8/21/2016

230vLEDDriverCircuitDiagram,WorkingandApplications

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HOME FREE PROJECT CIRCUITS ELECTRICAL 230V LED DRIVER CIRCUIT

230v LED Driver Circuit

SEPTEMBER 29, 2015 BY ADMINISTRATOR LEAVE A COMMENT

Contents [hide]
0.1 230v LED Driver Circuit Principle:
1 230v LED Driver Circuit Diagram:
1.1 230V LED Circuit Design:
1.2 How to Operate LED Driver Circuit?
1.3 Applications of 230V LED Driver Circuit:
1.4 Limitations of LED Driver Circuit:
2 Related Articles

An LED is a special type of diode used as an Optoelectronic device. Like a PN junction diode, it
conducts when forward biased. However a special feature of this device is its ability to emit
signal in the visible band of the electromagnetic spectrum. A major concern to drive an LED is
to provide an almost constant current input. Often LED is driven using batteries or control
devices like microcontrollers. However these have their own disadvantages, for example-low
battery life etc. A feasible approach would be driving the LED using AC to DC power supply.
Though AC to DC power supply using transformer is quite popular and widely used, for
applications like driving loads like LED, it proves to be quite costly and moreover it is not
possible to produce a low current signal using transformer.
Keeping in mind all the factors, here we design a simple circuit driving a series of LED from
230V AC. This is accomplished using a capacitor based power supply. This is a low cost and
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230vLEDDriverCircuitDiagram,WorkingandApplications

e cient circuit and can be used at homes.

Related Post: Bipolar LED Driver Circuit

230v LED Driver Circuit Principle:

The basic principle behind this circuit is transformer less power supply. The main component
is the X-rated AC capacitor which can reduce the AC voltage to a suitable amount. These
capacitors are connected line to line and are designed for high voltage AC circuits. This
reduced AC voltage is then recti ed, ltered and regulated to produce a low voltage signal to
drive two LEDs in series.

230v LED Driver Circuit Diagram:

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230 v LED Driver Circuit Diagram Electronics Hub

230V LED Circuit Design:

Here the main intention is to drive a series combination of LEDs by passing a current of about
20mA through them. The rst component to design the circuit is a voltage regulator. This can
be provided using a Zener diode, but since Zener diode can get heated up easily, we prefer
using a voltage regulator IC which could provide accurate results. Here we use LM78L12
voltage regulator IC delivering output voltage of about 12V at maximum 100mA current.
The minimum input voltage for the IC to maintain line regulation is around 18V. Keeping this in
mind and the DC recti ed voltage of around 20V, we get the minimum negative peak of ripple
voltage to be around 2V. The ripple voltage is double the minimum peak and is around 4V. The
value of lter capacitor can be calculated keeping in mind the ripple voltage, ripple frequency,
quiescent current drawn by the regulator and the maximum load current. This can be
established mathematically as:
C = (Iq+Io)/(F * Vr)

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230vLEDDriverCircuitDiagram,WorkingandApplications

For Lm78L12, Iq is around 6mA, the required output current, Io is around 20mA, ripple
frequency is double the line frequency of 50Hz and Vr is around 4V. Substituting the values,
we get capacitor to be around 65uF. However keeping in account the facts of practical
aspects, we chose a 47uF, 25V capacitor.
Since a bridge recti er is better in full wave recti cation with more e ciency, here we use a
bridge recti er with four diodes. The diodes are selected keeping in mind the PIV rating of
100V. Here we use 1N4007.
For a voltage of 230V and output current of 20mA, the required impedance is about 11.5k
ohms. For a frequency of 50 Hz, the value of capacitance is seen to be around 0.13uF. However
such a value is quite low and we instead chose a value of 0.47uF producing output current of
about 33mA. (Based on calculations, a 1uF capacitor can produce current of about 72 mA.

How to Operate LED Driver Circuit?

The resistors R1 and R2 limit the inrush current from the AC mains supply. This AC voltage is
further reduced by the AC capacitor C1 which drops the voltage by around 210V. This reduced
AC voltage is then recti ed by the bridge recti er to obtain a recti ed DC voltage of about 20V.
This DC voltage is then ltered by the lter capacitor which allows the AC ripple signals to pass
through it and the DC signal is thus fed to the regulator IC. This ltered and recti ed DC signal
is then regulated by the IC voltage regulator. The voltage regulator used here ensures a
maximum output current of 100mA, which is further reduced to 20mA using the resistor. Thus
a regulated
output of about 12V, 20mA is used to drive two red LEDs.
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The resistor R1 acts as a bleeder resistor allowing the capacitor C1 to discharge once the
power is switched o . This provides a great deal of safety.

Applications of 230V LED Driver Circuit:

1. This circuit can be used for home lightening systems.
2. It can be used as an indicator circuit.
3. One can x this circuit with the door bell to give indication.

Limitations of LED Driver Circuit:

1. Since 230V AC supply is being directly used here, this circuit can be dangerous.
2. This circuit is best suited for domestic applications using single phase supply. This is
because in case of three phase supply, if any of the phases accidently touches the input
terminal, it can prove to be quite dangerous.
3. The capacitor can produce spikes at mains uctuations.

Related Articles

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