Technological University of the Philippines

College of Science
Ayala Boulevard, Manila

Name: Villapando, Korina Lourdes L.

Manalastas, Ara Mae U.
De Leon, Loren Ross D.

General Subject Area:

Augmented Reality

Specific Topic:
Development of Interior Design through Augmented Reality

CHAPTER 1
PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the study

Perhaps one of the first points to consider after buying a new
house, apartment or condominium unit is the furniture. A lot of
people plans to buy new houses, apartments or condominium units
but afraid to buy a new furniture. People may greatly be afraid to
buy new furniture because of their past experiences wherein they
bought a furniture but doesnt suit their house or rooms motif.
Traditionally, people buy furniture and do a mix and match but for
others, they tend to hire an interior designer to do the work. But
because of the rapid development of technology, organizing and
designing ones own house will be a simple task with the aid of
augmented reality.

The rapid pace of technological change has transformed the

conceptual boundaries of traditional and modern design. Architects
and designers already had the opportunity to create different
shapes,forms and style by using these tools for visualization in a
more effective manner. One of todays trend in technology is
augmented reality. Augmented reality is a technology that combines

virtual reality with the real world. Some users are confused between
augmented and virtual reality. Unlike virtual reality, which makes an
absolutely simulated environment, augmented reality utilizes the
current environment and overlays new data on top of it. Augmented
reality is a type of virtual reality that aims to copy the worlds
surroundings in a computer. It generates the perspective view of the
user with the combination of the users surroundings and a virtual
scene created by the computer. The virtual scene created by the
computer is intended to improve the users physical impression of
the virtual world they are seeing or cooperating with.

With the help of this new technology, numerous applications

are being finished by different areas like in sports, medicine, arts
and entertainment. Through the use of augmented reality, people
can do things they wanted to do but afraid to try in real life because
of the possible reasons and risks.

Objective of the study

The general objective of the study is to develop an interior
design through augmented reality.

Specifically, it aims to:

1. Design the system with the following features:

a. To be able to choose furniture in an online shop.
b. To use an algorithm for the proportion of the furniture and the
allotted space.
2. Create the system using Unity 3D and run with the android version
4.2 and above.
3. Determine the level of acceptability of the system according to
evaluation (ISO 9126) criteria namely--functionality and efficiency.

Scope and Limitation

The application can be downloaded and installed for android

phones with version 4.2 and above. The scope of the study is to
create an application for interior design through augmented reality.

The user is expected to choose from different furniture in an online

shop.

The limitation of the study is that the choice of the furniture is

only limited for online shopping.

Significance of the study

This study aims to help people planning to change or make

their own houses interior design. This will help people choose
intelligently what kind of furniture will suit their place. By this
system, they can learn and experience the art of interior designing.
Also, this system can save time from choosing different furniture
because of the feature online shopping.

This research will provide more contribution to the era of

virtual reality which is very popular nowadays. This will also help the
future

researcher

of

the

same

general

subject

area.

CHAPTER 2
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE TOPICS

Interior Design

Interior design has suffered identity-crisis because of the

many misconceptions driven with its name. Interior design is
considered as being creative but not necessarily professional, with
a lack of rigor and consistency within itself. As the popular culture
sees interior design, it is just an art of planning how a room of a
building should be decorated. But according to Christine M.
Pidtrowski (2014), Interior design is for all. Every aspects of life can
be related to it. Even in bussiness or economical issues, interior
design has a big part of it. It helps everyone a lot and also it is
useful that can accompany every people in this world. Through
interior design, different colors and styles have been developed and
still being developed.
As discussed in the book, Architecture: Drafting & Design of
Donald E. Hepler, interior construction and furnishings should be

closely related to or if not, should be determined by the architectural

design where both inside and outside designs must be coordinated
to obtain a desired consistent design.

The architect creates harmony between art and technology as

he is matching the exterior and interior design activities. As the
architect aims to create buildings that are designed both technically
and aesthetically, the interior designers job is to consider styles and
individuals taste change as he design the building artistically.

a. Floor-Plan
Walls, doorways, and even windows are often drawn to scale.
With the use of a floor-plan, a person can be able to study the
house or the building to see how space is arranged, especially the
rooms. However, a floor-plan is not a blueprint or a construction
plan. As stated in http://www.math-kitecture.com, a floor plan is a
drawing that shows a room as seen from above. Everything in a
floor plan appears flat. Floor-plans are only tools to give the big
picture of living spaces wherein it usually show the measurements
for how long things are in real life.
b. House Rooms
A house may not be a house without the different rooms that
it consists. Many houses have several number of rooms but there is

also lots of houses wherein the rooms are divided with only
screens. But still, those rooms can still be considered as rooms.
i.

Living room

The living room is the largest part of a house. The space

has to be large and airy so everyone can move around freely
and comfortably. The living room is also the part of ones
house where they can entertain guests, feel cozy and also a
place to relax.
ii.

Dining room

All homes should have a dining space to sit down and

eat a meal whether its an eating counter for a small
household, a kitchen table or open plan dining room in a
family home, or a home with a kitchen nook and a formal
dining room or any combination of these. This part of the
house where a person can eat and enjoy their meal and that is
the dining room.
iii.

Bathroom

People need a place where they can do hygienic things

which serves as the function of the bathroom. The bathroom is
the part of the house that has a sink, a toilet or for other
people have bath tubs.

c. Furniture

A house is dull and empty without the furniture which serves

as the things that contributes to the ambience and style of interior
space. Furniture offers a place setting for work, ret, and play.
According to Fay Sweet in her book Retro Furniture Classic (2007),
furniture is as varied as the designs themselves. Every kind of
furniture is different to peoples taste and style.

Architectural Design

Based on James Eckler (2013), Architectural Design is

related to Interior Design that makes Interior Design and
Architecture are more likely the same as they share many of the
same priorities. Architectural Design and Interior Design is chiefly
concerned with the space as a dwelling place. They both produce
outcomes that are a result of a design process that combines
knowledge and technique. The notion that the inside of a building is
the domain of the interior designer and the outside is the
responsibility of an architect is a misconception. Design decisions

made regarding interior spaces usually have consequences for the

exterior of the building. A better distinction between the two might
be that where architects begin the design process at the scale of a
room and progress up, interior designers begins at the scale of a
room and progress down. While this better represents the
relationship between architecture and interior design, it is still an
oversimplification. Members of both disciplines share an interest in
design

that

translates

from

the

smallest

to

the

largest

considerations. This often leads to their roles being reversed.

Augmented Reality

Augmented reality abbreviated as AR has been a world-wide

trend in the world because of having a high level technology. AR is
said to be a type of virtual reality which can be defined as threedimensional and computer generated environment wherein can be
interacted by a person. An AR system, however creates an
environment that is a combination of the real scene viewed by the
user and a virtual scene generated by the computer which
augments the scene with additional information that makes it
interactive and digitally controllable.

Additionally, in the website http://www.vrs.org.uk, it is stated

that with the aid of smart algorithms and other sensors such as
accelerometers and gyroscopes, a device can possess the
augmented information associated with the real world. A device with
these tools holds the augmented information that is being received
by the user.

Unity3D

Unity3D gains a lot of attention from the developers around

the world because of its powerful cross-platform for 3D and a user
friendly development environment. Unity3D is said to be one of the
easiest development engine enough for novice developers and
powerful enough for the experts. Unity3D helps developers build
interactive 2D and 3D games that are compatible for many
platforms such as mobiles, desktop and gaming consoles that
support games for iOs and android.

Unity3D is a component-based game object system where in

every game object; a developer can attach scripts to. A developer
only write his scripts and derive them from a certain class and
model behavior, and when automatically onto a game object, will
run your script. A lot of developers use this with ease.

a. Java
Under Unity 3D lies the programming language, Java
which is widely used in industries for many types of
applications for it is a general-purpose programming language
(Yakov Fain, Java Programming 24 Hour Trainer). Java is a
high-level programing language and also an object-oriented

programming platform. Java is an object-oriented software

wherein the user can easily relate the construction of their
program. Because of the power of Java as an object-oriented
software, it is easier to understand, therefore it is easier to
test, debug and maintain. Also, the Java codes are translated
in machine language and are compiled in the Java bytecodes
that is designed to run the virtual machine (Ken Arnold and
James Gosling, The Java Programming Language)
b. C#

C#,

like

Java,

is

also

an object-oriented

programming language that aims to improve, update and

combine the features of C, C++, even Visual Basic and Java.
C# can be claimed to be an improved and updated version of
the said programming languages.

C#s aim is to simplify the exchange of information and

services over the Web and to enable developers to build
highly portable applications. Because of the developments
and updates that Microsoft made in C#, it makes the
programming language simpler through the use of its
Extensible Markup Language (XML) and Simple Object

Access Protocol (SOAP) which allows the programmer to

access a programming object or method without requiring to
write additional code for each step. As one of its features,
programmers that use this programming language can build
on existing code, rather than repeatedly duplicating it that
makes it expectedly faster and less expensive.

Online Shopping

Online shopping is becoming more and more widespread

and accepted due to the many conveniences it provides for its
customers.

Based

on

http://www.streetdirectory.com,

online

shopping involves purchasing products or services which is done

through an online shop, e-shop, e-store, virtual store, web shop,
Internet shop or online store. Online shopping serves as an
alternative shopping method for shoppers. Many people see online
shopping as an easier way to purchase item with just the use of the
Internet as opposed to a shop or store. As one of the conveniences
of online shopping, a customer do not need to wait in queues at the
check-out or the adversity of leaving ones home to buy a single
product especially in holiday season. The use of online shopping
becomes more popular as it saves hassle of searching several
store and then waiting in long queues to buy a particular item and
also, the price may be less than the actual price of the item which
also saves the budget of the customer. But, in every conveniences,
there is still inconveniences. One of the online shoppings most
inconvenience is the customers satisfaction in the product because
unlike in buying to a store, the customer cannot touch, see, and test
the product which makes it its biggest disadvantage.

Online shopping can be easily completed as it is only done

with just clicking a button and then it will deposited into your trolley
with no physical effort in the customers part.

Android

The usage of mobile phones is unexpectedly increasing rapid.

The world is contracting with mobile phone technology and one of
its mobile operating system is android, which is the leading mobile
platform. As the number of consumers are increasing day by day,
services are also increasing. Android is a Linux OS and its
applications are programmed in Java where they compromise a rich
application framework that let the users make and innovate
applications and games for mobile devices. Android phones
typically come with several built-in applications that is supported by
third-party programs. Android is open source it is an operating
system that can be altered and customized. Because of being an
open source, developers of the different brands of smartphones can
modify and customize android for every smart phones for free.
Therefore, different Android-based phones often have different
graphical user interfaces (GUIs) even though they use the same
operating system.

According

to

https://developer.android.com,

Android

is

composed of middleware and key applications, supporting a large

number of applications in smart phones. The stated applications
makes life comfortable and advanced for the users.

ISO
ISO

(International

Organization

for

Standardization),

according to a study of Dural Anand Kumar, Dr. V. Balakrishnan

Anna named ISO 9001 Quality Management System Certifications
Reasons behind the Failure of ISO Certified Organizations serves
as the worlds largest non-profit organization to develop and publish
international management system standards on various subjects.
ISO as they said has an objective which is to facilitate the
international organization and unification of industrial standards.

Similarly,

based

on

the

website

www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/managementstandards/iso_9000.h
tm, it was stated that ISO is a standardization based on a number of
quality management principles including a strong customer focus,
the motivation and implication of top management, the process
approach and continual improvement.

In addition, the ISO functions as an intervention or change

strategy

to

determine

if

the

commodities

have

hidden

characteristics. The organization has three basic requirements or

conditions for an intervention activity that will be used to serve as a
conceptual

framework

of

comparison

which

are

the

valid

information, free, informed choice, and lastly internal commitment.

(Eliseo A. Aurellado, 2010). With the given requirements, the

manufacturers so is the consumers may be able to check the

standard of various objects.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF STUDIES

The conceptual model of the study explains the essential

components (input, process and output) for the development of the
system.

INPUT

PROCESS

Evaluation

Figure 1: Conceptual Model of the Study

OUTPUT

http://newtech.about.com/od/softwaredevelopment/a/ApplicationsOf-Augmented-Reality.htm

http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/Augmented_Reality.html