o risks, occurrence
o protection measures
o rescue operations, first aid

Health surveillance

suitability tests (before starting work), follow-up tests

occupational health test of the hearing

Work processes, Workplaces

set up and design of work processes, workplaces

specialist skills, special supervision
effects and stress factors
noise
o measures to reduce and eliminate noise
o definitions, special features
o trigger value, exposure limit
o technical or organizational noise protection measures
personal protective equipment (PPE)
o selection and requirement
o collective and individual protection, TOP-principle
o principles, obligations of the employer and employee
o fall protection
o respiratory protection
depending on ambient air (filter apparatus)
independently on ambient air (breathing apparatus)
o eye protection, face protection, ear protection
o protective clothing (finger, hand, skin, head, foot protection)

Safety support and occupational health care

safety representatives
safety experts
occupational health physicians

Reference to literature
o Health and Safety at Work Act ASchG, BGBl. Nr. 450/1994 (www.ris.bka.gv.at)
o Ordinance concerning drilling operations, BohrarbV, BGBl. II Nr. 140/2005
o Ordinance concerning explosive atmospheres VexAt, BGBl. II Nr. 309/2004

page 7

Ordinance concerning drilling operations

4.

systematics, scope
hazard identification and risk assessment
written instruction, work permit
inspections of drilling and work over rigs, audit plan
maintenance
alerts-, alarms-, communication systems
safety drills
well control
fire protection, protection from dangerous agents
workplaces, fingerboard, protection against falls

Protection of the Environment

Waste

objectives, principles
waste prevention - waste treatment - waste disposal

Protection of waters

protection and prevention of pollution

storage and management of water-endangering substances

Protection of forests

objectives, forest clearing

forestry harmful air pollutants

Environmental Information - Incident Information

Information about the risk of accidents

incidents
activities and installations which are required to provide information
content of the information
public that might be affected
type of information

Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC), IE-Directive

definitions, scope, objectives

BAT best available techniques
BREF - Best Available Techniques Reference Document

Seveso

scope, level 1, level 2

major accidents
safety concept
safety report, internal emergency plan, safety management system

Environmental Impact Assessment

page 8

project list, categories

Climate

climate strategies
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change - UNFCCC
Climate Change Conference - Kyoto Protocol
flexible mechanisms
natural and anthropogenic climate risk
options to reduce atmospheric CO2

Carbon Capture and Storage

page 9

opportunities, reference projects, potential

geological, technical and safety aspects
wellbore integrity, reservoir integrity, long-term safety
release scenarios
monitoring
directive on the geological storage of CO2

5.

Risk - emergency planning

Risk management

objectives of a risk management system

severity, probability of occurrence
risk identification
risk matrix, risk register
risk acceptance
risk analysis methods
risk management
risk monitoring
crisis management

Emergency Planning

legal framework, emergency response plan

alert strategy plan
o alerting scheme, alarms
o directory emergency numbers
action plans
o fundamental questions
o scenarios
o necessary measures and inducements
o organization, task forces
o documents, necessary maps
o assistance-, escape- and rescue- measures

Austrian gas protection service

6.

internal rescue operations, higher level rescue operations

responsibility for mission control
cooperation with the emergency services
rendering of assistance in the event of accidents
central rescue station
obligations to provide information
main rescue plan
contribution to the mine rescue service
critical factors of rescue operations

Preparation of permitting documents

page 10

sources and requirements in standards

content and scope
construction permit plan, technical descriptions
temporal component
orientation on relevant legislation