The IEEE Reliability Test System

System Description

The 24 bus system [1] is illustrated in Figure 1. The slack bus of the system is node 13.

Figure 1: 24-bus power system IEEE One Area RTS-96

1.1

Unit Data

Tables 1-3 present the generating units data of the power system. The generating units offer a single
block of energy, up and down reserve capacity. Table 1 provides the technical data of generating
units, Table 2 categorizes the units in different types and Table 3 provides the costs and initial state
of the generating units at the beginning of the scheduling horizon. The data is based on [1], [2], [3].

U nit

N ode

Unit 18
Unit 21
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit15b
Unit 16
Unit 23a
Unit 23b
Unit 7
Unit 13
Unit 15a
Unit 22

18
21
1
2
15
16
23
23
7
13
15
22

Table 1: Technical Data of Generating Units

Pmax
Pmin
R+
R
RU
RD
MW
MW
MW MW MW/min MW/min
400
400
152
152
155
155
310
350
350
591
60
300

100
100
30.4
30.4
54.25
54.25
108.5
140
75
206.85
12
300

0
0
40
40
30
30
60
40
70
180
60
0

0
0
40
40
30
30
60
40
70
180
60
0

6.67
6.67
2
2
3
3
3
4
7
3
1
5

6.67
6.67
2
2
3
3
3
4
7
3
1
5

UT
h

DT
h

1
1
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
12
4
0

1
1
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
10
2
0

Table 2: Unit Type

U nit T ype
U nit(s)
Nuclear
Coal/Stream
Coal/3 Stream
Oil/Stream
Hydro

U nit

18 21
1 2 15 16 23a
23b
7 13 15
22

Table 3: Costs and Initial State of Generating Units

C
Cu
Cd
Csu
Pini
Uini
$/MWh $/MW $/MW
$
MW
0/1

Unit 18
Unit 21
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit15b
Unit 16
Unit 23a
Unit 23b
Unit 7
Unit 13
Unit 15a
Unit 22

5.47
5.47
13.32
13.32
10.52
10.52
10.52
10.89
20.70
20.93
26.11
0.00

0
0
15
15
16
16
17
16
10
8
7
0

0
0
14
14
14
14
16
14
9
7
5
0

0
0
1430.4
1430.4
312
312
624
2298
1725
3056.7
437
0

320
320
121.6
121.6
0
124
248
280
0
0
0
240

1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1

Tini
h
50
16
22
22
-2
10
10
50
-2
-1
-1
24

A positive Tini shows the time periods that the generating unit has been online at the beginning
of scheduling horizon. A negative one shows the time periods that the generating unit has been
offline at the beginning of scheduling horizon.

1.2

Load Data

In Figure 2, the load profile is illustrated. Table 4 provides the total system demand per hour and
Table 5 presents the node location of the loads, as well as load at each node as a percentage of the
total system demand. The load data is based on [2].
System Demand
3000

System Demand [MW]

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

10

15

20

Hours

Figure 2: System Demand Profile

Hour
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Table 4: Load Profile

System Demand Hour System Demand
MW
MW
1598.252
1502.834
1431.270
1407.416
1407.416
1431.270
1765.233
2051.487
2266.178
2290.032
2290.032
2266.178

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

2266.178
2266.178
2218.469
2218.469
2361.596
2385.450
2385.450
2290.032
2170.760
1979.924
1741.379
1502.834

Table 5: Node Location and Distribution of the Total System Demand

Load
N ode % of system load
Load
N ode % of system load
Load
Load
Load
Load
Load
Load
Load
Load
Load

1.3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

3.8
3.4
6.3
2.6
2.5
4.8
4.4
6
6.1

Load
Load
Load
Load
Load
Load
Load
Load

10
13
14
15
16
18
19
20

10
13
14
15
16
18
19
20

6.8
9.3
6.8
11.1
3.5
11.7
6.4
4.5

Transmission Lines

The transmission lines data is given in Table 6. The lines are characterized by the nodes that are
connected, as well as the reactance and the capacity of each line. The data is based on [2].

F rom
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
5
6
7
8
8
9
9
10
10

Table 6: Reactance and Capacity of Transmission Lines

T o Reactance Capacity F rom T o Reactance Capacity
p.u.
MVA
p.u.
MVA
2
3
5
4
6
9
24
9
10
10
8
9
10
11
12
11
12

0.0146
0.2253
0.0907
0.1356
0.205
0.1271
0.084
0.111
0.094
0.0642
0.0652
0.1762
0.1762
0.084
0.084
0.084
0.084

175
175
350
175
175
175
400
175
350
175
350
175
175
400
400
400
400

11
11
12
12
13
14
15
15
15
16
16
17
17
18
19
20
21

13
14
13
23
23
16
16
21
24
17
19
18
22
21
20
23
22

0.0488
0.0426
0.0488
0.0985
0.0884
0.0594
0.0172
0.0249
0.0529
0.0263
0.0234
0.0143
0.1069
0.0132
0.0203
0.0112
0.0692

500
500
500
500
500
500
500
1000
500
500
500
500
500
1000
1000
1000
500

Implementation Including Wind Power Production

It is recommended to include six wind farms at different locations throughout the grid. It is proposed
to locate the wind farms at 3, 5, 7, 16, 21 and 23 nodes. In this case, the capacity on the transmission
lines connecting the node pairs (15,21), (14,16) and (13,23) is reduced to 400 MW, 250 MW and
250 MW, respectively. This is done in order to introduce bottlenecks in the transmission system.

References
[1] C. Grigg, P. Wong, P. Albrecht, R. Allan, M. Bhavaraju, R. Billinton, Q. Chen, C. Fong, S.
Haddad, S. Kuruganty, et al. The IEEE Reliability Test System 1996. A report prepared by the
reliability test system task force of the application of probability methods subcommittee. IEEE
Transactions on Power Systems, 14(3): 1010-1020, 1999.
[2] A. J. Conejo, M. Carrion, J. M. Morales. Decision Making under Uncertainty in Electricity
Markets. Springer US, 2010.
[3] F. Bouffard, F. D. Galiana, A. J. Conejo. Market-Clearing with Stochastic Security Part II:
Case Studies. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 20(4): 1827-1835, 2005.

Nomenclature
C

Production cost

Cd

Downward reserve cost

Csu

Start up cost

Cu

Upward reserve cost

DT

Minimum down time of each generating unit

Pini

Power output of each generating unit at time 0

Pmax

Maximum output power of each generating unit

Pmin

Minimum output power of each generating unit

R+

Maximum reserve capacity of up regulation of each generating unit

Minimum reserve capacity of up regulation of each generating unit

RD

Ramp down rate of each generating unit

RU

Ramp up rate of each generating unit

Tini

Number of hours of which the generating unit was in/out at the beginning of planning horizon

Uini

Stating whether the unit is online/offline at time 0

UT

Minimum up time of each generating unit