STATCOM Operation Scheme of The CDSM-MMC During A Pole-To-Pole DC Fault

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STATCOM Operation Scheme of the

CDSM-MMC during a Pole-to-Pole DC
Fault
Introduction:
Compared with classical line-commutated converter based
HVDC (LCC-HVDC) systems, HVDC systems based on voltagesource converters (VSC-HVDC) offer significant advantages, such as
independent control of reactive and active power exchange with the
connected ac network, reduced harmonic distortion of ac-side
currents, and avoidance of commutation failures owing to ac network
disturbances. As one of the most promising VSCs, the modular
multilevel converter (MMC) is especially suitable for VSC-HVDC
configurations because of its highly modular structure, elimination of
the need for multiple transformers, and reduction of the sizes of acside and dc-side filters. Despite these strengths, the conventional
MMC adopting half-bridge submodules (HBSM-MMC) suffers from
poor dc fault performance. When a pole-to-pole dc fault occurs,
capacitors in the HBSM-MMC are discharged rapidly because of the
freewheeling effect of diodes, and the freewheeling diodes experience
high fault current and may be damaged
Existing system:
The LCC-HVDC system, a dc-side short-circuit fault of the
MMC causes interruption of power transmission, which can lead to
voltage instability in the connected ac system, especially when the ac
system is weak. Tthe technology of high-voltage (HV) dc breakers
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has not been fully developed. Hence, the dc fault protection scheme is
one of the major concerns with regard to MMC-based HVDC
systems. From the perspective of the converter, the MMC is expected
to limit the fault current quickly without opening the ac breakers to
protect the semiconductor devices and reserve the capacitor energies.
Moreover, extra reactive power provided by an additional static
synchronous compensator (STATCOM) or the converter itself greatly
improves the ac bus voltage stability during a fault condition.
Therefore, in terms of the ac grid, the converter is also expected to
work as a STATCOM to ride through dc faults
Disadvantages:
Dc-side short-circuit fault of the MMC causes interruption of
power transmission
Lead to voltage instability in the connected ac system
Need for multiple transformers
Proposed system:
Each phase consists of an upper arm and a lower arm. Each arm
is formed by series-connected CDSMs (SMs) and one inductor. When
the CDSM-MMC is operating under normal condition, the clamp
IGBT shown in Figure is always switched on. Thus, a CDSM can be
treated as two series-connected HBSMs. Consequently, the
modulation schemes and control strategies of the conventional
HBSM-MMC can be simply transplanted to the CDSM-MMC. The
CDSM-MMC is able to protect the semiconductors and limit the dc
fault current during dc faults. The dc-link current, dc-link voltage, and
pole-to-ground voltages are measured or calculated to detect and
classify the fault. An activating threshold current is set to be three
times the size of the rated dc-link current. If the dc-link current
exceeds the activating threshold and, in the meantime, the dc-link
voltage drops to almost zero, then a pole-to-pole dc fault is detected.
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If the dc-link current drops to zero, then the fault type is a broken line
fault. If only one pole-to-ground voltage drops to zero, then the fault
type is a pole-to-ground fault.
Blocked CDSM
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Call: 0413-4205444, +91 9566355386, 99625 88976.
Advantages:
Reactive power control provided by the CDSM-MMC,
limited dc fault current,
Reserved and balanced the energies stored in capacitors.
Applications:
Power transmission applications.
Block diagram:

STATCOM Operation Scheme of The CDSM-MMC During A Pole-To-Pole DC Fault

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STATCOM Operation Scheme of The CDSM-MMC During A Pole-To-Pole DC Fault

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