Chapter II

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Diverse related literature and related studies from different related sources
comprehensively sought by the researchers and presented in this chapter, which
discusses about other related case studies. This chapter correspondingly
explains the relation of the gathered related studies and literature to the study of
the researchers.
Evans (1999) indicated that building design should take advantage of
daylight without creating glare or overheating. Designers should take also into
consideration the effects of daylighting in aesthetics, psychological response,
health, energy and cost.
Factors mentioned can help in the utilization of sunshine for passive
heating and for daylighting and minimizes liabilities of overheating through sunshading, orientation, and related fenestrations designs.
Natural Ventilation is effective for cooling buildings that are properly
shaded and otherwise design to suit local climatic condition, such as air and
earth temperatures, relative humidity, daily and seasonal wind, and breeze
direction. In many locations and building types, these climatic design elements
can provide the principle source of cooling comfort in buildings (Watson and Labs
1993).
The comprehensive overview of natural ventilation can help facilitate air
change and movement, increases comfort, and reduces backup cooling
requirements.
Orient the building to take advantage of solar energy for passive and
active solar systems. The building should take advantage of shade and airflows
for cooling in summer, and of passive solar energy for heating (Harris and Dines
1998).

This particular practice will aid the researchers in considering solar access
and would serve as a guide in the placement of buildings and site features in
order to achieve an energy-conserving design.
Materials used in construction should be recycled and/or regionally
available, if possible, and have a low life-cycle cost (Harris and Dines 1998).
This can help the researchers with the use of recyclable materials for
construction purposes to help achieve an overall sustainable design of the
facility.
Existing vegetation may be used to moderate weather conditions and
provide protection for native wildlife. Vegetation can be used to provide shade
and transpiration in the summer. Additionally, vegetation can provide natural
corridors for wildlife movement when provided in conjunction with a regional
landscape plan (Harris and Dines 1998).
This information will enable the researcher to seek to maximize the use of
existing vegetation. This can also be used to develop a site plan and design that
meet the needs of its occupants as well as the existing environment.
According to Xiao, Inoue, and Paudel 2008, the most extensive use of
bamboo in construction is for walls and partitions. The major elements of a
bamboo wall generally constitute part of the structural framework. As such they
are required to carry the building self-weight and loadings imposed by the
occupants, the weather and earthquakes.
The range measures of flexibility, durability, and other capabilities of
bamboo will help in the determination of its structural and design limits.
Guidelines for the Registration and Administration of Incentives to AgroIndustrial Economic Zone Developers/Operators and Locators under Republic
Act No. 7916 includes policies on location, landholding rights, area, registrable
activities and fiscal incentives.
The data supports the legal basis of the study.

Republic Act 9514, also known as the Fire Code of the Philippines, covers
the fire safety measures for buildings, structures, and facilities for the protection
of both the property and its users.
The compliance of the law not only means the grant of an occupancy
permit but also the assurance of less damages and casualties in case of fire
break out.
Presidential Decree 1096, also known as the National Building Code of
the Philippines, encompasses regulations on parking requirements of an agroindustrial development as well as its supporting and conditional uses. The code
also includes standards and regulations on building height, setbacks and others.
The data contained in the code in the code determines the number of
parking slots, building height limits and setbacks required for an agro-industrial
facility.
Batas Pambansa 344, also known as the Accessibility Law, covers the
required architectural design treatments, standards and regulations to make
buildings and facilities convenient and accessible to persons with disabilities.
The mobility of persons with disabilities is improved through the integration
of the law into the plans of the agro-industrial facility.
Republic Act 7586, also known as the National Integrated Protected Areas
System Act (NIPAS) of 1992, protects the natural environment from profound
effect of human activities like increasing population, resource exploitation and
industrial advancement.
According to the Best Practices Ecotourism Development Guidelines,
2015, the site layout should be compatible with the landscape.
In planning the site layout, the landscape features should pre dominate
and the ecotourism facility should blend into the surrounding environment. The
ecotourism facility design and layout should also maximize the use of landscape
features and natural geological formations of the site.

According to the Best Practices Ecotourism Development Guidelines,

2015, the ecotourism facility design and appearance should be compatible with
the landscape and local conditions.
The ecotourism facility should consider orientation to provide insulation,
ventilation, heating and passive cooling. Landscape features should be reflected
in design through scale, form, color, and texture of the ecotourism facility.
According to the Best Practices Ecotourism Development Guidelines,
2015, the ecotourism operation should minimize its footprint on the site and the
facilitys construction methods should have a low impact.
The consideration should be given to modular, pre-fabricated and easy to
assemble construction technologies to reduce construction related impacts.
Locally sourced and lightweight yet durable materials and construction practices
should be considered and renewable and non-toxic and environmentally
sustainable materials should also be used throughout the ecotourism facility.
According to the greenfield geography, to achieve environmental
sustainability in the design, the use of public transport or non-polluting transport
methods like cycling, walking, and kayaking should be encouraged or promoted.
In the development of the ecotourism facility which is an eco-adventure
park, the use of non-pollutant modes of transport like cycling, kayaking, etc. will
bring benefit to reduce impacts in the environment.
In Costa Rica Ecotourism Case Study, it is stated that trails in reserves
should only be limited to certain areas, allowing wildlife to exist undisturbed
elsewhere.
There should also be limitations to certain areas in the eco-adventure park
so that the wildlife in the area can still live within the site of the development.