Ratio Proportion and Rate

1.

The wavelength, w, of a radio signal is inversely proportional to its frequency, f.

When f = 200, w = 1500.
(a) Find an equation connecting f and w.

Answer (a) ..
[2]
(b) Find the value of f when w = 600.

Answer (b) f = ....

[1]
2.

The force of attraction (F) between two objects is inversely proportional to the
square of the distance (d) between them.
When d = 4, F = 30.
Calculate F when d = 8.

Answer F = .
[3]
3.

Hassan sells fruit and vegetables at the market.

(a) The mass of fruit and vegetables he sells is in the ratio
fruit : vegetables = 5 : 7.
Hassan sells 1.33 tonnes of vegetables.
How many kilograms of fruit does he sell?
[3]
(b) The amount of money Hassan receives from selling fruit and vegetables is in
the ratio
fruit : vegetables = 9 : 8.
Hassan receives a total of $765 from selling fruit and vegetables.
Calculate how much Hassan receives from selling fruit.
[2]
(c) Calculate the average price of Hassans fruit, in dollars per kilogram.
[2]

4.

A Spanish family went to Scotland for a holiday.

The total cost of the holiday was 4347.00.
In the family there were 2 adults and 3 children.
The cost for one adult was double the cost for one child.
Calculate the cost for one child.
[2]
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5.

A Spanish family went to Scotland for a holiday.

The plane took 3 hours 15 minutes to return to Spain.
The length of this journey was 2350 km.
Calculate the average speed of the plane in
(i)

kilometres per hour,

[2]

(ii) metres per second.

[1]
6.

A train completed a journey of 850 kilometres with an average speed of 80

kilometres per hour.
Calculate, giving exact answers, the time taken for this journey in
(i)

hours,
[2]

(ii) hours, minutes and seconds.

[1]
7.

A train took 10 hours 48 minutes to complete a journey of 850 kilometres.

(i)

It departed at 19 20.
At what time, on the next day, did this train complete the journey?
[1]

(ii) Calculate the average speed, in kilometres per hour, for the journey.
[2]
8.

The length, y, of a solid is inversely proportional to the square of its height, x.

(a) Write down a general equation for x and y.
Show that when x = 5 and y = 4.8 the equation becomes x2 y = 120.
[2]
(b) Find y when x = 2.
[1]
(c) Find x when y = 10
[2]
(d) Find x when y = x.
[2]
(e) Describe exactly what happens to y when x is doubled.
[2]
(f)

Describe exactly what happens to x when y is decreased by 36%.

[2]

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(g) Make x the subject of the formula x2y = 120.

[2]
9.

Maria, Carolina and Pedro receive $800 from their grandmother in the ratio
Maria : Carolina : Pedro = 7 : 5 : 4.
(a) Calculate how much money each receives.
[3]
(b) Maria spends

2
7

of her money and then invests the rest for two years at 5%

per year simple interest.

How much money does Maria have at the end of the two years?
[3]
(c) Carolina spends all of her money on a hi-fi set and two years later sells it at a
loss of 20%.
How much money does Carolina have at the end of the two years?
[2]
(d) Pedro spends some of his money and at the end of the two years he has $100.
Write down and simplify the ratio of the amounts of money Maria, Carolina
and Pedro have at the end of the two years.
[2]
10.
N orth

140

m
0k

m
1600 k
13
W

36
95

NOT TO SCALE

The diagram shows the positions of four cities in Africa, Windhoek ( W),
Johannesburg (J), Harari (H) and Lusaka (L).
WL = 1400 km and WH = 1600 km.
Angle LWH = 13, angle HWJ = 36 and angle WJH = 95.
(a) Calculate the distance LH.
[4]
(b) Calculate the distance WJ.
[4]
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(c) Calculate the area of quadrilateral WJHL.

[3]
(d) The bearing of Lusaka from Windhoek is 060.
Calculate the bearing of
(i)

Harari from Windhoek,

[1]

(ii) Windhoek from Johannesburg.

[1]
(e) On a map the distance between Windhoek and Harari is 8 cm.
Calculate the scale of the map in the form 1 : n.
[2]
11. The scale of a map is 1:20 000 000.
On the map, the distance between Cairo and Addis Ababa is 12 cm.
(i)

Calculate the distance, in kilometres, between Cairo and Addis Ababa.

[2]

(ii) On the map the area of a desert region is 13 square centimetres.

Calculate the actual area of this desert region, in square kilometres.
[2]
12. (i)

The actual distance between Cairo and Khartoum is 1580 km.

On a different map this distance is represented by 31.6 cm.
Calculate, in the form 1 : n, the scale of this map.
[2]

(ii) A plane flies the 1580 km from Cairo to Khartoum.

It departs from Cairo at 11 55 and arrives in Khartoum at 14 03.
Calculate the average speed of the plane, in kilometres per hour.
[4]
13. Each year a school organises a concert.
(i)

In 2006 the number of tickets sold was 210.

The ratio
Number of adult tickets: Number of student tickets was 23 : 19.

How many adult tickets were sold?

[2]
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(ii) Adult tickets were $2.50 each and student tickets were $1.50 each.
Calculate the total amount received from selling the tickets.
[2]
(iii) In 2006 the cost of organising the concert was $ 410.
Calculate the percentage profit in 2006.
[2]
14. Vreni took part in a charity walk.
She walked a distance of 20 kilometres.
Part of the 20 kilometres was on a road and the rest was on a footpath.
The ratio road distance : footpath distance was 3 : 2.
(i)

Work out the road distance.

[2]

(ii) Vreni walked along the road at 3 km/h and along the footpath at 2.5 km/h.
Vreni walked along the road at 3 km/h and along the footpath at 2.5 km/h.
How long, in hours and minutes, did Vreni take to walk the 20 kilometres?
[2]
(iii) Work out Vrenis average speed.
[1]
(iv) Vreni started at 08 55. At what time did she finish?
[1]
15. Vreni took part in a charity walk.
She walked a distance of 20 kilometres.
On a map, the distance of 20 kilometres was represented by a length of 80
centimetres.
The scale of the map was 1 : n.
Calculate the value of n.
[2]
16. Beatrice has an income of $40 000 in one year.
After she has paid her tax, rent and bills, she has $12 000.
Beatrice divides the $12 000 between shopping and saving in the ratio
shopping : saving = 5 : 3.
(i)

Calculate how much Beatrice spends on shopping in one year.

[2]

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(ii) What fraction of the original $40 000 does Beatrice save?
Give your answer in its lowest terms.
[1]
17.
N orth
N orth

80

40 km
115

60 km

Island

NOT TO SCALE

To avoid an island, a ship travels 40 kilometres from A to B and then 60 kilometres

from B to C.
The bearing of B from A is 080 and angle ABC is 115.
(a) The ship leaves A at 11 55.
It travels at an average speed of 35 km/h.
Calculate, to the nearest minute, the time it arrives at C.
[3]
(b) Find the bearing of
(i)

A from B,
[1]

(ii) C from B.
[1]
(c) Calculate the straight line distance AC.
[4]
(d) Calculate angle BAC.
[3]
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(e) Calculate how far C is east of A.

[3]
18. Marcus receives $800 from his grandmother.
He decides to spend $150 and to divide the remaining $650 in the ratio
savings : holiday = 9 : 4.
Calculate the amount of his savings.

Answer $ ...
[2]
19. A company makes two models of television.
Model A has a rectangular screen that measures 44 cm by 32 cm.
Model B has a larger screen with these measurements increased in the ratio 5 : 4.
(a) Work out the measurements of the larger screen.

Answer (a) cm by cm
[2]
(b) Find the fraction

model A screen area

model B screen area

in its simplest form.

Answer (b)
[1]
20. The Canadian Maple Leaf train timetable from Toronto to Buffalo is shown below.
Toronto

1030

Oakville

1052

Aldershot

1107

Grimsby

1141

St Catharines

1159

Niagra Falls

1224

Buffalo

1325

(a) How long does the journey take from Toronto to Buffalo?

Answer (a) h ... min

[1]
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(b) This journey is 154 kilometres. Calculate the average speed of the train.

Answer (b) .km/h

[2]
21. The quantity y varies as the cube of (x + 2).
y = 32 when x = 0.
Find y when x = 1.

Answer y = .
[3]
22. M is proportional to the cube of r.
When r = 3, M = 21.6.
When r = 5, find the value of M.

Answer M =
[3]
23. The quantity p varies inversely as the square of (q + 2).

p = 5 when q = 3.
Find p when q = 8.

Answer p = ..
[3]
24. A spray can is used to paint a wall.
The thickness of the paint on the wall is t. The distance of the spray can from the
wall is d.
t is inversely proportional to the square of d.

t = 0.2 when d = 8.
Find t when d = 10.
Answer t = .
[3]

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