Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
May 2012
Types Of
Spillways
Name
Waleed Liaqat
Zeeshan Tahir Virk
Danial Majeed
Usman Mahmood
Zahid Aslam Pasha
Reg no.
122
128
60
119
88
Introduction
What is a spillway?
A spillway is an integral part of a Dam(large wall built to hold back water
usually across rivers).A spillway is usually used to remove water from a
reservoir to prevent overflow and to release pressure on a dam from
increasing quantities of water. It is normally composed of three major
components:
The approach facility admits flow to the spillway.
The discharging conduit evacuates the flow from the approach facility to
an outlet structure.
The outlet structure (tailwater channel) dissipates the excessive energy
of the flow from the discharging conduits and conveys tranquil flow to
the downstream.
Types of spillways:
There are two main types of spillways:
Controlled spillway
Uncontrolled spillway
An uncontrolled spillway, in contrast, does not have gates; when the water
rises above the lip or crest of the spillway it begins to be released from the
reservoir. The rate of discharge is controlled only by the depth of water within
the reservoir. All of the storage volume in the reservoir above the spillway
crest can be used only for the temporary storage of floodwater, and cannot be
used as water supply storage because it is normally empty.
In an intermediate type, normal level regulation of the reservoir is controlled
by the mechanical gates. If inflow to the reservoir exceeds the gate's capacity,
an artificial channel called either an auxiliary or emergency spillway that is
blocked by a fuse plug dike will operate. The fuse plug is designed to over-top
and wash out in case of a large flood, greater than the discharge capacity of
the spillway gates. Although it may take many months to restore the fuse plug
and channel after such an operation, the total damage and cost to repair is less
than if the main water-retaining structures had been overtopped. The fuse
plug concept is used where it would be very costly to build a spillway with
capacity for the probable maximum flood.
This report will focus on types of spillways based on their shapes and
structures and main working, since the same type of spillway can be classified
under controlled and uncontrolled.