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The below literature review shows the related aspect face by Mr Raju in his life after his wife
past a way. Two main discussion below highlights what may cause Mr. Raju behave in such a
way pushing himself to one corner and separating himself from others, this may cause by:
1. Aspergers Syndrome
2. Complicated Grief
Review one
Rehabilitation and Vocational Counseling for Adults with Aspergers Syndrome, by Jamie
Schutte from University of Pittsburgh on the 18th April 2008
Adults with Aspergers Disorder, despite being of typical intellectual ability, struggle without
supports in higher education and the workplace. The following literature review begins by
defining the population, specifically the social deficits, restricted and repetitive interests, sensory
issues, executive function deficits, and common co-morbid diagnoses of adults with Aspergers.
Social rehabilitation should revolve around cognitive behavior therapy, social skills groups,
education, and visual assistive technologies that promote generalization of skills. Cognitive
rehabilitation should include modifying the clients sensory environment to improve attention
and visual cues to promote memory and organization. Finally, implications for rehabilitation and
vocational counselors are discussed, including challenges and techniques for promoting success
in higher education and in the workplace. Specifically, the importance of forming a therapeutic
relationship, providing communication and social supports, and matching the job to the client are
highlighted. While this paper reviews interventions and strategies that are generally effective for
adults with Aspergers, each client should be considered on an individual basis and receive
distinctive services and supports.
The counseling technique
The following section will review counseling techniques to use when working with
clients with Aspergers, as well as specifics on how to meet educational and vocational support
needs.
Rehabilitation Counseling Techniques
Clients with Aspergers are likely to derive more benefit from counselors who provide
structure, directions, information, and suggestions than counselors who rely on reflection,
emotional encouragement, and support while clients develop their own solutions to problems. It
follows that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which, as previously described, has been
adapted for Aspergers and combined with psycho-education to enhance social and empathy
skills, has potential to be effective with this population. CBT is theorized to be a more effective
therapy than psychoanalysis and other psychotherapies that stress symbolic constructs,
introspection, and interpretation (Attwood, 2003; Cardaciotto & Herbert, 2004).
Challenges Individuals with Aspergers are likely seeking therapy as a result of pressure or
encouragement from others in their lives. If things are not going well at home or at work, family
members may suggest the individual seek counseling. Reaching out for help is not a common
reaction to difficulties of people with Aspergers (Ramsay, 2005)
An effective therapeutic relationship is vital to effective counseling. However, it is
difficult to form this relationship with someone whose primary deficits are in understanding and
engaging in social relationships (Ramsay et al., 2005; Hare & Flood, 2000). As previously
discussed, individuals with Aspergers have poor communication skills, making interpretation of
their verbal and non-verbal cues difficult. Clients may have poor eye contact, poor voice
modulation, inappropriate affect, or other idiosyncratic communication tendencies.
Perseverating on one topic or making odd metaphors is not uncommon. On the other hand, the
therapist must be aware that some comments made by clients should be taken entirely literally
(Ramsay et al., 2005).
Finally, be attentive. Even though individuals with Aspergers might not be as cued in to
social niceties as other clients, they have a history of negative social experiences and interacting
with a counselor should not be one of them. People with Aspergers appreciate those who are
reliably present, who make an honest attempt to understand them, and who offer specific and
useful guidance. Ask clients what they think about your, the counselors, statements and
behaviors. This is a useful activity to explore inaccurate interpretations and also for the therapist
Review two
2003). In the event of a loss, family and friends typically express concern
for and assist the grieving individual. However, those experiencing
complicated grief may place excessive demands on their social support
groups. The stress may alienate the social network and isolate the grieving
person. Grief counseling groups seem like an appropriate alternative
source of social support. In addition, groups can provide a means of
catharsis and a place to learn coping skills and stress management
techniques (MacNairSemands, 2004; Piper, et al., 2001; Sikkema, et al.,
2006). Furthermore, grief groups are often brief, which may offer some
relief to the suffering individual (Toth, 1997). The three theoretical
orientations that typically underlie counseling groups for treating
complicated grief are psychodynamic, interpersonal and cognitive
behavioral.
for patients suffering from complicated grief since 1986. The purpose of
such groups is to understand how underlying unresolved conflicts
contribute to current difficulties dealing with loss (Kipnes, et al., 2002;
MacNairSemands, 2004; Piper, et al., 2001). groups.
Interpretive
The primary objective for interpretive group therapy is to enhance
the patients insight about repetitive conflicts (both intrapsychic and
interpersonal) and trauma that are associated with the losses and that are
assumed to serve as impediments to experiencing a normal mourning
process (Piper, et al., 2001, p. 531). In addition, interpretive therapies seek
to help the patients develop a tolerance for ambivalence toward the people
they have lost. The role of the therapist is to create an atmosphere in
which clients can examine conflicts in a hereandnow experience. The
counselor encourages the client to find a balance of tension and comfort,
and helps the client to explore uncomfortable emotions (Ogrodniczuk, et
al., 2003). Instant praise and gratification are withheld with goal of helping
the client to better tolerate anxiety and tension. It is an active,
interpretive, and transferencefocused approach.
Supportive