Modern Irrigation System With Smart Protection Using GSM

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Modern Irrigation System with Smart Protection

using GSM
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
DNYANGANGA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH, PUNE

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INTRODUCTION
Water and electricity should be optimally utilized in an agricultural like India. The development in the
field of science and technology should be appropriately used in the field of agriculture for better yields.
Irrigation has traditionally resulted in excessive labour and non uniformity in water application across
the field. Hence, an automatic irrigation system is required to reduce the labour cost and to
give uniformity in water application across the field.
Now-a-days the motors that are used in the irrigation system lack in protection. The systems that have
been developed till day for the use of human efforts only provide the facility of ON/OFF through GSM.
This invention deals with the detection and protection from the conditions that will lead to damage of
motor.
The project is divided into two parts:
1. Protection of motor.
2. GSM approach.
1. Protection of motor:
It deals with the phase fail, overvoltage, over current and dry run of the motor.
2. GSM approach:
The GSM module will be used to ON/OFF the motor by sending an sms. It will be also used
to acknowledge the user whether motor is ON or OFF and in case, if it is OFF, what are the
conditions behind it.
In this project we are going to deal with 3 phase power supply and this is introduced and explained in the
next paragraph

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THREE PHASE POWER SUPPLY

Three-phase electric power is a common method of alternating-current electric power generation,
transmission, and distribution.[1] It is a type of polyphase system and is the most common method used by
electrical grids worldwide to transfer power. It is also used to power large motors and other heavy loads.
A three-phase system is usually more economical than an equivalent single-phase or two-phase system at
the same line to ground voltage because it uses less conductor material to transmit electrical power.[2] The
three-phase system was independently invented by Galileo Ferraris, Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky and
Nikola Tesla in the late 1880s.
Principle
In a balanced three-phase power supply system (by far, the most common type), three conductors each
carry an alternating current of the same frequency and voltage relative to a common reference (Typically
such a reference is connected to ground and often to a current-carrying conductor called the neutral) but
with a phase difference of one third the period; hence the voltage on any conductor reaches its peak at one
third of a cycle after one of the other conductors and one third of a cycle before the third conductor. From
any of the three conductors, the peak voltage on the other two conductors is delayed by one third and two
thirds of one cycle respectively. This phase delay gives constant power transfer over each cycle. It also
makes it possible to produce a rotating magnetic field in an electric motor and generate other phase
arrangements using transformers (For instance, a two phase system using a Scott-T transformer).
With a perfectly balanced three phase supply the instantaneous voltage of any phase is exactly equal in
magnitude but opposite to the sum of the other two phases. This means that if the load on the three phases
is balanced as well, the return path for the current in any phase conductor is the other two phase
conductors.
Hence, the sum of the currents in the three conductors is always zero and the current in each conductor is
equal to and in the opposite direction as the sum of the currents in the other two. Thus, each conductor
acts as the return path for the currents from the other two.

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While a single phase AC power supply requires two conductors (Go and Return), a three phase supply can
transmit three times the power by using only one extra conductor. This means that a 50% increase in
transmission cost yields a 200% increase in the power transmitted. [3]
Three-phase systems may also utilise a fourth wire, particularly in low-voltage distribution. This is the
neutral wire. The neutral allows three separate single-phase supplies to be provided at a constant voltage
and is commonly used for supplying groups of domestic properties which are each single-phase loads.
The connections are arranged so that, as far as possible in each group, equal power is drawn from each
phase. Further up the supply chain in high-voltage distribution the currents are usually well balanced and
it is therefore normal to omit the neutral conductor.
Three-phase supplies have properties that make them very desirable in electric power distribution
systems:
The phase currents tend to cancel out one another, summing to zero in the case of a linear
balanced load. This makes it possible to reduce the size of the neutral conductor because it carries
little to no current; all the phase conductors carry the same current and so can be the same size,
for a balanced load.
Power transfer into a linear balanced load is constant, which helps to reduce generator and motor
vibrations.
Three-phase systems can produce a rotating magnetic field with a specified direction and constant
magnitude, which simplifies the design of electric motors.
Most household loads are single-phase. In North American residences, three-phase power might feed a
multiple-unit apartment block, but the household loads are connected only as single phase. In lowerdensity areas, only a single phase might be used for distribution. Some large European appliances may be
powered by three-phase power, such as electric stoves and clothes dryers.
Wiring for the three phases is typically identified by color codes which vary by country. Connection of
the phases in the right order is required to ensure the intended direction of rotation of three-phase motors.
For example, pumps and fans may not work in reverse. Maintaining the identity of phases is required if
there is any possibility two sources can be connected at the same time; a direct interconnection between
two different phases is a short-circuit.

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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
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LITERATURE SURVEY
A project was been developed that aims in designing a system which responds to user SMS and switches
ON the 3-phase irrigation motor depending on soil moisture sensor, temperature sensor.
This project also consists of temperature sensor, soil moisture sensor for remote monitoring and control of
water supply to irrigation system. The temperature is read by the ADC (Analog to Digital Converter)
module of the microcontroller Unit. This ADC data is processed and converted into the actual temperature
reading by the microcontroller. The temperature checks the temperature of motor. If it is above threshold
it automatically switches OFF the motor.
The controlling device of the whole system is a Microcontroller. GSM modem, temperature sensor and
soil moisture sensor are interfaced to the Microcontroller. The user needs to send SMS in predefined
format to system at motor. The motor continuously checks temperature and soil moisture sensor input and
switches ON the Motor if all are within ranges. If any of the input is deviated from its normal range,
automatically the motor will be switched OFF.
A Real time implementation of a GSM based Automated Irrigation Control System using drip Irrigation
Methologydeals with GSM based Irrigation Control System, which could give
the facilities of maintaining uniform environmental conditions. For this, a software stack called Android
is used for mobile devices that include an operating system, middleware and key applications. The
Android SDK provides the tools and APIs necessary to begin developing

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applications on the Android platform using the Java programming language. Mobile phones have almost
become an integral part of us serving multiple needs of humans. This application makes use of the GPRS
feature of mobile phone as a solution for irrigation control system.
Design of Remote Monitoring and Control System with Automatic Irrigation System using GSMBluetooth,proposed artificially supplying water to land where crops are cultivated. Traditionally hand
pumps, canal water and rainfall were a major source of water supply for
irrigation. This method has led to severe drawbacks like under irrigation, over-irrigation which in
turn causes leaching and loss of nutrient content of soil. Changing environmental conditions and shortage
of water have led to the need for a system which efficiently manages irrigation of fields. Automated
irrigation system is a machine based system, which automates the irrigation of land by combining various
software and hardware approaches together for field irrigation. This paper deals with a detailed survey of
various GSM based automated farm irrigation systems. GSM
serves as an important part since it is responsible for controlling the irrigation facility and sends them to
receiver through coded signal.
Our project named MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH SMART PROTECTION USING GSM
APPROACH aims in designing a system which responds to user SMS and switches ON the 3-phase
irrigation motor depending on phase failure sensor, over voltage sensor, over current sensor and dry run
sensor.The controlling device of the whole system is a Microcontroller. GSM modem and all the sensors
that we are going to built in this project are interfaced to the Microcontroller. The user needs to send SMS
in predefined format to system at motor. The motor continuously checks the sensor input and switches
ON the Motor if all are within ranges. If any of the input is deviated from its normal range,
automatically the motor will be switched OFF and this will be informed to the user through a message on
his mobile
CHAPTER 3
PROJECT DESIGN
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2.1. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Fig.1: Block Diagram

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Block Diagram Description:
Phase failure:
It may happen sometimes, there may be phase failure. A 3 phase motor running on single phase
draws all of its current from remaining 2 lines which will cause the motor winding to heat and
the motor may damage. A phase failure may occur because of a blown fuse in some part of the
power distribution system, a mechanical failure within the switching equipment, or if one of the
power lines open. A three-phase motor running on single phase draws all of its current from the
remaining two lines. Attempting to start a three-phase motor on single phase will cause the motor
to draw locked-rotor current and the motor will not start. The reaction time of thermal overload
units may be too slow to provide effective protection from the excessive heat generated in the
motor windings when a phase failure occurs. Protecting a three-phase motor against phase failure
is difficult because a lightly loaded three-phase motor operating only on single phase will
generate a voltage, often called regenerated voltage or back EMF, in its open winding almost
equal to the lost voltage. Therefore, voltage sensing devices which monitor only the voltage
magnitude may not provide complete protection from a phase failure which occurs when the
motor is running. A greater degree of protection can be obtained from a device which can detect
the phase angle displacement accompanying a phase failure. Under normal conditions, the threephase voltages are 120 degrees out of phase with respect to one another. A phase failure will
cause a phase angle displacement away from the normal 120 degrees.
Over voltage:
If the voltage through the supply is higher than the actual rated, then the motor starts over
heating, hence it will damage the motor with the help of a comparator and variable resistor, we
can design overvoltage protection circuit.
Over current:
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If for any reason, the motor windings draw more current than their rated, for excess heat is
generated causing damage to motor insulation and hence further damage to the motor.
Dry run protection:

It may be possible there may be shortage of water in the well then due to free motion of motor,
the windings can damage. To protect it, we can use level indicator to check whether there is water
in well or not.
CHAPTER 3
HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

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3.1. PIC P18F4520:
Fig.2: Microchip PIC IC

PIC P18F4520 is the brain of the system. This is 8 bit controller used to control all operations in the
project.
Reasons for selecting PIC18F4520:

Following is the comparison for different microcontrollers:
Parameters
Architecture
Execution cycle
ADC
89c51
CISC
6 clocks per instr.
Not present
AVR ATmega16
RISC
1 clocks per instr.
8 channel;10 bit
PIC 18F4520
RISC
1 clocks per instr.
13 channel;10 bit

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PWM channels
Timers/counters
I/O ports
Bus
Manufacturer
RAM
ROM
Not present
4 PWM channels
2 PWM channels
2 (16 bit as well as 8 2 (8 bit)and 1(16 bit)
1(8 bit) & 3 (16 bit)
bit)
4
4
5
8 bit
8 bit
8 bit
Intel, Philips
Atmel
Microchip
128 bytes
1024 bytes SRAM
3968 bytes SRAM
4kb EEPROM
16kb flash
48k flash
(Expandable
upto
64kb)
Table 1: Comparison of different Microcontrollers
3.1.1 Features:
CPU
o Up to 10 MIPS Performance at 3V
o C compiler optimized RISC architecture
o 8x8 Single Cycle Hardware Multiply
System
o Internal oscillator support-31 kHz to 8MHz with 4xPLL
o Fail-Safe Clock Monitor- allows safe shutdown if clock fails
o Watchdog Timer with separate RC oscillator
o Wide operating Voltage range; 2.0V to 5.5V
LCD Module

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o An integrated LCD driver module, capable of driving 48 segments and 4

commons for LCD display (132 pixels)
nanoWatt Power Managed Modes
o Run, Idle and SLEEP modes
o Idle mode currents down to 5.8uA typical
o Sleep mode currents down to 0.1uA typical
Analog Features
o 10-bit ADC, 12 channels, 100K samples per second
o Programmable Low Voltage Detection Module
o Programmable Brown-out-Reset Module
o Two Analog Comparators
Peripherals
o Master Synchronous Serial Port supports SPI and I2C master and slave mode
o EUSART module including LIN bus support
o Four Timer modules
o Up to 5 PWM outputs
o Up to 2 Capture / Compare
Parameter
Value
Program Memory Type
Flash
Program Memory (KB)
64

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CPU Speed (MIPS)
10
RAM Size (bytes)
3968
Data EEPROM (bytes)
1024
Digital Communication
1-UART, 1-A/E/USART, 1-SPI,
Peripherals
1-I2C2-MSSP(SPI/I2C)
Capture/Compare/PWM
1 CCP, 1ECCP
Peripherals
Timers
1 x 8-bit, 3 x 16-bit
ADC
13 ch, 10-bit
Comparators
Temperature Range (C)
-40 to 125
Operating Voltage Range(V)
2 to 5.5
Pin Count
40
Table 2: Features of PIC18F4620
3.1.2: Pin Diagram:

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Fig.3: Pin Diagram

3.1.2: Pin Description:
Pin
Name
No.
Description
Alternate Function
MCLR/VPP/RE3
Master
clear
Vpp: programming
voltage input
RE3: I/O pin of PORTE,
PIN 3
RA0/AN0
PortA I/O
Pins 1-6
AN0: Analog input 0
RA1/AN1
AN1: Analog input 1
RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF
AN2: Analog input 2

VREF-: A/D reference
voltage (low) input.
CVREF: Analog
comparator reference
output.

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RA3/AN3/VREF+
RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT/RCV
RA5/AN4/SS/HLVDIN/C2OUT
RE0/AN5/CK1SPP
RE1/AN6/CK2SPP
10
RE2/AN7/OESPP
11
VDD
PortE I/O
Pins 1-3
AN3: Analog input3

VREF+: A/D reference
voltage (high) input
T0CKI: Timer0 external
clock input.
C1OUT: Comparator 1
output
RCV:External USB
transceiver RCV input.
AN4: Analog input 4
SS: SPI slave select
input
HLDVIN: High/LowVoltage Detect input.
C2OUT: Comparator 2
output.
AN5: Analog input 5
CK1SPP: SPP clock 1
output.
AN6: Analog input 6
CK2SPP: SPP clock 2
output
AN6: Analog input 7
OESPP : SPP Enabled
output
Positive supply
12
Vss
Ground
13
OSC1/CLKI
Oscillator
pin 1
CLKI: External clock

source input

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14
15
OSC2/CLKO/RA6
RC0/T1OSO/T13CKI
16
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2/UOE
17
RC2/CCP1/P1A
18
VUSB
19
RD0/SPP0
20
RD1/SPP1
21
RD2/SPP2
22
RD3/SPP3
PortE I/O
Pin 7
CLKO: External clock

source output
OSC2: Oscillator pin 2
T1OSO :Timer1 oscillator

output
T13CKI: Timer1/Timer3
external clock input.
T1OSI: Timer1 oscillator
output
CCP2:Capture 2
PortC I/O
input/Compare 2
Pins 1-3
output/PWM2 output
UOE: External USB
transceiver OE output
CCP1: Capture 1
input/Compare 1
output/PWM1 output.
P1A :Enhanced CCP1
PWM output, channel A.
Internal USB 3.3V voltage regulator
output, positive supply for the USB
transceiver.
PortD I/O
Pins 1-4
SPP0-SPP4
Streaming Parallel Port
data

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23
RC3/D-/VM
PortC I/O
Pins 4-5
24
RC4/D+/VP
25
RC6/TX/CK
PortC I/O
Pins 7-8
26
RC7/RX/DT/SDO
27
RD4/SPP4
28
RD6/SPP6/P1C
30
RD7/SPP7/P1D
31
Vss
32
SPP4:Streaming Parallel
Port data
RD5/SPP5/P1B
29
VDD
D-: USB differential

minus line (input/output)
VM: External USB
transceiver VM input.
D+: USB differential plus
line (input/output).
VP: External USB
transceiver VP input.
TX: EUSART
asynchronous transmit.
CK: EUSART
synchronous clock (see
RX/DT).
RX: EUSART
asynchronous receive.
DT: EUSART
synchronous data (see
TX/CK).
SDO: SPI data out.
PortD I/O
Pins 5-8
Port data
P1B: Enhanced CCP1
PWM output, channel B
Port data
P1C: Enhanced CCP1
PWM output, channel C
Port data
P1D: Enhanced CCP1
PWM output, channel D
Ground
Positive supply

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PortB I/O
Pins 1-8
33
RB0/AN12/INT0/FLT0/SDI/SDA
34
RB1/AN10/INT1/SCK/SCL
35
RB2/AN8/INT2/VMO
36
RB3/AN9/CCP2/VPO
37
RB4/AN11/KBI0/CSSPP
38
RB5/KBI1/PGM
39
RB6/KBI2/PGC
AN12: Analog input 12.

INT0: External interrupt
0.
FLT0: Enhanced PWM
Fault input (ECCP1
module).
SDI: SPI data in.
SDA: I2C data I/O.
1.
SCK: Synchronous serial
clock input/output for SPI
mode.
SCL: Synchronous serial
clock input/output for I2C
mode.
2.
VMO: External USB
transceiver VMO output.
CCP2: Capture 2
input/Compare 2
output/PWM2 output.
VPO: External USB
transceiver VPO output.
KBI0: Interrupt-onchange pin.
CSSPP: SPP chip select
control output.
PGM: Low-Voltage ICSP
Programming enable pin.
PGC: Low-Voltage
ICSP Programming
enable pin.

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40
RB7/KBI3/PGD

PGD: In-Circuit
Debugger and ICSP
programming data pin.
Table 1: Pin Description of P18F4520
3.2 Phase Fail Sensor:

It consists of 3 step down transformer which are connected separately to each of the fail as shown in the
figure below. We have used half wave rectifier to convert the ac supply to dc supply which is been fed to
the microcontroller. When the 3 phase are present the output of the three rectifiers is present. These output
is connected to the microcontroller and the microcontroller is programmed such that if all the 3 phase is
present then produce a logic 1 signal. These logic high signal is been fed to the relays that will further
change their states and make the supply to pass to the motor.

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TR1
R1
10k
D1
1N4007
C1
1000u
TRAN-2P2S
TR2(P1)
TR2
R2
10k
D2
1N4007
C2
1000u
TRAN-2P2S
TR3(P1)
TR3
R3
10k
D3
U1
1
10
9
8
30
29
28
27
22
21
20
19
26
25
24
23
18
17
16
15
RE3/MCLR/VPP
RE2/CS/AN7
RE1/WR/AN6
RE0/RD/AN5
RD7/PSP7/P1D
RD6/PSP6/P1C
RD5/PSP5/P1B
RD4/PSP4
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RB7/KBI3/PGD
RB6/KBI2/PGC
RB5/KBI1/PGM
RB4/KBI0/AN11
RB3/AN9/CCP2A
RB2/AN8/INT2
RB1/AN10/INT1
RB0/AN12/FLT0/INT0
RC7/RX/DT
RA7/OSC1/CLKI
RC6/TX/CK
RA6/OSC2/CLKO
RC5/SDO
RA5/AN4/SS/HLVDIN/C2OUT
RC4/SDI/SDA
RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT
RC3/SCK/SCL
RA3/AN3/C1IN+/VREF+
RC2/CCP1/P1A RA2/AN2/C2IN+/VREF-/CVREF
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2B
RA1/AN1/C2INRC0/T1OSO/T13CKI
RA0/AN0/C1IN-
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
RL1
G2R-14-AC120
MOTOR
13
14
7
6
5
4
3
2
PIC18F4620
3 phase power supply
1N4007
C3
1000u
TRAN-2P2S
Fig.4: Phase Fail Sensor Circuit Implementation on Proteus
3.4 Relay:

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Fig.5: Relays
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a

switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating principles are also used. Relays are used where it
is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation between control
and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal. The first relays were
used in long distance telegraph circuits, repeating the signal coming in from one circuit and retransmitting it to another. Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to
perform logical operations.
A type of relay that can handle the high power required to directly control an electric motor or other loads
is called a contactor. Solid-state relays control power circuits with no moving parts, instead using a
semiconductor device to perform switching. Relays with calibrated operating characteristics and
sometimes multiple operating coils are used to protect electrical circuits from overload or faults; in
modern electric power systems these functions are performed by digital instruments still called
"protective relays".
3.5 Transistor BC547:

We use transistor BC547 as a switch as shown in fig. below.
Fig.6:Transistor as a switch
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When we give 0v as input, transistor will not conduct & at the output we get Vcc as output(logic
1)and when 5v given to the base of Transistor then transistor will turn on & Vcc is grounded & hence at
the output we get 0v as output.
We also use transistor to switch the relay for turning on the water pump on & off. The figure for
this is as shown below. We are using same technique, but instead of bulb we are controlling DC motor,
Fig.
7: Relay Switching Circuit
3.6 GSM Interfacing Board

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Fig.8: GSM module

Introduction:
GSM (Global System for Mobile) / GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) TTL Modem is
SIM900 Quad-band GSM / GPRS device, works on frequencies 850 MHZ, 900 MHZ, 1800MHZ and
1900 MHZ. It is very compact in size and easy to use as plug in GSM Modem. The Modem is designed
with 3V3 and 5V DC TTL interfacing circuitry, which allows User to directly interface with 5V
Microcontrollers (PIC, AVR, Arduino, 8051, etc.) as well as 3V Microcontrollers (ARM, ARM Cortex
XX, etc.). The baud rate can be configurable from 9600-115200 bps through AT (Attention) commands.
This GSM/GPRS TTL Modem has internal TCP/IP stack to enable User to connect with internet through
GPRS feature. It is suitable for SMS as well as DATA transfer application in mobile phone to mobile
phone interface. The modem can be interfaced with a Microcontroller using USART (Universal
Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter) feature (serial communication).
Features:
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Quad Band GSM/GPRS : 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 MHz.

Built in RS232 to TTL or vice versa Logic Converter (MAX232).
Configurable Baud Rate.
SMA (Sub Miniature version A) connector with GSM L Type Antenna.
Built in SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) Card holder.
Built in Network Status LED.
Inbuilt Powerful TCP / IP (Transfer Control Protocol / Internet Protocol) stack for
internet data transfer through GPRS (General Packet Radio Service).
Audio Interface Connectors (Audio in and Audio out).
Most Status and Controlling pins are available.
Normal Operation Temperature : -20 C to +55 C.
Input Voltage : 5V to 12V DC.
DB9 connector (Serial Port) provided for easy interfacing.
Fig.9: GSM module Hardware Description

SIMCom SIM900A GSM Module:
This is actual SIM900 GSM module which is manufactured by SIMCom. Designed for
global market, SIM900 is a quad-band GSM/GPRS engine that works on frequencies GSM
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850MHz, EGSM 900MHz, DCS 1800MHz and PCS 1900MHz. SIM900 features GPRS multislot class
10/ class 8 (optional) and supports the GPRS coding schemes CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4. With a tiny
configuration of 24mm x 24mm x 3mm, SIM900 can meet almost all the space requirements in Users
applications, such as M2M, smart phone, PDA and other mobile devices.
Power On/Off and GSM On Switch:

Power On/Off switch is type of push-on push-off DPDT switch which is used for only
make power supply on/off provided through AC/DC Socket indicated by Power LED. GSM On
Switch is type of Push on DPST tactile switch which is used for only to make GSM module On
indicated by Module On/Off LED while initiating with Network indicated by Network
Indication LED.
Fig.10: GSM ON/OFF & Power ON/OFF switch

SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) Card Slot:
This onboard SIM card slot provide User functionality of insert a SIM (GSM only) card of any service
provider. Process of inserting and locking SIM card into SIM card slot is given in this manual. While
inserting in and removing out SIM card from SIM card slot, User needs to take precaution that power
supply should be OFF so that after making Power supply ON it will be easy to reinitialize with SIM for
this module.
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Indicator LEDs:
Indicator LEDs just used to indicate status accordingly. These are three LEDs represents Power On/Off
Status, Network Status and Module On/Off Status respectively. Power LED will keep on until the power
supply is enable to this board by using push-on push-off switch. Network Status LED will show whether
inserted SIM card successfully connected to service providers
Network or not, in short signal strength. Module On/Off indicator LED will show status of GSM
modules power on/off.
Power On/Off and Module On/Off process:

Here is the process how User should make power supply on/off and module on/off. First
User need to connect external power supply by using Battery / Adapter / Transformer. Now User needs to
press Power On/Off switch (It is push-on push-off switch, thus User need to push it to make power on and
push it again to make power supply off). Two LEDs will glow, one is
Power On/Off indicator LED and another one is Network Status LED (which glows continuous
to indicate no network or searching for network). After this User needs to press Module on switch
(denoted as PWR) for at least 2 seconds. As soon as Module On/Off LED will glow User can release this
switch, Network LED will blink to indicate signal strength.
Connecting GSM Module with Serial to USB converter through RXD, TXD and GND:
This module is designed in a way so that User can connect this module without Serial cable, this module
can be connected to any of Serial to USB converter module or cable. Here we have shown demo how to
connect this interfacing board with CP2102 Serial to USB converter Module through RXD, TXD and
GND. Connect CP2102 Serial to USB converter module to PC through USB cable, connect one end of
USB cable to PCs USB connector and connect another end of USB to CP2102 modules USB connector.
Connect three Single Berg Wires to CP2102 modules RXD, TXD and GND pin. Then connect RXD wire
to TXD of GSM module and TXD wire to RXD of GSM module. Make GND common by connecting
GND wire to GND pin of GSM module.

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CHAPTER 4
SOFTWARE USED

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4.1 :MPLAB IDE V8.60:

This software is used to write the code of our project.
Fig.11: MPLAB IDE V8.60

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CHAPTER 5
MERITS AND DEMERITS

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MERITS:
1. Reduces Human Efforts - It will reduce the human efforts as the farmer will only be
required to send a predefined sms to on and off the motor. There is no need for an extra labour to
stay at the motor side to off the motor.
2. Saves time If the user is busy in another work an cannot reach the field then still he can feed
the water to the field.
3. Increase life of motor Due to the use of different sensors that will protect the motor from
damaging.
4.Efficient use of resources Since this project also deals with the dry run of the motor, it will
reduce the wastage of electricity by turning off the motor in such case.
DEMERITS:
1
2
Due to illiteracy of farmers, they may have problem with operating the system.
GSM module may have problem of coverage.

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CHAPTER 6
FUTURE SCOPE AND APPLICATIONS

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FUTURE SCOPE
Water distribution system with automatic valve.

We can use this model on large area using Zigbee.
Farmer can control the system using voice commands.
APPLICATIONS
Garden watering system

Agriculture Lands.
Can be used in industries where motors are used.

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REFERENCES
1. R.suresh, S.Gopinath, K.Govindaraju, T.Devika, N.SuthanthiraVanitha, GSM based
Automated Irrigation Control using Rain gun Irrigation System International Journal of
Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering Vol. 3, Issue 2,
February 2014.
2. http://projectsarena.com/safety-implementation-of-3-phase-irrigation-motor-with-phasefault-protection-using-soil-moisture-sensor-and-temperature-sensor/
3. https://www.scribd.com/doc/17472293/Modern-Irrigation-Systems-Towards-Fuzzy
4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-phase_electric_power

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BE (E&TC)

Modern Irrigation System with Smart Protection

DNYANGANGA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH, PUNE

DNYANGANGA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH, PUNE

THREE PHASE POWER SUPPLY

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2.1. BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig.1: Block Diagram

Block Diagram Description:

Dry run protection:

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3.1. PIC P18F4520:

Fig.2: Microchip PIC IC

Reasons for selecting PIC18F4520:

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o An integrated LCD driver module, capable of driving 48 segments and 4

Program Memory Type

Program Memory (KB)

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CPU Speed (MIPS)

RAM Size (bytes)

Data EEPROM (bytes)

1-UART, 1-A/E/USART, 1-SPI,

Temperature Range (C)

Operating Voltage Range(V)

3.1.2: Pin Diagram:

Fig.3: Pin Diagram

AN0: Analog input 0

AN1: Analog input 1

AN2: Analog input 2

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AN3: Analog input3

CLKI: External clock

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CLKO: External clock

T1OSO :Timer1 oscillator

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D-: USB differential

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AN12: Analog input 12.

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KBI3: Interrupt-onchange pin.

3.2 Phase Fail Sensor:

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3 phase power supply

Fig.4: Phase Fail Sensor Circuit Implementation on Proteus

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A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a

3.5 Transistor BC547:

3.6 GSM Interfacing Board

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Fig.8: GSM module

Quad Band GSM/GPRS : 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 MHz.

Fig.9: GSM module Hardware Description

Power On/Off and GSM On Switch:

Fig.10: GSM ON/OFF & Power ON/OFF switch

Power On/Off and Module On/Off process:

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DNYANGANGA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH, PUNE

4.1 :MPLAB IDE V8.60: