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RECAPITULARE
something nothing
much
- In locul tau nu l-a~ cumpara.
- Poti sa-mi dai vreo
informatie?
- Daca voi avea bani, voi cumpara"
o cama~a noua.
- Ea trebuie sa scrie scrisoarea.
- Este eel mai bun film pe care I-am vazut.
little
anything
Is there any information (that)
you can give me?
few
everything
It is the best film (that) I have seen.
b) Dupa urmatoarele cuvinte:
If I have money I will buy
a new shirt.
If I were you I would not buy it.
Verbul auxiliar modal "modal" are doar 0 forma de prezent. La trecut ~i viitor se folose~te in
locullui verbul "to have to".
c) Dupa adjectivele "any" ~i "only":
She has to write the leter.
a) Dupa un superlativ:
2. Propozitia conditionala de tipul II se refera la prezent, iar indeplinirea conditiei este putin
probabila sau imposibila:
3. Verbul auxiliar modal "must" - exprima necesitatea, obligatia. Must poate fi inlocuit cu "to
have to" - care nu este un verb auxiliar modal.
Exersati cuvintele noi ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:
Aceasta lectie este consacrata problemelor legislative. Cititi cu voce tare
subsantivele noi ~i retineti traducerea lor in limba romana:
,.. ,..
..,
The law forbids some things. > [DZa 10: forbidz sam T'm(glz] - Legea interzice unele lucruri.
"Shoplifters take things out of shops without paying for them."
There are more and
more robberies.
Theft is stealing other
people's things.
There are many burglaries
every day.
fa r D'em]
amenda, p enalizare
prizonier, detinut
Aceasta este impotriva legii?
hot de magazine
criminal
spargere
spargator
lege
hot
hot de buzunare
infractiune, erima
politie
Politia cauta doi oameni.
Hotii de buzunare trebuie sa fie foarte rapizi.
Multi criminali nu sunt in inchisoare.
A prisoner has escaped.
Hotii pot fi periculo~i.
Furtul de ma~ini este 0 infractiune serioasa?
Cand a avut loc spargerea aceea?
Detinutii au stat mult timp in inchisoare.
Spargatorul ~i-a rupt piciorul in casa noastra.
Shoplifters take things
~
very brutal. veri bru:tl] foarte brutal.
I hope he will go to prison > [ai haup hI: lid gau tu prizn - Sper ca va ajunge la inchisoare
for a long time. fo:' a ]on(gl tann] pentru multa vreme.
innocent > [inasant] inocent, nevinovat
guilty > [giltl] vinovat
obviously > [obviaslI] (in mod) evident
outrageous > [autre/dps] imoral, revoltator
brutal > [bru:tl] brutal, crud
Traduceti propozitiile din text in limba romana:
8
>[dld hI: kanfcs
tll [Ya robanz]
> [hi: rabd (en nt;; pi:pl]
> [D/a pali:s arcstld hI:m
a:ftaf ]ukin(g) fa:' hun
fo. l tu: man f'J
> [les hI: dId]
> [hI:Z a krimml]
> ["az hI: proSlklll:tId]
> [End [Yen hI: "az sen(anst
(ll tcn la'z]
> ["ot kralln dId hi kamit]
Yes, he was. > [les hI: Uaz]
He robbed ten rich people.
What crime did he commit?
Beware of this man!
Did he confess
to the robberies?
Yes, he did.
He's a criminal.
The police arrested him
after looking for him
for two months.
And then he was sentenced
to ten years.
Cititi propozitile separat ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:
Was he prosecuted?
>[lYeiua.l tClkn
tll IYa pali:s stcisn]
> [IZ ma"da' fYa mallst
si'! las krcl/ITI]
> [D/a deT' sentans
did nol skea' him]
> [[Yea' IZ lIlafc\'ldansj
> [hI' got a lan(g' sentans]
>1 daz hi: ft:l enlllmo:'sj
> [Ia~t "L k <11 got "an
fa, spi dmlg1j
> ["a t dll ill, T'lI1lglk
a\ hal blhe/\ la']
> L-Ill [Yel get kEpit!
panlSl1lant]
> [IYel 3:' giltl a\' blEkmell]
> [ iz It 11cllln hu'
D/,lllla,'dara'"azj
> [till Ill, ofi! get a tibt]
UCtga::;11 au tost arestali.
Dovezlle sunt putine.
Pollllstul i-a intocmit un proces verbal.
I)nll oalOeni ered ca pedeapsa capitala
este t':lra rost.
There is enough evidence.
Is murder the most
serious crime?
Do they get capital
punishment?
Last week I got one
for speeding.
Postul de polItIC este langa hotel.
Is it known who
the murderer was?
Do you often get a ticket?
Santalul t'~te adesea profitabil.
Ce pedt"apsa au primit?
Comportamenrullor este foarte ciudat.
He got a long sentence.
Does he feel any remorse?
What do you think
of her behaviour?
They are guilty of blackmail.
Siiptamiina aceasta au avut loc trei crime.
The death sentence
did not scare him.
They were taken
to the police-station.
Desigur, pute~i deja sa tladuce~i cuvintele noi in limba engleza:
::::-1
lnterogativul se formeazti prin inversiunea ordinii subiectului cu forma corespunztitoare a verbului -
t~~;~;::::..
to be. Nega!ia se formeazti prin adtiugarea la forma corespunztitoare a verbului to be a adverbului 1:::::::::1\:::-.
de nega!ie not. De exemplu: i:" .:'
Where are you going to spend your holiday? - Unde iti vei petrece concediul? it;::!::'
I" .
She was not going to visit us yesterday. - Ea nu a avut de gand sa ne viziteze ieri. !
condamnare la moarte
dovada
lata aIte cateva cuvinte noi. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i retineti sensullor:
Completati urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:
relieved >lnli.vd] - u~urat
sufficient > [safi~ant) - suficient
violent >l valalant] - violent
decent >l di:sant) - decent, cumsecade
envious (ot) >l en\'las) - invidios (pe)
::
decent
Most people are decent.
What a gentle person she is!
Este suficient ulei?
He was relieved when
he was not prosecuted.
Traduceti urmatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:
Fii amabil cu ei!
The thief said he was envious
of rich people.
Sunt intotdeauna atat de violenti?
Nu are rost sa fi invidios.
Is this sufficient for today?
He has always been
a violent man.
lata cuvintele noi in propozitii:
Ace~tia sunt oameni decenti.
Te-ai simtit u~urat ~i tu?
lata acum cateva verbe noi. Citili-le cu atenlie ~i invatati semnificatia lor:
- Oricine vede holul,
trebuie sa anunle polilia.
- Orice ma~ina
ai alege, te va costa
mult.
- Orice s-ar intimpla,
te voi ajuta.
- oricare, orice
- oricine, oricare
- mice
> Whichever house you buy It wJll be too small
for your fatTIlly.
> Whatever you WrIte it will be all right.
> Whoever asks me for money, 1will refuse him.
> l hu eva']
> [tlJt~c\a']
kanviktJd]
> l "lks man Ps ag;iu samhodi
lIpo:'(Jd a ma:'da'
tll fYa pali:s]
> l D/a pali.s falJlld aul DiEt
sambodJ els bEd kamilld
D/a ham!]
20
lata noile cuvinte intr-o alta ordine. Fiti atenti la pronuntie ~i retineti
corespondentul lor in limba romana:
Sa revenim la problemele legislative, dar yom studia alte teme. Daca pana
acum ne-am ocupat de expresiile legislatiei penale, in continuare yom
face cuno~tinta cu expresii ale legislatiei civile:.
wedding > [\ledin();)] nunta
wedding-day > [\ledin();) dei] ziua nuntii
wedding-ring > ["edin();) rin(g)] verigheta
God, god > [god] Dumnezeu, divinitate
bride > [braid] mireasa
guest > [gest] musafir, invitat
bachelor > [bEt~ala'] celibatar
bridegroom > [braidgru:m] mire
mamage > [mEridj] casatorie
divorce > [divo:'s] divort
relatives > [relati:vz] rude
service > [sa:'vis] serviciu, ceremonie
lata cuvintele noi in propozitii. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:
- Ceremonia a fost impresionanta.
- Au fost acolo toate rudele tale?
- Mireasa a intfirziat.
- Cand va avea loc nunta lor?
- El a cumparat verighete
scumpe.
- Doamne, ajuta-ma!
- Ei spun ca mariajul va dura
o ve~nicie.
- Mirele este foarte inalt.
- Cfiti invitati au fost acolo?
- Sunt multe divorturi
in fiecare an.
- Ce nunta minunata
a fost!
- Acest barbat este celibatar.
"The bridegroom is very tall."
22
>["a .' 0.1 io:' rclati.vz IYea']
>[hau meni gests "a.' D/ea']
>[DZIS mEn iz a bEt::;ala']
>[god help mi:]
>[D1a braidgru:m lZ ven to:l]
>["ot a hlU:td1tl"edin(g)
DIEt "oz]
>[hl: bo:t lkspensiv
"edin(g) rin(glz]
> ["en iz Dlel' UeulIllgl dei]
>[ D/ci sci mEnu] iz
(orcva']
>[D/3 sa:'vis "oz lmpreslv]
>[DZa braid U oz leit]
>[ Olea' a I mcni divo:'SIZ
evn la']
23
Sa revenim la pronumele relative.
Traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza, pentru a Ie retine cat mai bine:
> bndegroom
> di\ orce
> guest
> weddl11g-ring
> bnde
> sen Ice
> God
> relatIves
> wedding-day
> wedding
> bachelor
> marnage
- I'm glad I'm a> bachelor
- He said he would never forget his
>wedding-day.
- They were late for the> service.
- Were you one of the > guest~'?
- How long has the> bndeknown him?
- The> bndegroomis my brother.
- Everybody talked about their >divorce.
- I know there is > God
- > Marriage is not for me.
- I will not be at their >wedding.
- Have you bought the> wedding-rings yet?
- The> bride and the> bndegroom have
few>relatives.
mireasa
divort
musafrr
verigheta
serviciu, ceremonie
ruda, rude
celibatar
mire
Pronumele relative aflate la inceputul propozitiilor relative restrictive, pot fi omise in anumite
cazuri.
ziua nuntii
casatorie
Dumnezeu
nunta
Au intarziat la ceremonie.
El a spus ca nu va uita niciodata
ziua nuntii sale.
De cat timp 11 cuno$tea mireasa?
Ai cumparat deja verighetele?
Mirele este fratele meu.
lata un alt exercitiu: completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:
Casatoria nu este pentru mine.
Nu voi fi acolo la nunta lor.
~tiu ca exista Dumnezeu.
Mireasa $i mirele au putine rude.
Ma bucur ca sunt celibatar.
Toata lumea a vorbit despre divortullor.
Ai fost unul dintre musafiri?
Is the car (which) you drove yesterday expensive? - Este scumpa ma~ina pe care ai condus-o ieri?
Traduceti in limba engleza frazele care contm propozitii secundare relative. Daca este cazul, omiteti
pronumele relative, conform regulii anterioare:
- religios
- fericit
>The car J bought last week
IS \ ery fast.
- incredibil
- necasatorit, celibatar
- enorm, una~
>These people. whom I have known for a long
time, were fired yesterday.
>The woman who IS walkmg there is
my father's sIster
-Iogodit
> The potatoes we have dug are small.
> The house wc have built is not very high.
> This chair, which IS VClY old,
IS not for sale.
> The policeman that arrested the criminal
said that It hadn't been easy.
> Where have you bought the suit
you are weanng')
- Nu pierde biletul pe care ti I-a dat.
- ~tirea pe care a auzit-o, a fost foarte proasta.
- Oamenii pe care i-am vizitat, au fost
foarte draguti cu mine.
- Iti place cartea pe care ai citit-o?
24
> [singl]
> [mkrBdlbal]
> [nlidJas]
>[mo:1mas]
>[hEpI]
>[mgeldjd]
Don't lose the ticket (which) he has given to you.
lata acum cateva cuvinte noi:
religious
single
incredible
De exemplu:
Unde ai cumparat costumul
pe care tocmai il porti?
Ma~ina pe care am cumparat-o saptamana trecuta,
este foarte rapida.
Cartofii pe care i-am scos, sunt mici.
Ace~ti oameni pe care ii cunosc demult,
au fost concediati ieri.
Casa pe care am construit-o nu este foarte inalta.
happy
enormous
Do you like the book (that) you have read?
Acest scaun, care este foarte vechi,
nu este de vanzare.
The people (whom) I visited were
very nice to me.
engaged
The news (which) we heard was very bad.
Femei~ care se plimba acolo,
este sora tatalui meu.
Politistul care I-a arestat pe infractor,
a spus ca nu a fost u~or.
25
Cititi unnatoarele propozitii in limba engleza in care am folosit cuvintele noi:
Ati reu~it desigur, sa retineti cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba engleza:
- Ace~ti oameni sunt
foarte religio~i.
- E~ti inca necasatorit?
- Ei vor locui intr-o
casa enonna.
- Divortul lor este incredibil.
- De cfmd sunt logoditi?
- A fost cea mai fericita zi
din viata lor.
> religious
> single
> mcredible
> happy
> engaged
> enormous
- They have been >engaged for only
a short time.
- Were you >happy?
- This is an >enormous garden.
- It is >incredible that he is already here.
- She said that she wanted to stay >single
- Are these people >rehgious?
>[sms lien hEy DZei
bi:n mgeldjd]
> [D'ei a:' gaum(g) tu Iiv
in an ino"mas haus]
> [It "oz DZa hEpiast del
a\' D/ei' lalvz]
>[a:' Ill: stll singl]
> [D/t:z pi:pl a:'
\en rilidjas]
>[D'd divo:'s iz inkredlbal]
Sa revenim la vorbirea indirecta:
1. Propozi{ii condi!ionale
fericit
religios
enonn, uria~
necasatorit, celibatar
incredibil
logodit
Ea a spus ca vrea sa ramana necasatorita.
Aceasta este 0 gradina imensa.
Este incredibil ca el este deja aici.
Smce when have they
been engaged?
Ai fost fericit?
Are you still single?
Ei au fost logoditi doar pentru
scurt timp.
in cazul vorbirii indirecte In propozi!ia condi!ionald de tipull, timpul verbului se schimbii
conform regulii de concordan{ii a timpurilor (timpul prezent se schimba In timp trecut):
Sunt religio~i ace~ti oameni?
Their divorce is incredible.
Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele noi:
These people are
very religious.
They are going to live
in an enonnous house.
It was the happiest day
of their lives.
Pe baza regulilor enuntate anterior, traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:
Mama mea a spus ca daca ar vrea sa mearga acolo, - My mother Said that if she wanted to go there
s-ar duce. she would go
sworn >[s"o:'n]
26
>[tu bIli.v]
> [tu mEriJ
forma a II-a
>[tLl divo:'s]
swore> f SuO"]
> l tu atcnd]
> [tu sUea']
it is time
I wish
Peter said "If I have time I will
go to the cinema".
Mary said "If I had had the money earlier
I would have paid for the car."
Mary said "It's time I went home."
Peter said "I wish I had a house."
John said "If I were you I would not
do it."
swear> [SUe,I']
Verbul "to swear" este neregulat. Formele sale sunt:
2. Expresii dupd care Propozifia secundard trece la timpul Simple Past. in urmdtoarele expresii
se schimbd timpul verbului:
in cazul propozifiilor condifionale de tipulII ~i III, timpul verbului rdmiine neschimbat, de
exemplu:
to swear
to believe
Timpul verbului din propozifiile secundare care urmeazddupd aceste expresii, nu se schimbd.
latd doud exemple:
John a spus ca daca s-ar fi insurat cu Mary,
atunci ar fi fost fericit.
to marry
formal
Peter a spus ca daca ar avea bani destui,
m-ar imprumuta ~i pe mine.
Joan a spus ca ar vrea sa fie mai bogata.
Mary mi-a spus ca este timpul sa il parasesc.
Sa invatam inca eateva verbe:
to attend
to divorce
Pentru a retine verbele noi, traduceti in limba engleza:
Completati propozitiile in limba engleza eu forma verbala corespunzatoare:
In exerciliul urmator, vom recapitula materia acestei leclii. Daca nu intampinali dificultali, inseamna
ca puteli trece la partea a doua a lecliei 28. Traduceli in limba engleza:
Ai putea sa uili aceste cuvinte?
In ziua nunlii a fost incredibil de cald.
Traduceli propoziliile urmatoare in limba engleza folosind aceste doua verbe auxiliare:
Vrei sa faci curat in camera?
L-ar fi condarnnat pe prizonier,
daca ar fi fost mai multe dovezi.
Could you open the window?
Celibatarul despre care a vorbit ea,
a fost una dintre rudele mele.
Omul care a fost arestat,
nu a marturisit inca.
lata doua cazuri in care se utilizeaza verbele auxihare could ~i would.
29
In incheiere, urmeaza obi~nuitul exercitiu de pronuntie. Cititi cu atentie urmatoarele cuvinte:
[E] [e] [ 0:] [ei]
happy wedding divorce engaged
marriage guest com outrageous
bachelor relatives enormous rate
man men dawn late
hat when sworn gave
> There have been many services this week.
> I am not going to marry him.
> The bridegroom has known the bride
for a very long tunc.
> Why has he sworn to stay smgle?
> The wedding-rings we were shown
were outrageously expensive.
> She is not the happy woman
she was on her wedding-day.
> She is the most beautiful bride
I have ever seen.
> The books which are on the table are yours.
EI de ce a jurat sa ramana celibatar?
Au fost multe ceremonii saptamana aceasta.
Nu rna voi marita cu eL
Car\ile care se afla pe masa sunt ale tale.
Ea este cea mai frumoasa mireasa
Peter said "I wish I had a house". - Peter said he wished he had a house.
Mary said "It's time I went home". - Mary said it was time she went home.
- Iti place cartea
pe care ai citit-o?
- Oamenii pe care i-am vizitat au fost
foarte draguti cu mine.
- Nu pierde biletul
pe care ti I-a dat.
- John said that if he were me
he would not do it.
- Peter said that if he had time he would go
to the cinema.
- it was time
- Mary said that if she had had the money
earlier she would have paid for the car.
- Ai putea deschide geamul?
- Poti sa-mi dai putin ceai?
- I wished
32
Peter said "lfI have time I will go
to the cinema".
it is time
I wish
John said "IfI were you
I would not do it".
Mary said "If I had had the money
35
service > [sa:'vis] - serviciu, ceremonie
shoplifter > [~oplifta'J - hot de magazine
single > [sing!] - necasatorit, celibatar
speeding > [spi.umlg )] - exces de viteza
sufficient > [safi~<lI1t] - suficient, indestuHHor
to swear > [tll sUeaf] - ajura
theft > [T'efl] - furt
thief, thieves > [T'i:fJ[T'i:vz] - hot, hoti
ticket > [tikI!] - bilet, proces verbal
(de contraventie)
36