Ex 4 4 FSC Part1 M Shahid

Cube Roots of Unity
Let
be cube root of unity
Then
(
(
)(
)
as required
Note:
Four Fourth Roots of Unity

Now solving;
Let
be fourth root of unity
( )( )
Thus cube roots of unity are
Note
)(
and
and
i.e; fourth roots of unity are 1, 1,
Properties of Cube Roots of Unity

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Properties of Fourth roots of unity:
Sum of all cube roots of unity is zero.

Product of all cube roots of unity is 1.
Each complex cube root of unity is square of
the other.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Proofs: (i) Sum of all cube roots of unity is zero.

Since
are cube roots of unity

(
Now;
(iv)
Since 1, 1,
) (
) (
Real fourth roots of unity are additive

inverses of each other
Since 1, 1 are real fourth roots of unity
are cube roots of unity
and are fourth roots of unity
(ii) Product of all cube roots of unity is 1.
Sum of all fourth roots of unity is 0

Every real fourth root of unity is additive
inverse of the other
Every complex fourth root of unity is
conjugate of the other
Product of all fourth root of unity is
Proofs: (i) Sum of all fourth roots of unity is 0
(ii)
Since
and
Real fourth roots of unity are additive inverses

of each other.
)
(iv)
Complex fourth roots of unity are

Conjugate of each other
M. SHAHID NADEEM, SCHOLARS ACADEMY, SHAH WALI COLONY, WAH CANTT. (0333-2823123)
Page 1
are conjugate of each other.

(v)
Product of all fourth roots of unity is -1.
Since 1, 1,
and are fourth roots of unity
EXERCISE 4.4
Q# 1: Find cube roots of

Solution: Let
be cube root of 8
Then
are cube roots of

(
)(
Let
)
.
be cube root of
Then
Now solving;
(
( )( )
)(
Now solving;
( )( )
are cube roots of 8.
Let
be cube root of
(
Then
are cube roots of

Let
(
)(
be cube root of
Then
)(
Now solving;
( )( )
Page 2
Now solving;
( )( )
(ii)
Solution:
( )
)
are cube roots of
Let
( )
be cube root of
Then
(iii) (
)(
Solution:
(
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
)
)
Now solving;
( )(
Solution:
(iv)
are cube roots of
( )
(
(
Q# 2: Evaluate
(i) (
Solution:
)
(
)
(
( )
)
(vi)
( )
(
)
(
(
Page 3
( )
Q#3
Show that
(
(i)
(
)(
)(
)
(
Solution:
(ii)
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
Solution:
)(
)
)
(
)
)
)
(
(iii)
(
)(
)(
)(
Solution:
(
Q#4:
)(
)(
)(
If is a root of
its other root is
Solution:
(
)(
)(
)(
(
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
(1)
)
)(
)(
is a root of
)(
)(
Since
, show that
and prove that
)
)
Now to show that
is root of
we have to show that

(
(
)
)
Page 4
)(
)(
( )(
from (1)
Hence
(
(2)
( )
( )
Now subtracting equations (1) and (2)

(
Q#6: If
as required.
is a cube root of unity, form an equation

whose roots are 2 and 2
Solution:
An equation whose roots are 2 and 2

is
Q#5: Prove that complex cube roots of 1

are (
(
Solution:
) and (
(
Let
(1)
); and hence prove that
Now
+2
)
2(
be cube root of
2(
2
2 .2
)(
4
4
Putting values in (1)
Now solving;
is required equation.
( )( )
Q#7: Find four fourth roots of 16, 81, 625.

Solution:
Let
be fourth root of 16.
Thus cube roots of
are
Hence complex cube roots of
Now to prove (
(
(
)
are
and
and
( )
)(
)
(
i.e; fourth roots of 16 are 2, 2,
and 2 .
Page 5
Let

(
( )
)(
(
(
( )
)(
Solution set is *
(iii)
Let
and 3 .
Solution:
(

(
)(
)(
)
Solution set is *
(iv)
(
and 5 .
Q# 8: Solve the following equations.

(i)
)
4(
)(
)
Solution set is *
Solution set is *
)(
+
If A is a success in life, then A equals x plus y plus z.
Work is x; y is play; and z is keeping your mouth shut
(ii)
3 (
Albert Einstein
Page 6
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Ex 4 4 FSC Part1 M Shahid

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Cube Roots of Unity

be cube root of unity

Four Fourth Roots of Unity

be fourth root of unity

Thus cube roots of unity are

i.e; fourth roots of unity are 1, 1,

Properties of Cube Roots of Unity

Properties of Fourth roots of unity:

Sum of all cube roots of unity is zero.

Proofs: (i) Sum of all cube roots of unity is zero.

are cube roots of unity

Real fourth roots of unity are additive

Since 1, 1 are real fourth roots of unity

are cube roots of unity

and are fourth roots of unity

(ii) Product of all cube roots of unity is 1.

Sum of all fourth roots of unity is 0

Proofs: (i) Sum of all fourth roots of unity is 0

Real fourth roots of unity are additive inverses

Complex fourth roots of unity are

are conjugate of each other.

Product of all fourth roots of unity is -1.

and are fourth roots of unity

Q# 1: Find cube roots of

are cube roots of

are cube roots of 8.

are cube roots of

are cube roots of

Now to show that

we have to show that

Now subtracting equations (1) and (2)

is a cube root of unity, form an equation

An equation whose roots are 2 and 2

Q#5: Prove that complex cube roots of 1

); and hence prove that

Q#7: Find four fourth roots of 16, 81, 625.

be fourth root of 16.

Thus cube roots of

Hence complex cube roots of

i.e; fourth roots of 16 are 2, 2,

be fourth root of 81.

be fourth root of 625.

Q# 8: Solve the following equations.

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