LECT, IA 28 - PARTEA A nOVA

EI a spus ca nu se va simti in siguranta,

pana cand criminalul nu va fi arestat.
Daca a~ fi avut timp, a~ fi fost prezent
la ceremonie.
Mary:
Peter:
Barbara:
John:
EI nu este omul care era cand ne-am intalnit
prima data.
Mary:
Peter:
Omul care a fost eliberat a fost
evident nevinovat.
Ploua cand ne-am dus la postul de poIitie
ca sa anuntam spargerea.
In luna aceea au fost comise multe
crime brutale.
Crima de care el a fost acuzat, a fost
una violenta.
Crezi ca e vinovat?
Nu vreau platesc amenda pentm ca
sunt nevinovat.
$antajul este infraqiune profitabila.
Acest avion este uria~.
L-am intrebat daca oamenii religio~i sunt
intotdeauna amabili.
Ea a spus ca nu I-a vawt
de la divort.
A fura este 'impotriva legii.
Saptamana viitoare participam la 0 nunta.
A~ vreau sa fiu din nou celibatar.
Grice faCl, nu-i da drumul.
Aceasta poate fi folosita ca dovada.
Cat de nevinovat parea uciga~ul!
E~ti sigur ca hotul se ascunde
prin imprejurimi?
31
> Do you lhll1k he IS gUIlty?
> I don't \\ ant to pay tht' fine because
I am Il1l10cent.
> BlackmaIl is a \ ery prolitable crnne.
> rhls plane IS enOIIIlOllS.
> I asked him If I ellglou" people were
always gentle.
> She saId she had not seen h1111
since the dIvorce.
> Stealing IS agamsl the law.
> We ,Ire attendmg a \\ eddlng next week.
> I WIsh I were a bachelor agam.
> Whatever you do, dOll't release hun.
> ThIS can be used as e\ Idence.
> 'low innocent the murderer looked!
> Are you sure the thief IS hichng
JIl the sUllOlIlldings')

Peter said "I wish I had a house". - Peter said he wished he had a house.
Mary said "It's time I went home". - Mary said it was time she went home.
- Iti place cartea
pe care ai citit-o?
- Oamenii pe care i-am vizitat au fost
foarte draguti cu mine.
- Nu pierde biletul

pe care ti I-a dat.

- John said that if he were me
he would not do it.
- Peter said that if he had time he would go
to the cinema.
- it was time
- Mary said that if she had had the money
earlier she would have paid for the car.
- Ai putea deschide geamul?
- Poti sa-mi dai putin ceai?
- I wished
32
Peter said "lfI have time I will go
to the cinema".
it is time
I wish
John said "IfI were you
I would not do it".
Mary said "If I had had the money
earlier I would have paid for the car".
Don't lose the ticket (which)
he has given to you.
Would you give me some tea?
28.2.2. Timpul urmatoarelor expresii se schimba conform regulii de concordanta a timpurilor:
In cazul propozitiei conditionale de tipul II ~i III timpul verbului ramane neschimbat:
In schimb in vorbirea indirecta timpul verbului din propozitia secundara, care urmeaza
dupa aceste expresii nu se schimba. De exemplu:
In cazul folosirii vorbirii indirecte In propozitia conditionala de tipul I, timpul
verbulului se schimba conform regulii de concordanta a timpurilor (din timpul prezent
trece la timpul trecut):
The people (whom) I visited were
very nice to me.
Could you open the window?
28.2.1. Propozitia conditionala
Do you like the book (that)
you have read?
28.2. Vorbirea indirecta
28.1. Pronumele relative compuse aflate la Inceputul propozitiilor relative restrictive pot fi omise
In anumite cazuri. Exemple:

RECAPITULAREA LECT, IEI 28

28.3. Folosirea verbelor auxiliare modale "could" ~i "would":

TEMA PENTRU ACASA 28

A Traduceti urmatoarele propozi1ii in limba romana:
I. The man I met then was divorced.
2. I said that if I were a teacher, I would teach English.
3. The bride wished the service were shorter.
4. Could you tell me )fthey are happy?
5. He told me that ifhe had not bought the wedding-rings earlier, he would not have had
money then.
6. I wanted to attend the wedding but I was late for the train.
B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozi1ii in limba engleza:
1. EI presupune ca este timpul sa incepi lucrul.
2. Ai cina cu mine? (E~ti atat de amabil sa cinezi cu mine?)
3. Cine a spus ca daca a~ fi mai tanara, m-ar lua de nevasta?
4. Casa pe care am vazut-o atunci era prea scumpa pentru mine.
5. L-ai putea ruga pe mire sa aduca florile?
6. Ea a spus ca vrea sa fie necasatorita.
C. Corecta1i gre~elile din urmatoarele propozi1ii:
1. The house has just been bought is large.
2. Could they to swear it's true?

3. He said it is time he leaves.

4. She told me that if she divorces her husband she will be happy.
5. Would you opened the window?
33

V()CABVLARUL LECT, IILOR 27 S, I 28

to a.'euse (ot) > [tLi aklU:Z] - a acuza, a invinui (de)
agal'1st > [agenst] - impotriva, (in) contra
to al resl > [tLi arest] - a aresta
to attend > [tLi atend] - a fi prezent/de faFi la, a participa
bacl1elol > [bEt~alar] - celibatar
behavi''lur > [blhelvlar] - purtare, comportament
to belil'\ e > [tLi bi!i:v] - a crede (in)
to bewan: (of) > [tublllea'] - a se feri, a se pazi (de)
blacl<mall > [blEkmeiJ] - ~antaj
bride > [braid] - mireasa
brictegroom > [braldgru:m] - mire
brutal > [bru:tl] - brutal, violent
burglCl\ > [ba: rgla'] - spargator
burglary > [ba:'glan] - furt cu spargere
capit~1 punishment > [kEpitl pani~mant] - pedeapsa capitaHi/cu moartea
to commit > [Iu kamit] - a comite
to conft'ss > [Iu kanfes] - a marturisi, a recunoa~te
to convict (of) > [tLi kanvikt] - a condamna, a declara vinovat
(pe cineva)
cnme > [kraim] - infractiune
criminal > [krimml] - criminal
death > [del"] - moarte
death sentence > [del" sentiins] - condamnare la moarte
decent > [di:sant] - decent
divorce > [divo:rs] - divort
to divorce > [tu dlVO:rS] - a divorta
engaged > [mgeidjd] - logodit
enormous > [mo:'mas] - enorm, uria~, colosal
envious (of) > [envlas] - invidios (pe)
evidence > [evldans] - dovada, marturie
fine > [fam] - amenda, penalizare
to find out > [tu fallld aut] - a constata, a descoperi, a afla
34
gentle > [dJentl] bland, ginga~, amabil
God, god > [god] DUlllnezeu, divinitate
guest > [gest] musafir, invitat
guilty > [gilti] - Vlllovat
happy > [hEpi] - fericit
incredible > [inkredibal] - incredibil
innocent > [inasant] - inocent, nevinovat
law > [lo:J - lege
to look > [tu lukJ - a privi, a arata cumva (bIDe l'll
marriage > [mEnd)] - casatorie
to marry > [tu mEnJ - a se casatori, a se insura
murder > [ma:'da'] - crima, omucidere
to murder > [tu mao' da'] - a ucide, a omori
murderer > [ma:'dara'j - criminal, asasin, uciga~
obviously > [obvlaslJ ] - (in mod) evident
outrageous > [autretdJas] - ru~inos, neru~int, imoral
pickpocket > [pikpokit] - hot de buzunare
police > [pali:s] - politie
police-station > [pali:s stel~n] - post sau comisariat de politie
prisoner > [prizana'] - prizonier, detinut
to prosecute > [tu proslklll:t] - a institui/a intenta (un) proces
to punish > [tu pani~] - a pedepsi
relatives > [relati: vz] - ruda, rude
to release > [turili:s] - a elibera, a pune in libertate,
a-i da drumul

relieved > [rili:vd] - u~urat

religious > [rilidjas] - religios
remorse > [rimo:fs] - remu~care, mustrare de con~tiinta
to report > [tu npo:ft] - a raporta, a anunta
to rob > [tu rob] - ajefui, a prada (de), a fura
robbery > [robari] - jaf, furt
sentence > [sentans] - sentinta
to sentence (to) > [tu sentans] - a condamna

35
service > [sa:'vis] - serviciu, ceremonie
shoplifter > [~oplifta'J - hot de magazine
single > [sing!] - necasatorit, celibatar
speeding > [spi.umlg )] - exces de viteza
sufficient > [safi~<lI1t] - suficient, indestuHHor
to swear > [tll sUeaf] - ajura
theft > [T'efl] - furt
thief, thieves > [T'i:fJ[T'i:vz] - hot, hoti
ticket > [tikI!] - bilet, proces verbal
(de contraventie)
violent > [vaialant] - violent

wedding > [Ucdm(g)] - nunta, cununie

wedding-day > [Uedmlg ) dei] - ziua nuntii

wedding-ring > [Uedm1g ) rin1gl] - verigheHi
whatever > [Uoteva'] - oricare, orice, indiferent de
whichever > [Uit~ev a'] - oricare
whoever > [hu:e\ af] - oncme

36
4. Pronumele relativ "that" se poate omite in urmatoarele situatii:
1. Propozitia conditionala de tipul I se refera la viitor ~i indeplinirea conditiei este posibila:

RECAPITULARE
something nothing
much
- In locul tau nu l-a~ cumpara.
- Poti sa-mi dai vreo
informatie?
- Daca voi avea bani, voi cumpara"
o cama~a noua.
- Ea trebuie sa scrie scrisoarea.
- Este eel mai bun film pe care I-am vazut.
little
anything
Is there any information (that)
you can give me?
few
everything
It is the best film (that) I have seen.
b) Dupa urmatoarele cuvinte:
If I have money I will buy
a new shirt.
If I were you I would not buy it.
Verbul auxiliar modal "modal" are doar 0 forma de prezent. La trecut ~i viitor se folose~te in
locullui verbul "to have to".
c) Dupa adjectivele "any" ~i "only":
She has to write the leter.
a) Dupa un superlativ:
2. Propozitia conditionala de tipul II se refera la prezent, iar indeplinirea conditiei este putin

probabila sau imposibila:

3. Verbul auxiliar modal "must" - exprima necesitatea, obligatia. Must poate fi inlocuit cu "to
have to" - care nu este un verb auxiliar modal.
Exersati cuvintele noi ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:
Aceasta lectie este consacrata problemelor legislative. Cititi cu voce tare
subsantivele noi ~i retineti traducerea lor in limba romana:

,.. ,..

LECT, IA 27 PARTEA INTAI

shoplifter > [~opliftafJ - hot de magazine
thief, thieves > [T'i:fI[Tsi:vzJ - hot, hoti
~

law > [lo:J - lege

fine > [f~lin] - amenda, penalizare
pickpocket > [pikpokit] - hot de buzunare
robbery > [robari] - jaf, furt
prisoner > [prizanaf] - prizonier, detinut
police > [pali:s] - politie
crime > [kraim] - infractiune, crima
theft > [Tseft] -furt
burglary > [bit:fgJari] - spargere (furt)
criminal > [kriminl] - criminal
burglar > [bit:fglafJ - spargator
2
law > [10:] - lege
crime > [krahn] - infractiune, crima
criminal > [kriminl] - criminal
fine > [fain] - amenda, penalizare
pickpocket > [pikpokitJ - hot de buzunare

burglar > [bit: 'glafJ - spargator

..,

burglary > [bit: fglariJ - spargere (furt)

thief, thieves > [Pi:fl [Pi:vzJ - hot, hoti
theft > [Tsei1J -furt
robbery > [robariJ - jaf, furt
shoplifter > [~oplift~lf] - hot de magazine
prisoner > [prizanafJ - prizonier, detinut
police > [pali:sJ - politie
- Hotii de buzunare vor sa-ti fure
portmoneul.
- Criminalul face lucruri care
sunt interzise.
- Sunt multe spargeri
zilnic.
- A omori' 0 persoana este 0 crima.
- Spargatorul intra i'n casa ta
sa fure lucruri.
- Trebuie sa pHite~ti amenda.
- Furtul inseamna sustragerea
lucrurilor altor persoane.
- Sunt din ce i'n ce
mai multe jafuri.
- Hotul fura.
> [a krimml daz T'm(glz rYEt
a." forbidn]
> [kiJ m(gl a pa:'sl1 IZ a kralln]
> [Ill. mast pel DZa fam
> [pik]1oklts "ont III stl:l
in.' ]1a.'s]
> [a l'dstl'lz]
> [D'ea' a r melll bit:' glanz

e\'rI del]

> [T'eti IZ sti:lm(gJ aD'ij'

pi plz T'm(glz]
> [IYea' ar mo.' End
InO ' robm IZ)
> l a ba" gla' cnta'z lOr haus
tll SIll T'l1l f ,dz]
Cuvantul police este un substantiv colectiv, precedat intotdeauna de
articolul hotarat the, iar verbul este la plural.
Pickpockets want to steal
your purse.
You must pay the fine.
A burglar enters your house
to steal things.
A thief steals.
A criminal does things that
are forbidden.
Killing a person is a crime.
lata cuvintele noi i'n propozitii. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i urmariti traducerea lor i'n limba romana:
3

The law forbids some things. > [DZa 10: forbidz sam T'm(glz] - Legea interzice unele lucruri.
"Shoplifters take things out of shops without paying for them."
There are more and
more robberies.
Theft is stealing other
people's things.
There are many burglaries
every day.

Probabil ati retinut deja cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba engleza:

- Hotii de magazine scot
(sustrag) lucruri din magazine
rara sa plateasca pentru ele.
- Un prizonier a scapat.
- There was a > robbery near
the post-office yesterday.
- When was that> burglary?
- The>burglar broke a leg in our house.
- We had to pay a >fine.
- The >shopllfterwas caught
when he was leaving the shop.
- > PIckpockets have to be very fast.
- Is this against the >law?
- >The polIce are looking for two people.
- Many>cnmmals are not in prison.
- > ThIeves can be dangerous.
- Is car >thefta serious >cnme?
- The >pnsoners spent a long time in prison.
> fine
> pnsoner
> shoplifter
> cnmmal
> burglary
> pollee
> robbery
> burglar
> law
> thIef
> pickpocket
>cnme
4

> l~oplIfta'z telk T'm(glz

aut av sops IDZaut pelln(gl
U

fa r D'em]

> [a prizana' hEz Iskel pI]

Ati remarcat desigur prepozitia against, care inseamna "impotriva, (in)
contra."

amenda, p enalizare
prizonier, detinut
Aceasta este impotriva legii?
hot de magazine
criminal
spargere
spargator
lege
hot
hot de buzunare
infractiune, erima
politie
Politia cauta doi oameni.
Hotii de buzunare trebuie sa fie foarte rapizi.
Multi criminali nu sunt in inchisoare.
A prisoner has escaped.
Hotii pot fi periculo~i.
Furtul de ma~ini este 0 infractiune serioasa?
Cand a avut loc spargerea aceea?
Detinutii au stat mult timp in inchisoare.
Spargatorul ~i-a rupt piciorul in casa noastra.
Shoplifters take things
out of shops without paying
for them.
leri a avut loc un jaf in apropierea
oficiului po~tal.
Completati unnatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele care lipsesc:
A trebuit sa platim 0 amenda.
Hotul de magazine a fost prins
in timp ce parasea magazinul.
jaf
Pe baza exemplelor de mai sus, traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:
Verbele would ~i could sunt verbe modale. Structura propozitiei interogative in care apar ~i aceste
verbe este: could/would +subiect +verbul de conjugat, de exemplu:
Vii prezentiim acum cel de-al trei/ea tip de propozitie conditionalii. in acest tip de propozitie
condltia nu este realizabi/ii. Verbul din subordonata conditionalii este la timpul Past Perfect, iar in
propozitia principalii verbul este la conditionalul trecut, care are urmatoarea structura:would +
have + forma a III-a a verbului de conjugat.
- Ifwe >had made hay earlier
we >would have sold it.
- A~ fi avut timp sa 0 citesc,
daca imi spuneai ieri.
- If he >hadn't stolen this book
then he >would not have gone to prison.
- Daca spargatorul nu ar fi fost prins,
pierdeam bani multi.
- I >would have gone to the cinema with you
yesterday if I >had had time.
- He >would have told me about it earlier
ifhe >had known
- Ai putut pleca ieri?
- What >would you have done if
they >had fired you then?
- Nu puteau sa ne vada acolo.
- Mama mea nu ar nu ar cheltui atiit,

daca nu ar avea bani.

- Ce ai face daca ai fi bogat?
5
My mother wouldn't spend this much
if she hadn't money.
Ce ai fi facut daca
te concediau atunci?
I would have had time to read it
if you had told me yesterday.
Daca noi coseam f'anul mai devreme,
I-am fi viindut.
lata diteva exemple:
What would you do if you were rich?
Mi-ar fi vorbit despre acellucru,
daca ar fi ~tiut mai devreme.
They couldn't see us there.
could not -forma prescurtatii couldn't [kudnt]
Could you leave yesterday?
El nu ar fi ajuns la inchisoare,
daca nu ar fi furat aceasta carte.
would not -forma prescurtatii wouldn't [Uudnt]
A~ fi mers cu tine ieri la cinematograf,
daca a~ fi avut timp.
If the burglar hadn't been caught, we would
have lost a lot of money.
Forma negativii a acestor verbe sunt:
Completati urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:
lata cuvintele noi intr-un scurt dialog. Cititi cu atentie dialogul:
- Is it possible that she is > guilt)?
- Have you ever heard of this
> outrageous crime?
- They have> obVIOusly heard the news.
- Don't be so > brutll
- The man seemed to be > mnoccnt
6

Evident, ei au auzit ~tirile.

Nu fii atat de brutal!
Este posibil ca ea este vinovata?
lata cateva cuvinte noi. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la traducerea lor in limba romana:
Barbatul parea sa fie nevinovat.
Ai auzit vreodata despre aceasta
crima revoltatoare?
Do you think this man > [L1u /u: f'inlg1k LYis mEn - Crezi ca acest om
is guilty? lZ giltl] este vinovat?
He can't be innocent. > [hI. ka:nt bi: inasant] - Nu poate fi nevinovat.
He obviously stole the cash > [hI. ob\ las II stau! IYa kE~ - Evident, el a furat banii
from the bank. from D/a bEn(g)k] din banca.
Yes, that was outrageous. > [ICS DIEt "az autreidjas] - A fost intr-adevar, revoltator.
I heard that he had been > [ai ha:'d D7Et hi hEd bl.n - Am auzit ca a fost

~
very brutal. veri bru:tl] foarte brutal.
I hope he will go to prison > [ai haup hI: lid gau tu prizn - Sper ca va ajunge la inchisoare
for a long time. fo:' a ]on(gl tann] pentru multa vreme.
innocent > [inasant] inocent, nevinovat
guilty > [giltl] vinovat
obviously > [obviaslI] (in mod) evident
outrageous > [autre/dps] imoral, revoltator
brutal > [bru:tl] brutal, crud
Traduceti propozitiile din text in limba romana:

A: Do you think this man is guilty?

B: He can't be innocent. He obviously stole the cash from the bank.
A: Yes, that was outrageous. I heard that he had been very brutal.

B: I hope he will go to prison for a long time.

Sa exersam inca 0 data cuvintele noi. Traduceti urmatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:
Acum, treceti propozitiile interogative de la vorbirea directa la vorbirea indirecta:
in exercitiul urmator, traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:
> brutal
> Peter asked if the law forbade It.
> obvIOusly
> Mary asked where he \\ as g01I1g.
- Peter asked when I had been in England.
> .lane asked where we wanted to go.
> JOnocent
- John asked if I were at home.
> outrageous
> John clsked Ifhe liked musIc.
> Peter asked Irthey had met her.
> Mary asked when the police had caught
the thIef
> Jane asked who had taught her how to sWIm.
> John asked if pickpockets
were cnllllnals.
> Pete! asked hO\\ mallY btl!gIaries there
had been in thiS cIty
7
revoltator
Jane a intrebat unde vrem sa mergem.
Peter asked "Did they meet her?".
John a intrebat daca hotii de buzunare
sunt infractori.
Mary a intrebat ciind I-a prins politia
pe hot.
Jane asked "Who has taught her how to swim?".
Peter a intrebat ciite spargeri au avut loc
in acest ora~.
Peter asked "When were you in England?".
Peter a intrebat daca legea interzice acellucru.
lata mai intiii, ciiteva exemple:
nevinovat
Mary asked "Where is he going?".
brutal
(in mod) evident
John asked "Does he like music?".
John asked "Are you at home?".
Sd urmiirim in contilluare cum se face trecerea din vorbirea directii in vorbire indirectii, in cazul
propozifiilor interogative.
Afi observat desigur, cd ordinea in propozifia indirectd interogatiVii este identicd cu cea din
propozifia ajirmativd. De fapt, este vorba despre 0 propozifie ajirmativd $i nu de una interogativii.
111 cazul intrebiirii decizionale (da/nu), propozifia secundarii care urmeazii dupii propozifia
principalii este introdusii prin prepozifia if. In cazul propozifiei interogative complementare
pronumele interogativ riimane neschimbat. Nu uitafi timpul verbelor se schimbii!
In aceasta Iectie nu ati invatat inca verbe noi. lata-Ie:
- Fere~te-te de omul acesta!
- Da.
- Po1itia I-a arestat
dupa ce I-a cautat timp de
doua 1uni.
- EI a jefuit zece oameni bogati.
- I s-a intentat proces?
- Este un criminal.
- Ce infractiune a comis?
- Apoi a fost condarnnat
1a zece ani.
-Da.
- E1 a recunoscut jafuri1e?

8
>[dld hI: kanfcs
tll [Ya robanz]
> [hi: rabd (en nt;; pi:pl]
> [D/a pali:s arcstld hI:m
a:ftaf ]ukin(g) fa:' hun
fo. l tu: man f'J
> [les hI: dId]
> [hI:Z a krimml]
> ["az hI: proSlklll:tId]
> [End [Yen hI: "az sen(anst
(ll tcn la'z]
> ["ot kralln dId hi kamit]
Yes, he was. > [les hI: Uaz]
He robbed ten rich people.
What crime did he commit?
Beware of this man!
Did he confess
to the robberies?
Yes, he did.
He's a criminal.
The police arrested him
after looking for him
for two months.
And then he was sentenced
to ten years.
Cititi propozitile separat ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:
Was he prosecuted?
Acum yom folosi verbele noi intr-un dialog. Cititi cu atentie:
A: Beware of this man! He's a criminal.
B: What crime did he commit?
A: He robbed ten rich people.
B: Was he prosecuted?
A: Yes, he was. The police arrested him after looking for him for two months.
B: Did he confess to the robberies?
A: Yes, he did. And then he was sentenced to ten years.
to commit > [tll kamit] - a comite
to arrest > [tll arest] - a aresta, a pune sub interdictie
to rob > [tll rob] - ajefui, a fura
to prosecute > [tll proslkru:t] - a institui/a intenta (un) proces
to confess > [tll kanfes] - a martllrisi, a recunoa~te
to sentence (to) > [tll sentans] - a condamna
to beware of > [tll blUeaf av] - a se feri, a se pazi
lata ultimul exercitiu al lectiei. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:
Completati urmatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele care lipsesc:
in urmatorul exercitiu, traduceti verbele noi in limba engleza:
- His neighbour >commited a theft.
- Who has been >arrested?
- Five men >robbed the grocer's yesterday.
- Why haven't they been >prosecuted?
- >Beware of dark streets!
> to prosecute
> to sentence
> to arrest
- He >confessed to all his crimes.
- Who has >sentenced them?
> to commit
> to beware of
> to confess
> to rob
> He asked me when they would sentence him.
> If l had known earlier
I would not have returned home.

> He \\ as arrested because he commited a clime.

> Do you know our brother was prosecuted?
> There have been a lot of burglaries
in OUI surroundings recently.
> Mary asked if this story
was outrageous.
> Do you know our law forbids theft?
> Beware of thIs brutal man!
> She confessed the cnme.
> They sentenced them to five years.
9
Vecinul lui a comis un furt.
Ieri cinci oameni I-au jefuit pe bacan.
El ~i-a recunoscut toate infractiunile.
Fere~te-te de strazile intunecoase!
Cine a fost arestat?
De ce nu li s-a intentat un proces?
a intenta (un) proces
a condamna
Cine i-a condamnat?
a aresta
a jefui
a se feri
a comite
a marturisi, a recunoa~te
~tii ca legea noastra interzice furtul?
Ea ~i-a recunoscut crima.
~tii ca fratelui nostru i s-a intentat un proces?
EI a fost arestat pentru ca a comis 0 infractiune.
El m-a intrebat cfmd il vor condamna.
Fere~te-te de acest om brutal!
Daca a~ fi ~tiut mai devreme,
nu m-a~ fi intors acasa.
Mary a intrebat daca aceasta intiimplare
a fost revoltatoare.
I-au condamnat la cinci ani.
Au avut loc recent multe spargeri
in imprejurimile noastre.

LECT, IA 27 - PARTEA A DOVA

Sa continuam tot cu problemele legislative. Unneaza un grup de substantive
noi. Citili-le cu voce tare:
sentence > [scnt:.ms] - sentinta
remorse > [rimo:"s] - remu~care,cainta
police-station > [pali:s stci~n] - post de politie
ticket > [tiklltj - bilet, proces verbal
(de contravenlie)
speeding > [spi:din(gl] - exces de viteza
murder > [ma:rdar] - crima, omucidere
murderer > [mll:'dararj - uciga~, asasin
evidence > [evidans] - dovada, marturie
behaviour > [bihcivd] - purtare, comportament
blackmail > [bIEkmeil] - ~antaj
capital > [kEpitl - pedeapsa capitala!
punishment pani~mant] cu moartea
death sentence > [deT' scnlans] - condamnare la moarte
Exersati cuvintele noi, dar in alta ordine:
murderer > [ma:rdarar] - uciga~, asasin
speeding > [spi:din lgl] - exces de viteza
sentence > [sentans] - sentinta
capital > [kEpitl - pedeapsa capitaHi/
punishment panismant] cu moartea
remorse > [rimo:rs] - remu~care, cainta
ticket > [tikat] - bilet, proces verbal

(de contraventie)
blackmail > [blEkmeil] - ~antaj
murder > [ma:fda'] - crima, omucidere
evidence > [cvicbns] - dovada, marturie
death sentence > [dcT' scntans] - condamnare la moarte
police-station > [pali: s stei~ll] - post de politie
behaviour > [biheiviaf] - purtare, comportament
10
in urmatorul exerc1tiu completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:
Citili cu voce tare urmatoarele propozilii in limba engleza in care am introdus cuvinte1e noi ~i fili
atenli la traducerea lor in limba romana:
- There is a little >cvldencc.
- Saptamana trecuta am primit
una pentru exces de viteza.
- Ce parere ai despre
comportamentul el?
- Se ~tie cine a fost
uciga~ul?
- Prime~ti

des procese verbale

de contraventie?
- Au fost du~i la
postul de polilie.
- Omuciderea este cea mai
serioasa infractiune?
- Condamnarea la moarte
nu I-a speriat.
- EI a primit 0 pedeapsa lunga.
- Sunt dovezi suficiente.
- Sunt vinovali de ~antaj.
- Vor primi pedeapsa
capitala?
- EI are vreo remu~care?
- The >police-statj'll1 is next to the hotel.
- Their >beha\ lOur is very strange.
- The >munlcll'rs have been arrested.
- >Blackmcul is often profitable.
- There have been three >murders this week.
- The policeman gave him a >tieket.
- What >sentence did they get?
- Some people think >capital punishment
is useless.
11

>[lYeiua.l tClkn
tll IYa pali:s stcisn]
> [IZ ma"da' fYa mallst
si'! las krcl/ITI]
> [D/a deT' sentans
did nol skea' him]
> [[Yea' IZ lIlafc\'ldansj
> [hI' got a lan(g' sentans]
>1 daz hi: ft:l enlllmo:'sj
> [Ia~t "L k <11 got "an
fa, spi dmlg1j
> ["a t dll ill, T'lI1lglk
a\ hal blhe/\ la']
> L-Ill [Yel get kEpit!
panlSl1lant]
> [IYel 3:' giltl a\' blEkmell]
> [ iz It 11cllln hu'
D/,lllla,'dara'"azj
> [till Ill, ofi! get a tibt]
UCtga::;11 au tost arestali.
Dovezlle sunt putine.

Pollllstul i-a intocmit un proces verbal.

I)nll oalOeni ered ca pedeapsa capitala
este t':lra rost.
There is enough evidence.
Is murder the most
serious crime?
Do they get capital
punishment?
Last week I got one
for speeding.
Postul de polItIC este langa hotel.
Is it known who
the murderer was?
Do you often get a ticket?
Santalul t'~te adesea profitabil.
Ce pedt"apsa au primit?
Comportamenrullor este foarte ciudat.
He got a long sentence.
Does he feel any remorse?
What do you think
of her behaviour?
They are guilty of blackmail.
Siiptamiina aceasta au avut loc trei crime.
The death sentence
did not scare him.
They were taken
to the police-station.
Desigur, pute~i deja sa tladuce~i cuvintele noi in limba engleza:
Pe baza exemplelor, traduceti propozitiile care urmeaza in limba engleza:
> We aren't going to arrest this man.
> Are the police going to take them
to the police-station?
> blackmaIl
> My father is going to sell our old car.
> eVIdence
> capital punishment
> death sentence
> ticket
> sentence
> behaviour
> murderer
> Where are you going to take your children?
> I'm not going to tell you this story.
- Deseara rna uit la un film.
> remorse
> murder
> speedmg
- Is there a >death sentence for theft?
> polIce-statIOn
- >Speeding is dangerous.
12
Unde iti vei duce copiii?
Politia ii va duce la postul de politie?
Tata! meu va vinde ma~ina noastra veche.
~antaj

Nu avem de gand sa-l arestam pe acest om.

remu~care

I am going to watch a film tonight.

Nu-ti voi povesti aceasta intimplare.
comportament
proces verbal de contraventie
latti 0 modalitate de exprzmare a viitorului. cu ajutorul constructiei to be going to - a avea de gand
sa. in aceastti constructie se conjugti doar verbul to be infunctie de persoanti ~i timp (I am going to,
she is going to, they are going to, etc.). De exemplu:

post de politie
sentinta
exces de viteza
pedeapsa capitalalcu moartea
crima, omucidere
Excesul de viteza este penculos.
criminal, uciga~
Se condamna la moarte pentru furt?
They were going to fly to England. - Ei au avut de gand sa zboare in Anglia.

::::-1
lnterogativul se formeazti prin inversiunea ordinii subiectului cu forma corespunztitoare a verbului -

t~~;~;::::..
to be. Nega!ia se formeazti prin adtiugarea la forma corespunztitoare a verbului to be a adverbului 1:::::::::1\:::-.
de nega!ie not. De exemplu: i:" .:'
Where are you going to spend your holiday? - Unde iti vei petrece concediul? it;::!::'
I" .

She was not going to visit us yesterday. - Ea nu a avut de gand sa ne viziteze ieri. !
condamnare la moarte
dovada
lata aIte cateva cuvinte noi. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i retineti sensullor:
Completati urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:
relieved >lnli.vd] - u~urat
sufficient > [safi~ant) - suficient
violent >l valalant] - violent
decent >l di:sant) - decent, cumsecade
envious (ot) >l en\'las) - invidios (pe)
gentle >[ dJentl] - bland, ginga~, amabil
- Majoritatea oamenilor
sunt curnsecade.
- Hotul a spus ca era invidios
pe oamenii bogati.
- Ce persoana amabila este ea!
- El a fost u~urat cand
nu i s-a intentat proces.
- Este suficient pentru azi?
- El a fost intotdeauna
un om violent.
> decent
> gentle
> suffiCIent
> leheved
> envious (of)
> \ !Olent
- These are >decent people.
- Is there >sufficient oil?
- Be >gentle to them!
- Were you >reheved, too?
- Are they always so >vlolent?
- It's no use being >envious.
13
>[DZa TSJ:fsed hi: Uoz envias
3\ nt~ pi:pl]
>[hl: "oz nli:vd lien
hi: "az not proslkiu.tid)
>llz D7 1s safi~ant fo:' tadci]
>[ Uot a dJcntl pa:'sn ~i: IZ]
>[hi: hEz o:]Ue/z bi:n
a va/alant mEn]
>[maust pi.pl a:' di:sant)
violent
amabil
suficient

::

invidios (pe)
u~urat

decent
Most people are decent.
What a gentle person she is!
Este suficient ulei?
He was relieved when
he was not prosecuted.
Traduceti urmatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:
Fii amabil cu ei!
The thief said he was envious
of rich people.
Sunt intotdeauna atat de violenti?
Nu are rost sa fi invidios.
Is this sufficient for today?
He has always been
a violent man.
lata cuvintele noi in propozitii:
Ace~tia sunt oameni decenti.
Te-ai simtit u~urat ~i tu?
lata acum cateva verbe noi. Citili-le cu atenlie ~i invatati semnificatia lor:
- Oricine vede holul,
trebuie sa anunle polilia.
- Orice ma~ina
ai alege, te va costa
mult.
- Orice s-ar intimpla,
te voi ajuta.
- oricare, orice
- oricine, oricare
- mice
> Whichever house you buy It wJll be too small
for your fatTIlly.
> Whatever you WrIte it will be all right.
> Whoever asks me for money, 1will refuse him.
> l hu eva']
> [tlJt~c\a']

> [hu."va' SI:Z DZa Pl.f

mast tel Dca pzlli:s]

> [tlnteva' hEpnz

al "ll help IU:]
> [lJoteva']
> l Ult~C\ a' av IYJ:z ka:'z
Ill. t~u Z It "il kost Ill:
a lot]

Dupa pronumele relative compuse, pentru exprimarea viitorului se

folose~te timpul Simple Present.
Whoever sees the thief
must tell the police.
to accuse (of) > l tu aklU:z] - a acuza, a invinui (de)
to release > [tllJllis] - a elibera, a pune in libertate
to murder > (tu ma:'da'j - a ucide, a omori
to report > [tu JIjlO:'\] - a raporta, a anunla
to convict (of) > [\ll kanvikt] - a condamna, a declara vinovat
(pe cineva)
to punish > l tu pal1J~ ] - a pedepsi
to find out > [tu f~\lnd aut] - a constata, a descoperi
14
whoever
whichever
whatever
Orice scrii va fi bine.
Jar acum vom invata un alt tip de pronume - pronumele relativ compus. lata trei dintre acestea:

Traduceli propoziliile urmatoare in limba engleza:

Whichever of these cars
you choose, it will cost you
a lot.
Orice casa cumperi, va fi prea mica
pentru familia tao
Sa Ie folosim in propozilii:
Oricine imi cere bani, il voi refuza.
Whatever happens
I will help you.
Cititi eLI atentie urmatorul dialog In care apar ~i cuvintele noi:
Did they catch the murderer? > [did IYL'l kel~ D a mil:' dara'] - L-au prins pe criminal?
- Ce pedeapsa a primit?
- Da.
- Dar dupa doua saptamani,
el a fost pus In libertate.
- Cu ~ase luni In urma,
cineva a anuntat 0 crima
la politie.
- Politia a constatat
ca altcineva a comis crima.
- Nu.
- Nu a fost vinovat?
- Dece?
- EI a fost acuzat ~i
condamnat.
- EI a primit pedeapsa
cu moartea.
- He >accused me of stealing his boots.
- We >reported the theft at the police-station.
- Why have they >reh:a.,,~d him?
15
> l hat ana' Iu "I:ks
hi: "oz nli sl]
> [hal: uoz hI: pamst]
> [hI: "oz scnl,lllS; III
kEplt1 pal11~1l1al1t]
> ll'o,rnt hI' ~iltlJ
> ["al]
> [hi "oz aklU:zd Fnd

kanviktJd]
> l "lks man Ps ag;iu samhodi
lIpo:'(Jd a ma:'da'
tll fYa pali:s]
> l D/a pali.s falJlld aul DiEt
sambodJ els bEd kamilld
D/a ham!]

El m-a acuzat ca i-am furat cizmele.

De ce I-au eliberat?
Noi am anuntat furtulla postul de politie.
The police found out that
somebody else had committed
the crime.
But after two weeks
he was released.
Wasn't he guilty?
Why?
How was he punished?
He was accused and
convicted.
No, he wasn't.
He was sentenced to
capital punishment.

Yes, they did.

Sa exersam folosirea verbelor noi. Completati propozitiile In limba engleza cu forma verbala
corespunzatoare:
Six months ago somebody
reported a murder
to the police.
Traduceti In limba romana propozitiile din text:

A: Six months ago somebody reported a murder to the police.

B: Did they catch the murderer?
A: Yes, they did. He was accused and convicted.
B: How was he punished?
A: He was sentenced to capital punishment. But after two weeks he was released.
B: Why? Wasn't he guilty?
A: No, he wasn't. The police found out that somebody else had committed the crime.
"I have already found out who ate my dinner."
> to report
> to convict
> to pUnish
> to find out
> to release
> The burglar would have been caught earher
If we had had a telephone then.
> The polIce don't know where thIs criminal is.
> Two pIckpockets have been arrested today.
> to accuse (of)
- He >has murdered his secretary.
- I have already >found out who ate my dinner.
- What did they >convlct him of?
> They ob\ lOusly cOlTI1mtted thIs cnme.
> to murder
- Why haven't they >punlshed them?
16
In final, sa verificam in ce masura ati reu~it sa retineti materialul acestei lectii:
a constata, a descoperi
Doi hoti de buzunare au fost arestati azi.
a elibera, a pune in libertate
Politia nu ~tie unde se afla acest criminal.
Evident, ei au comis aceasta infractiune.
De ce nu i-au pedepsit?
EI ~i-a omorat secretera.
Am descoperit deja cine mi-a mancat cina.
a condamna, a declara vinovat
a raporta, a anunta
a omori, a ucide
Spargatorul ar fi fost prins mai devreme,
daca am fi avut telefon atunci.
a acuza, a invinui (de)
Pentru ce I-au condamnat?
a pedepsi
Traduceti in limba engleza verbele:
17
Acum urmeaza obi~nuitul exerciliu de pronuntie. Literele din aceea~i coloana, scrise accentuat,
desemneaza un sunet identic:
[e] [I: ] ['II] [i]
theft relieved fine convict
death decent crime criminal
envious thief time fish
gentle release rise thick
> Peter asked if his fnend
had been sentenced.
> His behavIour is outrageous.
> We don't have enough evidence to accuse
them of thiS robbery.

> Does thiS thief have any remorse'?

> They asked when we would prosecute her.
> How are you going to punish him?
> If you had dnven slowlier you wouldn't
have got a ticket.
> Beware of bad people!
> He got a death sentence.
> The pollce are going to take the murderer
to the pol ice-statlOll,
> Whoe\er comes hetc I wdl throw him out.
Purtarea lui este revolUitoare.
Feriti-va de oamenii rai!
EI a primit pedeapsa eu moartea.
Peter a i'ntrebat daca prietenullui
a fost condamnat.
Ei au intrehat cand yom intenta proces
impotriva ei.
Daea ai fi condus mai incet, nu ti s-ar fi intocmit
un proces verbal de contravenlie.
Acest hot are vreo remu~care?
Polilia are de gand sa-l duca pe uciga~
la postul de politie.
Cum ai de gand sa-l pedepse~ti?
Oricine va veni aici, 11 voi da afara.
Nu avem suficiente dovezi sa-i acuzam
de acest jaf.

Timpul verbului se schimba conform regulii concordantei timpurilor.

Mary asked "Where is he going?". - Mary asked where he was going.
- A~ fi avut timp sa fac asta
daca imi spuneai ieri.
- Daca spargatorul nu ar fi fost prins,
noi am fi pierdut 0 multime de bani.
- Ii voi vizita azi.
- Ea nu a avut de gand sa ne viziteze
ieri.
- Unde ai de gand sa-ti petreci
concediul?
18

She was not going to visit us

yesterday.
I am going to visit them today.
De exemplu:
If the burglar hadn't been caught
we would have lost a lot of money.
Where are you going to spend
your holiday?
I would have had time to do it
if you had told me yesterday.
in propozitia interogativa complementara, pronumele interogativ ramane neschimbat.
De exemplu:
27.2.1. Ordinea in propozitia indirecta interogativa este identica cu aceea dintr-o propozitie
afirmativa.
27.3.1. in aceasta constructie, se schimba doar forma verbului "to be" in functie de persoana
~i timp (I am going to, she is going to, they are going to etc.). De exemplu:
27.3.2. Interogativul se formeaza prin inversiunea subiectului cu forma corespunzatoare a
verbului to be, iar negatia prin adaugarea adverbului de negatie "not" la forma
corespunzatoare a verbului "to be".
Peter asked "Did they meet her?" - Peter asked if they had met her.
27.1.1. in propozitia conditionala de tipul III conditia este ireala, nu este realizabila.
27.1.2. in propozitia conditionala introdusa de prepozitia "if" verbul este la timpul Past
Perfect, iar in propozitia subordonata apare constructia: "would +have + forma a III-a

a verbului de conjugat".
27.2.2. in cazul intrebarii decizionale (da/nu) propozitia secundara care urmeaza dupa
propozitia principala este introdusa prin prepozitia if. De exemplu:
27.1. Propozitia conditionala de tipul III (III Conditional)

RECAPITULAREA LECT, IEI 27

27.2. Vorbirea indirecta, propozitia indirecta interogativa
27.3. Constructia "to be going to" - "a avea de gand sa":
"would not" - forma prescurtata "wouldn't"
"could not" - forma prescurtata "couldn't"
27.5. "Would, could"
- once
- Grice ma~ina alegi,
te va costa mult.
- oricare, orice
- Mama mea nu ar plati pentru asta
daca nu ar avea bani.
- Nu puteau sa ne vada acolo.
- Ce ai face daca ai fi bogat?
- Ai putut pleca ieri?
- Grice s-ar intampla te voi ajuta.
- oricine, oricare
19

My mother wouldn't pay for this

if she hadn't money.
What would you do if you
were rich?
Could you leave yesterday?
They couldn't see us there.
Whichever of these cars you choose,
it will cost you a lot.
Whoever sees the thief must tell the police. - Gricine vede hotul, trebuie sa anunte politia.
Whatever happens I will help you.
whoever
27.5.1. Verbele "would" ~i "could" sunt verbe auxiliare modale, de aceea propozitiile
interogative formate cu ajutorullor, implica inversiunea, de exemplu:
whichever
whatever
27.5.2. Formele lor negative sunt:
De~i dupa pronumele relative compuse se folose~te timpul Simple Present, de obicei, ele se
refera la viitor.
27.4. Pronumele relative compuse:

TEMA PENTRU ACASA 27

A Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba romana:
I. John isn't going to invite her to his house.
2. Whoever comes tell him I am not at home.
3. Peter asked who had caught the pickpocket.
4. If the police had had this information earlier, they would have found the criminal easily.
5. The prisoner asked if he had to pay a fine.
6. This outrageous brutal crime was committed by a very young man.
B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:
I. Spargatorul a fost arestat dupa ce a jefuit doua case.
2. De ce ai de gand sa-I declari vinovat de acest omor?
3. Daca locatarii ar fi anuntat mai devreme spargerea, ei nu ar fi pierdut totul.
4. Grice vrei sa faci, ar fi mai bine daca ai renunta.
5. Maria a intrebat cand ii vor elibera sotul.
6. Peter a intrebat daca hotului de buzunare i s-a intentat proces.
C. Alegeti cuvantul care se potrive~te in propozitie:
I. John asked who arrested.
a. is
b. was

2. The children going to play in the garden.

a. were
b. wasn't
3. . tells you this, don't think it's true.
a. whatever
b. whoever
4. If they him to capital punishment it would have been horrible.
a. had sentenced
b. sentence

20
lata noile cuvinte intr-o alta ordine. Fiti atenti la pronuntie ~i retineti
corespondentul lor in limba romana:
Sa revenim la problemele legislative, dar yom studia alte teme. Daca pana
acum ne-am ocupat de expresiile legislatiei penale, in continuare yom
face cuno~tinta cu expresii ale legislatiei civile:.
wedding > [\ledin();)] nunta
wedding-day > [\ledin();) dei] ziua nuntii
wedding-ring > ["edin();) rin(g)] verigheta
God, god > [god] Dumnezeu, divinitate
bride > [braid] mireasa
guest > [gest] musafir, invitat
bachelor > [bEt~ala'] celibatar
bridegroom > [braidgru:m] mire
mamage > [mEridj] casatorie
divorce > [divo:'s] divort
relatives > [relati:vz] rude
service > [sa:'vis] serviciu, ceremonie
B: This news is awful. I thought they were happy together.