ENGR0135 - Statics and Mechanics of Materials 1 (2161)

Homework #11
Solution Set
1. (a) The torques transmitted by cross sections in intervals AB, BC, CD, and DE are
TAB = 25 kipft ,

TBC = 75 kipft ,

TCD = 35 kipft ,

TDE = 45 kipft ,

(b) The torque diagram for the shaft is

T (kip ft)
45

25
A

35
75

2. The radius of the shaft is c = 4 in and the polar second moment for its cross section is
1
J = (4 in)4 = 402.1239 in4
2
(a) From Problem 1, it is seen that the maximum absolute value of torque in the
shaft is Tmax = 75 kip ft = 900 kip in. It follows that the maximum shearing
stress in the shaft is
Tmax c
(900 kip in)(4 in)
max =
=
= 8.95 ksi
J
(402.1239 in4 )
(b) The rotation of a section at D with respect to a section at B is
D/B = C/B + D/C
TBC LBC
TCD LCD
=
+
GBC JBC GCD JCD
(TBC + TCD )L
=
GJ
(900 420 kip in)(24 in)
=
(12, 000 kip/in2 )(402.1239 in4 )
= 6.57 103 rad
(c) The rotation of a section at E with respect to a section at A is
(TAB + TBC + TCD + TDE )L
GJ
(300 900 420 + 540 kip in)(24 in)
=
(12, 000 kip/in2 )(402.1239 in4 )
= 2.39 103 rad

E/A =

3. Lets determine the torque corresponding to the allowable shearing stress first. The
polar second moments for the two segments of the shaft are
1
JAB = (1.25 in)4 = 3.8350 in4 ,
2

1
JBC = (0.875 in)4 = 0.92077 in4
2

The maximum shearing stress in shaft AB will equal the allowable shearing stress at
the following torque:
T =

all JAB
(8000 psi)(3.8350 in4 )
=
= 24, 544 lb in
cAB
(1.25 in)

(A)

The maximum shearing stress in shaft BC will equal the allowable shearing stress at
the following torque:
T =

all JBC
(8000 psi)(0.92077 in4 )
=
= 8418 lb in
cBC
(0.875 in)

(B)

To determine the torque corresponding to the allowable angle of twist, note first that


TAB LAB
TBC LBC
T LAB LBC
C/A =
+
=
+
GAB JAB GBC JBC
G JAB
JBC
It follows that
1
LAB LBC
+
T = all G
JAB
JBC

1
48 in
36 in
6
= (0.04)(4 10 psi)
+
3.8350 in4 0.92077 in4
= 3100 lb in


(C)

The maximum permissible torque is the smaller of those in (A)(C):

Tall = 3100 lb in

4. The polar second moment for the shaft is

J=

4
(ro ri4 ) = [(0.06 m)4 (0.035 m)4 ] = 1.8000 105 m4
2
2

The maximum compressive stress is equal to the maximum shearing stress (on an
inclined plane with angle = 45 ). So,
max = c =

Tc
(8000 N m)(0.06 m)
=
= 26.7 MPa
J
(1.8000 105 m4 )

5. The weight of the block is W = (100 kg)(9.81 m/s2 ) = 981 N and its free-body diagram
is shown below.
y
F

35

Fx = F cos 35 0.3N = 0
Fy = N W F sin 35 = 0

x
0.3N
N

Solving the two equilibrium equations for F and N gives

F = 454.8130 N ,

N = 1241.8700 N

(a) The work done on the block by the force F is

Uforce = (F cos 35 )(20 m) = 7451 N m
(b) Gravity does no work on the block, since its direction is perpendicular to the
direction of motion:
Ugravity = 0
(c) The normal force, N , exerted on the block by the floor does no work on the block,
since its direction is perpendicular to the direction of motion. Thus, the work
done on the block by the floor is just the work done by the friction, which is
negative since it is in the opposite direction of the motion:
Ufloor = Ufriction = (0.3N )(20 m) = 7451 N m

6. The power transmitted by the shaft at the rated load is



lb ft
lb ft/min
= 6.6000 108
P = (20, 000 hp) 33, 000
hp
min
The angular velocity of the shaft is


rev 
rad
1
= 60
2
= 376.99
min
rev
min


It follows that the torque in the shaft at the rated load is

T =

P
= 1.7507 106 lb ft = 2.1008 107 lb in

The polar second moment for the shaft is

1
1
J = c4 = (15 in)4 = 7.9522 104 in4
2
2
(a) The maximum shearing stress in the shaft at the rated load is
c =

(2.1008 107 lb in)(15 in)

Tc
=
= 3963 psi
J
(7.9522 104 in4 )

(b) The magnitude of the angle of twist in the shaft at the rated load is
=

(2.1008 107 lb in)(240 in)

TL
=
= 5.28 103 rad
GJ
(12 106 lb/in2 )(7.9522 104 in4 )

7. The angles of twist in a length L for the inner and outer tubes are
i =

Ti L
,
Gi Ji

o =

To L
Go Jo

where Ti and To are the torques carried by the inner and outer tubes, respectively, Gi
and Go are their moduli of rigidity, and their polar second moments are

[(0.0625 m)4 (0.05 m)4 ] = 1.4151 105 m4

2

Jo = [(0.09 m)4 (0.0625 m)4 ] = 7.9091 105 m4

2
Ji =

The two tubes are constrained to have the same angle of twist, so
  
 

Gi
Ji
80
1.4151
i = o
=
Ti =
To =
To = 0.22021To
Go
Jo
65
7.9091
On the other hand, the sum of the torques carries by each tube must equal the total
torque of 12 kN m applied to the composite shaft, so
Ti + To = 12 kN m

Ti = 2.1656 kN m ,

To = 9.8344 kN m

(a) The maximum shearing stress in the steel is

i =

(2165.6 N m)(0.0625 m)
Ti ci
=
= 9.5647 106 Pa = 9.56 MPa
Ji
(1.4151 105 m4 )

The maximum shearing stress in the Monel is

o =

To co
(9834.4 N m)(0.09 m)
=
= 1.1191 107 Pa = 11.2 MPa
Jo
(7.9091 105 m4 )

(b) The angle of twist in a 2 m length of the composite shaft is

= i = o =

(9834.4 N m)(2 m)
= 3.83 103 rad
9
2
5
4
(65 10 N/m )(7.9091 10 m )

8. The angles of twist for the two shafts are

AB =

TAB LAB
,
GAB JAB

BC =

TBC LBC
GBC JBC

where TAB and TBC are the torques carries by the two shafts, LAB and LBC are their
lengths, GAB and GBC are their moduli of rigidity, and their polar second moments
are

(0.05 m)4 = 9.8175 106 m4

2

= (0.04 m)4 = 4.0212 106 m4

2

JAB =
JBC

The two shafts are constrained to have the same angle of twist, so
AB = BC

TAB =

GAB JAB LBC

(39)(9.8175)(600)
TBC =
TBC = 1.0986TBC
GBC JBC LAB
(65)(4.0212)(800)

On the other hand, the sum of the torques carries by each shaft must equal the torque
of 20 kN m applied to the disk, so
TAB + TBC = 20 kN m

TAB = 10.4698 kN m ,

TBC = 9.5302 kN m

(a) The maximum shearing stress in shaft AB is

AB =

TAB cAB
(10469.8 N m)(0.05 m)
=
= 5.3322 107 Pa = 53.3 MPa
JAB
(9.8175 106 m4 )

The maximum shearing stress in shaft BC is

BC =

TBC cBC
(9530.2 N m)(0.04 m)
= 9.4800 107 Pa = 94.8 MPa
=
6
4
JBC
(4.0212 10 m )

(b) The angle of rotation of the disk is

= AB = BC =

(9530.2 N m)(0.6 m)
= 2.19 102 rad
9
2
6
4
(65 10 N/m )(4.0212 10 m )