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SALAZAR
VELAZQUEZ-MOCTEZUMA
J., E. DOMINGUEZ
Purisima y Michoacan,
1995
SALAZAR
AND S. RETANA-MARQUEZ.
Eflects ofshoutBEHAV 59(2) 277-281,
1996.-The
influence of selective REM sleep deprivation on masculine sexual behavior has been a matter of
controversy. In the present study, the sexual behavior of male rats was analyzed in subjects deprived of REM sleep by
the island technique for 24 or 16 h daily during 20 days. When compared to control rats, both groups displayed
changes in sexual performance
since the first day. The effects were: an increase in mount, intromission and
ejaculation latencies and in mount frequency as well; a decrease of ejaculation frequency and of the Hit rate. The
effects became stronger as REM sleep deprivation progressed. Rats deprived of REM sleep for 24 h were extremely
debilitated after 12 days and some of them died, whereas the rats REM deprived for 16 h remained healthy during the
20 days. These data indicate that REM sleep deprivation interferes with the mechanisms that regulate male sexual
behavior.
and long-term REM sleep deprivation on sexual behavior in male rats. PHYSIOL
REM sleep
Sexual behavior
INTRODUCTION
METHODS
277
278
VELAZQUEZ-MOCTEZUMA,
ICONTROL
12
DAYS
MREMd16
DOMINGUEZ
mREMd24
indicated.
Mann-Whitney U-test compared to control.
* = p < 0.05.
** = p < 0.01.
*** = p < 0.005.
TABLE 1
PERCENTAGE OF RATS PRESENTING MOUNTS CM), INTROMISSIONS (I) AND EJACULATIONS (E).
x INDICATES PERCENTAGE OF DEAD ANIMALS
COlltrOl
Day
1
4
8
12
15
20
REMd24
REMd16
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
90
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
90
100
100
90
20
_
90
100
100
70
10
_
90
100
90
50
0
0
0
0
10
30
50
REM DEPRIVATION
AND SEXUAL
BEHAVIOR
279
RESULTS
TABLE 2
4
8
12
15
20
C0ntr0l
38.5
30.38
31.1
26.3
35.9
36.0
& 2.58
* 4.0
+ 2.9
of-4.0
f 3.4
c 34
47.3
36.1
39.8
31.2
44.2
44.1
* 4.15
i_ 4.5
_+4.6
* 4.8
i 5.1
+ 5.2
REMd 16
34.6
4.4
30.5
26.8
41.0
37.9
3x.7
&
f
+
f
*
7.6
1.7
l.h*
5.6
2x
54.4
54.2
54.6
X2.6
77.2
86.1
&
i_
&
+
+
i_
5.6
h s*
5.7
Y.l$
I I x*
7 4$
Day
1
4
8
12
15
20
REMd24
24.94
31.72
20.35
72.2
*
+
i
*
2 3w
2.50
2.30t
2.90
REMd24
64.45
49.5
57.x
61.X4
f 7.18
+ 5.9
t Il.)*
+ 12.4*
tion, however, did not show significant differences among all the
groups.
On the other hand, ejaculatory frequency showed a significant
decrease in the REMd group from the first day of the manipulation throughout the entire experiment (Kruskal-Wallis H = 13.76
p < 0.001). The PREM group showed a trend to decrease the
frequency from the first day also, but it reached significant values
starting on day 12 (Fig. 3A). The postejaculatory
period was
DAYS
BlREMdl6
-REMd
OCONTROL
FIG. 2. Mean number
24
or total (24 h/day)
VELAZQUEZ-MOCTEZUMA,
280
TABLE 3
Hit Rate
4
8
12
15
20
REMd16
COlltrOl
0.87
0.80
0.79
0.84
0.80
0.85
f
f
*
f
k
k
0.03
0.02
0.10
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.64
0.59
0.53
0.50
0.52
0.46
f
f
f
f
f
f
0.03t
0.002t
0.002*
0.001t
0.003*
O.OOlt
REMd24
0.40
0.69
0.44
0.39
Table 2 shows the results obtained regarding the intercopulatory and the interintromission
intervals. As can be seen, the
PREM group showed a marked increase in the interintromission
interval during the last part of the experiment (days 12, 15, 20;
Kruskal-Wallis
H = 13.2, p < 0.001). The Hit Rate (Table 3)
was affected in both REMd and PREM group with significant
decrease from the first day until the last day (Kruskal-Wallis
H = 7.5 p < 0.02).
Day
DOMINGUEZ
+ 0.09t
f 0.003
f 0.06t
k 0.061
_
_
DISCUSSION
The present results strongly suggest that the selective deprivation of the REM sleep stage induces a major deterioration of
masculine sexual behavior in male rats. This effect was worse
with chronically applied REM sleep deprivation (15 days) but
started in the first 24 h. As has been reported elsewhere (16),
REM sleep deprivation by the island technique is an aggressive
procedure that, if prolonged more that 10 days, can cause the
DAYS
IZICONTROL
mREMd
16
-REMd
24
FIG. 3. (A) Ejaculatory Frequency during a 30 min test and (Bl Postejaculatory Period after the first ejaculatory series in male rats submitted to partial
(16 h/day) or total (24 h/day) REM sleep deprivation during 20 consecutive days. Tests were done only on the days indicated.
Mann-Whitney u-test compared to control.
* =p < 0.05.
**=p<o.o1.
*** =p < 0.005.
REM DEPRIVATION
AND SEXUAL
281
BEHAVIOR
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