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Measurements in
Alluvial Rivers!
Categories of samplers!
Source: Erosion and sedimentation in the Nepal Himalaya Vic Galay, 1987
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14
2002!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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2002!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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1993!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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1971!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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2001!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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Mexico, 2001!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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Mexico, 2001!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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Mexico, 2001!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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Mexico, 2001!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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7,000
Sediment
discharge
(m3/d)!
Gasto slido
(m3/da)
6,000
BL-84
5,000
Near-Bed load!
Suspended load!
4,000
0.0025x
y = 210.07e
BD2
BD1
Expon. (BD1)
3,000
Bed load!
y = 27.973e0.0039x
Expon. (BD2)
Expon. (BL-84)
2,000
y = 414.09e0.0015x
1,000
0
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
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1,200
1,400
1,600
Sediment
(cumulative,
m3/d)!
Gastodischarge
slido (cumulativo,
m3/da)
18,000
16,000
14,000
BL-84
12,000
BL-84 + BD2
10,000
Suspended load!
y = 512.38e0.0025x
8,000
6,000
BD1
y = 574.08e0.002x
4,000
Near-Bed load!
BD2
2,000
84
y = 414.09e0.0015x
Bed load!
0
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
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1,200
1,400
1,600
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Bangladesh, 1993!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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US BM-54 Bed
sampler!
Handling sampling!
cylinder!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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Total!
Sediment Transport Measurements
Near-bed!
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Suspended!
Location of verticals for sand transport sampling in area where plan form changes hampered
navigation Use of sediment transport data for morphological studies!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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Total sediment!
transport!
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53
54
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700
600
V1
V2
V6
V3
V5
V4
S. V1
S. V2
S. V6
S. V3
S. V5
S. V4
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
57
10
58
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1
10
100
1000
Diamtre (!m)
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10000
100000
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1.70
1.60
1.50
y = 0.7784x - 0.3712
y = 0.6015x - 0.0007
1.40
V (m/s)
1.30
y = 0.4402x + 0.3821
y = 0.9846x - 1.102
1.20
1.10
y = 0.8693x - 0.6271
1.00
y = 0.3201x + 0.2352
0.90
0.80
0.70
0.60
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
2.00
2.10
2.20
2.30
2.40
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2.50
2.60
2.70
2.80
2.90
Hydraulic parameters!
Profondeur
moulinet
(cm)
Vm
V*
Tau
(m/s)
(m3/m.s)
(m/s)
par profil de
vitesse
L24
L24
L44
Bras
L44
L44
Chenal
L44
L20
RG
V3
V2
V1
RD
RG
V1
RD
RG
V2
V6
V3
V5
V4
RD
RG
V4
V3
V2
V1
RD
Pi
Tau2
par profil de
vitesse
par pente
430
448
413
1.53
1.34
1.36
6.583
6.022
5.605
0.10
0.09
0.09
1.036
0.895
0.777
1.586
1.203
1.055
1.290
1.344
1.239
208
0.83
1.725
0.06
0.310
0.257
0.832
500
512
530
527
616
1.36
1.37
1.41
1.36
1.23
6.783
7.034
7.468
7.168
7.607
0.10
0.08
0.14
0.15
0.17
1.094
0.586
1.833
2.286
2.932
1.484
0.805
2.582
3.109
3.621
2.000
2.048
2.120
2.108
2.464
560
507
400
380
1.43
1.46
1.34
1.17
8.019
7.391
5.349
4.446
0.11
0.12
0.11
0.10
1.168
1.454
1.236
0.953
1.673
2.119
1.653
1.115
1.680
1.521
1.200
1.140
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64
65
200
150
100
50
0
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
TEMPS (sec)
1003_V2
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1003_V3
1003_V4
3,000
3,500
4,000
0.60
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
-0.10
-0.20
TEMPS (sec)
1003_V2
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1003_V3
1003_V4
3,000
3,500
4,000
V2 : 1,961 Km/jour!
V3 : 5,584 Km/jour!
V4 : 5,025 Km/jour!
Maximum : 12 Km/jour!
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Liquid flow
Solid discharge
Percentage of bed
load
ADCP
Suspension
Bed load
Total
(m3/sec)
(m3/day)
(m3/day)
(m3/day)
L24 08/03/07
1709
4145
862
5007
17
L44 09/03/07
1375
1246
243
1489
16
A 09/03/07*
51
20
40
60
66
L44 complete
1426
1266
283
1549
18
L20 10/03/07
1096
1295
1025
2320
44
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Influence of morphology!
! In sand and gravel bed rivers, sediment transport
is distributed according to the morphology
(presence of bars, islands, structures)!
! This explains the data in the Loire River and also
those shown earlier about the Congo River!
! The following sketches were made for explaining
the interaction between bed load transport
(sediment paths) and the morphology of a sandbar!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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Conclusion!
! Our experience is that good sediment data can be
collected by using apropriate methods and
instruments, if based of an understanding of the
dynamic behavour of sand or gravel bed rivers!
! Field data are most of the time missing, not only
because engineers and researchers consider them
very difficult to collect, also because many prefer
to rely on formulas, while today we do not have
one single reliable universal formula or theory!
Sediment Transport Measurements
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