PRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI)
VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM
XILPhysice Chapterd 19, Pagel 13
19.16 PROBLEMS:
Problem # 19.1
When the chlorine atom of mass numbers 35 and charge number 17, is
bombarded by Proton, the resulting disintegrates, emitting an a-particle, Write the
equation representing the reaction,
CPS +H! ———» 6S” + He"
. (alpha particle)
Problem # 19.2 “
‘The half life of Radon is 3.80 days. What would be its decay constant?
Solution:
3.80 days 7, 20.593
: x
T, =328320see 70893
0.693
* 328320
Problem # 19.3
The atomie weight’of Bromine is 79.938u and it is composed of two isotopes of
mass 78.943u and 80,9421i compute the percentage of each isotopes
Solution:
Let the piart of the 1" isotope be X and that of 2™ isotope be (1- X).
78.943 X + (1- X) 80.942 = 79.938
78.943 x + 80.942 ~ 80.942 X= 79.938
+1.999x= + 1.004
= 1008
1.999
X = 0.502 .
Percentage of I“ isotope = 0.502 x 100
50.2%
Percentage of 2™ isotope = 100 - 50.2
= 49.8%PRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI)
VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM
hyaies Ghapterd 19, Pagot 14
Problem # 19.4
The half of ye4Po""” is 140 days. By what percent does its activity will decrease
per week?
Data:
=140days
t= IL week
Percentage decrease in activity per week =?
let the initial activity be A.
A=ANy
And activity after one week be A’
A= aN
Describe is activity per week = A-A’
= 2N-AN
=2M-NS— @O
A= 0.03465, week
From the law of radio activity decay
N=Ne*
NeNgeemeset
N20.566 Ny
eq.@)> Decrease in activity per week = 2 (No- 0.966 Ny)
= ANy(1- 0.966)
= 0.034 .No
0.0344Ny
Percentage decrease in activity per week = ——-—* x 100. .
2.03409 99
aN,
= 34%PRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI)
VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM
Xi-Physies Chapter 19, Page# 15
Problem # 19.5
Ifa neutron would be entirely converted into energy, how much energy would be
produced? Express your answer in joules as well as electron volts.
Data:
my = 1.008665u
EineV=?
Ein} =?
E= my x 931.5
E= 1.008665 x 931.5
E= 939.6 Mev
E= 939.6 x 10%eV
Eind = Eine x 1.6 x 10"
Ein] = 939.6 x 1.6 x10”
Problem # 19.6
Find the binding energy of Te". Giver!
mp = 1.00780
my = 1.0086u
mre = 125.9033u .
lu. = 931.5 Mey.
Solution
No. of protohs” = 52
No. of N@jitfons = 126-52
”
Mass of Thin free stable
OM = 52mp + 74 my
M=S2x 1.0078 + 74 x 1.0086
M= 52.4056 + 74.6364
M= 127.0420
Mass Defect
Am =M=mn
Am = 127.042 ~ 125.9033
Am = 1.13870
E = Am x 931.5
E = 1.1387 x 9315PRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI)
VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM
Problem # 19.7
Af the number of atom per gramine of Ra” is 2.666 x 10?! and it devays with a
half life of 1622 years. Find the decays constant and the activity of the sample. (2013)
Data:
Np = 2.666 x 10
Ty ~ 1622 years ~ 5.11 x 10" see
Solution:
T, A= 1353010" x 2.666 x 10"
0.693
Sar x 10
Problem # 19.8
‘What will be the maxipnun energy electron in the beta decay of |H? through the
reaction,
AY> 3.61 x 10"° disintezration/see
He» GHe’ +B
Data:
masg of jH® = 3.016049u
fas of ,H’e= 3.016029u
BA?
Solution:
Mass defect
Am = mass of ;H? ~ mass of 2H?
‘Am = 3.016049 ~ 3.016029
41 x 10% w
E= Am x 931.5
E=2x 10% x 9315
Ea 0.0186 Mev
Am=PRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI)
VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM
XILPhysies Chaptor# 19, Page 17
Problem # 19.9
Find the Q-value for nuclear reaction,
oa (Pd) Ca"
Data:
Mass of Ca? = 41,9280
Mass of Ca" = 41.91180
Mass of Proton = 1.00780
Mass of electron= 2.014102u
Q-Value =?
aaCa + gH! ———> Cat + HP
mass of reactant, m; = 41.928 + 1.0078
m, = 42.9358u
mass of product, my = 41.9118 + 2.014102
my = 43.926u
Mass defect
~ Am=m; +m
‘Am = 43.926 ~ 42.9358
Am =0.9902u
Qvalue = Am x 931.5
Quvalue = 0.9902 x 931.5
[Q-value = 924 MeV.
Problem # 19.10
Find the energy reléased when two deuterium (/H?) nuclei fuse together to form
an alpha particle (He).
may Fticuterium ~ 2.014102u
{ass of alpha particle = 4.026034
¥
"Solution?
1H? +H? ————> Het
Mass of reactant, my = 2.014102 + 2.014102
m= 4.0282u
‘Mass Defect
Am = mass of two deutes
Am = 4.0282 ~ 4.002603
Am = 0.0256u
E=Amx 931.5
0.0256 x 931.5
3.82 MeV]
1m = mass of alpha particlePRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI)
VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM
[Physics Chaptort 19, Page 18
19.17 SOLVED NUMERICALS OF PAPERS:
YEAR 2013:
(Question# 19.7 of Book)
YEAR 201
Q.2(xii) Find the binding energy and binding fraction (Packing fraction) in meV
Ans.
of ,,T" given that
25.9033U,
m,=1.0078U,, im, = 1.00866U , m=
[BE = 1.06 x 103 Me’
P= 8.418 MeV? Nucleos]
YEAR 2010:
Q.2(xii)A deuteron (3.3431 x 107” kg) is formed wheita proton (1.6724 x 10™kg)
combine; calculate the mass defect and Bidding Energy (in Mev) and a
neutron (1.6748 x 10°” kg)
Data:
Mass of deuteron = A=3.3431.x 10%" kg
Mass of Proton My = 1.6724 x 107” kg
Mass of Neutron = My = 126748 x 107” kg
No. of Proton 2ay
No. of Neutrons =>
Mass defect = n=? BE=?
Solution:
‘Am = m—A‘< (Zmp + NMy) ~ A
‘Am = (1x 16724 x 1077 + 1.6748 x 107) — A
Am (6724 x 1077 + 1.6748 x 1077)— A
‘drm 73.3472 x 1077 - 3.3431 x 1077
“ah = 0.0041 x 107” kg
Now
BE = AmC? = (4.1 x 10°) (3 x 10°)?
BE=4.1x 10x 9x 10
[BE = 3.69 x 10" Joul
But lev=1.6x 10” JoulePRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI)
VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM
Cchapterd 19, Paget 12
XILPhys
YEAR 200!
Q.8(@)If the number of atoms per gram of gRa™ is 2.666 x 10" and it decay with
Half Life of 1622 years. Find the decay constant and the activity of the
sample.
Solution: [SIMILAR TO QUESTION NO. 19.7]
Answer: a) R= 1.35 x 10 sec"!
b) Activity = A=3.59 x 10° decay / see
YEAR 2006:
Q.8(4)The Half Life of Po" is 140 days. By what percent does its activity
decrease per week?
[SIMILAR TO QUESTION NO.19.4]
oy OA = 3.465%
‘A
YEAR 2003:
If a neutron is converted gntiFely into energy, how much energy is
produced? Express your dgswer is joule and in electron volt.
Given my = 1.67x102.KB = 3x10" mis’,
Dat E=(1.67x107)( 3x10"F
my =¢1,67%1077*8
ge 3x10° mis
‘Energy = B=?
a) in Jole Energy in'eV
b) inev
As leV= 16x10
i y
Eom micas a ea hs0snt0”
~ 16x10”PRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI)
VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM
Xt/-Physios Chapter# 19, Paget 20
YEAR 2001:
Find the binding energy of s: T."* in MeV if the mass of a portion is
1.0078u, mass of neutron = 1.0086u, mass of T, atom = 125.9033u.
Data: M = 52x 1.0078 + 74 x 1.00876
mp = 1,0078u M = 127.042u,
my = 1.00860
A = 125.0033u
BE of xTe*
27.042 ~ 125.9033
Solution: 13870
No. of protons = Z = 52 As lu =931.5 MeV
No. of neutrons = 126-52 J. BE=Amx 9303
N=74 BE= 1139749315
‘Mass of nucleus in free state
MaZM, NN
YEAR 1985: -
The half life of radon is 3280:days, What is the decay constant for radon?
Data: 0.693
T, =3.80 Dav Nes>
on 4, — 2:99
Solution:
80 x 24 x 3600
= 328320 sec.