HUMANITIES

Ahrt
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Pre-historic Art
Greek Art
Roman Art
Medieval Art
Renaissance Art
Baroque Art

7. Rococo Art
8. Classical Art
9. Romanticism
10. Realism
11. Impressionism
12. Modern Art

// ars, latin word, means arts or skills

Artist a person who does art

Functions of Art
1. Aesthetic Function man became conscious to the beauty of nature
2. Utilitarian Function with the creation of various forms of art, man lives in
comfort & happiness
3. Cultural Function through painted matter, art transmit and preserve skills
and knowledge from one generation to another
4. Social Function through civic and graphic arts, man learned to love and help
each other
5. Economic Function

Genres of Art
1. Visual arts perceived by our eyes, primarily visual in nature, such as
ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts,
photography, video, film making and architecture.
Graphic arts two dimensional, includes calligraphy, photography,
drawing, painting, and printmaking
Plastic arts involve physical manipulation of a plastic medium by
moulding or modeling such as sculpture or ceramics.
2. Audio-visual arts also Performing arts, art forms in which artists use their
body or voice to convey artistic expressionas opposed to visual arts, in
which artists use paint/canvas or various materials to create physical art
objects.
3. Literary arts - literature is the art of written work and can, in some
circumstances, refer exclusively to published sources such as novels, prose &
poetry

Division of Art Study

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Aesthetic/Art Appreciation
Art History
Art Production
Art Criticism

Elements of Art
1. Line an element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be twoor three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract.
Vertical, horizontal, diagonal, straight, curve, repeating, contracting,
modified lines
2. Shape an element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height
and width. External appearance.
3. Form an element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume;
overall composition.
4. Value the lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest
value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is
called middle gray.
5. Space an element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or
a sense of depth achieved in a work of art.
6. Color an element of art made up of three properties: hue, value, and
intensity.
Hue: name of color
Value: hues lightness and darkness
Intensity: quality of brightness and purity (high intensity= color is
strong and bright; low intensity= color is faint and dull)
7. Texture an element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look as if
they might feel if touched.
8. Perspective how a person see something, point of view.
9. Volume amount of space occupied by the material.

Colors
// Monochromatic and Polychromatic
Primary colors Red, Yellow, Blue
Tertiary Colors

Secondary Colors Orange, Green, Violet

Intermediate colors combination of colors

Adjacent colors near each other on the color wheel (e.g red and red
orange)
Complementary colors - colors directly opposite each other in the color
wheel

Cool colors
Striking colors
Neutral colors

Warm colors

Methods of Presenting Art Subjects

1. Realism it is the attempt to portray the subject as is. The artist main
function is to describe accurately what is observed through the senses.

2. Abstract it means to move away or separate. Abstract art moves away from
showing things as they really are. The art work is not realistic.
Distortion. The subject is in misshaped condition.
Elongation/Elongated. The subject is lengthened for protraction or
extension.
Mangling. Subjects are either cut, lacerated, mutilated or hacked.
Cubism. Subjects are shown in basic geometrical shapes.
Abstract Impressionism
3. Surrealism it tries to reveal a new and higher reality than that of daily life.
They claim to create a magical world more beautiful than the real one
through art. Out of this world.
4. Fauvism themes are either ethical, philosophical or psychological. Subjects
express comfort, joy or happiness.
5. Dadaism a form of artistic anarchy born out of disgust for the social,
political and cultural values of the time. It embraced elements of art, music,
poetry, theatre, dance and politics.
6. Expressionism seeks to express emotional experience rather than
impressions of the external world.
7. Impressionism painting seeks to re-create the artist's or viewer's general
impression of a scene
8. Futurism its works aims to capture the speed and force of modern industrial
society and to glorify the mechanical energy of modern life.

Perception of the art work

1. Harmony is an art principle which produces an impression of unity; a way of
combining similar elements in an artwork to accent their similarities.
2. Rhythm a principle of design that indicates movement, created by the
careful placement of repeated elements in a work of art to cause a visual
tempo or beat.
3. Balance a way of combining elements to add a feeling of equilibrium or
stability to a work of art. Major types are symmetrical and asymmetrical.
4. Proportion is the art principle which shows pleasing relationship between a
whole and its parts.
5. Emphasis is the art principle which tends to carry the eyes from the center
of intersected or dominant part of any composition to the less
important/subordinate parts.

Painting
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That art of creating meaningful effects on a flat surface by the use of

pigments

Mediums of Painting
1. Watercolor difficult to handle; uses water soluble pigments pre-formulated
with a binder, typically gum arabic.
2. Fresco painting on a moist platter, pigments are mixed solely with water or
lime water.

3. Tempera mineral pigments mixed with egg yolk or egg white to bind them.
4. Pastel a stick of dried paste made of pigment found with chalk and
compounded with gum water.
5. Encaustic one of the early medium used by Egyptians. Employs hot
beeswax as a binding medium to hold coloured pigments and to enable their
application to a surface.
6. Oil one of the most expensive. Uses oils like linseed, walnut, or poppy seed,
as both a binder and drying agent.
7. Acrylic used by contemporary painters because of the transparency and the
quick drying characteristics. Highly versatile.
// Mosaic is the art of creating images with an assemblage of small pieces of
colored glass (tesserae), stone, or other materials. It is a technique of decorative art
or interior decoration.

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Pre-historic Art animals and sphere

Greek Art ancestors and emperors
Medieval Art gothic
Renaissance Art famous artists
Baroque Art emotions
Romantic past events, landscape

Subjects in Painting
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Portrait
People
Religion
Landscape

Notable Artists
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Anita Magsaysay Ho Basket, Lavandera, Birds of Paradise

Carlos Botong Francisco Fiesta and Kaingin, Maria Makiling
Benedicto Cabrera Sabel in Blue, Yellow Confetti
Felix Hidalgo - Las Virgenes Cristianas Expuestas al Populacho/The Christian
Virgins Exposed to the Populace
5. Fernando Amorsolo The Making of the Philippine Flag