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INTRODUCTION
Contents
INTRODUCTION
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PLANT DESIGN
PROCESS DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
FLOWSHEET DEVELOPMENT
COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN
COST ESTIMATION
PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENTS
OPTIMUM DESIGN
OPTIMUM ECONOMIC DESIGN
OPTIMUM OPERATION DESIGN
PRACTICAL CONSIDERATION IN DESIGN
ENGINEERING ETHICS IN DESIGN
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DESIGN
DESIGN
Design definition
- creative activity and is defined as the synthesis,
the putting together of ideas to achieve a desired
purpose or
the creation of manufacturing
process to fulfil a particular need.
Process design
is the sequence of chemical and physical
operations; operating conditions or the general
arrangement of equipment needed to ensure
proper functioning of the plant
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Process Design:
It includes group of items which could be prepared on paper before
implementing it, such as flow sheets, material balance, energy balance,
and specification sheets.
Plant Design:
It includes plant location and plant layout.
Team work
Most effective design is when a design team
members are familiar with fundamental and general
aspects of other engineers in the design team
Leadership of project manager and management is
critical in the success of the project
Consideration of Business aspects of the design is a
critical factor
Failure to consider all the design aspects can create
safety, economic and process challenges.
Failure examples
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Plant
Design includes all engineering aspects
involved in the development of either a new, modified,
or expanded industrial plant. In this development, the
chemical engineer will be making economic
evaluations of new processes, designing individual
pieces of equipment for the proposed new venture,
or developing a plant layout for coordination of the
overall operation. Because of these many design
duties, the chemical engineer is many times referred to
here as a design engineer.
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FLOWSHEET DEVELOPMENT
FLOWSHEET DEVELOPMENT
Once the process concept has been designed which produces process flow sheet,
Distillation
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COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN
Various types of computer programs and techniques are used to carry out the
design of individual pieces of equipment or to develop the strategy for a full
plant design. This application of computer usage in design is designated as
computer-aided design
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COST ESTIMATION
COST ESTIMATION
is
sometimes
called
guesstimation
but
the
Cost Estimation
In finalizing the process and equipment design, several stages of economic analysis
could be conducted
First step;
EP 1 = Revenue Cost of Raw Material
Second Step (after mass balance developed)
EP 2 = Revenue Cost of Raw Material - Utility
Third Step (after equipments designed)
EP 3 = Revenue Cost of Raw Material Utility Annualised Cost of Equipment
The economics analysis continues with other costs (manpower, insurance etc) .
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with profitability analysis conducted at the end to assess project viability
Since all physical assets of an industrial facility decrease in value with age, it is
normal practice to make periodic charges against earnings so as to distribute the
first cost of the facility over its expected service life.
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