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Tutorials
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Copyright notice does not imply publication.
RADIOSS
........................................................................................................................................... 1
Basic
Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis
...............................................................................................................................................
2
RD-1000:
Linear
Static
Analysis
of
a
Plate
with
a
Hole
................................................................................................................................... 3
RD-1010:
Thermal Stress Analysis of a Coffee Pot Lid
...................................................................................................................................
13
RD-1020:
Normal Modes Analysis of a Splash Shield
...................................................................................................................................
23
RD-1030:
3D
Inertia
Relief
Analysis
using
RADIOSS
................................................................................................................................... 32
RD-1040:
3D Buckling Analysis using RADIOSS
...................................................................................................................................
40
RD-1050:
Connection of Dissimilar Meshes using CWELD Elements
...................................................................................................................................
47
RD-1060:
Analysis of a Composite Aircraft Structure using PCOMPG
...................................................................................................................................
57
RD-1070:
Analysis of an Axi-symmetric Structure using RADIOSS
...................................................................................................................................
69
RD-1080:
Coupled Linear Heat Transfer/Structure Analysis
...................................................................................................................................
77
RD-1085:
Linear Steady State Heat Convection Analysis
...................................................................................................................................
88
RD-1100: Thermal Stress Analysis of a Printed Circuit Board with Anisotropic
Material
Properties
...................................................................................................................................
98
RD-1110:
Setting up a Modal Analysis
...................................................................................................................................
104
Advanced
Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis
...............................................................................................................................................
109
RD-2000:
Direct
Frequency
Response
Analysis
of
a
Flat
Plate
................................................................................................................................... 110
RD-2010:
Modal Frequency Response Analysis of a Flat Plate
...................................................................................................................................
122
RD-2020:
Direct Transient Dynamic Analysis of a Bracket
...................................................................................................................................
134
RD-2030:
Modal
Transient
Dynamic
Analysis
of
a
Bracket
................................................................................................................................... 143
RD-2040:
Nonlinear Gap Analysis of an Airplane Wing Rib
...................................................................................................................................
154
RD-2050:
Random Response Analysis of a Flat Plate
...................................................................................................................................
166
RD-2060:
Acoustic
Analysis
of
a
Half
Car
Model
................................................................................................................................... 172
RD-2070:
Fatigue (Stress - Life) Method
...................................................................................................................................
185
RD-2080:
Fatigue (Strain - Life) Method
...................................................................................................................................
213
RD-2090:
NLSTAT Analysis of Gasket Materials in Contact
...................................................................................................................................
241
RD-2100:
NLSTAT Analysis of Solid Blocks in Contact
...................................................................................................................................
254
RD-2110:
Complex Eigenvalue Analysis of a Reduced Brake System
...................................................................................................................................
266
RD-2120:
Response Spectrum Analysis of a Structure
...................................................................................................................................
271
RD-2130:
Computation of Equivalent Radiant Power
...................................................................................................................................
281
RD-2140:
Heat Transfer Analysis on Piston Rings wth GAP Elements
...................................................................................................................................
286
Large
Displacement Finite Element Analysis
...............................................................................................................................................
293
Block
Format
................................................................................................................................... 294
Bulk...................................................................................................................................
Format
590
Multi-body
Dynamics
Analysis
............................................................................................................................................... 600
RD-4000:
Dynamic Analysis of a Three-body Model using RADIOSS
...................................................................................................................................
601
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RD-4010:
Dynamic Analysis of a Slider Crank with a Flexible Connecting Rod
...................................................................................................................................
613
RD-4020:
Large Displacement Analysis of a Cantilever Beam using RADIOSS
...................................................................................................................................
628
RD-4030:
Generating a Flexible Body for use in Altair MotionSolve
...................................................................................................................................
639
RD-4040:
MBD Rigid Contact
...................................................................................................................................
644
RD-4050:
Curve to Curve Constraint
...................................................................................................................................
655
RD-4060: Defining Point to Deformable Curve Joint in HM and Analysis using
RADIOSS
................................................................................................................................... 664
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RADIOSS
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Exercise
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh and set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User
Profile
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
A User Profiles Graphic User Interface (GUI) will appear.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and
import reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for
generating models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct.
2.
Select the plate_hole.hm file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
3.
Click O pe n.
The plate_hole.hm database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session, replacing
any existing data. The database only contains geometric data.
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2.
Make sure the create subpanel is selected using the radio buttons on the left-hand side
of the panel.
3.
4.
5.
6.
8.
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2.
Make sure the create subpanel is selected using the radio buttons on the left-hand side
of the panel.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
9.
10.
11.
Make sure the update subpanel is selected using the radio buttons on the left-hand side
of the panel.
12.
13.
14.
Click pro pe rty = twice and select the pla te _ho le property from the list.
Property card image and material information are listed below the property entry field.
15.
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2.
Make sure the create subpanel is selected using the radio buttons on the left-hand side
of the panel.
3.
4.
5.
Click the cre a tio n m e tho d switch and select no ca rd im a ge from the pop-up menu.
6.
Click cre a te .
8.
9.
Click cre a te .
A new load collector, forces is created.
10.
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2.
3.
Make sure nodes are selected from the entity selection switch.
4.
Click no de s and select by windo w from the pop-up extended entity selection menu.
5.
Draw a window in the graphics area encompassing the nodes to be selected (shown in
the figure).
The window is polygonal, and every mouse click creates a window vertex.
6.
7.
Constrain dof1, dof2, dof3, dof4, dof5, and dof6 and set all of them to a value of 0.0.
Dofs with a check will be constrained, while dofs without a check will be free.
Dofs 1, 2, and 3 are x, y, and z translation degrees of freedom.
Dofs 4, 5, and 6 are x, y, and z rotational degrees of freedom.
8.
Click cre a te .
This applies the constraints to the selected nodes.
9.
Set your current load collector to fo rce s in Model Browser as shown before in point 1
under Step 6.
2.
3.
Make sure nodes are selected from the entity selection switch.
4.
Click no de s and select by windo w from the pop-up extended entity selection menu.
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5.
Draw a window in the graphics area encompassing the nodes shown in the figure below.
The window is polygonal, and every mouse click creates a window vertex.
The following figure indicates which nodes should be selected.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Click m a gnitude = and enter 21.277 (that is 1000 divided by the number of nodes 47).
10.
Click the dire ctio n de finitio n switch below magnitude =, and select z - a xis from the
pop-up menu.
11.
Click cre a te .
This creates a number of point forces, with the given magnitude in the z-direction, to be
applied to the nodes about the hole.
12.
2.
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3.
Click the ty pe : switch and select line a r s ta tic, if it is not already selected by default.
4.
5.
Click on the e ntry field and select s pcs from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the e ntry field and select fo rce s from the list of load collectors.
8.
Click cre a te .
A RADIOSS subcase has been created which references the constraints in the load
collector spcs and the forces in the load collector forces.
9.
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, plate_hole.fem, in the File name: field.
The .fem filename extension is the recommended extension for RADIOSS Bulk Data
Format input decks.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the plate_hole.fem file displays in the input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
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8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the job is successful, you should see new results files
in the directory from which plate_hole.fem was selected. The plate_hole.out file is
a good place to look for error messages that could help debug the input deck if any
errors are present.
The default files written to the directory are:
plate_hole.html
plate_hole.out
plate_hole.h3d
plate_hole.res
plate_hole.stat
Once you receive the message 'Proc e ss Com ple t e d Suc c e ssfully ' in the command
window, click H y pe rVie w.
HyperView is launched and the results are loaded. A message window appears to inform
of the successful model and result files loading into HyperView.
2.
3.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select E le m e nt Stre s s e s [2D &
3D ] (t).
4.
Select the second pull-down menu below Result type: and select v o nM is e s .
5.
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6.
Click Apply .
A contoured image representing von Mises stresses should be visible. Each element in
the model is assigned a legend color, indicating the von Mises stress value for that
element, resulting from the applied loads and boundary conditions.
7.
Click To p in the view controls from the top center to view the model, as shown in the
following figure.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select D is pla ce m e nt (v ).
2.
Select the second pull-down menu below Result type: and select M a g.
3.
Click Apply .
The resulting contours represent the displacement field resulting from the applied loads
and boundary conditions.
What is the maximum Displacement value?
At what location does the model have its maximum displacement?
Does this make sense based on the boundary conditions applied to the model?
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11
Click Is o in the view controls (top center) to display the isometric view of the model.
2.
3.
Set Result type: to D is pla ce m e nt(v ), Scale: to Sca le fa cto r; and Type: to Unifo rm .
4.
This means that the displacement results of the analysis will be multiplied by 500.
5.
6.
Click Apply .
A deformed plot of your model with displacement contour should be visible, overlaid on
the original undeformed mesh. Refer to the following figure to see what the plot should
look like in isometric view.
Isometric view of deformed plot overlaid on the original undeformed mesh with model units set to 500.
12
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Step 1: Launch HyperMesh and set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User
Profile
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
A User Profiles Graphic User Interface (GUI) will appear.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. These profiles include the appropriate template, macro menu,
and import reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for
generating models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct.
User Profiles can also be accessed from the Preferences menu on the toolbar.
2.
Select the coffee_lid.hm file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
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13
3.
Click O pe n.
The coffee_lid.hm database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session, replacing
any existing data. The database only contains geometric data.
2.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create and
click M a te ria l.
A Create Material window opens.
3.
4.
5.
Activate the C a rd e dit m a te ria l upo n cre a tio n option and click C re a te .
The MAT1 card image appears.
6.
7.
Click re turn.
A new material, plastic, has now been created. The material uses RADIOSS' linear
isotropic material model, MAT1. This material has a Young's Modulus of 1137, a Poisson's
Ratio of 0.26, and a coefficient of linear thermal expansion of 81x10-6. It is not
necessary to define a density value since only a static analysis will be performed.
Density values are required, however, for other solution sequences .
14
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2.
Click the switch and select pro ps from the pop-up menu.
3.
Click pro ps and then check the box to the left of PSHELL.
4.
Click s e le ct.
5.
Click e dit.
7.
8.
Click pro ps and then check the box to the left of PSHELL1.
9.
Click e dit.
The PSHELL1 card image appears.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Select the update subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
14.
15.
Check the boxes next to PSHELL and PSHELL1 and click s e le ct.
16.
17.
Click upda te .
The property collectors PSHELL and PSHELL1 now reference the material plastic. If you
access the Card Editor and edit either of these property collectors, you will notice that
the MID entries are now all 1.
18.
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15
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create and
click Lo a dC o lle cto r.
A Create Loadcollector window opens.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click C re a te .
A new load collector, constraints is created. This is now the current load collector.
2.
Click the e ntity s e le ctio n switch and select no de s from the pop-up menu.
3.
Select the two nodes, shown in the following figure, at the corners of the spout cut-out,
by clicking on them in the graphics area.
16
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5.
Select cre a te .
Two constraints are created. Constraint symbols (triangles) appear in the graphics area
at the selected nodes. The number 3 is written beside the constraint symbol, indicating
the dof constrained.
6.
7.
Click G e o m e try > C re a te > No de s > X Y Z to open the Nodes: XYZ panel.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click cre a te .
A node is created with the coordinates (0, -10, 0). This indicates the centerline of
the coffee lid.
6.
7.
8.
Select the nodes in the following figure, by clicking on them in the graphics area.
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17
9.
10.
Click cre a te .
This creates four more constraints. Again, this is verified by the appearance of
constraint symbols in the graphics area.
11.
12.
Click the Geom radio button, and select the temp nodes panel.
13.
14.
2.
3.
Toggle the type: using the selection switch to select line a r s ta tic.
4.
5.
Click on the e ntry field and select co ns tra ints from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the e ntry field and select TH E R M AL_LO AD ING from the list of load collectors.
(Uncheck all other entries, except SPC and TEMP).
8.
Click cre a te .
A RADIOSS subcase has been created which references the constraints in the load
collector constraints and the thermal loads in the load collector THERMAL_LOADING.
9.
From the Analysis page (accessed by clicking the radio button), enter the R a dio s s
panel.
2.
18
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3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, lid_complete.fem, in the File name: field.
The .fem filename extension is the suggested extension for RADIOSS Bulk Data Format
input decks.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note that the name and location of the lid_complete.fem file is now displayed in the
input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the job is successful, new results files can be seen in
the directory where the RADIOSS model file was written. The lid_complete.out file is
a good place to look for error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any
errors are present.
The default files written to your directory are:
lid_complete.html
lid_complete.out
lid_complete.h3d
lid_complete.res
lid_complete.stat
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19
2.
on the toolbar.
3.
4.
5.
6.
This means that the maximum displacement will be two model units and all other
displacements will be proportional.
7.
Set the toggle under Undeformed Shape to W ire fra m e , and select Color as the
C o m po ne nt.
8.
Click Apply .
A deformed plot of the model should be visible, overlaid on the original undeformed mesh.
Refer to the following figure to see what the plot should look like in isometric view.
Does the deformed shape look correct for the boundary conditions applied to the mesh?
Isometric view of deformed plot overlaid on original undeformed mesh with model units set to 2.
20
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2.
3.
For data type, select M a g which represents the magnitude of the displacements.
4.
Click Apply .
A contoured image of your model should be visible. The contours represent the
displacement field resulting from the applied loads and boundary conditions.
What is the maximum displacement value?
At what location does the model have its maximum displacement?
Does this make sense based on the boundary conditions applied to the model?
5.
6.
7.
Click Apply .
Each element in the model is assigned a legend color, indicating the von Mises stress
value for that element, resulting from the applied loads and boundary conditions.
What is the maximum von Mises stress value?
At what location does the model have its maximum stress?
Does this make sense based on the boundary conditions applied to the model?
8.
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21
In this analysis, the region around the hinges may be a concern. There are relatively high
stress values that must be resolved. For instance, if testing shows that the coffee pot lid
wears out around the hinge area over time, these thermal stresses could possibly cause that
fatigue.
22
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Exercise
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh and set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User
Profile
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
A User Profiles Graphic User Interface (GUI) will appear.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and import
reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating models
in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct.
2.
3.
4.
Browse for sshield.fem file located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/ and select the file.
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23
5.
Click O pe n.
6.
icon.
The following steps show how to review the properties of the rigid elements.
1.
Click M e s h > E dit > 1D E le m e nts > R igids to open the Rigids panel.
2.
Click re v ie w.
3.
4.
2.
Select the create subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
3.
4.
5.
7.
24
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8.
9.
Click re turn.
A new material, steel, has now been created. The material uses RADIOSS linear
isotropic material model, MAT1. This material has a Young's Modulus of 2E+05, a
Poisson's Ratio of 0.3 and a material density of 7.85E-09. A material density is required
for the normal modes solution sequence.
At any time the card image for this collector can be modified using C a rd E dito r.
10.
11.
12.
Click the downward arrow to the left of the entity shown in the yellow box, select pro ps
from the extended entity list.
13.
Click the yellow pro ps button and then check the box next to design and nondesign.
14.
Click s e le ct.
15.
16.
Click e dit.
The PSHELL card image for the design component collector appears.
17.
18.
19.
2.
Select the create subpanel, using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
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25
3.
4.
Click ca rd im a ge = and select E IG R L from the pop-up menu. (If no card image is
displayed, use the toggle switch and select card image from the menu).
5.
6.
7.
8.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Select the two nodes, shown in the figure above, at the center of the rigid spiders, by
clicking on them in the graphics area.
6.
7.
26
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8.
Click cre a te .
Two constraints are created. Constraint symbols (triangles) appear in the graphics area
at the selected nodes. The number 123456 is written beside the constraint symbol, if
the label constraints is checked ON, indicating that all dofs are constrained.
9.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the e ntry field and select co ns tra ints from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the e ntry field and select E IG R L from the list of load collectors.
8.
Click cre a te .
A RADIOSS subcase has been created which references the constraints in the load
collector constraints and the real eigenvalue extraction data in the load collector EIGRL
.
9.
2.
Use the browser to select set the directory in which you want to save the file.
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27
3.
4.
Click Sa v e .
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the file and, in File name:, enter
sshield_complete.fem.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note that the name and location of the sshield_complete.fem file shows in the input
file: field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job.
If the job was successful, new results files can be seen in the directory where the
RADIOSS model file was written. The sshield_complete.out file is a good place to look
for error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors are present.
The default files written to your directory are:
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Step 10: Load the Model and Result Files into the Animation Window
In this step, you will load a HyperView .h3d file into the HyperView animation window.
1.
2.
Anim a tio n M o de
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and select Se t M o da l
29
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click Apply .
7.
8.
In the Results Browser pull-down menu, you can change the view between various
subcases using the Load Case and Simulation Selection drop-down menus, as shown
below:
9.
10.
11.
To control the animation speed, use the Animation Controls on the animation toolbar,
as shown below:
12.
30
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31
Exercise
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh, set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User Profile
and retrieve the model file
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
2.
3.
32
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4.
5.
6.
Click O pe n.
The ie_carm.hm database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session, replacing any
existing data.
Step 2: Create load collectors used to conduct the inertia relief analysis
In this step you will create two collectors. One for static loads and the other for constraints.
1.
2.
Select the create subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
3.
4.
5.
Click the cre a tio n m e tho d switch and select no card image from the pop-up menu.
6.
Click cre a te .
7.
8.
9.
Click cre a te .
A new load collector SPCs is created.
10.
2.
Verify the yellow entity selector is set to nodes. If not, click the switch to the left and
select nodes.
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33
3.
Select the node that sits in the middle of the multi-node rigid on the foremost
attachment point of the control arm to the chassis. This can be seen in the following
figure as 1s t co ns tra int.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Select the node and the rearward attachment point of the control arm of the chassis
that can be seen in the figure as 2nd co ns tra int a pplie d.
8.
9.
Click cre a te .
10.
Create the third constraint by deselecting the do f2 and choosing the top node in the
rigid which would fasten the bottom of the shock assembly to the control arm. This can
be seen in the figure below. (Switch to the Wireframe Elements Skin Only mode by
clicking on the
11.
34
Click cre a te .
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12.
2.
3.
Verify the yellow entity selector is set to nodes. If not, click the switch and select
nodes.
4.
Select the node on the top of the rigid at the end of the control arm as shown in the
picture below.
5.
6.
Click the switch beside the direction selector and select x- a xis .
7.
Click cre a te .
8.
Select the same node. (After verifying that the yellow entity selector is set to nodes
and is activated).
9.
10.
11.
Click cre a te .
The forces can be seen in the figure below.
12.
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35
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the e ntry field and select static_loads from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the e ntry field and select SPCs from the list of load collectors.
8.
Click cre a te .
A RADIOSS loadstep has been created, which references the inertia relief support points
in the load collector SPCs and the forces in the load collector static_loads.
9.
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Step 6: Create the control cards necessary to conduct the inertia relief
analysis
1.
Click Se tup > C re a te > C o ntro l C a rds to open the Control Cards panel.
Note: Please use the Next and Prev buttons to browse through the different control
card pages.
2.
Click TITLE and enter a title for this inertia relief analysis.
3.
4.
5.
2.
Verify ie_carm.fem is in the field after input file:. If not, click s a v e a s .and enter
ie_carm.fem.
The file extension .fem is necessary for RADIOSS to recognize it as an input file.
3.
4.
5.
Click R a dio s s . (You must have saved the file in Step 2 to proceed further).
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the job is successful, you should see new results files
in the directory where HyperMesh was invoked. The ie_carm.out file is a good place to
look for error messages that will help you debug your input deck, if any errors are
present.
The default files that will be written to your directory are:
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ie_carm.
html
ie_carm.
h3d
ie_carm.
res
ie_carm.
out
ie_carm.
stat
2.
3.
4.
5.
This means that the maximum displacement will be 10 model units and all other
displacements will be proportional.
6.
Click Apply .
7.
Set the toggle under Undeformed shape: to W ire fra m e : and select Color as the
C o m po ne nt.
A deformed plot of the model should be visible, overlaid on the original undeformed mesh.
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2.
3.
Both the play speed and starting point of the animation can be controlled using the
Animation Controls.
4.
With the animation running, use the lower slider bar in the Animation Controls panel to
adjust the speed of the animation.
5.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon, again, to stop the animation.
Step 10: View a von Mises stress contour of the static loadcase
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Once you are finished viewing, select File from the menu and select E xit to exit
HyperView.
Note:
Beginning with 8.0, there is a parameter PARAM, INREL, -2 that can activate
inertia relief analysis without the need for a SUPORT/SUPORT1 entry. You can
activate that parameter by clicking on the PARAM field on the control cards
panel. In this tutorial, our intention was to show the steps in creating
SUPORT1 cards; therefore the parameter was not used.
As an additional exercise, you could run this tutorial using the above
mentioned parameter. In that case, you would not create SUPORT1 cards or
choose that load collector in the subcase.
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39
Overview
In this tutorial you will learn the steps required to perform a buckling analysis using RADIOSS.
The figure below illustrates the structural model used for this tutorial.
This tutorial will use the following exercises to set up the structural model for a buckling
analysis:
Create boundary conditions for buckling analysis
Post-process results
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Exercise
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh, set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User Profile
and retrieve the file
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Find the buckling.hm file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
6.
Click O pe n.
The structural model has already been set up to contain the necessary elements, parts,
property, and material data.
Right-click in the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create and click
on Lo a dC o lle cto r.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click C re a te .
7.
8.
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41
9.
Set the C a rd im a ge : to E IG R L.
10.
11.
Click the check boxes next to C a rd e dit lo a dco lle cto r upo n cre a tio n and C lo s e dia lo g
upo n cre a tio n.
Clicking C re a te will bring up the card editor for the newly created load collector.
12.
13.
Click ND to edit the field, enter in a value of 2 in the text box, and press E nte r.
Note: This tells RADIOSS that you would like to extract the first two buckling modes.
14.
From Model Browser expand Load Collector, right-click on SPC > M a ke C urre nt.
2.
3.
Select all of the nodes on the bottom face of the beam, as shown in the figure (Use the
nodes: on Plane option by clicking on the yellow entity selection panel that reads
nodes and select o n pla ne . Now, make sure that the N1N2N3B selection entities are
Displayed and N1 is active. Click on any three nodes on the plane shown in the figure
below and click on Se le ct E ntitie s . This selects all the nodes on the plane).
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4.
5.
Click the green cre a te button to create the necessary boundary constraints.
6.
Click re turn.
7.
From the Model Browser, expand Load Collector, right-click on Sta tic_lo a d > M a ke
C urre nt.
8.
9.
Select all of the nodes on the top face of the beam, as indicated in the figure below
(Use the procedure outlined in Step 3.3).
10.
11.
12.
13.
Click re turn.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the entry field and select SPC from the list of load collectors.
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43
6.
Check the box preceding Load and select Static_load from the list of load collectors.
7.
Click cre a te .
A RADIOSS subcase has been created which references the SPC in the load collector
SPC and the forces in the load collector Static_load.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Click on the entry field and select SPC from the list of load collectors.
12.
Check the box preceding METHOD(STRUCT) and select B uckling_lo a d from the list of
load collectors.
13.
Check the box preceding STATSUB and select Line a r from the list of load collectors.
A STATSUB card allows for the selection of a linear static subcase for buckling analysis.
14.
Click cre a te .
15.
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and name your
input file (buckling.fem, for example) and click Sa v e .
4.
5.
6.
7.
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buckling.res
buckling.out
buckling.stat
2.
Use the drop-down Subcase selector to change the analysis that you are reviewing in
the current window.
3.
4.
5.
Select E le m e nt Stre s s e s (2D a nd 3D ) as the Result type and set the sub type to
v o n M is e s .
6.
Click Apply .
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45
2.
Activate Subca s e 2 B uckling in the Results Browser and make sure the simulation is
for M o de 1.
3.
4.
5.
Under Undeformed shape:, for Show:, select W ire fra m e from the drop-down list.
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47
Exercise
Launch HyperMesh.
A User Profiles Graphic User Interface (GUI) will appear.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the required User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and
import reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating
models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct.
2.
Select the dissimilar.hm file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
2.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and move the mouse over Create to
activate the extended menu and click Pro pe rty .
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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8.
9.
Click C re a te .
The PSHELL card image appears.
10.
11.
Click the switch next to USER and select B LANK from the pop-up menu.
Notice the MID2 field disappears from the card image.
12.
13.
Click the switch next to USER and select B LANK from the pop-up menu.
Notice the MID3 field disappears from the card-image.
14.
15.
16.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and move the mouse over Create to
activate the extended menu and click Pro pe rty .
17.
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49
Figure 2
18.
This time, click the radio button next to Same as: and select m e m bra ne _co a rs e .
19.
Uncheck the check box next to Card edit property upon creation.
20.
Click C re a te .
This creates the new property named membrane_fine with the same properties as
membrane_coarse.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
on the toolbar.
Membrane elements are created on the faces of solid_coarse component and they
appear on the graphic window.
27.
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28.
29.
30.
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51
31.
32.
Click m o v e .
The elements are now part of the membrane_coarse component.
33.
34.
Select the fa ce s panel from the Tool page of the main menu.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
Membrane elements are created on the faces of solid_fine component and they appear
on the graphic window.
42.
43.
44.
45.
Select only the elements that lie on the matching face as shown below. (Use a method
similar to the one mentioned in sub-step 30 of this section).
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46.
Click de s t co m po ne nt= and select m e m bra ne _fine from the list of components.
47.
Click m o v e .
The elements are now part of the membrane_fine component.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
Click the icon highlighted in red below to keep only the membrane elements in display.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Set the weld diameter, D, by clicking on [D] and entering 0.1 in the field below.
8.
Click re turn twice to save the card image and exit the panel.
This creates a new property definition named welds.
9.
10.
Select the create subpanel, using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
11.
12.
13.
Click the switch beside pro pe rty = and set it to <no property>.
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53
14.
Click cre a te .
This creates the new component named welds.
15.
16.
17.
Make sure the using elems subpanel is selected, using the radio buttons on the lefthand side of the panel.
18.
19.
Click the switch under element config: and select ro d from the pop-up menu.
20.
Click pro pe rty = and select we lds from the list of properties.
21.
22.
Click no de s , select the by co lle cto r option, and select the m e m bra ne _fine collector
(click s e le ct).
23.
Click cre a te .
A weld element is created at each node on the fine-mesh matching face. A number of
plot elements are created too, these are helpful to find the elements attached when
looking for the welds.
24.
2.
3.
Click Sa v e .
2.
Click s a v e a s and select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS
model file, enter the file name dissimilar.fem, and click Sa v e .
3.
4.
5.
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6.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the job is successful, new results files can be seen in
the directory where the RADIOSS model file was written. The dissimilar.out file is a
good place to look for error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors
are present.
The default files written to the directory are:
dissimilar.html
dissimilar.out
dissimilar.h3d
dissimilar.stat
Once you see the message Proc e ss c om ple t e d suc c e ssfully in the command window,
close the DOS window.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select D is pla ce m e nt (v ).
6.
Click Apply .
.
.
The resulting colors as shown in the above figure represent the displacement field
resulting from the applied loads and boundary conditions.
7.
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on the toolbar.
55
8.
Choose the second layout in the first row of the pop-up window and click C lo s e .
This changes the graphic area in two separate windows. The left window will have the
previously loaded model and the right window will be blank. We will load the control
example in the right side window to compare the results.
9.
10.
11.
Click Lo a d M o de l button
and select the file control.h3d, located in the
HyperWorks installation directory under <install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/
radioss/ as both the model and results file.
12.
Click Apply .
13.
Right-click on the left pane and activate menu over Apply Sty le To > C urre nt Pa ge >
All Se le cte d.
in the toolbar.
This option will apply results from the current window to the new window.
You can now visually compare the displacement results from the dissimilar mesh model
with a uniform mesh model.
2.
Click
3.
4.
5.
Click Apply .
6.
Right-click on the left pane and activate menu over Apply Style To > C urre nt Pa ge >
All Se le cte d.
You can now visually compare the von Mises stress results from the dissimilar model with
a uniform mesh model.
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Torsion frame
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57
Launch HyperMesh.
2.
Select R a dio s s and B ulkD a ta from the User Profile dialog and click O K.
3.
4.
Select the file frame.hm, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
5.
Click O pe n.
The frame.hm database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session, replacing any
existing data.
Components in this model that have names starting with the word "Flange" represent
junctions in which different components are connected together. While reviewing, we will
closely watch the flange area formed by the Skin and Rib components (highlighted in the
following figure). We will review the ply lay-up of the Skin_inner, Rib, Flange1_Rib_Skin,
and Flange2_Rib_Skin components (laminate layout is shown in the bottom portion of the
following figure). Note that few plies are common for the Skin_inner, Flange1_Rib_Skin,
Flange2_Rib_Skin, and Skin_outer components, but appear in different stacking sequence
in each component. For example, the 4th ply in Skin_inner is the 3rd ply in Flange2_Rib
_Skin and the 2nd ply in Skin_outer components.
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Ply stacking for the Skin_inner, Rib, Skin_outer, Flange1_Rib_Skin, and Flange2_Rib_Skin components
1.
From the 2D page, click H y pe rLa m ina te to enter the Graphic User Interface (GUI).
This opens the HyperLaminate (GUI) in which the ply lay-up information can be defined,
reviewed and edited. Material properties and design variables can also be created and
edited here.
2.
Expand the La m ina te s portion of the tree structure on the left-hand side of the screen.
3.
4.
Verify that the lay-up definition for Skin_inner matches the first 5 entries of the table
below, which is the lay-up information of Flange1_Rib_Skin component.
5.
Select the Rib PCOMP and verify that the 3rd and 4th lay-up definition for Rib matches
the 6th and 7th entries in the following table.
6.
Select the Flange1_Rib_Skin PCOMP to view the ply lay-up definitions. Verify that the
lay-up definition for Flange1_Rib_Skin matches the following table.
Observe that the first 5 layers are the same as Skin_inner lay-ups and that the last
two lay-ups are the same as the 3rd and 4th lay up of R ib, as shown in the last figure.
You can verify how other flanges are modeled.
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59
7.
Ply Number
Material
Thickness T
Orientation
SOUT
carbon_fiber
1.2
45
YES
matrix
0.2
90
YES
carbon_fiber
1.2
-45
YES
matrix
0.2
-90
YES
carbon_fiber
1.2
90
YES
matrix
0.2
-45
YES
carbon_fiber
1.2
45
YES
You can also review the other components. Once the review is completed, select E xit
from the File menu.
You will exit the HyperLaminate GUI and return to HyperMesh.
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, frame_PCOMP.fem, in the input file: field.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the frame_PCOMP.fem file now displays in the input file:
field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the analysis is successful, no error messages are
reported to the shell. The analysis is complete when the message Proc e ss c om ple t e d
suc c e ssfully appears in the shell.
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frame_PCOMP
.out
frame_PCOMP
.h3d
frame_PCOMP
.stat
The frame_PCOMP.out file is a good place to look for error messages that will help to
debug the input deck if any errors are present.
2.
3.
4.
Select the first switch below Result type: and select C o m po s ite Stre s s e s (s ).
5.
6.
7.
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61
8.
Click Apply .
This contours the maximum principle stress for the 3rd ply of all the components in the
model.
9.
The stress value does not vary gradually in the top face region, but suddenly decreases
to a lower value across the Flange2_Rib_Skin component. Looking at the table of
laminate properties of Flange1_Rib_Skin again, we can observe that 3rd ply property of
the Flange2_Rib_Skin component is of a matrix material and the third plies in the
components adjacent to it (Flange1_Rib_Skin and Skin_outer) are of a carbon fiber
material. The sudden changes in the stress values occur because we are looking at
stress on two different materials. This example shows that, for the results to be
meaningful during post-processing of the PCOMP results, you have to correlate the ply
results to their corresponding ply property.
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This highlights that, during the post-processing of PCOMP components, plotting results
based on just the ply number is not sufficient. You have to keep track of ply properties
(material, thickness, orientation, failure index, etc.) on your own during post-processing
with this method. In cases that use large and complex models, it becomes tedious to
track the individual ply properties during post-processing.
This drawback to using PCOMP can be avoided with the use of the PCOMPG card for
property definition. Using the PCOMPG card, you can assign a global ply number for each
ply and post-process the results based on global ply number. The following steps explain
the procedure to redefine the model with PCOMPG property.
2.
3.
4.
5.
We will now create new PCOMPG components with global ply numbers defined as shown
in the above figure. As discussed earlier, the 4th ply in Skin_inner is the 3rd ply in
Flange2_Rib_Skin and the 2nd ply in Skin_outer components. Therefore, all of these
plies will be defined with the same global ply ID 4. Similarly, all other plies are to be
defined, as shown in the above figure.
6.
Expand the laminates portion of the tree structure on the left-hand side of the screen.
7.
Right-click PC O M PG .
A menu will appear.
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63
8.
Click Ne w.
This creates new component, which is named NewLaminate1 by default, and the tree
structure is expanded.
9.
10.
11.
Select the pull-down menu below Material and select ca rbo n_fibe r.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Repeat this procedure to add 4 more plies with the properties shown in the table:
17.
GPLYID
Material
Thickness T
Orientation
SOUT
matrix
0.2
90
YES
carbon_fiber
1.2
-45
YES
matrix
0.2
-90
YES
carbon_fiber
1.2
90
YES
Click on Upda te La m ina te at the bottom of the window to update the lay-up
information.
The graphical display of lay-up information now appears in the field below the Review
tab, on the right side of the GUI.
18.
Create a new PCOMPG component with name Rib_GPLY and the ply lay-up, as shown in
the following table:
GPLYID
Material
Thickness T
Orientation
SOUT
11
carbon_fiber
1.2
YES
12
matrix
0.2
45
YES
13
matrix
0.2
-45
YES
14
carbon_fiber
1.2
45
YES
Referring to the figure showing laminate information with global ply number above, we will
create the Flange1_Rib_Skin_GPLY component.
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19.
Right-click on Skin_inne r_G PLY and select Duplicate from the menu to create an
identical component.
20.
21.
Add 2 more plies with the properties shown in the following table using the Add New Ply
feature.
GPLYID
Material
Thickness T
Orientation
SOUT
13
matrix
0.2
-45
YES
14
carbon_fiber
1.2
45
YES
The new component Flange1_Rib_Skin_GPLY was created. Its first 5 plies are the
same as Skin_inner_GPLY and its last 2 plies are the 3rd and 4th plies of the Rib
component.
To reduce the number of steps in this tutorial, the ply lay-up information of other
components is already defined with PCOMPG property and appropriate laminate
information in the updated_PCOMPG_properties.fem file, located in
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/. This file will be imported into
HyperMesh to update (overwrite) the properties instead of manually updating them.
The updated_PCOMPG_properties.fem file is saved in RADIOSS input file format. You
can open this in any text editor to review how the components are defined with PCOMPG
properties. A section of the file is shown below.
22.
23.
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65
24.
Toggle and expand the Import options and check the box next to FE overwrite.
This option overwrites the old PCOMP properties with PCOMPG properties defined in the
updated_PCOMPG_properties.fem file.
25.
Click on the folder icon next to File: and select the updated_PCOMPG_properties.fem
file and click Im po rt.
26.
Click C lo s e .
2.
Expand the laminates portion of the tree structure on the left-hand side of the screen.
All of the components now appear under PCOMPG. The components that we created
earlier (Skin_inner_GPLY, Rib_GPLY, and Flange1_Rib_Skin_GPLY) are still present.
There is no element associated with these components. You can review the PCOMPG
components to view the laminate definitions.
3.
2.
3.
In the Save file browser window, select the directory where you would like to write the
RADIOSS model file and enter frame_PCOMPG.fem as the name for the model.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the frame_PCOMPG.fem file now displays in the input file:
field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the job is successful, new results files can be seen in
the directory where the model file was written. The frame_PCOMPG.out file is a good
place to look for error messages that will help to debug the input deck, if any errors are
present.
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frame_PCOMPG.
out
frame_PCOMPG.
res
frame_PCOMPG.
h3d
frame_PCOMPG.
stat
Once you see the message Proc e ss c om ple t e d suc c e ssfully in the command window,
click the green H y pe rVie w button in the Radioss panel.
The results are automatically loaded into HyperView.
A message window may appear with information about the successful loading of the
model and result files into HyperView.
2.
3.
4.
Select the first switch below Result type: and select C o m po s ite Stre s s e s (s ).
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click Apply .
This plots the maximum principle stress for global ply 3. The results will not be plotted in
the regions where global ply 3 is not present.
9.
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67
Post-processing the results based on global ply number eliminates the need to track the ply
number and corresponding ply properties on the components. The results are displayed based
on the global ply number, irrespective of the ply order, so you can chose any one global ply
number and view results across the whole component. If a particular ply is not present in any
given region, no result is displayed.
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2.
Analysis with a small portion of the full model with axi-symmetry boundary conditions
Setting up the axi-symmetric structure in HyperMesh
Submitting the job
Viewing the results in HyperView
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69
Launch HyperMesh.
A User Profiles Graphic User Interface (GUI) will appear.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and
import reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for
generating models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct.
2.
3.
Click O pe n.
The axi-symmetry_full_geometry.hm database is loaded into the current HyperMesh
session, replacing any existing data. The database only contains geometric data.
You will find that the structural model has already been set up with the necessary elements,
boundary conditions, property, and material data so that it is ready to solve. Pressure load is
applied on the top face of the geometry and constraints are defined at the bottom face.
Note that the model is symmetrical about the z-axis and that loads and boundary conditions
are symmetrical about the same axis as well. These represent the conditions necessary for
modeling axi-symmetry problems. First, we will obtain the result for the full model and then
we will model a small part of the model with boundary conditions suitable to enforce the axisymmetric behavior. Finally, we will compare the results of the axi-symmetric model with the
full model results.
In the next section, we will solve the job and post process the results.
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2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, axi-symmetry_full_geometry.fem, in the File name: field.
The .fem file name extension is the suggested extension for RADIOSS input decks.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the axi-symmetry_full_geometry.fem file displays in
the input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job. A command window opens up and indicates the start of
the RADIOSS run.
If the job is successful, new results files can be seen in the directory where the
RADIOSS model file was written. The axi-symmetry_full_geometry.out file is a good
place to look for error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors are
present.
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71
2.
3.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result Type and select D is pla ce m e nt [v ].
4.
Select the second pull-down menu below Result Type and select M a g.
5.
on the toolbar.
To view the displacement variation across the thickness, we will mask one half of the
structure.
6.
7.
Click the elements icon in front of the component bottom_half to mask the component
from display.
8.
9.
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Exercise 2: Analysis with a Small Portion of the Full Model with Axisymmetry Boundary Conditions
Setting up the New Analysis
Return to HyperMesh to delete the all the elements, except for a small portion and to set up
the axi-symmetry boundary conditions.
Before proceeding to the next section, lets look at the criteria for modeling an axi-symmetry
problem. Note that even if the geometry is symmetrical about an axis, if any of the loads or
boundary conditions are not symmetrical about the same axis, then it cannot be modeled as
an axi-symmetry model. Therefore, the models shown below are examples that cannot be
modeled as axi-symmetry models.
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1.
Click
2.
3.
Click on the yellow button e le m s to open the extended entity selection window and
select by s e ts .
4.
5.
Click s e le ct.
The selected elements are highlighted.
6.
7.
We will use the retained portion to model the axi-symmetric model with suitable boundary
conditions.
2.
3.
4.
Click on the yellow button no de s to open the extended entity selection window and
select a ll.
5.
Click on the yellow button s y s te m to activate it and select the red colored system from
the graphic window.
6.
7.
Click re turn.
All of the nodes in the model are assigned to a cylindrical coordinate system. Note that the
z-axis of the cylindrical coordinate system coincides with the axis about which the model is
symmetrical. Now, constraining the nodes that are assigned to the cylindrical coordinate
system in tangential degrees of freedom will enforce the axi-symmetry boundary condition.
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2.
Right-click on SPC s and click M a ke C urre nt to make SPCs the current component, if not
already done.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the yellow button no de s to open the extended entity selection window and
select a ll.
6.
Constrain dof2.
Dofs with a check will be constrained, while dofs without a check will be free.
Dofs 1, 2, and 3 are radial, tangential and translation degrees of freedom.
Dofs 4, 5, and 6 are radial, tangential and translation rotational degrees of freedom.
7.
Click cre a te .
This applies these constraints to the selected nodes.
8.
2.
Solve the job with file name as axi-symmetry_model.fem by following the same steps
as explained in the earlier section.
If the job is successful, new results files can be seen in the directory where the
RADIOSS model file was written. The axi-symmetry_model.out file is a good place to
look for error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors are present.
2.
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3.
4.
Activate the new window by clicking in the graphic area of the new window.
5.
Click
6.
This loads the complete path of the selected .h3d file in the field. Also note that the
same file path is loaded next to the field Load results.
7.
Click Apply .
8.
9.
10.
Compare the displacement results of the axi-symmetry model with the result from the full
model. The results should match, as shown in the below picture. Similarly, stress and
other results will also match.
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Step 1: Load the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User Profile and import the
model
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and
import reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for
generating models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS.
User Profiles can also be accessed from the Preferences menu on the toolbar.
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5.
Select the pipe.fem file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
8.
Click O pe n.
The location of pipe.fem now displays in the file: field.
9.
Click Im po rt.
The pipe.fem database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click cre a te / e dit and go to the material card image editor panel.
7.
MAT4 card image appears below MAT1 in the material information area. MAT1 card is
used to define the isotropic structural material. MAT4 card is for the constant thermal
material. MAT4 uses the same material ID as MAT1.
If a quantity in brackets does not have a value below it, it is OFF. To change this, click
the quantity in brackets and an entry field will appear below it. Click the e ntry field and
enter a value.
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8.
= 0.3
Material density:
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
The property of the solid steel pipe has been created as 3D PSOLID. Material information
is linked to this property.
2.
Enter the update subpanel by clicking the radio button in front of it.
3.
4.
5.
Click pro pe rty = and select s o lid from the pop-up menu.
Property card image and material information are listed below the property entry field.
6.
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Click the Se t C urre nt Lo a d C o lle cto r panel located at the right corner of the footer bar,
as shown below.
3.
4.
5.
Click the entity selection switch and select nodes from the pop-up menu.
6.
7.
8.
Uncheck the boxes in front of dof1, dof2, dof3, dof4, dof5, and dof6 and enter 0.0 in
the entry fields.
9.
10.
Click cre a te .
This applies these thermal constraints to the selected nodal set.
11.
2.
3.
4.
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5.
Click cre a te .
6.
7.
8.
Click the switch button under slave and select face from the pop-up list.
9.
Click the highlighted s o lid e le m s and select by sets from the pop-up selection menu.
10.
11.
12.
Select four nodes on one face of a solid element where the heat flux will be applied, as
shown in Figure 2.
13.
Click a dd.
This adds the CHBDYE surface elements on all the solid elements following the same side
convention, as shown in Figure 3.
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2.
3.
4.
Click the highlighted elems and select by group from the pop-up extended entity
selection menu.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click cre a te .
The uniform heat flux in the surface elements are defined.
9.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the = sign and select s pc_he a t from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the = sign and select he a t_flux from the list of load collectors.
8.
Click cre a te .
9.
10.
11.
Click the button below TYPE and select H E AT as the analysis type.
12.
13.
14.
Click the button under FORMAT and select H 3D format for both results.
15.
Click the button under OPTION and select ALL, as shown in Figure 4.
Flux and Thermal output can also be requested in control cards panel on Analysis
page.
16.
Click re turn.
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2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
5.
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2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, pipe_complete.fem, in the File name: field.
The .fem filename extension is the recommended extension for Bulk Data Format input
decks.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the pipe_complete.fem file displays in the input file:
field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the job. If the job is successful, you should see new results files in the
directory from which pipe_complete.fem was selected. The pipe_complete.out file is
a good place to look for error messages that could help debug the input deck if any
errors are present.
Once you receive the message Proc e ss c om ple t e d suc c e ssfully in the command window,
click H y pe rVie w.
HyperView is launched and the results are loaded.
2.
3.
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4.
Select Subcase 1 - heat transfer as the current load case in the Results tab, as
shown below.
5.
In the Contour panel, select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select
E le m e nt Fluxe s (V).
6.
Click Apply .
A contoured image representing thermal fluxes should be visible.
7.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select G rid Te m pe ra ture s (s ).
8.
Click Apply .
Both flux and temperature results are shown below.
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Step 11: View the results for the coupled thermal/structure analysis
1.
Select the s tructure a na ly s is s ubca s e as the current load case in the Load Case and
Simulation Selection window.
2.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select E le m e nt Stre s s e s [2D &
3D ] (t).
3.
Select the second pull-down menu below Result type: and select v o nM is e s .
4.
Click Apply .
A contoured image representing von Mises stresses should be visible. Each element in
the model is assigned a legend color, indicating the von Mises stress value for that
element, resulting from the applied loads and boundary conditions.
5.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select D is pla ce m e nt (v ).
6.
7.
Click Apply .
Both stress and displacement contours are shown below.
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Launch HyperMesh.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and
import reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for
generating models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS.
User Profiles can also be accessed from the Preferences menu on the toolbar.
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5.
Select the thermal.fem file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
8.
Click O pe n.
The location of thermal.fem now displays in the File: field.
9.
Click Im po rt > C lo s e .
The thermal.fem database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click cre a te / e dit and go to the material card image editor panel.
7.
MAT4 card image appears below MAT1 in the material information area. MAT1 card is
used to define the isotropic structural material. MAT4 card is for the constant thermal
material. MAT4 uses the same material ID as MAT1.
If a quantity in brackets does not have a value below it, it is OFF. To change this, click
the quantity in brackets and an entry field will appear below it. Click the e ntry field and
enter a value.
8.
= 0.3
= 7.9 x 103 Kg/m3
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9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
The property of the solid steel pipe has been created as 3D PSOLID. Material information
is linked to this property.
2.
Enter the update subpanel by clicking the radio button in front of it.
3.
4.
5.
Click pro pe rty = and select s o lid from the pop-up menu.
Property card image and material information are listed below the property entry field.
6.
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Click the Se t C urre nt Lo a d C o lle cto r panel located at the right corner of the footer bar,
as shown below.
3.
Click re turn.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click no de s and select by s e ts from the pop-up extended entity selection menu.
8.
9.
Uncheck the box in front of dof1, dof2, dof3, dof4, dof5, and dof6 and verify that the
entry fields are set to 0.0.
10.
11.
Click cre a te .
This applies the temperature 0.0 on the inside nodes. Next step, the temperature value
will be updated to 60.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Click e dit.
18.
19.
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91
2.
3.
4.
Click no de s and select by ID from the pop-up extended entity selection menu.
5.
6.
Uncheck the box in front of dof1, dof2, dof3, dof4, dof5, and dof6 and verify that the
entry fields are set to 0.0.
7.
Click cre a te .
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Click e dit.
14.
The temperature boundary conditions are created, as shown in the following figure.
15.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
Click cre a te / e dit and enter the PCONV card image panel.
6.
7.
Go to add subpanel.
8.
9.
Click the switch button under slave and select fa ce from the pop-up list.
10.
Click the highlighted solid elems and select by s e ts from the pop-up selection menu.
11.
12.
13.
Select 4 nodes on the surface face of a solid element, as shown in the following figure.
Figure 3: Selected surface nodes on the solid element outside the pipe.
14.
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15.
Click a dd.
This adds the CHBDYE surface elements to the solid elements on the outer surface
following the same side convention, as shown in the following figure.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Click TA1 and input the ambient node ID 4679 as shown below.
10.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click cre a te .
7.
8.
9.
Click the button below TYPE and select H E AT as the analysis type.
10.
11.
12.
Click the button under FORMAT and select H 3D format for both results.
13.
14.
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, thermal_complete.fem, in the File name: field.
The .fem filename extension is the recommended extension for Bulk Data Format input
decks.
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95
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the thermal_complete.fem file displays in the input file:
field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the job. If the job is successful, you should see new results files in the
directory from which thermal_complete.fem was selected. The thermal_complete.
out file is a good place to look for error messages that could help debug the input deck if
any errors are present.
Once you receive the message Proc e ss c om ple t e d suc c e ssfully in the command window,
click H y pe rVie w.
HyperView is launched and the results are loaded. A message window appears to inform
of the successful model and result files loading into HyperView.
2.
3.
4.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select G rid Te m pe ra ture s (s ).
5.
Click Apply .
A contour plot of grid temperatures is created. You may have to use Edit Legend in
the Contour panel to get the contour shown in Figure 5.
6.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select E le m e nt Fluxe s (V).
7.
Click Apply .
You may have to use Edit Legend in the Contour panel to get the contour, as shown
in Figure 5.
Both temperature and flux contour plots are shown below in Figure 5.
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Problem Statement
In this exercise, you will learn how to:
Create MAT2 and MAT9 material definition cards
Create PSOLID and PSHELL element property cards
Create applied temperature loads and constraints (TEMP and SPC cards)
Create a temperature loading subcase
Request strain output with the STRAIN control card
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Exercise
Launch HyperMesh.
A User Profiles Graphic User Interface (GUI) will appear.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and
import reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for
generating models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct.
2.
3.
Click O pe n.
The circuit_board.hm database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session,
replacing any existing data. The database only contains geometric data.
2.
3.
Set the Type field to ANISO TR O PIC , and set Card image to M AT9.
4.
Select the check box for C a rd e dit m a te ria l upo n cre a tio n to create the material
and enter the card image editor. Click C re a te .
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5.
Enter the following values for the oriented elastic and shear modulus of the composite:
Note:
6.
7.
If a required field is not active, click the field heading to activate it.
G11
G22
G33
G44
G55
G66
17.0
16.2
7.00
4.93
4.70
2.03
Enter the following values for the thermal expansion rates and reference temperature:
A1
A2
A3
TREF
1.6e-5
1.9e-5
8.0e-5
10.0
Once the values have been entered, click re turn to close the card editor.
2.
3.
4.
Click C re a te to create the material and enter the card image editor.
5.
Enter the following values for the shell element material properties:
6.
G11
G22
G33
A1
A2
TREF
17.0
16.2
4.90
1.6e-5
1.9e-5
10.0
Once the values have been entered, click re turn to close the card editor.
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Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over C re a te >
Pro pe rty .
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click C re a te .
The PSHELL card image appears.
8.
Enter the thickness for the shell component by clicking T, clicking in the text box, and
enter 0.001.
9.
10.
Repeat steps 1 - 9 to create another property with name So lids , card image as PSO LID
and Material as PC B _s o lids .
11.
In the Model Browser right-click on the PC B _s o lids component and click E dit.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Click Upda te .
16.
Repeat steps 13 15 for both solder_pads and shell_faces selecting s he ll for the
property name.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Lo a dC o lle cto r.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click C re a te .
6.
7.
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8.
9.
10.
11.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click s e le ct.
7.
Verify that constant value (the field label specifies value=) is selected and enter
345.0.
8.
9.
10.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click in the inte ge r field for SPC and select the co ns tra ints load collector.
6.
7.
8.
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Click Se tup > C re a te > C o ntro l C a rds to open the Control Cards panel.
2.
Click the ne xt button to advance until OUTPUT is available, click O UTPUT to add card
requesting output results format.
3.
For the number_of_outputs field on the lower part of the panel, enter 2.
4.
Set one of the KEYWORD to O P2 to request the OP2 format results file, and set the
second output as H3D format The frequency (FREQ) of the output can be set as ALL.
5.
6.
Click the ne xt button to advance to the second page of control cards, then once more
to go to the third page.
7.
8.
9.
Select G LO B AL_O UTPUT_R E Q UE ST on the first page to access the output settings.
10.
11.
2.
3.
4.
Once the job has completed, the results can be reviewed in HyperView.
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Problem Statement
This tutorial uses the file channel_brkt_modal.hm. It contains the bracket and channel
assembly pictured below.
To complete the setup of the model for a modal analysis with RADIOSS, you will need to
define a normal modes SUBCASE, containing METHOD and SPC statements.
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Use OUTPUT on control cards panel to control the format of results output.
Specify a h3d file as the output format. Add a second OUTPUT line and select the
option HM for a HyperMesh .res file.
Export the model to a RADIOSS input file.
Specify a filename with the extension *.fem.
Submit the RADIOSS input file to RADIOSS.
Exercise
Step 1: Select User Profile and retrieve the HyperMesh model file
1.
Select RADIOSS as the solver type and then select B ulkD a ta as its sub-section from
list to the right in the User Profile dialog pop-up window.
2.
In the Model Browser, expand the Material folder to show the two materials in the
model.
2.
Right-click on a lum inum and select C a rd E dit from the Context menu.
3.
In the Card editor window, click on [R H O ] and enter 2.7e-9 in the input area below
the label.
4.
5.
From the toolbar, enter the Load Collectors panel by clicking the Lo a d C o lle cto rs icon
.
2.
Make sure the create subpanel is selected using the radio buttons on the left-hand side
of the panel.
3.
4.
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105
5.
6.
7.
Click re turn.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
in the toolbar.
We are going to create the SPC constraints on the nodes along the lines on the
perimeter of the channels bottom surface, as shown in the image below.
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4.
5.
6.
Select the six lines on the perimeter of the channels bottom surface.
To view the selected lines clearly, switch to the Transparent Elements mode, as
shown below:
7.
8.
9.
2.
3.
4.
Click m a p lo a ds .
A constraint is at each node associated to the geometry lines.
5.
Step 7: Define the load step (RADIOSS loadsteps) for the modal load
case
Use the loadsteps panel in this step. Define the loadstep to contain the load collectors
constraints and modal.
1.
2.
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107
3.
4.
Click the = sign after METHOD(STRUCT) and select the load collector m o da l.
5.
Check the box before SPC, click on the = or the field following and select the load
collector co ns tra ints .
6.
Click Se tup > C re a te > C o ntro l C a rds to open the Control Cards panel.
2.
3.
4.
Click on the default value and select H 3D from the pop-up menu.
5.
6.
Click on the default value again and select H M for the second output type.
This specifies RADIOSS to output results to a H3D file and a res file, which can be
viewed in HyperView Player. Also, an HTML report file will be output and the H3D file will
be embedded in it.
7.
8.
2.
3.
4.
Once the job has completed, the results can be reviewed in HyperView.
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109
Exercise
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh and set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User
Profile
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
A User Profiles Graphic User Interface (GUI) will appear.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and import
reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating models
in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct.
2.
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3.
5.
6.
7.
2.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Lo a dC o lle cto r.
Note:
When in this pop-up, do not press the Enter key on the keyboard until you are
completely done.
3.
4.
5.
Leave Card image: field to None under the Card Image options.
6.
Click C re a te .
A new load collector, spcs is created.
7.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Lo a dC o lle cto r.
8.
9.
10.
Click C re a te .
A new load collector, unit-load is created.
From Model Browser expand LoadCollector, right-click on s pcs > M a ke C urre nt.
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2.
3.
Click no de s and select dis pla y e d from the extended entity selection menu.
4.
All of the node numbers on the flat plate should now be displayed.
5.
6.
7.
Click the e ntity s e le ctio n switch and select nodes from the pop-up menu.
8.
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Click cre a te .
The selected nodes will be free to rotate about the z-axis since dof6 was not checked.
11.
2.
3.
Select co ns tra int = and select D AR E A from the extended entity selection menu.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Uncheck all the dof's; except dof3, and click the = to the right of dof3 to type in a
value of 20.
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8.
9.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Lo a dC o lle cto r.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the option labeled C a rd e dit lo a d co lle cto r upo n cre a tio n.
6.
Click C re a te .
A new window appears in the work area screen.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Click re turn.
This gives us a frequency range of 0.0 to 1000.0 with a constant 1.0 over this range.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Lo a dC o lle cto r.
2.
3.
4.
For Card image:, select R LO AD 2 from the drop-down list. The Card edit load
collector upon creation option should be checked.
5.
Click C re a te .
A new window appears in the work area screen.
6.
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7.
8.
9.
10.
Click re turn.
The type of excitation can be an applied load (force or moment), an enforced
displacement, velocity or acceleration. The field [type] in the RLOAD2 card image
defines the type of load. The type is set to applied load by default.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Lo a dC o lle cto r.
2.
3.
4.
For Card image:, select FREQi from the drop-down list. The Card edit load collector
upon creation option should be checked.
5.
Click C re a te .
A new window appears in the work area screen.
6.
7.
8.
Click D F, then click in the field box below it and input a value of 20.0.
9.
Click ND F, then click in the field box below it and input a value of 49.
10.
Click re turn.
This gives you a set of frequencies beginning with 20.0, incremented by 20.0 and 49
frequencies increments.
2.
3.
Click the ty pe : switch and select fre q.re s p (dire ct) from the pop-up menu.
4.
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5.
Click on the e ntry field and select s pcs from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the e ntry field and select rlo a d2 from the list of load collectors.
8.
9.
Click on the e ntry field and select fre q1 from the list of load collectors.
10.
Click cre a te .
A RADIOSS subcase has been created which references the constraints in the load
collector spc and the unit load in the load collector rload2 with a set of frequencies
defined in load collector freq1.
11.
2.
3.
Click the switch below name and select no ca rd im a ge , instead of card image.
4.
5.
Make sure that the yellow entity: selection type box is set to no de s .
6.
7.
Click cre a te .
A message appears stating: T he e nt it y se t ha s be e n c re a t e d.
8.
Click Se tup > C re a te > C o ntro l C a rds to open the Control Cards panel.
2.
Select G LO B AL_O UTPUT_R E Q UE ST and check the box next to D ISPLAC E M E NT.
3.
4.
Altair Engineering
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
On the extended menu in the work area, click on the first FO R M AT_V1 field box and
select O PTI from the pop-up menu.
Using O PTI will generate RADIOSS ASCII result files like .disp, .strs, etc. as the
output once the run is complete. These files are used during post-processing.
10.
11.
Click re turn to exit the Format menu and return to the Control Cards menu.
12.
13.
Scroll down the list using the arrow in the left corner and check the box next to
C O UPM ASS.
A new PAR AM card appears in the work area screen.
14.
Click NO below COUPM_V1 and select Y E S from the pop-up menu selection.
Selecting Y E S uses the coupled mass matrix approach for eigenvalue analysis.
15.
Scroll down the list using the arrow in the left corner and check the box next to G .
A new PAR AM card appears in the work area screen.
16.
Click below G _V1 and input a value of 0.06 into the field box.
This value specifies a uniform structural damping coefficient and is obtained by
multiplying the critical damping [] ratio by 2.0.
17.
Scroll down using the arrow in the left corner and check the box next to W TM ASS.
A new window appears in the work area screen.
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117
18.
Click below W TM _V1 and input a value of 0.00259 into the field box.
Three PAR AM statements should now appear in the pop-up menu on the work screen.
This factor is used to input all mass entries in weight units. Using this PARAM multiplies
all terms in the mass matrix by this factor.
19.
20.
21.
22.
Click on the box beneath FR E Q and select ALL from the pop-up selection.
Choosing ALL will output results for all frequencies.
23.
24.
25.
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model, enter the name
flat_plate_direct_response.fem for the model in the File name: field, and click
Sa v e .
4.
Altair Engineering
5.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the job is successful, new result files can be seen in
the director where the RADIOSS model file was written. The
flat_plate_direct_response.out file is a good place to look for error messages that
will help to debug the input deck if any errors are present.
The default files written to the directory are:
flat_plate_direct_re HTML report of the analysis, giving a summary of the problem
formulation and the analysis results.
sponse.html
flat_plate_direct_re RADIOSS output file containing specific information on the file
set up, the set up of your optimization problem, estimates for
sponse.out
the amount of RAM and disk space required for the run,
information for each optimization iteration, and compute time
information. Review this file for warnings and errors.
flat_plate_direct_re HyperView compressed binary results file.
sponse.h3d
flat_plate_direct_re Summary of analysis process, providing CPU information for
each step during the analysis process.
sponse.stat
2.
3.
4.
Select the directory where the job was run and select the file
flat_plate_direct_response_freq.mvw.
5.
Click O pe n.
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119
6.
7.
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8.
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121
Exercise
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh and set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User
Profile
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
A User Profiles Graphic User Interface (GUI) will appear.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and import
reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating models
in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct.
2.
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3.
4.
5.
2.
Select the create subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
3.
4.
5.
Click the cre a tio n m e tho d switch and select no card image from the pop-up menu.
6.
Click cre a te .
8.
9.
Click cre a te .
A new load collector, unit-load is created.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Click no de s and select dis pla y e d from the extended entity selection menu.
15.
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123
16.
17.
Click re turn.
2.
Click the entity selection switch and select nodes from the pop-up menu.
3.
4.
5.
Click cre a te .
The selected nodes will be free to rotate about the z-axis since dof6 was not checked.
6.
2.
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3.
4.
Un-check all dofs except dof3, and click the = to the right of dof3 and type in a value
of 1.
5.
Select load types = and select DAREA from the extended entity selection menu.
6.
Click cre a te .
This applies a unit load to the selected node.
2.
Select the create subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
3.
4.
5.
Click the cre a tio n m e tho d switch and select card image from the pop-up menu.
6.
Click ca rd im a ge = and select TABLED1 from the extended entity selection menu.
7.
8.
9.
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125
10.
Click in the input field below y(1), enter the value 1.0.
11.
Click in the input field below x(2), enter the value 1000.0.
12.
Click in the input field below y(2), enter the value 1.0.
13.
2.
3.
Click the cre a tio n m e tho d switch and select card image from the pop-up menu.
4.
Click ca rd im a ge = and select RLOAD2 from the extended entity selection menu.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
2.
3.
Click the cre a tio n m e tho d switch and select card image from the pop-up menu.
4.
Click ca rd im a ge = and select FREQi from the extended entity selection menu.
5.
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6.
7.
Click F1, then click in the field box below it and input a value of 20.0.
8.
Click D F, then click in the field box below it and input a value of 20.0.
9.
Click ND F, then click in the field box below it and input a value of 49.
10.
Step 9: Create the modal method for eigenvalue analysis using the
Lanczos method and specify the frequency range for eigenvalue
extraction
1.
2.
3.
Click the cre a tio n m e tho d switch and select card image from the pop-up menu.
4.
Click ca rd im a ge = and select EIGRL from the extended entity selection menu.
5.
6.
Click [V1] and enter a value 0.0 in the field below it, then click [V2] and enter a value
of 1000.0.
7.
2.
3.
Click the ty pe : switch and select freq.resp (modal) from the pop-up menu.
4.
5.
Click on the e ntry field and select spcs from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the e ntry field and select eigrl from the list of load collectors.
8.
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127
9.
Click on the e ntry field and select rload2 from the list of load collectors.
10.
11.
Click on the e ntry field and select freq1 from the list of load collectors.
12.
Click cre a te .
A RADIOSS subcase has been created which references the constraints in the load
collector spc, the unit load in the load collector rload2 with a set of frequencies defined
in load collector freq1 and modal method defined in the load collector eigrl.
13.
2.
3.
Click the switch below name and select no ca rd im a ge , instead of card image.
4.
5.
Make sure that the yellow entity: selection type box is set to nodes.
6.
7.
Click cre a te .
A message appears stating: T he e nt it y se t ha s be e n c re a t e d.
8.
Click re turn.
Step 12: Create a set of outputs and mass factors specific to frequency
response analysis
1.
Click Se tup > C re a te > C o ntro l C a rds to open the Control Cards panel.
2.
3.
4.
Click the field box FO R M (1) and select PH ASE from the pop-up menu.
5.
Click the field box O PTIO N(1) and select SID from the pop-up menu.
A new field appears in yellow.
6.
Double-click the yellow SID box and select SE TA from the pop-up selection on the
bottom left corner.
A value of 1 now appears below the SID field box. This sets the output for only the
nodes in set 1.
7.
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8.
9.
Scroll down the list using the arrow in the left corner and check the box next to
COUPMASS.
A new PAR AM card appears in the work area screen.
10.
Below C O UPM _V1 click NO and select Y E S from the pop-up menu selection.
Selecting Y E S uses the coupled mass matrix approach for eigenvalue analysis.
11.
12.
Click below G _V1, and input a value of 0.06 into the field box.
This value specifies a uniform structural damping coefficient and is obtained by
multiplying the critical damping [C/C0] ratio by 2.0.
13.
Scroll down using the arrow to the left corner and check the box next to W TM ASS.
A new window appears in the work area screen.
14.
Click below W TM _V1, and input a value of 0.00259 into the field box.
Three PAR AM statements should now appear in the pop-up menu on the work screen.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
Double-click on the box beneath FR E Q and select ALL from the pop-up selection for all
keywords.
Choosing ALL will output all optimization iterations.
22.
23.
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129
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file, enter the
name flat_plate_modal_response.fem in the File name: field, and click Sa v e .
4.
5.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the job is successful, new results files can be seen in
the directory where the RADIOSS model file was written. The
flat_plate_modal_response.out file is a good place to look for error messages that
will help to debug the input deck if any errors are present.
The default files written to the directory are:
flat_plate_modal_response HTML report of the analysis, giving a summary of the
problem formulation and the analysis results.
.html
flat_plate_modal_response RADIOSS output file containing specific information on
the file setup, the setup of your optimization problem,
.out
estimates for the amount of RAM and disk space
required for the run, information for all optimization
iterations, and compute time information. Review this
file for warnings and errors.
flat_plate_modal_response HyperView binary results file.
.h3d
flat_plate_modal_response Summary of analysis process, providing CPU information
for each step during analysis process.
.stat
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1.
Once the analysis process completes, click the green H y pe rVie w button to open a
HyperView session.
2.
3.
4.
Select the directory where the job was run and select file
flat_plate_modal_response_freq.mvw.
5.
Click O pe n.
6.
7.
There are two sets of results on this page. The top graph shows Phase Angle verses
Frequency (log). The bottom graph shows Magnitude verses Frequency (log) (see
figure) for Displacement of grid 15.
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131
8.
This will display page 2, which shows Subcase 1 (subcase1) - Displacement of grid
17.
9.
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133
The bracket is constrained at the bottom of the two legs. Transient dynamic loads are to be
applied at the grid points of the top, flat surface of the bracket around the hole in the
negative z direction. The time history of the loading is shown in the next figure. The direct
transient analysis is run for a total time of 4 seconds with the time being divided into 800
increments (that is time step is 0.005). Structural damping has been considered for the
model. A concentrated mass element is defined at the center of the spider and z
displacements are monitored at the concentrated mass at the center of this hole.
Altair Engineering
This tutorial will use the following exercises to set up a direct transient dynamic analysis:
Create the time dependent dynamic load or the variation of load vs time
Create the time step for transient analysis
Create the grid point forces on the top flat surface of the bracket
Create the transient response dynamic excitation
Create the subcase to include all the necessary loads as defined above
Specify structural damping and output requests
Run direct transient dynamic analysis
Post-process results using Altair HyperGraph
Exercise
Launch HyperMesh.
A User Profiles Graphic User Interface (GUI) will appear.
2.
3.
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135
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and import
reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating models
in Bulk Data format for RADIOSS.
2.
2.
Select the create subpanel, using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click TAB LE D 1_NUM = and enter the number 4 and press ENTER.
This should populate the TABLED1 entry to 4 fields for x and 4 for y.
8.
9.
Altair Engineering
Step 4: Create a TSTEP (Transient time step to define the time step
intervals at which solution will be generated and output)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click TSTE P_NUM = and enter the number 1 and press ENTER.
This should populate the TSTEP entry with N, DT, and [NO] fields.
6.
7.
8.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Unselect all degrees of freedom (dof); except dof3 by clicking the box next to each,
indicating that dof3 is the only active degree of freedom.
9.
10.
11.
Click cre a te .
This creates a force of 1500 units applied to the selected nodes in the negative z
direction.
12.
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137
2.
3.
4.
Click the switch next to no card image and select card image.
5.
6.
7.
Double-click on E X C ITE ID and select the darea load collector (created in the last
section to define the forces on the top surface of the bracket).
8.
Double-click on TID and select the tabled1 load collector created previously (to define
the time history of the loading).
2.
3.
4.
Activate SPC (left mouse click on the check box next to SPC) and for SPC =, select the
already existing load collector spc.
5.
Activate D LO AD and for DLOAD =, select the load collector tload1 created previously.
6.
Activate TSTE P and for TSTEP =, select the load collector tstep created previously.
7.
8.
A subcase is created that specifies the loads and boundary conditions for direct transient
dynamic analysis.
Click Se tup > C re a te > C o ntro l C a rds to enter the Control Cards panel.
2.
3.
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4.
5.
6.
Click re turn.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click O UTPUT.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Click File > Sa v e a s > M o de l to set the directory in which to save the file.
2.
3.
Click Sa v e .
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139
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the file and enter the name
bracket_transient_direct.fem in the File name: field.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note that the name and location of the bracket_transient_direct.fem file shows in
the input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job.
If the job was successful, new results files can be seen in the directory where the RADIOSS
model file was written. The bracket_transient_direct.out file is a good place to look for
error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors are present.
The default files written to the directory are:
Altair Engineering
bracket_transient_direct.html
bracket_transient_direct.out
bracket_transient_direct.h3d
bracket_transient_direct_tran.mvw
bracket_transient_direct.stat
From the Radioss panel, click the H y pe rVie w button to launch HyperView.
2.
3.
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141
4.
5.
6.
Click
7.
You can change the color and/or line attributes of the curve if you wish to.
Z-displacement time history of the concentrated mass at center of spider for direct transient dynamic
analysis
As can be observed from the above image, the displacements of node 395 are in the
negative z-direction as the loading is in the z direction too. The displacements
eventually damp out due to the structural damping present in the model.
Altair Engineering
The bracket is constrained at the bottom of the two legs. Transient dynamic loads are to be
applied at the grid points of the top, flat surface of the bracket around the hole in the
negative z-direction. The time history of the loading is shown in the next figure. The modal
transient analysis is run for a total time of 4 seconds with the time being divided into 800
increments (that is time step is 0.005). Modal damping has been defined as 2% critical
damping for all the modes. Modes up to 1000 Hz have been considered. A concentrated
mass element is defined at the center of the spider and z-displacements are monitored at the
concentrated mass at the center of this hole.
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143
This tutorial will use the following exercises to set up a modal transient dynamic analysis:
Define the time dependent dynamic load or the variation of load vs time
Define the time step for transient analysis
Define the grid point forces on the top flat surface of the bracket
Define modal damping table
Define load collector to extract normal modes up to 1000 Hz using the Lanczos method
Define the transient response dynamic excitation
Define the subcase to include all the necessary loads as defined above
Specify output requests
Run modal transient dynamic analysis
Post-process results using Altair HyperGraph
Altair Engineering
Exercise
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh and set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User
Profile
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and import
reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating models
in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct.
The User Profiles can also be accessed from the Preferences menu on the toolbar.
2.
3.
Click O pe n.
The bracket_transient.hm database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session,
replacing any existing data.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Lo a dC o lle cto r.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Activate the C a rd e dit lo a dco lle cto r upo n cre a tio n option.
6.
Click C re a te .
A new window appears in the work area screen.
7.
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145
8.
Press ENTER.
This should populate the TABLED1 entry to 4 fields for x and 4 for y.
9.
10.
11.
Click re turn.
The load collector TABLED1 that defines the time history of the loading has been
created.
Step 4: Create a TSTEP card (the transient time step to define the time
step intervals at which solution will be generated and output)
1.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Lo a dC o lle cto r.
2.
3.
4.
For Card image:, select TSTEP from the drop-down list. The Card edit load collector
upon creation option should be checked.
5.
Click C re a te .
A new window appears in the work area screen.
6.
7.
Press ENTER.
8.
9.
10.
Leave NO as the default value 1 (this is the time step at which output is requested).
11.
Click re turn.
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Step 5: Create DAREA card to define forces on the top surface of the
bracket
1.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Lo a dC o lle cto r.
2.
3.
4.
For Card image:, select no ne . The Card edit load collector upon creation option
should be checked.
5.
Click C re a te .
6.
7.
8.
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147
9.
Unselect (right-click) all degrees of freedom (dof); except dof3 indicating that dof3 is
the only active degree of freedom.
10.
11.
12.
Click cre a te .
This creates a force of 1500 units applied to the selected nodes in the negative zdirection.
13.
Click re turn.
Altair Engineering
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Lo a dC o lle cto r.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click C re a te . The Card edit load collector upon creation option should be checked.
6.
7.
8.
Populate the frequency and damping values for frequencies 0 and 1000 Hz and damping
to be 0.02, as shown below.
This provides a table of damping values for the frequency range of interest.
9.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Lo a dC o lle cto r.
2.
3.
4.
Below the Card image:, select E IG R L from the drop-down list. The Card edit load
collector upon creation option should be checked.
5.
Click C re a te .
6.
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149
7.
8.
9.
Click re turn.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Lo a dC o lle cto r.
2.
3.
4.
Below the Card image:, select TLO AD 1 from the drop-down list. The Card edit load
collector upon creation option should be checked.
5.
Click C re a te .
6.
Double-click E X C ITE ID and select the da re a load collector created previously that
defines the forces on the top surface of the bracket.
7.
Double-click TID and select the TABLED1 load collector created previously that defines
the time history of the loading.
The type of excitation can be an applied load (force or moment), an enforced
displacement, velocity, or acceleration. The field [TYPE] in the TLOAD1 card image
defines the type of load. The type is set to applied load by default.
8.
Step 9: Create the load step to perform the modal transient dynamic
analysis
1.
2.
3.
4.
Activate SPC and for SPC =, select the already existing load collector s pc.
5.
Activate DLOAD and for DLOAD =, select the load collector tlo a d1 created previously.
6.
Activate METHOD (Struct) and for METHOD =, select the load collector e igrl created
previously.
7.
Activate SDAMPING (Struct) and for SDAMPING =, select the load collector ta bdm p1
created previously.
8.
Activate TSTEP and for TSTEP =, select the load collector ts te p created previously.
9.
10.
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Click Se tup > C re a te > Control Cards panel and select G LO B AL_O UTPUT_R E Q UE ST.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click O UTPUT.
8.
9.
10.
11.
For the H3D KEYWORD you will have another field, set this to the blank option.
12.
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the file and enter the name
bracket_transient_modal.fem in the File name: field.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the bracket_transient_modal.fem file shows in the
input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
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151
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job.
If the job was successful, new results files can be seen in the directory where the
RADIOSS model file was written. The bracket_transient_modal.out file is a good
place to look for error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors are
present.
The default files written to the directory are:
bracket_transient_ HTML report of the analysis, giving a
summary of the problem formulation
modal.html
and the results.
bracket_transient_ RADIOSS output file containing
specific information on the file setup,
modal.out
the setup of the problem, estimates
for the amount of RAM and disk
space required for the run and
compute time information. Review
this file for warnings and errors that
are flagged from processing the
bracket_transient_modal.fem file.
bracket_transient_ HyperView binary results file.
modal.h3d
bracket_transient_ HyperView session file. This file is
only created when transient analysis
modal_tran.mvw
is performed. This file automatically
creates plots for the displacement,
velocity and acceleration results
contained in the file.
bracket_transient_ Summary of analysis process,
providing CPU information for each
modal.stat
step during analysis process.
From the Radioss panel, click the H y pe rVie w button to launch HyperView.
2.
3.
Click Y e s .
Altair Engineering
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click
to fit the y-axis (that is Z displacement) of node 395 in the Graphic User
Interface (GUI).
9.
You can change the color and/or line attributes of the curve, if you wish.
Z-displacement time history of the concentrated mass at center of spider for direct transient dynamic
analysis
As can be observed from the above image, the displacements of node 395 are in the negative
z-direction as the loading is in the z direction too. The displacements eventually damp out
due to the structural damping present in the model.
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153
There are four shell components in the model: the mounting flange, the web, the top and
bottom flanges, and the lug. Gap elements have already been defined in the model and they
connect the web to the lug. Coupling forces are applied to the lug and pressure loading has
been defined on the top and bottom flanges of the rib joint. The mounting flange is
constrained in all degrees of freedom at the four mounting hole locations and the lug is
constrained for the z-displacements and rotations to prevent rigid body motion.
The following exercises are included:
Exercise 1: Linear gap analysis on the aircraft rib
Create a cylindrical coordinate system and assign it to the gap elements
Create a gap property and assign it to the gap elements
Run a linear gap analysis
Post-process the results from the linear gap analysis using HyperView
Altair Engineering
Step 1: Load the User Profile and Retrieve the Model File
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Select the rib.hm file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
6.
Click O pe n.
The rib.hm database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session, replacing any
existing data. The database only contains geometric data.
Note the location of rib.hm now displays in the file: field.
2.
3.
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155
4.
Click the ca rd im a ge switch and select no card image from the pop-up menu.
5.
6.
Click cre a te .
7.
8.
9.
Hide all load collectors by right-clicking on Lo a dC o lle cto r and selecting H ide .
10.
11.
12.
13.
Click G e o m e try > C re a te > Sy s te m s > Axis D ire ctio n to open the Systems panel.
14.
The cyan halo around the yellow nodes button indicates that it is the current option.
Select the center node on the upper lug.
Altair Engineering
15.
Click o rigin and select the center node again, click x- a xis , select any node on the
circumference and for xy plane, select any node on the plane of the lug, as shown in
the following figure:
16.
17.
Click cre a te .
For cylindrical systems, the x-axis defines the radial direction (q= 0) and the xy plane
defines the r-q plane.
18.
Repeat this process for the bottom lug (steps 13 through 17 of this sequence).
19.
Click re turn.
20.
Click the M o de l tab to activate the Model Browser, if you left it.
21.
22.
23.
Click the entity selection switch on the top left of this panel and select elems.
24.
25.
Select the gap elements that are connected to the top lug, as shown by the selected
window in the following figure.
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157
26.
Click s e le ct e ntitie s .
27.
28.
Click e dit.
29.
Click C ID , and select the system that was created at the center of the top lug, as
shown below.
30.
31.
Repeat this process for the gap elements that are connected to the bottom lug.
The gap elements have now been assigned with a cylindrical coordinate system.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Click upda te .
17.
18.
Click upda te .
The gap elements have now been updated to the new property collector.
19.
Click re turn.
2.
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159
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the file and enter the name
rib_linear.fem in the File name: field.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the rib_linear.fem file displays in the input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job.
If the job was successful, new results files can be seen in the directory where the
RADIOSS model file rib_linear.fem was written. The rib_linear.out file is a good
place to look for error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors are
present.
The default files written to the directory are:
rib_linear.html
rib_linear.out
rib_linear.h3d
rib_linear.res
rib_linear.stat
2.
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3.
Go to the Contour
panel.
4.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select E le m e nt Stre s s e s (2D &
3D ).
5.
Select the second pull-down menu below Result type: and select v o nM is e s .
6.
Above the Results Browser in the left hand panel are the Load Case and Simulation
Selection drop-down menus.
7.
Select Subca s e 1 (C o up_Ve rt) from the Load Case drop-down menu.
8.
9.
Click Apply .
This should show the contour of stresses on the Web component under the coupled
loading.
10.
Click D e le te Pa ge
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161
2.
Enter the create subpanel by selecting the radio button on the left-hand side of the
panel.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
NINC denotes the number of load sub-increments. If NINC is blank, then the entire
loading is applied at once. An NINC of 10 signifies that the load will be sub-divided into
10 equal increments.
8.
9.
The error tolerances EPSU, EPSP and EPSW can be left at their default values.
For details on these tolerances, please read the section Nonlinear Quasi-static Gap and
Contact Analysis in the Help.
10.
2.
3.
4.
Click on = next to NLPARM and select to the newly created nonlinear load collector.
5.
Click upda te .
6.
2.
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3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the file and enter the name for the
rib_nonlinear.fem, in the File name: field.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the rib_nonlinear.fem file displays in the input file:
field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job.
If the job was successful, new results files can be seen in the directory where the
RADIOSS model file rib_nonlinear.fem was written. The rib_nonlinear.out file is a
good place to look for error messages that will help to debug the input deck, if any errors
are present.
The default files written to the directory are:
rib_nonlinear.html
rib_nonlinear.out
rib_nonlinear.res
rib_nonlinear.h3d
rib_nonlinear.stat
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2.
3.
4.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select E le m e nt Stre s s e s (2D &
3D ).
5.
Select the second pull-down menu below Result type: and select v o nM is e s .
6.
Above the Results Browser in the left hand panel are the Load Case and Simulation
Selection drop-down menus.
7.
8.
9.
Click Apply .
This should show the contour of stresses on the Web component under the coupled
loading.
Altair Engineering
Analysis Review
Even though the deformation patterns are similar for both linear and nonlinear analyses, the
stress patterns differ. Though the horizontal loads are in opposing directions in the lug, the
stress distribution in the web for the linear run are the same around both the lug holes which
is not correct. This happens as all the gaps are in a closed condition for the linear analysis.
Nonlinear gap analysis gives more accurate representation. The gap status, open or closed,
depending on loading condition can also be observed from the .out file (shown below):
ITERATION
0
NONLINEAR
ITERATION
SUMMARY
Subcase
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165
Exercise
Setting up the Problem in HyperMesh
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh, set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User Profile
and retrieve the structural model
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and import
reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating
models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct. User Profiles can also be
accessed from the Preferences menu on the toolbar.
5.
6.
Select the direct_psd.hm file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
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7.
Click O pe n.
The direct_psd.hm database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session, replacing
any existing data. The database only contains model data.
The frequency analysis setup is already made for this model where the one end of plate is
clamped and the loading is applied on the other end (two different sources of the loading,
thus two subcases). The loading frequency is defined by the FREQ1 card; from 20 to 1000 Hz
with an interval of 20. The same loading frequency is applied on both the subcases.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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167
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Click cre a te / e dit and enter the RANDPS card edit panel.
11.
Three RANDPS entries need to be defined. The subcase and TABRND1 entities can be
selected by double-clicking the yellow color buttons. Input the values, as shown in the
following image. The TABRND1 loadcollectors are selected for the TID(i) column entries.
12.
2.
Go to GLOBAL_CASE_CONTROL panel.
3.
Check the box in front of RANDOM and double-click the highlighted ID button and
select ra ndps .
4.
Return to Control Cards and click G LO B AL_O UTPUT_R E Q UE ST. Check the box for
STRESS to activate the card edit panel.
5.
Select O UTPUT2 as the FORMAT, PSD F under RANDOM, and YES under OPTION.
RMS and PSDF stress will be output to .op2 file.
6.
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7.
8.
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the file and enter the name for the
direct_psd.fem in the File name: field.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the file displays in the input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job.
If the job completed successfully, new results files can be seen in the directory where
the RADIOSS model file was written. The direct_psd.out file is a good place to look for
error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors are present.
The default files written to the directory are:
direct_psd.html
direct_psd.out
direct_psd.h3d
direct_psd.stat
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169
Also, the following files will be output which are specific to the random response
analysis.
direct_psd.peak
direct_psd.rand
direct_psd_rand.mvw
HyperView script file. This file will automatically create the plot
of PSD over the frequency for the results contained in .rand
file
direct_psd.op2
2.
3.
Go to C o nto ur panel.
4.
In the Load Case and Simulation Selection window, select the ra ndo m subcase and
the fre que ncy = 20.0 Hz as the Simulation.
5.
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6.
7.
Select the result type RMS stress, vonMises, and click Apply .
The RMS stress contour will be displayed.
8.
9.
Select the directory where the job was run and select the file direct_psd_rand.mvw.
10.
Click O pe n.
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171
Half C ar Model
The half car model is excited at the bottom of the car, as shown by a red constraint symbol
(triangle) in the above figure. The excitation provided is with the application of a unit load
along the direction of the height of the car (Z-axis).
Process Overview
Retrieve the HyperMesh model
Create material and geometric properties
Create modal frequency response subcase in order to perform acoustic analysis
Perform the finite element analysis and view the results
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Exercise
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh, set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User Profile
and retrieve the file
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
2.
3.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu and import
reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating
models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct. The User Profiles GUI (Graphic
User Interface) can also be accessed from the Preferences menu on the toolbar.
4.
5.
Select the Half_Car.hm file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
6.
Click O pe n.
Step 2: Create isotropic and fluid materials and properties and then
assign them to their structural and fluid elements
1.
2.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
M a te ria l.
3.
4.
In the Card image: field, select M AT1 from the drop-down list. The Card edit material
upon creation option should be checked.
5.
Click C re a te .
The MAT1 card image appears.
6.
Fill in the fields for E, Nu and Rho accordingly 2.1e04, 0.33 and 8.0e-10.
7.
Click re turn.
8.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
M a te ria l.
9.
In the Name: field, enter MAT10_Solids. Select FLUID from the drop-down list in the
Type field.
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173
10.
Select FLUID from the drop-down list in the Type field. Check the Card edit material
upon creation option.
11.
For Card image:, select MAT10 from the drop-down list. The Card edit material upon
creation option should be checked.
12.
Click C re a te .
The MAT10 card image appears.
13.
Fill in the fields for Rho and C accordingly 1.2e-13 and 3.4e5.
14.
Click re turn.
15.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Pro pe rty .
16.
17.
For Card image:, select PSHELL from the drop-down list. Check the Card edit
material upon creation option.
18.
19.
Click C re a te .
The PSHELL card image appears.
20.
Enter the thickness for the shell component by clicking [T], clicking in the text box, and
entering 2.0.
21.
22.
Right-click inside the Model Browser window and activate the menu over Create >
Pro pe rty .
23.
24.
25.
For Material, select MAT10_Solids. Check the Card edit material upon creation
option.
26.
Click C re a te .
The PSOLID card image appears.
27.
Select the option PFLUID by clicking on [FC TN] and then click on SM E C H .
28.
29.
30.
Click on e le m s and select the elements by collector and select the collector fluid.
31.
32.
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33.
Click on e le m s again and select the elements by collector and select the collector
structure.
34.
Select ty pe = 2D .
35.
36.
Click the co m po ne nt
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
2.
Select the create subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
3.
4.
5.
Click the cre a tio n m e tho d switch and select no card image from the pop-up menu.
6.
Click cre a te .
A new load collector, unit-load is created.
7.
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175
8.
Make sure the current load collector is set to unit_load by clicking the Se t C urre nt
Lo a d C o lle cto r field at the bottom right corner on HyperMesh window.
2.
Select the create subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
3.
Select node number 19072 on the car model by clicking on nodes and selecting it by ID .
4.
Uncheck all dofs, except dof3 and click the = to the right of dof3 and enter a value of 1 .
5.
Select Load Types = and select DAREA from the extended entity selection menu.
6.
Click cre a te .
This applies a unit load to the selected node.
7.
Click re turn.
icon.
2.
Select the create subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
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3.
4.
5.
Toggle the button and select card image from the pop-up menu.
6.
Click ca rd im a ge = and select TABLED1 from the extended entity selection menu.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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177
8.
9.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click F1, then click in the field box below F1 and input a value of 0.0.
7.
Click D F, then click in the field box below DF and input a value of 1.0.
8.
Click ND F, then click in the field box below NDF and input a value of 200.
9.
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Step 8: Create the modal method for eigenvalue analysis using the
Lanczos method and specify the frequency range for eigenvalue
extraction
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
2.
3.
Click the ty pe : switch and select fre q.re s p (m o da l) from the pop-up menu.
4.
5.
Click on the e ntry field and select e igrl1 from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the e ntry field and select e igrl2 from the list of load collectors.
8.
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179
9.
Click on the e ntry field and select rlo a d1 from the list of load collectors.
10.
11.
Click on the e ntry field and select fre q1 from the list of load collectors.
12.
Click cre a te .
A RADIOSS subcase has been created which references the constraints, the unit load in
the load collector rload1 with a set of frequencies defined in load collector freq1 and
modal method defined in the load collector eigrl.
13.
2.
3.
Click the switch below name and select no ca rd im a ge , instead of card image.
4.
5.
Make sure that the yellow entity: selection type box is set to no de s .
6.
7.
Click cre a te .
A message appears stating: "T he e nt it y se t ha s be e n c re a t e d."
8.
Click re turn.
2.
Click on AC M O D L.
This defines the model parameters for fluid-structure interface.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click the field box FORM and select PH ASE from the pop-up menu.
8.
Click the field box OPTION and select SID from the pop-up menu.
A new field appears in yellow.
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9.
Double-click the yellow SID box and select SE TA from the pop-up selection on the
bottom left corner.
A value of 1 now appears below the SID field box. This sets the output for only the
nodes in set 1.
10.
11.
Select GLOBAL_CASE_CONTROL.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Double-click on the box beneath FREQ and select ALL from the pop-up selection.
Choosing ALL will output results for all frequencies.
19.
20.
Double-click on the box beneath FREQ and select ALL from the pop-up selection.
21.
22.
23.
Select PAR AM .
24.
25.
26.
Click below G_V1, and input a value of 0.06 into the field box.
This value specifies a uniform structural damping coefficient and is obtained by
multiplying the critical damping [C/C0] ratio by 2.0.
27.
28.
29.
30.
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181
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file, enter the
name Half_car.fem in the File name: field, and click Sa v e .
4.
5.
Click R AD IO SS.
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the job is successful, new results files can be seen in
the directory where the RADIOSS model file was written. The Half_car.out file is a
good place to look for error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors
are present.
The default files written to the directory are:
Half_car.html
Half_car.out
Half_car.h3d
Half_car.stat
Once the analysis process completes, click the green H y pe rVie w button to open a
HyperView session.
2.
3.
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4.
Select the directory where the job was run and select the file Half_Car_freq.mvw.
5.
Click O pe n.
A discard warning appears.
6.
Click Y e s .
Two graphs per page and a total of one page are displayed in HyperGraph. The graph
title shows Subcase 1 (subcase 1) pressure at grid 18881.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
There are two sets of results on this page. The top graph shows Phase Angle verses
Frequency (log). The bottom graph shows Magnitude verses Frequency (log) (see
figure below) for Pressure at grid 18881.
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183
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185
Figure 1: Low C ycle and High C ycle regions on the S-N curve
Since S-N theory deals with uniaxial stress, the stress components need to be resolved into
one combined value for each calculation point, at each time step, and then used as
equivalent nominal stress applied on the S-N curve.
In RADIOSS, various stress combination types are available with the default being Absolute
maximum principle stress. In general Absolute maximum principle stress is recommended for
brittle materials, while Signed von Mises stress is recommended for ductile material. The
sign on the signed parameters is taken from the sign of the Maximum Absolute Principal value.
A flowchart of the fatigue setup in HyperMesh can be described as shown in the image below.
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The three aspects to the fatigue definition are the fatigue material properties, the fatigue
parameters and the loading sequence and event definitions.
The fatigue material properties: (S-N curve)
FATDEF: Defines the elements and associated fatigue properties that will be used for
the fatigue analysis.
PFAT: Defines the finish, treatment, layer and the fatigue strength reduction factors for
the elements.
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187
MATFAT: Defines the material properties for the fatigue analysis. These properties
should be obtained from the materials S-N curve (Figure 3). The S-N curve, typically, is
obtained from completely reversed bending on mirror polished specimen. S-N curves can
be one segment or two segments.
The fatigue parameters
FATPARM: Defines the parameters for the fatigue analysis. These include stress
combination method, mean stress correction method (Figure 4), Rainflow parameters,
Stress Units.
The fatigue sequence and event definition
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FATSEQ: Defines the loading sequence for the fatigue analysis. This card can refer to
another FATSEQ card or a FATEVNT card.
FATEVNT: Defines loading events for the fatigue analysis.
FATLOAD: Defines fatigue loading parameters.
TABLEFAT: Defines the y values for each point on the time loading history (Figure 5).
Exercise
In this tutorial, a control arm loaded by brake force and vertical force is used, as shown in
Figure 6. Two load time histories acquired for 2545 seconds with 1 HZ, shown in Figure 7(a)
and 7(b), are adopted. The SN curve of the material used in the control arm is shown in
Figure 8. Because a crack always initiates from the surface, a skin meshed with shell
elements is designed to cover the solid elements, which can improve the accuracy of
calculation as well.
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189
(a)
(b)
Figure 7: Load time history (a) for vertical force (b) for braking force
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Figure 8: SN curve
2.
3.
Make sure the Utility menu is selected in the View menu. Click Vie w > Utility > M e nu.
2.
Click on the Utility tab beside the Model tab in the browser. In the Tools section, click
on TAB LE cre a te .
3.
4.
5.
Click Ne xt.
6.
7.
In the Open the XY data File dialog box, set the Files of type filter to C SV (*.csv).
8.
9.
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191
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
A file in DAC format can very easily be imported in Altair HyperGraph and converted
to CSV format to be read in HyperMesh.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Repeat the process to create another load collector named FATLOAD2 with FATLOAD
card image and pointing to table2 and SUBCASE2.
10.
11.
2.
3.
Set FATEVNT_NUM_FLOAD to 2.
4.
5.
6.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
With this we have finished defining the sequence of events for the fatigue analysis. The
Fatigue parameters are defined next.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
toolbar button.
2.
3.
Click e dit.
4.
5.
6.
For the SN curve set (these values should be obtained from the materials SN curve).
SRI1 = 1420.58
B1 = -0.076
NC1 = 5.0e8
SE = 0.1
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193
7.
2.
3.
Set LAYER to TO P.
4.
Set FINISH to NO NE .
5.
Set TRTMENT to NO NE .
6.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Step 11: Submitting the RADIOSS analysis and reviewing the results
1.
2.
3.
4.
Click Sa v e .
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5.
6.
7.
Once the analysis is complete, click on the H y pe rVie w button to launch the results.
8.
In the Results tab, select Subca s e 3 (Fa tigue ) from the subcase field.
9.
10.
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195
Figure 1: Low C ycle and High C ycle regions on the S-N curve
Since S-N theory deals with uniaxial stress, the stress components need to be resolved into
one combined value for each calculation point, at each time step, and then used as
equivalent nominal stress applied on the S-N curve (Figure 2).
Altair Engineering
In RADIOSS various stress combination types are available, with the default being Absolute
maximum principle stress. In general Absolute maximum principle stress is recommended for
brittle materials, while Signed von Mises stress is recommended for ductile material. The
sign on the signed parameters is taken from the sign of the Maximum Absolute Principal value.
In this tutorial, you will be able to evaluate fatigue life with the S-N method through process
manager step by step. In brief, the following contents are covered:
Launching Fatigue Process Manager
Importing model
Creating fatigue subcase
Defining fatigue analysis parameters
Defining fatigue elements and S-N properties
Defining load-time history and loading sequence
Submitting the job
Viewing results summary and launch HyperView for post-processing
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197
Exercise
A control arm loaded by brake force and vertical force is used, as shown in Figure 3. Two load
time histories acquired for 2545 seconds with 1 HZ, shown in Figures 4(a) and 4(b), are
applied. The material of the control arm is aluminum, whose S-N curve is shown in Figure 5.
Because a crack always initiates from the surface, a skin meshed with shell elements is
designed to cover the solid elements, which can improve the accuracy of calculation as well.
(a)
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(b)
Figure 4: Load time history (a) for vertical force (b) for braking force
2.
3.
Click O K.
4.
5.
Input New Session Name and Working Folder and click C re a te . This creates a new file
to save the instance of the currently loaded fatigue process template.
When finished, the Fatigue Analysis tree will appear.
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199
Make sure the task Import File is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
3.
5.
Click Im po rt.
This loads the control arm model. It includes a whole definition of two static subcases,
elements sets, and material static properties, etc.
6.
Click Apply .
This guides you to the next task Fatigue Subcase of the Fatigue Analysis tree.
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Make sure the task Fa tigue Subca s e is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
3.
Click C re a te .
4.
For the Select existing fatigue subcase:, select the newly created fatigue subcase
fa ts ub_fpm tut.
fatsub_fpmtut is selected as the active fatigue subcase. Definitions in the following
processes (analysis parameters, fatigue elements and properties, loading sequences,
etc.) will be for this subcase.
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201
5.
Click Apply .
This saves the current definitions and guides you to the next task Analysis Parameters
of the Fatigue Analysis tree.
Make sure the task Ana ly s is Pa ra m e te rs is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
3.
Analysis type
S-N
GERBER
MPA
Rainflow type
STRESS
0.0
Certainty of survival
0.5
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4.
Click Apply .
This saves the current definitions and guides you to the next task Elements and
Materials of the Fatigue Analysis tree. For details, please consult the HyperWorks
12.0 Help.
Make sure the task E le m e nts a nd M a te ria ls is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
Click Add.
A Material Data window opens.
3.
4.
5.
Make sure Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is selected to define the material data.
6.
7.
For Input method of defining S-N curve, select E s tim a te Fro m UTS.
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203
8.
Click C lo s e .
10.
For Material type, select Alum inum Allo y s and click E s tim a te .
All the data for SN curve definition are automatically estimated.
11.
Click the Plo t SN C urv e button at the bottom of the window to show the SN curve.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Click Sa v e to save the definition of the SN data for the selected elements.
18.
Click Apply .
This saves the current definitions and guides you to the next task Load-Time History
of the Fatigue Analysis tree.
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205
Make sure the task Lo a d- Tim e H is to ry is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
3.
4.
5.
7.
8.
9.
Follow Steps 2 - 8 to create another load-time history lth2 by importing the file load2.
csv.
10.
11.
12.
Click Apply .
This saves the current definitions and guides you to the next task Loading Sequences
of the Fatigue Analysis tree.
Note:
For a file of DAC format, it can very easily be imported in Altair HyperGraph
and converted to CSV format for use by FPM.
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Make sure the task Lo a ding Se que nce s is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
Click Add.
A Loading Definition window opens.
3.
4.
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207
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
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Make sure the task Subm it Ana ly s is is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
Set the directory in which to save the file, and for File name, enter ctrlarm_fpmtut.
fem.
4.
5.
6.
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7.
ctrlarm_fpmtut.h3d
ctrlarm_fpmtut.out
ctrlarm_fpmtut.stat
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Make sure the task Po s t Pro ce s s ing is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
When fatigue analysis has completed successfully after the previous submit, it will
automatically go into this task.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Figure 1: Low C ycle and High C ycle regions on the S-N curve
Since E-N theory deals with uniaxial strain, the strain components need to be resolved into
one combined value for each calculation point, at each time step, and then used as
equivalent nominal strain applied on the E-N curve (Figure 2).
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In RADIOSS various strain combination types are available with the default being Absolute
maximum principle strain. In general Absolute maximum principle stain is recommended for
brittle materials, while Signed von Mises strain is recommended for ductile material. The
sign on the signed parameters is taken from the sign of the Maximum Absolute Principal value.
A flowchart of the fatigue setup in HyperMesh can be described as shown in the image below.
The three aspects to the fatigue definition are the fatigue material properties, the fatigue
parameters and the loading sequence and event definitions.
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215
FATDEF: Defines the elements and associated fatigue properties that will be used for
the fatigue analysis.
PFAT: Defines the finish, treatment, layer and the fatigue strength reduction factors for
the elements.
MATFAT: Defines the material properties for the fatigue analysis. These properties
should be obtained from the materials E-N curve (Figure 2). The E-N curve, typically, is
obtained from completely reversed bending on mirror polished specimen.
The fatigue parameters
FATPARM: Defines the parameters for the fatigue analysis. These include stress
combination method, mean stress correction method (Figure 4), Rainflow parameters,
Stress Units.
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FATSEQ: Defines the loading sequence for the fatigue analysis. This card can refer to
another FATSEQ card or a FATEVNT card.
FATEVNT: Defines loading events for the fatigue analysis.
FATLOAD: Defines fatigue loading parameters.
TABLEFAT: Defines the y values for each point on the time loading history (Figure 5).
Exercise
In this tutorial, a control arm loaded by brake force and vertical force is used, as shown in
Figure 6. Two load time histories acquired for 2545 seconds with 1 HZ, shown in Figure 7(a)
and 7(b), are adopted. The material of the control arm is aluminum, whose E-N curve is
shown in Figure 8. Because a crack always initiates from the surface, a skin meshed with
shell elements is designed to cover the solid elements, which can improve the accuracy of
calculation as well.
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217
(a)
(b)
Figure 7: Load time history (a) for vertical force (b) for braking force
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Launch HyperMesh.
2.
3.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click Ne xt.
6.
B ro ws e
7.
In the Open the XY data File dialog box, set the Files of type filter to C SV (*.csv).
8.
9.
10.
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12.
13.
14.
A file in DAC format can very easily be imported in Altair HyperGraph and converted
to CSV format to be read in HyperMesh.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Repeat the process to create another load collector named FATLOAD2 with FATLOAD
card image and pointing to table2 and SUBCASE2.
9.
10.
2.
3.
Set FATEVNT_NUM_FLOAD to 2.
4.
5.
6.
2.
3.
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4.
5.
With this we have finished defining the sequence of events for the fatigue analysis. Next we
will define the Fatigue parameters.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
2.
3.
Click e dit.
4.
5.
6.
For the EN curve set (these values should be obtained from the materials E-N curve).
toolbar button.
SF = 1002.000
B = -0.095
C = -0.690
EF = 0.350
NP = 0.110
KP = 966.000
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NC = 2E+08
SEE = 0.100
SEP = 0.100
7.
2.
3.
Set LAYER to TO P.
4.
Set FINISH to NO NE .
5.
Set TRTMENT to NO NE .
6.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Step 11: Submitting the RADIOSS analysis and reviewing the results
1.
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2.
3.
4.
Click Sa v e .
5.
6.
Once the analysis is complete, click on the H y pe rVie w button to launch the results.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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223
Figure 1: Low C ycle and High C ycle regions on the S-N curve
Since E-N theory deals with uniaxial strain, the strain components need to be resolved into
one combined value for each calculation point, at each time step, and then used as
equivalent nominal strain applied on the E-N curve (Figure 2).
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In RADIOSS, various strain combination types are available with the default being Absolute
maximum principle strain. In general Absolute maximum principle stain is recommended for
brittle materials, while Signed von Mises strain is recommended for ductile material. The
sign on the signed parameters is taken from the sign of the Maximum Absolute Principal value.
In this tutorial, you will be able to evaluate fatigue life with the E-N method, which is a new
feature in HW10.0, through Fatigue Process Manager (FPM) step by step. In brief, the
following contents are covered:
Launching Fatigue Process Manager
Importing model
Creating fatigue subcase
Defining fatigue analysis parameters
Defining fatigue elements and E-N properties
Defining load-time history and loading sequence
Submitting the job
Viewing results summary and launch HyperView for post-processing
The following files are needed to perform this tutorial:
ctrlarm.fem, load1.csv and load2.csv
These files can be found in <install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/ and
copied to your working directory.
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Exercise
A control arm loaded by brake force and vertical force is used, as shown in Figure 3. Two
load time histories acquired for 2545 seconds with 1 HZ, shown in Figures 4(a) and 4(b), are
applied. The material of the control arm is aluminum, whose E-N curve is shown in Figure 5.
Because a crack always initiates from the surface, a skin meshed with shell elements is
designed to cover the solid elements, which can improve the accuracy of calculation as well.
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(a)
(b)
Figure 4: Load time history (a) for vertical force (b) for braking force
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227
Launch HyperMesh.
A User Profiles Graphic User Interface (GUI) will appear.
2.
3.
Click O K.
4.
5.
Input New Session Name and Working Folder and click C re a te . This creates a new
file to save the instance of the currently loaded fatigue process template.
When finished, the Fatigue Analysis tree will appear.
Make sure the task Im po rt File is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
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3.
5.
Click Im po rt.
This loads the control arm model. It includes a whole definition of two static subcases,
elements sets, and material static properties, etc.
6.
Click Apply .
This guides you to the next task Fatigue Subcase of the Fatigue Analysis tree.
Make sure the task Fa tigue Subca s e is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
3.
Click C re a te .
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4.
For the Select existing fatigue subcase:, select the newly created fatigue subcase
fa ts ub_fpm tut.
fatsub_fpmtut is selected as the active fatigue subcase. Definitions in the following
processes (analysis parameters, fatigue elements and properties, loading sequences,
etc.) will be for this subcase.
5.
Click Apply .
This saves the current definitions and guides you to the next task Analysis Parameters
of the Fatigue Analysis tree.
Make sure the task Ana ly s is Pa ra m e te rs is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
E-N
Signed von Mises
SWT
MPA
STRESS
NEUBER
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3.
4.
0.0
0.5
Click Apply .
This saves the current definitions and guides you to the next task Elements and
Materials of the Fatigue Analysis tree. For details, please consult the HyperWorks
12.0 Help.
Make sure the task E le m e nts a nd M a te ria ls is selected in the Fatigue An a ly s is tree.
2.
Click Add.
A Material Data window opens.
3.
4.
5.
Make sure Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is selected to define the material data.
6.
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231
7.
8.
Click C lo s e .
10.
For Material type, select Alum inum a nd Tita nium Allo y s and click E s tim a te .
All the data for EN curve definition are automatically estimated.
11.
Click Plo t E N C urv e button at the bottom of the window to show the EN curve.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Click Sa v e to save the definition of the EN data for the selected elements.
18.
Click Apply .
This saves the current definitions and guides you to the next task Load-Time History
of the Fatigue Analysis tree.
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233
Make sure the task Lo a d- Tim e H is to ry is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
3.
4.
5.
7.
8.
9.
Follow Steps 2 - 8 to create another load-time history lth2 by importing the file load2.
csv.
10.
11.
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12.
Click Apply .
This saves the current definitions and guides you to the next task Loading Sequences
of the Fatigue Analysis tree.
Note:
For a file of DAC format, it can very easily be imported in Altair HyperGraph and
converted to CSV format for use by FPM.
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235
1.
Make sure the task Lo a ding Se que nce s is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
Click Add.
A Loading Definition window opens.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
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Make sure the task Subm it Ana ly s is is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
2.
Set the directory in which to save the file, and for File name, enter ctrlarm_fpmtut.
fem.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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ctrlarm_fpmtut.h3d
ctrlarm_fpmtut.out
ctrlarm_fpmtut.stat
Make sure the task Post Processing is selected in the Fatigue Analysis tree.
When fatigue analysis has completed successfully after the previous submit, it will
automatically go into this task.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
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Exercise
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Launch HyperMesh.
A User Profiles Graphic User Interface (GUI) will appear.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile.
5.
6.
Select the file gasket_model.hm located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/ and click O pe n.
2.
Toggle the radio button C re a te / E dit Ta ble and select TAB LE S1.
4.
Click Ne xt.
5.
Toggle the radio button C re a te Ne w Ta ble and enter the name load-curve.
6.
Next, populate the X (closure) and Y (pressure) fields of the table, as shown below
and then click Apply .
7.
0.0
0.0
0.005
200.0
0.05
450.0
0.135
700.0
0.22
820.0
0.287
830.0
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A dialog box will appear stating: T he loa d c olle c t or loa d-c urv e w it h T ABLES1 c a rd
im a ge is c re a t e d .
8.
9.
Following steps 2 through 7 to create the unloading curve named unload-curve1 with
the following X-Y data:
X
10.
0.08
0.0
0.12
140.0
0.135
700.0
Next, create the second unloading curve named unload-curve2 with the following X-Y
data:
X
0.17
0.0
0.2
250.0
0.22
820.0
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243
11.
Finally, create the third unloading curve named unload-curve3 with the following X-Y
data:
X
0.23
0.0
0.265
360.0
0.287
830.0
2.
Toggle the cre a te radio button, for mat name =, enter gask_membrane.
3.
For type =, select ISO TR O PIC and M AT1 as the card image, now click cre a te / e dit.
4.
5.
Click re turn.
Next, you will define the nonlinear properties for the gasket material.
6.
Toggle the cre a te radio button again and for mat name =, enter gask_nonlin.
7.
For type=, select G ASKE T and for card image =, select M G ASK.
8.
9.
Since this is an elasto-plastic gasket material, for gasket behavior leave [BEHAV] field
as 0.
10.
For initial yield pressure, leave the [YPRS] field blank for the solver to determine it
automatically.
11.
12.
13.
14.
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15.
2.
Toggle the cre a te radio button and for prop name =, enter gasket_prop.
3.
4.
For material =, select the ga s k_no nlin material you just created in Step 3, now click
cre a te / e dit.
5.
6.
7.
Click re turn.
Next, assign this property to the gasket component.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
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245
2.
Click the elem types panel and click on the 2D & 3D button.
3.
4.
5.
2.
3.
For comps, select the G ASKE T component and click dis pla y no rm a ls .
The normals of the gasket elements are not in the thickness direction, but in the Zdirection, as shown below.
5.
6.
For choosing the face nodes, click on nodes and select three nodes on a face of any
gasket element in the thickness direction and click adjust normals.
The normals are now adjusted to be in thickness direction of gasket, as shown below.
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7.
Undisplay the GASKET component and display only the SOLID1 component.
2.
3.
Click on s o lid fa ce s .
4.
5.
6.
7.
For nodes on face:, select the three nodes on the bottom surface (i.e. surface
contacting the gasket, as shown below) and click cre a te .
8.
While still on the contactsurfs panel, undisplay the SOLID1 component and display only
the SOLID2 component.
9.
Repeat steps 3 though 8 to create the contact surface SOLID2_top for the top surface
of the SOLID2 component contacting the gasket.
10.
Similarly, repeat steps 1 though 8 and create GASKET_top and GASKET_bottom surfaces
for the top and bottom surfaces of the GASKET component, respectively.
11.
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12.
13.
14.
15.
Click on the a dd button to select the master and slave surfaces for this interface.
16.
For master:, toggle to cs urfs and select the SO LID 1_bo tto m surface and click upda te
.
17.
For slave:, toggle to cs urfs and select the G ASKE T_to p surface and click upda te .
18.
20.
21.
Click on the a dd button to select the master and slave surfaces for this interface.
22.
For master:, select the SO LID 2_to p surface and click upda te .
23.
For slave:, select the G ASKE T_bo tto m surface and click upda te .
24.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
2.
3.
4.
Check the box preceding SPC. Click on the entry field that appears to the right of SPC
and select the SPC load collector.
5.
Check the box preceding LOAD. Click on the entry field that appears to the right of
LOAD and select the pre s s ure load collector.
6.
Check the box preceding NLPARM. Click on the entry field that appears to the right of
NLPARM and select the NLPAR M load collector.
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249
7.
Click cre a te .
8.
Click re turn.
2.
3.
4.
2.
Click s a v e a s
3.
and select the directory where you want to write the file.
The file extension .fem is necessary for RADIOSS to recognize it as an input file.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the job is successful, you should see new results files
in the directory where HyperMesh was invoked. The gasket_complete.out file is a good
place to look for error messages that will help you debug your input deck, if any errors
are present.
The default files that will be written to your directory are:
gasket_complete.
html
gasket_complete.
out
ASCII based output file of the model check run before the
simulation begins and gives nonlinear iteration history as well as
basic information on the results of the run.
gasket_complete.
stat
gasket_complete.
h3d
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Units
Top block
72 mm x 72 mm
Bottom block
100 mm x 100 mm
Thickness of
blocks
20. mm
Material
Steel, Elasto-plastic
Imposed pressure
Initial density ( ):
7.90e-9 kg/mm3
210000 MPa
0.3
850.0 MPa
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255
Exercise
Launch HyperMesh.
A User Profiles Graphic User Interface (GUI) will appear.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile.
5.
6.
Select the file nlstat.hm located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
7.
Click O pe n.
In the Tab area, click on the Utility menu. If not active, click Vie w > Utility .
2.
3.
Click on C re a te / E dit Ta ble and select the table type as TAB LE S1.
4.
Click Ne xt.
5.
Click the radio button for Create New Table and enter the Name of the table as
stress-strain.
6.
7.
Click Apply .
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A dialog box will appear which says 'T he loa d c olle c t or st re ss-st ra in w it h T ABLES1 c a rd
im a ge is c re a t e d .
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Input the values, as shown below. [TYPSTRN] of 1 signifies that we are specifying
stress (Y) vs plastic strain (X).
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257
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click cre a te .
7.
8.
Repeat steps 3 through 6, for bottom block select the bo tto m s o lid So lid2.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Next, click the radio button for a dd to add the master and slave surfaces to the
interface definition, as shown below.
14.
15.
Click upda te .
16.
17.
Click upda te .
18.
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19.
Click on ca rd im a ge and then click e dit to specify the contact definition, as shown
below.
20.
2.
3.
4.
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259
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the e ntry field and select the SPC load collector.
6.
7.
Click on the e ntry field and select the pre s s ure load collector.
8.
9.
Click on the e ntry field and select the nlpa rm load collector.
10.
Click cre a te .
2.
3.
Keep the boxes preceding SPC and NLPARM checked, as shown below.
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4.
Click cre a te .
5.
Click e dit and select C NTNLSUB to continue the solution sequence from the previous
loading subcase.
6.
2.
3.
4.
5.
2.
Click s a v e a s
3.
4.
Click Sa v e .
5.
The file extension .fem is necessary for RADIOSS to recognize it as an input file.
6.
7.
8.
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and select the directory where you want to write the file.
261
9.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the job is successful, you should see new results files
in the directory where HyperMesh was invoked. The nlstat_complete.out file is where
you will find error messages that will help you debug your input deck, if any errors are
present.
10.
nlstat_complete.out
ASCII based output file of the model check run before the
simulation begins and gives nonlinear iteration history as
well as basic information on the results of the run.
nlstat_complete.stat
nlstat_complete.h3d
Using HyperView, plot the Displacement, the von Mises stress, plastic strains and
contact pressure contours at the end of the 1st (loading) step.
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263
Figure 6. C ontour of C ontact Pressure in the block interface after the 1st (loading) subcase
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Next, change the subcase to the 2nd that is unloading subcase and plot the displacement
contour to see the change in displacements in the blocks subject to unloading.
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Exercise
Setting up the Problem in HyperMesh
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh, set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User Profile
and retrieve the structural model
1.
Please download both brake.fem and DMIG.pch files, located in the HyperWorks
installation directory under <install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/, to
your working directory.
2.
Launch HyperMesh.
3.
4.
5.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and import
reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating
models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct. User Profiles can also be
accessed from the Preferences menu on the toolbar.
6.
9.
2.
3.
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267
4.
5.
Click [ND ] and input 20 and click re turn to go back to create subpanel.
20 real modes are required to produce the reduced space for complex eigenvalue
analysis.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Click [ND 0] and input 12 and click re turn twice to go back to main menu.
The desired number of roots to be extracted is 12.
Step 3: Retrieve the friction data from DMIG data and define analysis
parameters
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click K2PP.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Click PAR AM .
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the = sign and select SPC from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the = sign and select e igc from the list of load collectors.
8.
9.
Click on the = sign and select e igrl from the list of load collectors.
10.
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the file and enter the name for
brake_complex.fem in the File name: field.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the file displays in the input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job.
If the job completed successfully, new results files can be seen in the directory where
the RADIOSS model file was written. The brake_complex.out file is a good place to
look for error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors are present.
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269
Load brake_complex.out file in a text editor. The complex modes contain the imaginary
part, which represents the cyclic frequency, and the real part which represents the
damping of the mode. If the real part is negative, then the mode is said to be stable. If
the real part is positive, then the mode is unstable. The eigenvalues of the complex
modes are shown below:
As you can see, the 5th mode was divergent while all of the other modes were stable.
The friction coefficient parameter can be reduced by setting the PARAM,FRIC factor from
a value of 0.05 to 0.01, and all roots become stable. It illustrates that there is a stability
threshold between the friction factor 0.05 and 0.01. It can be determined by resetting
the scale factor of PARAM, FRIC and rerunning the model till the damping value of this
mode approaches zero.
2.
Please load the brake_complex.h3d file into HyperView to review complex eigenvectors.
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271
Exercise
Setting up the Problem in HyperMesh
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh Desktop, set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User
Profile and retrieve the structural model
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and
import reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for
generating models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS and OptiStruct. User Profiles can
also be accessed from the Preferences menu on the toolbar.
5.
Click O pe n > M o de l
7.
The model is built using CBEAM elements and the PBEAML properties and MAT1 material are
already assigned. The units used for entering beam and material properties are force Newtons, length - mm and mass - tonnes.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Check all dofs (that is do f1 to do f6) with the value 0.000, confirm load types is set to
SPC, click cre a te .
The constraints are created as shown in the figure below.
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273
7.
Step 4: Define the input response spectrum using the TABLED1 card
1.
Go to the Utility tab. If the Utility menu is not displayed, go to Vie w > Utility .
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click Ne xt.
6.
7.
8.
Click on B ro ws e .
9.
For Files of type: change to CSV (*.csv), select the file sourceFileTABELD1.csv
(which contains the x and y values to define the input response spectrum, with
frequency plotted on the x-axis and acceleration on the y-axis) located in the folder
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
10.
11.
12.
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13.
Click E xit on the Import TABLED1 GUI (if you do not see the GUI, check the taskbar
and click on the Im po rt TAB LE D 1 GUI).
14.
If you want to see the plot corresponding to the TABLED1 card that you created above,
open the TAB LE C re a te on the Utility menu on the FEA panel. This time select the
option C re a te / E dit Ta ble , for Tables: select TAB LE D 1, click Ne xt. Under Options:,
select E dit E xis ting Ta ble , corresponding to Select: select tabled1_card and click Plo t
. After reviewing the plot, click on C lo s e in the Plot window and E xit on the Create/
Edit TABLED1 GUI.
2.
Right-click on any open space in the browser and select C re a te > Lo a d C o lle cto r.
This will bring up the Create Load Collector dialog box.
3.
Enter dti_card as the name of load collector, select D TI as the card image =.
4.
Click the check box next to Card edit loadcollector upon creation.
5.
6.
Under TYPE, select A since the input response spectrum is a plot of acceleration v/s
frequency.
7.
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275
8.
9.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Since the direction of excitation for the structure is the Global Z direction, enter 0.0 for
X(0,0), 0.0 for X(0,1) and 1.0 for X(0,2) respectively.
11.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Enter the values 0.0, 0.02, 50.0 and 0.02 for f(1), g(1), f(2) and g(2) respectively.
7.
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On the Analysis page, click co ntro l ca rds panel > ne xt twice > PAR AM panel.
2.
Scroll down the list of available params, check the box next to COUPMASS, and for the
value, select Y E S, so the coupled mass matrix approach is used for eigenvalue analysis.
3.
Scroll down the list of available params, check the box next to EFFMASS, and for the
value, select Y E S, so the modal participation factors and effective mass are computed
and output to the .out file.
4.
2.
3.
Click on G LO B AL_O UTPUT_R E Q UE ST, scroll down the list to STR E SS and check it.
4.
5.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
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277
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the file and enter the name for the file
in the File name: field.
Note: Please save the file in a folder different from the folders under HyperWorks
installation folder.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note: The name and location of the file displays in the input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job.
9.
If the job completed successfully, new results files can be seen in the directory where
the RADIOSS model file was written. The .out file is a good place to look for error
messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors are present and this can be
done by clicking on the v ie w .o ut button in the Radioss panel.
If the analysis completes successfully, click on H y pe rVie w button in the Radioss panel.
This launches HyperView and loads in the model and result file for the analysis.
2.
In the HyperView Results browser, expand the R e s ults folder, then expand the Ve cto r
folder and contour displacement results by selecting M a g under Displacement.
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3.
To contour stresses expand the Sca la r folder under Results, expand E le m e nt Stre s s e s
(1D ) and contour the stress you want to see.
Shown below is the contour of CBAR/CBEAM Long. Stress SAMAX.
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279
Altair Engineering
Exercise
Step 1: Load the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User Profile and import the
model
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
2.
3.
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281
4.
Click O K.
This loads the user profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and import
reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating
models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS.
User Profiles can also be accessed from the Preferences menu on the toolbar.
5.
Select the cover.fem file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
8.
Click O pe n.
The location of cover.fem now displays in the File: field.
9.
Click Apply .
The cover.fem database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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6.
Click cre a te .
The ERP panel should be created.
7.
2.
3.
Check the box in front of ERP and enter 2 in the ERP_NUM field.
4.
Set FORMATs, GRIDs, and OPTIONs for the E R P o utput, as shown below.
The grid contribution of each grid in addition to the ERP results for the panel will be
output to an .h3d file. ERP panel results will be output to punch format.
5.
2.
Click Sa v e a s
Select the directory where you would like to write the file and enter cover_ERP.fem in
the File name: field.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the file displays in the input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
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283
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job.
When the job completed successfully, new results files can be seen in the directory
where the RADIOSS model file was written.
Select Subca s e 1 (frf) as the current load c a se in the Results Browser. Select the
last load step where frequency is 50.0Hz.
2.
3.
Select Equivalent Radiated Power (ERP_elem ) as Result type and then select Panel .
4.
Click Apply .
Select E quiv a le nt R a dia te d Po we r (E R P_e le m ) as Result type and then select G rid
C o ntributio ns .
6.
Click Apply .
The contour of grid contributions to ERP should be loaded.
Launch HyperGraph.
2.
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3.
4.
5.
6.
Click Apply .
The plot of ERP panel results vs loading frequency should be loaded, as shown below.
The ERP (dB) results are available, as well.
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285
Altair Engineering
Exercise
Step 1: Load the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User Profile and import the
model
1.
Launch HyperMesh.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the user profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and import
reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating
models in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS.
User Profiles can also be accessed from the Preferences menu on the toolbar.
5.
Select the R ings .fe m file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
8.
Click O pe n.
The location of Rings.fem now displays in the File: field.
9.
Click Apply .
The Rings.fem database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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287
6.
Click cre a te / e dit and go to the property card image editor panel.
7.
In the PGAP card, set U0= to 0.0 and select FR E E Z E for MU1 entity.
A property for initially closed FREEZE gap is defined.
8.
Check the box in front of PGAPHT under User Comments. Check the box in front of
KAHT_opts and select AUTO under Options.
KAHT=AUTO determines the value of KAHT for each gap element using the conduction of
surrounding elements.
The PGAP and PGAPHT definition should be the same, as shown below.
9.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click cre a te .
7.
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8.
9.
10.
Click the highlighted no de s and click by s e ts . Check the box in front of GAPgrids and
click Se le ct.
11.
Click the highlighted e le m s and click by s e ts . Check the box in front of GAPelems and
click Se le ct.
Face nodes need to be picked for the solid elements in GAPelems.
12.
13.
Click fa ce no de s and select the no de s on the inner surface of the highlighted solid
elements, as shown below.
14.
15.
Click C re a te .
The CGAPG elements with heat transfer conduction property are created.
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289
As described at the beginning of the tutorial, the heat transfer boundary condition SPC_heat
and heat flux input flux are predefined in the model. A RADIOSS steady state heat
conduction loadstep, referring to SPC_heat and flux, has been defined as well. The heat
transfer results are requested in loadsteps panel. Please refer to tutorial RD-1080 for the
details on how to define heat transfer boundary condition, heat flux, and the output request.
Please note that without PGAPHT, the heat cannot be transferred through the gap elements.
In this case, the outer ring remains zero degree and the inner ring takes all heat, as shown in
the temperature results in Figure 5. Please run the completed model and compare the results
with PGAPHT to the results below.
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2.
Click s a v e a s
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, Rings_complete.fem, in the File name: field.
The .fem filename extension is the recommended extension for Bulk Data Format input
decks.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the Rings_complete.fem file displays in the input file:
field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the job. If the job is successful, you should see new results files in the
directory from which Rings_complete.fem was selected. The Rings_complete.out file
is a good place to look for error messages that could help debug the input deck if any
errors are present.
Once you receive the message Proc e ss c om ple t e d suc c e ssfully in the command window,
click H y pe rVie w.
HyperView is launched and the results are loaded. A message window appears to inform
of the successful model and result files loading into HyperView.
2.
3.
4.
Select Subca s e 1 - he a t tra ns fe r as the current load case in the Load Case and
Simulation Selection window.
5.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select G rid Te m pe ra ture s (s ).
6.
Click Apply .
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291
7.
Select the first pull-down menu below Result type: and select E le m e nt Fluxe s (V).
8.
Click Apply .
Both temperature and flux results are shown below.
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293
Block Format
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HyperCrash
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295
Model.
Altair Engineering
= 6063 T7
Initial Density
= 2.7e-6kg/mm3
Youngs Modulus
= 60.4kN/mm2
Poissons Ratio
= 0.33
= 0.09026kN/mm2
= 0.22313
= 0.374618
= 0.75
Maximum Stress
= 0.175kN/mm2
Shell Thickness
= 1.7 mm
Velocity
= 1 mm/ms
Unit System
= kN mm ms kg
All other values that are not listed above are default values.
Exercise
Open HyperCrash and set the User profile: to R AD IO SS_V11 and the Unit system: to
kN_m m _m s _kg.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
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297
2.
Right-click in the material list and select C re a te Ne w > R AD IO SS > E la s to - pla s tic >
Jo hns o n- C o o k (2).
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
Right-click in the material list and select Cre a t e Ne w > R AD IO SS > Surfa ce > She ll (1).
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
3.
4.
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5.
To constrain the nodes, toggle the buttons in Tx, Tz, Rx, Ry and Rz and finally click
Sa v e .
6.
Repeat the same operations to create BC2, as shown in the figure below:
7.
Toggle the buttons Tx, Ty, Tz, Rx, Ry and Rz, and then click on Sa v e .
8.
Repeat the same operations to create BC3, as shown in the figure below:
9.
10.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Using the Box Selection button, select the nodes in the graphic window, as shown in
the figure below:
8.
9.
10.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
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299
2.
3.
4.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
Step 8: Create Control Cards, Export the Starter and Engine files
1.
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2.
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301
3.
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4.
In the Write Block Format 110 RADIOSS File window that opens, enter TENSILE and
click O K.
5.
The model is now ready to run thru the Starter and the Engine. It will produce the result
files TENSILEA* for animation in HyperView and TENSILET01 for time history plotting in
HyperGraph.
RADIOSS Computing
2.
3.
In the Options field, enter both (refer to the Run Options for RADIOSS).
4.
Click R un.
A Message Log window is opened. The RADIOSS Starter is running and after the
RADIOSS Engine is running too.
Open HyperView.
By default the opened bottom frame is the Load model and results frame.
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303
2.
3.
4.
Click O pe n.
5.
, click the
icon.
2.
3.
2.
3.
Click Apply .
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4.
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305
2.
to the bottom.
3.
4.
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1.
2.
.
.
A window appears.
3.
4.
Click O pe n .
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Click Apply .
The curve 54 Node 1 - DX is loaded.
10.
11.
A Curve 2 appears.
12.
13.
14.
On the graphic window, click at the same time on the Shift button and on the Curve 54
Node 1 DX
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307
15.
16.
Select the
17.
On the graphic window, click at the same time on the Shift button and on the Curve 54
Node 1 DX.
18.
button.
Click Apply .
The curve Curve 4 is loaded.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click Apply .
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7.
8.
A Curve 4 appears.
9.
10.
11.
On the graphic window, click at the same time on the Shift button and on the Curve 2
section2 - FNX.
12.
13.
On the graphic window, click at the same time on the Shift button and on the Curve 2
section2 - FNX.
14.
15.
Click Apply .
The curve Curve 4 is loaded.
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309
2.
3.
2.
3.
4.
On the graphic window, click at the same time on the Shift button and on the Curve 2.
5.
6.
7.
On the graphic window, click at the same time on the Shift button and on the Curve 4
.
8.
Click Apply .
The curve Curve 5 is loaded.
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2.
3.
2.
.
.
A window appears.
3.
4.
Click O pe n.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Click Apply .
The curve Block 1 - Column 2 (experimental data curve) is loaded.
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311
2.
3.
4.
5.
In the Text tab, change the Label field with Tim e by E ngine e ring Stra in.
6.
Click Apply .
7.
8.
In the Text item, change the Label field with No de / Sa v e d no de by E ngine e ring
Stre s s .
9.
Click Apply .
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Select the C urv e 5 in the Curve list. Replace Curve 5 item by R AD IO SS.
16.
17.
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313
Model
Model Description
UNITS: Length (mm), Time (ms), Mass (kg), Force (kN) and Stress (GPa)
Simulation time: Engine [0 10 ms]
The tube thickness is 0.914 mm.
An imposed velocity of 13.3 mm/ms (~30 MPH) is applied to the right end of the tube
Elasto plastic material using Johnson-Cook law /MAT/PLAS_JOHNS (STEEL).
= 7.85e-6 Kg/mm3
E = 210 GPa
Initial density
Youngs modulus
= 0.33
Poisson coefficient
0 = 0.206 GPa
b = 0.450 GPa
n = 0.5
Hardening Exponent
Maximum Stress
Altair Engineering
Exercise
Open HyperCrash and set the User profile: to R AD IO SS V11 and the Unit system: to
kN m m m s kg.
2.
3.
4.
Click R un.
5.
6.
7.
Click O K.
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315
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2.
In the window right-click and select C re a te Ne w > Surfa ce > She ll (1).
3.
4.
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317
5.
6.
7.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
In the Rigid body creation field, enter the name Rigid Body and click O k.
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3.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note:
5.
For the remainder of the tutorial, you need to have the ID of the master node of
the rigid body.
7.
Click C lo s e .
2.
In the Boundary condition creation field, enter the name BC1 and click O k.
3.
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319
4.
To constrain the nodes, toggle the buttons in Tx, Ty, Rx, Ry and Rz.
5.
Click Sa v e .
In the Boundary condition creation field, enter the name BC2 and click O k.
2.
3.
4.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
3.
4.
5.
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6.
7.
In the Node by Id field, enter 803 and click O k, (or toggle the button Add RB master
nodes).
8.
9.
10.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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321
7.
Go to the Properties tab, and switch the Friction Parameter: Sliding to Frictio n.
8.
9.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
Right-click in the Contact Interface list and select C reate New > Multi usage (Type 7).
3.
Click to toggle Se lf im pa ct .
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
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Step 10: Export the model, write Starter (D00) and Engine (D01) files
1.
2.
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323
3.
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4.
In the Write Block Format 110 RADIOSS File window that opens up, enter the name
BOXTUBE and click O K.
5.
The model is now ready to run through the Starter and the Engine.
Step 12: Select the Starter file BOXTUBE_0000.rad as Input file and
Run the model with the option: both
Step 13: Review the listing files for this run and verify on the results
1.
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325
Altair Engineering
Model Description
UNITS: Length (mm), Time (s), Mass (ton), Force (N) and Stress (MPa)
Simulation time:
An initial velocity of 15600 mm/s is applied on the car model to impact a rigid pole of
radius 250 mm.
Elasto-plastic Material /MAT/PLAS_JOHNS (WINDSHIELD)
= 2.5x10-9 ton/mm3
Initial Density
Young's Modulus
E = 76000 MPa
Poissons Ratio
= 0.3
Yield Stress
0 = 192 MPa
Hardening Parameter
K = 220 MPa
Hardening Exponent
n = 0.32
Initial Density
Young's Modulus
E = 210000 MPa
Poissons Ratio
= 0.3
Yield Stress
0 = 200 MPa
Hardening Parameter
K = 450 MPa
Hardening Exponent
n = 0.5
Maximum Stress
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327
Initial Density
Young's Modulus
E = 200 MPa
Poissons Ratio
= 0.49
30 MPa
0 = 1e
Yield Stress
Hardening Exponent
n =1
Exercise
Open HyperCrash and set the User profile: to R AD IO SS V11 and the Unit system: to
kN m m m s . kg.
2.
3.
4.
Click R un.
5.
6.
7.
Click O K.
2.
In the Material list, right-click and select C re a te Ne w > E la s to - Pla s tic > Jo hns o nC o o k (2).
3.
4.
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5.
Click the Tre e tab and select PSH E LL3 and PSH E LL16 in the tree.
6.
Click
7.
8.
Click Sa v e .
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329
In the Material list, right-click and select C re a te Ne w > E la s to - Pla s tic > Jo hns o nC o o k (2).
2.
3.
Click the Tre e tab and select PSH E LL20 to PSH E LL23 in the tree.
4.
Click
5.
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6.
Click Sa v e .
In the Material list, right-click and select C re a te Ne w > E la s to - Pla s tic > Jo hns o nC o o k (2).
2.
3.
4.
Click the Tre e tab and select PSH E LL3, PSH E LL16 and PSH E LL20 to PSH E LL23 in the
tree.
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331
5.
Click
6.
Click
7.
8.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
3.
4.
5.
In the Se le ctio n tab, set the Distance to search for slave nodes to 200.
6.
Click the Se e button at the bottom of the panel to display the rigid wall.
7.
Click Sa v e .
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click Sa v e .
8.
2.
In the window right-click and select Create New > M ulti us a ge (Ty pe 7).
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Click Sa v e .
Right-click in the Contact list and select Create New > M ulti us a ge (Ty pe 7).
2.
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333
3.
4.
5.
6.
In the Contact Interface tab Slave section, click Add s e le cte d pa rts o f tre e
7.
8.
In the Contact Interface tab Master section, click Add s e le cte d pa rts o f tre e
9.
Click Sa v e .
10.
2.
3.
4.
5.
In the Initial Velocity tab and click Add s e le cte d pa rts o f tre e
6.
7.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
In the Node for time history field, enter RAIL and click O k.
3.
4.
5.
Go back to the Data History > Node panel and click Pick no de s to a dd
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6.
Select six nodes on the rails, for example as shown in the following image:
7.
8.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
Create The Engine file: From the menu bar, select M o de l > C o ntro l C a rd.
2.
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335
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3.
Click File > E xpo rt > R AD IO SS, enter FULL_CAR and click O K.
4.
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337
Open the FULL_CAR_0000.rad in a text editor and modify the /MEMORY as shown
below:
Step 14: Select the Starter file FULL_CAR_0000.rad as Input file and
Run the model with the option: both
Exercise Expected Results
Altair Engineering
Model Description
UNITS: Length (mm), Time (s), Mass (ton), Force (N) and Stress (MPa)
Simulation time: in _0001.rad [0 7.0E-2s]
Only one half of the model is modeled because it is symmetric.
The supports are totally fixed. An imposed velocity of 1000 mm/s is applied on the
Impactor in the (Z) direction
Model size = 370mm x 46.5mm x 159mm
Honeycomb Material /MAT/LAW28: HONEYCOMB
= 3.0e-10 ton/mm
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339
E = 210000 MPa
= 0.29
Strain Curve:
0
STRAIN
STRESS
300
400
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click R un.
6.
7.
In the Select RADIOSS File(s) window, navigate to the correct directory and select
B E ND ING _0000.ra d.
8.
Click O K.
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2.
In the Window, right-click and select C re a te Ne w > E la s tic > Line a r e la s tic (1) as
shown below:
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click Sa v e .
Step 3: Create and assign a material for Inner, Outer, and Flat parts
1.
In the Window, right-click and select C re a te Ne w > E la s to - pla s tic > Pie ce wis e line a r
(36).
2.
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341
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click Im po rt curv e
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7.
In the Function file window, select the function with an ID of 2 to import the curve, as
shown in the following image.
8.
Click Sa v e .
9.
Click the Tre e tab and select the parts Inne r, O ute r, and Fla t on the tree.
10.
Click
11.
12.
13.
14.
Click Sa v e .
In the Window, right-click and select C re a te Ne w > O the r > H o ne y co m b o rtho tro pic
(28).
2.
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343
3.
4.
5.
Click Im po rt C urv e
6.
7.
Click Sa v e .
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8.
Repeat this process for the Yield functions, as shown in the following image.
9.
Click the Tre e tab and select the part H C Fo a m (7) on the tree.
10.
Click
11.
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345
12.
13.
14.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
In the Window, right-click and select C re a te Ne w > Surfa ce > She ll (1), as shown
below.
3.
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4.
Enter Shell thickness and Shell element formulation values as shown in the following
image.
5.
Click the Tre e tab and select the parts Inner, Outer and Flat on the tree.
6.
Click
7.
8.
9.
10.
Click Sa v e .
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347
2.
Enter the Shell thickness value as .91186, as shown in the following image.
4.
Click the Tre e tab and select the parts Impactor and Support in the tree.
5.
Click
6.
7.
8.
9.
Click Sa v e .
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In the Window, right-click and select C re a te Ne w > Vo lum e > G e ne ra l s o lid (14).
2.
3.
Click the Tre e tab and select the part H C fo a m on the tree.
4.
Click
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
In the Rigid body creation field, enter the name Impactor and click O k.
3.
Click the Tre e tab and select the B E ND ING assembly on the tree.
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349
4.
Click
5.
6.
7.
Click Y e s > Sa v e .
2.
Click O k.
3.
4.
5.
Click Sa v e .
The rigid body for Support should look like the following image.
6.
Click C lo s e .
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2.
3.
4.
5.
Constrain all DOF except translation in Z as shown in the following image. To constrain
the nodes, check Tx, Ty, Rx, Ry and Rz.
6.
Click Sa v e .
7.
In the Boundary condition creation field, enter Support Fix and click O k.
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351
8.
9.
Constrain all DOF by selecting Tx, Ty, Tz, Rx, Ry and Rz as shown in the following
image.
10.
Click Sa v e .
11.
12.
Click the Tre e tab and select the parts Inner, Outer, HCfoam and Flat on the tree.
13.
Click
14.
15.
16.
17.
Click
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18.
19.
20.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click Sa v e .
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353
6.
7.
Click
8.
9.
Click the Pro pe rtie s tab and enter the data, as shown in the following image:
10.
11.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
2.
3.
4.
Click on the Tre e tab and select the parts Flat and Support on the tree.
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5.
Click
6.
7.
Using
select Fla t component as Slave and Suppo rt as Master as shown in the
following image.
8.
9.
10.
Click Sa v e .
11.
Right-click in the Contact list and select C re a te Ne w > M ulti us a ge (Ty pe 7).
12.
Click on the Tre e tab and select the parts Outer and Impactor on the tree.
13.
Click
14.
15.
Using
select O ute r Pa rt as Slave and Im pa cto r as Master as shown in the
following image.
16.
17.
18.
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19.
Click Sa v e .
20.
Right-click in the Contact list and select C re a te Ne w > M ulti us a ge (Ty pe 7).
21.
Click on the Tre e tab and select the parts Outer, Inner and Flat on the tree.
22.
Click
23.
24.
25.
Using
26.
27.
28.
29.
Click Sa v e .
select components Outer, Inner and Flat, as shown in the following image.
2.
Select All.
3.
Click C le a n > C lo s e .
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Step 14: Set the Control Cards and Export the Starter (_0000.rad) and
Engine (_0001.rad) files
1.
Click M o de l > C o ntro l C a rd and select the control cards in the images below.
Note: Make sure to s a v e each control card before editing the next.
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357
2.
3.
In the Output window that opens, enter the name 3PBENDING and click O K.
4.
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Step 17: Review the listing files for this run and verify on the results
1.
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359
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Exercise
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click R un.
Step 2: Import the seat model and merge all components, floor,
seatbelt and foam block
1.
2.
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361
3.
Click O K.
2.
Click M e rge .
3.
4.
Click O K.
5.
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6.
Click the Set all to button to offset the numbering of all the entities.
7.
8.
9.
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363
In the Tree, select the subset of the seat named Seat model (300005).
2.
In the pop-up menu, right-click the mouse button and select Change Name.
3.
4.
Click O k.
5.
Click on any item on the tree, right-click the mouse button and in the pop-up menu,
select New Assembly.
6.
7.
Select the parts Seat plate, Backseat plate, Feet, Seat frame, and Backseat frame
using the Shift or Ctrl keys.
8.
Press the middle mouse button and drag the selected parts into the assembly Se a t.
9.
Select the tree root (Seat) and click on the right mouse button.
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10.
11.
In the displayed window, check if all parts have properties and materials.
12.
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Step 5: Connection
To add the feet of the seat and the seatbelt anchorage point to the floor rigid body.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Toggle the radio button Adde d and select all the nodes of the seat feet and the
anchorage points of the seatbelt using the node selections tools.
6.
Select the Properties subpanel and activate the Time history for the M a s te r no de
and R igid bo dy .
7.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
).
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Connect Seat Cushion to the seat frame with a tied interface (type2)
1.
2.
Right-click in the window and select C re a te Ne w > Kine m a tic co nditio n (Ty pe 2).
3.
Select the nodes of the seat cushion in the Slave nodes section facing the seat frame,
as shown below using the node selection tools.
Tips: Press the letter P for non-perspective view, if needed.
Press SHIFT and draw a closed polygon window around the nodes to select. When
finished, release the SHIFT key.
4.
5.
Select all the elements of the seat assembly facing the seat cushions in the Master
Surface section.
Slave
Master
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367
7. Click Sa v e .
8. From the LoadCase menu, select C o nta ct Inte rfa ce > C he ck.
The created interface should be displayed with green text, as shown below. Otherwise,
the interface has to be improved.
9.
Click C lo s e .
10.
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2.
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369
3.
4.
5.
Click Va lida te .
7.
8.
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9.
10.
Click Im po rt in the dummy positioning window and select the file H350R12B_Position.
M00.
Note:
11.
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371
Click Sa fe ty > B e lt G e ne ra to r.
2.
3.
4.
5.
).
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6.
Click Add/ R e m o v e bo dy pa rt (
) and select the parts: torso, pelvis, upper legs,
and the seat cushion fabric, as shown in red in the image.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Click C ho o s e m a te ria l in da ta ba s e (
) and select the material file BELT.mat from
<installation directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radios/mat.
12.
Then click O k.
13.
14.
Then click O k.
15.
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373
16.
At the top of the panel, from the Options drop-down menu, click Auto m a tic fitting.
17.
18.
Using the different tools available in this menu, remove the intersections and
penetrations between the seatbelt and the seat cushion.
19.
20.
21.
).
Select the parts: pelvis, upper legs and seat cushion fabric.
22.
23.
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2.
3.
4.
Click Adde d.
5.
6.
7.
Select the Properties subpanel and activate the Time history for the Master node
and the Rigid body.
8.
Click Sa v e .
9.
Re-do the same operations for the three other rigid bodies of the seatbelt:
).
).
).
Upper belt_RBody_last_node
Lower belt_RBody_first_node
Lower belt_RBody_last_node
10.
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375
Seatbelt vs Dummy
Step 9: Contact interfaces
During the seatbelt creation, two contact interfaces between the seatbelt and the dummy
have been created. You will need to check and remove any remaining intersections and
penetrations.
1.
2.
3.
Click Se e s e le cte d (
) to display it. In the selection add the upper elements of the
Fabric backframe and Backseat to the master as shown in the picture to avoid the
seatbelt to penetrate them during contact.
4.
5.
Click Sa v e .
6.
7.
Click Se e s e le cte d (
8.
9.
10.
Click Sa v e .
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
) to display it.
).
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Seat structure
Creation of Self-Impact between different parts of the Seat.
1.
2.
Right-click in the Contact list and select C re a te Ne w > M ulti- us a ge (Ty pe 7).
3.
Click Se lf im pa ct.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click Sa v e .
12.
13.
).
Some penetrations exist between the seat cushion and the seat structure.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
).
).
).
Only the nodes of the seat cushion are moved. The seat parts are fixed.
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377
19.
Click C lo s e twice.
20.
Dummy vs Seat
Creation of Interface between Dummy and Seat.
1.
2.
3.
In the Tree window, select the Foams subset - the two cushion parts only.
4.
5.
6.
Select the subset named HYBRID III 50% DUMMY FINE MESH V_1.2.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Click Sa v e .
13.
).
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Dummy vs Floor
Creation of an interface between dummy feet and the floor.
1.
Right-click in the Contact list and select C re a te Ne w > Tie d with v o id (Ty pe 10).
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
7.
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379
Seat Deformer
Modifying the seat cushion mesh to conform to the dummy using the Seat Deformer tool.
Step 1: Select model direction
1.
Click Sa fe ty > Se a t D e fo rm e r.
2.
Set the Gap= value to 3.00 mm (the same as defined in the interface).
Make sure the Dummy is oriented in the same orientation as the schematic.
3.
4.
5.
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Using the model display tools, display only the parts with solid elements.
2.
3.
2.
Select the subset named HYBRID III 50% DUMMY FINE MESH V_1.2.
3.
4.
5.
).
2.
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381
3.
Switch back to Seat Deformer and change the Select by drop-down list to Pa rt .
4.
5.
).
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Toggle to Select.
2.
Tips:
Press SHIFT and draw a closed polygon window around the nodes. When done, release
the SHIFT key.
3.
Click C lo s e .
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383
After the seat deformation, check if any initial penetrations remain between the seat
and the dummy.
1.
Click Lo a dC a s e > C o nta ct Inte rfa ce to open the Contact Interface tab.
2.
Select interface D um m y
3.
Se a t.
).
Click Se le ct All (
5.
6.
Click Fixe d pa rt (
7.
8.
Click Fixe d pa rt (
9.
).
).
).
Only the nodes of the seat cushion are moved. The parts of the dummy are fixed.
10.
Loadcase Setting
2.
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3.
4.
5.
6.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
7.
).
).
2.
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385
3.
).
The floor rigid body is displayed on the screen. The imposed velocity is defined on its
master node.
4.
5.
Click Functio n and check if the initial value of the function is the same as the initial
velocity.
6.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
7.
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2.
3.
).
The floor rigid body is displayed on the screen. The boundary condition is defined on its
master node.
4.
Fix the degree of freedom for Ty, Tz, Rx, Ry, and Rz.
5.
Click Sa v e > C lo s e .
6.
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387
2.
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3.
Click Se e s e le cte d th (
).
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389
4.
).
6.
2.
3.
Click D e le te s e le cte d th (
4.
).
6.
Click Se e s e le cte d th (
).
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7.
8.
Switch back to the Data History panel and click Add pa rts by tre e s e le ctio n (
9.
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).
391
Click Lo a dC a s e > C o nta ct Inte rfa ce to open the Contact Interface tab.
2.
3.
Right-click the mouse button, and in the pop-up menu, select Ta ta H is to ry > Y e s .
Go to Quality Module.
2.
3.
Make sure there are no intersections and initial penetrations; if so, fix them.
4.
Click C lo s e .
5.
Go to M e s h E diting and clean so all the unused materials and properties are removed.
Click M o de l > C o ntro l C a rds to create the Control Cards in the images below:
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393
2.
3.
Enter a name for the model in the file output window and click O K.
4.
5.
Click Sa v e M o de l.
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6.
With a text editor, open the file MODEL_00D01 and add the following lines:
#
/DT/SHELL/DEL
0.000000e+000 1.000000e-009
#
/MON/ON
The first two lines will be used to delete elements from the beginning. The last command is
used to print the calculation time in the listing file.
The model is now ready to be computed.
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395
In order to run this analysis using multi-domain technique, we have to split this model into
two domains, one containing the finely meshed region and the other containing the rest. A
node to node link (/LINK/TYPE4) is then specified at the boundary between the two domains.
These domains will be created using a pre-processor (using HyperCrash in this tutorial) and
the options specific to multi-domain analysis will be added to the input decks through a texteditor. A Multidomain master input file will also be created using a text editor.
For a list of multi-domain options, please refer to Multidomain Input.
For information on how to create links or connections between domains, please refer to
Multidomain in the User's Guide.
For more information on Multidomain Master Input, please refer to Multidomain Master Input
File.
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Exercise
2.
3.
Click R un.
4.
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397
Click M o de l > C o ntro l C a rds to set the Control Cards, as shown in the following images:
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2.
In the Tree, select the subsets of the fine-meshed region (subsets BB_fine1 (21),
BB_fine2 (24), and fine_mesh (69)), then right-click, then click E xpo rt Se le ctio n.
3.
In the Export Selection window, toggle Export geometry... and select ALL PO SSIB LE
R E LATE D E NTITIE S.
4.
Click O K.
5.
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399
6.
Click M o de l > C o ntro l C a rds and enter the following Control Cards:
7.
In the Tree, select the subsets/spotwelds of the coarse-meshed region, then right-click
E xpo rt Se le ctio n.
8.
In the Export Selection window, toggle Export geometry ... and select ALL PO SSIB LE
R E LATE D E NTITIE S.
9.
Click O K.
10.
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In the original single model, the fine meshed region is connected to the coarse meshed
region at both ends. When this model is split into two domains, we have to create a set
of nodes in both the domains and link these node sets through the starter option (/
EXTERN/LINK). This option has to be added to the two Starter input files using a text
editor.
2.
Open the Starter file coarse_mesh_0000.rad and add the option /EXTERN/LINK, as
shown below:
Note:
Two external links through node sets 1001 and
1002 have been added to this domain. These node
sets were already defined in monodomain_0000.rad
and exported to the two domains in Step 2.
3.
Open the Starter file fine_mesh_0000.rad and add the same options.
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401
4.
Create a RAD2RAD input file input.dat defining the two domains and specifying the
connections between them.
#===========================================================
====
# 1. DEFINITION OF DOMAINS
#===========================================================
====
# Domain1
/DOMAIN/coarse_mesh
1 2
# Domain2
/DOMAIN/fine_mesh
1 2
#===========================================================
====
# 2. DEFINITION OF LINKS BETWEEN DOMAINS
#===========================================================
====
# First link
/LINK/TYPE4
coarse_mesh
1
fine_mesh 1
#Second link
/LINK/TYPE4
coarse_mesh
2
fine_mesh
2
#===========================================================
====
# 3. MULTI-SCALE TIME STEP OPTION
#===========================================================
====
/MLTPS/ON
1.00 1.00
/END
5.
6.
The input files are now ready to be run using the multi-domain technique. For information
on how to launch a multi-domain computation, please refer to Multidomain.
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403
HyperMesh
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Model Description
UNITS: Length (mm), Time (ms), Mass (kg), Force (kN) and Stress (GPa)
Simulation time D01 [0 10.]
The model uses Quarter size mesh with symmetric boundary conditions.
Boundary Conditions:
o
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405
= 2.7e-6 Kg/
mm3
E = 60.4 GPa
= 0.33
0 = 0.09026
GPa
K = 0.22313 GPa
n = 0.374618
max = 0.175
GPa
max = 0.75
Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or from the toolbar, click on the
icon.
3.
2.
Click O pe n.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Input the values as shown in the following image in the card image panel.
8.
2.
3.
4.
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407
5.
Click C a rd e dit pro pe rty upo n cre a tio n to activate the option.
6.
7.
In the Model Browser, select the Te ns ile _co upo n component and then right-click
.
2.
Select As s ign.
3.
4.
5.
Click Apply .
From the Utility browser, start the BCs Manager or from the pull-down menu, select
To o ls > B C s M a na ge r.
2.
For Name, enter constraint1, set Select type to B o unda ry C o nditio n and set
GRNOD to No de s .
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3.
Click on the no de s , nodes selection appears. Select the three nodes as shown in the
figure below and click pro ce e d.
4.
5.
Click cre a te tab to create the constraint. The created constraint appears in the table
also handle appear in graphics.
6.
For Name, enter constraint2, set Select type to B o unda ry C o nditio n and set the
GRNOD to No de s .
7.
8.
9.
Click cre a te tab to create the constraint. The created constraint appears in the table
also handle appear in graphics.
10.
For Name, enter constraint3, set Select type to B o unda ry C o nditio n and set
GRNOD to No de s .
11.
12.
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409
13.
Click cre a te tab to create the constraint. The created constraint appears in the table
also handle appear in graphics.
2.
For Name, enter velocity, set Select type as im po s e d v e lo city and set GRNOD to
No de s .
3.
4.
5.
6.
Create a new curve with the Name Load with values as shown in table below.
7.
Close the XY curve editor, the created curve is assigned to this constraint.
8.
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3.
Click Apply .
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411
4.
In the ANIM tab, enter values as shown in the following image, open the panel if
something is not visible:
5.
From the File menu, click E xpo rt or click the E xpo rt icon
(for HyperWorks Desktop).
2.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to E xpo rt o ptio ns to expand the panel.
(for standalone) or
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5.
Toggle Merge starter and engine file to export the Engine and Starter file as one file.
6.
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413
Step 12: Review the listing files for this run and verify the results
1.
2.
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Model Description
UNITS: Length (mm), Time (ms), Mass (kg), Force (kN) and Stress (GPa)
Simulation time:
o
Fix the Cantilever Beam to the support with a 10 kN pre-tension. The bolt attains
10 kN in 10 ms and remains constant thereafter.
Material used:
Elasto-plastic Material /MAT/LAW2.
= 7.83e-6 Kg/mm3
E = 205 GPa
= 0.29
[a] Yield Stress
0 = 0.792 GPa
K = 0.510 GPa
n = 0.26
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415
c = 0.014 GPa
=1
Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or from the toolbar, click on the
icon.
3.
2. Click O pe n.
The model loads into the graphics area.
icon.
2.
3.
Click C re a te .
4.
5.
6.
Go to Tool page in the panel, then select mask panel, and select e le m s .
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7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
In the rigids panel, for primary node select the node at the end of spring, as shown in
Fig 1 and for nodes 2-n, select the nodes as shown in Fig 2.
Fig 1
Fig 2
13.
With all the DOFs checked, click cre a te to create the rigid body.
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417
14.
Use Steps 3.10 through 3.13 to complete the rigid for the second bolt, as shown below.
15.
Press F5 and click re v e rs e to show remaining elements of the bolt and click re turn to
exit the panel.
16.
17.
Use Steps 3.10 through 3.13 to create a rigid body with the nodes shown in the
following image with the other ends of the springs as the primary node and the nodes on
the bolts as slave nodes.
Step 4: Create and assign material, property to Plate and Support bolts
1.
In the Model Browser, click PLATE , then click E dit from the context sensitive menu.
2.
3.
To create and assign material to the component, click the M a te ria l tab.
4.
5.
For Name, enter STEEL, set Type to E LASTIC PLASTIC and Card image at
M 2_PLAS_JO H NS_Z E R IL.
6.
Click C re a te m a te ria l.
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7.
= 205
GPa
Nu
= 0.29
= 0.792
GPa
= 0.510
GPa
= 0.26
EPS_ 1x1030
max
SIG_ = 0.95
max
GPa
= 0.014
EPS_0 = 1.0
8.
s-1
-
9.
To create and assign properties to the component, click on the Pro pe rty tab.
10.
For Name, enter PLATE, set Type to VO LUM E and Card image to P14_SO LID .
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Click Upda te to update the selected parts with new property and material card.
17.
18.
For Material select Steel and for Property select Plate. Click O K to exit the dialog
box.
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419
2.
Click Ne w....
3.
4.
Ensure that the new curve is selected in the curve list and enter the values as shown
below:
x = {0, 10, 250}
y = {0, 10, 10}
5.
Click Upda te to see the curve in the GUI and click C lo s e to finish entering the curve.
6.
In the Model Browser, select the component Spring > E dit from the context
sensitive menu.
7.
8.
Check As s ign Pro pe rty and enter CELAS1 for the Name.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Note:
For IFUN2 select the curve that you created in Steps 5.1 through 5.5.
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2.
For Name, enter FIXED, set Select type to B o unda ry C o nditio n and set GRNOD to
No de s .
3.
Click on the nodes, nodes selection appears; by windo w option, select the bottom
layer of the bolt support, as shown below and the selection should appear as below in
XY Plane view:
4.
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421
2.
For Name, enter LOAD, set Select type to C o nce ntra te d Lo a d and set GRNOD to
No de s .
3.
Select the nodes in the edge of the beam as shown in the image below by window
option.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Create a curve with name LOAD and enter the values as below using the same
procedure explained in Step 5.
x = {0, 10, 25, 250}
y = {0, 0, 0.02, 0.02}
8.
R e turn from the XY curve editor GUI, the created curve is assigned to the BC.
9.
Click cre a te to finish the creation of the load at the selected nodes.
2.
3.
In Model Browser, using the components display option, display only the parts PLATE
and SUPPORT_BOLT.
4.
5.
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6.
With elems entity selector active and using a left view, select the elements shown in
the graphic area, as shown in the following image:
7. Toggle nodes on face option, and select the nodes belonging to the elements you
selected in the previous sub-step.
8.
Click cre a te .
9.
2.
3.
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423
4.
Toggle formula.
5.
Click cre a te .
6.
7.
8.
9.
Go to Analysis page, click inte rfa ce s panel and toggle the create subpanel.
2.
3.
Set type = to TY PE 7.
4.
5.
Click cre a te .
6.
7.
For master, use the pull-down and select cs urfs as the entity.
8.
Click the yellow co nta cts s urfs button and select M a s te r_s e t.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Click e dit.
15.
16.
17.
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2.
For name =, enter Deflection and select the node on the free end of the cantilever,
as shown in the following image:
3.
Click cre a te .
4.
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425
2.
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427
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3.
2.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to E xpo rt o ptio ns to expand the panel.
5.
Click Merge starter and engine file to export both the Starter and Engine file in one
file.
6.
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429
Step 14: Run the Starter and Engine using RADIOSS Manager
1.
Go to Sta rt > Pro gra m s > Alta ir H y pe rW o rks 12.0 > R AD IO SS.
2.
For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file cantilever_0000.rad.
3.
4.
Using HyperGraph, open the T01 file and plot the deflection at the free end of the
cantilever.
Altair Engineering
Objective
In this tutorial you will learn how to set up a RADIOSS input file in HyperMesh for analyzing
the impact response between two pipes. The modeling steps that are covered are:
Creating materials, sections, and parts for the model.
Defining the contact between the two pipes using /INTER/TYPE7.
Applying a translational initial velocity to a pipe using the /INIVEL card.
Applying local constraints to the other pipe using the /BCS card.
Model Description
The units used in this tutorial are milliseconds, millimeters and kilograms (ms, mm, kg), and the
tutorial is based on RADIOSS Block 110.
Pipe model
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Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or click on the
toolbar.
3.
icon on the
2.
Click O pe n > Im po rt
On import of a RADIOSS deck, any HyperMesh warning and error messages are
written to a file named radiossblk.msg. This file is created in the folder from
which HyperMesh is started. The content of the file is also displayed in a pop-up
window.
On import, any RADIOSS cards not supported by HyperMesh are written to the
control card unsupp_cards. This card is accessed from the control cards panel
on the BCs page and is a pop-up text editor. The unsupported cards are
exported with the rest of the model.
Care should be taken if an unsupported card points to an entity in HyperMesh. An
example of this is an unsupported material referenced by a /PART card.
HyperMesh stores unsupported cards as text and does not consider pointers.
On import, HyperMesh renumbers entities having the same ID as other entities. In
HyperMesh, for example, all elements must have a unique ID. The message file
radiossblk.msg provides a list of renumbered elements and their original and new
IDs.
Altair Engineering
The figure below shows how these keywords are mapped to HyperMesh entities:
/SHELL
elem_ID
part_ID
/PART
part_ID
/PROP
prop_ID
/MAT
mat_ID
prop_ID
mat_ID
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You can assign the material to the component collector as you create the component using
the create subpanel of the collectors panel or from component create options in the pulldowns and from the Model Browser. In situations where the material was not assigned to
the component at the time of creation (and in this case, a dummy material is created with the
same name as the component collector), update the component collector's definition by
assigning the material in the update subpanel of the collectors panel or from the Assign
option in Model Browser.
In this step, create a material with the M1_ELAST card image using the Model Browser.
This material will be assigned to both pipes.
1.
2.
3.
Select E la s tic for Type and select M 1_E LAST for Card image.
4.
5.
Click C re a te .
6.
Note:
If you have difficulties completing any task with the creation, update or editing of
materials in this tutorial, refer to the on-line help for the materials by clicking H e lp
from the permanent menu.
Hint:
Any material that was mistakenly created with wrong values can be edited using the
card image option.
In this step, we created the material we will use for the analysis. We can now define the /
PROP card that will be used to define the properties of the elements in the model.
2.
3.
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4.
5.
Click C re a te .
6.
7.
In the card previewer for the /PROP/SHELL card, enter 2.5 for the shell thickness
[Thick].
Step 6: Assign the /PART, /MAT and /PROP cards to the elements
1.
Assign the /PART card to the component for the coarse pipe and specify the /PROP/
SHELL card ID in it.
2.
Select the components Pipe1 and Pipe2 in the Model Browser and select E dit from
the context menu.
3.
4.
Click the Pro pe rty tab, check the box for Assign property.
5.
6.
Click the M a te ria l tab, check the box for Assign material.
7.
8.
Click upda te .
From the BCs page, select the interfaces panel or click B C s > C re a te > Inte rfa ce s .
2.
3.
4.
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5.
6.
Click cre a te .
7.
8.
9.
Click the yellow comps selector and select the coarser pipe component 2.
10.
Click upda te in the master: field, to the right of the yellow comps selector.
11.
12.
Click the yellow co m ps selector in the slave: line and select the finer mesh pipe
component 1.
13.
14.
Click re v ie w to graphically view the entities in the interface, the master entities of the
interface are drawn in blue and the slave entities in red.
15.
Edit the definition of the group, using the card image subpanel.
16.
17.
18.
In this step, we defined the contact between the two pipes as /INTER/TYPE7.
In the BCs manager, enter name as tran_vel and select the type as initia l v e lo city
under the create header.
2.
Click on the Pa rts button, select component 2 from the GUI, and click Pro ce e d.
This creates the entity set of type GRNOD which is referred to in the /INIVEL card.
3.
In the BCs manager, enter the initial velocity components as 0, 0 and -30 for Vx,
Vy and Vz fields.
There is an option for creating/referring the initial velocity card to a local coordinate
system. However, if nothing is specified, the global coordinate system is selected by
default.
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4.
This completes the creation of an initial velocity for the pipe in the negative global Z
direction.
In the BCs Manager, for the Name enter SPC and set Select type as B o unda ry
C o nditio n.
2.
Now specify the node set of type as G R NO D for the BCS card, switch the entity from
pa rts to No de s and select the end nodes of the bottom pipe, which are to be
constrained.
3.
Under the Boundary condition components subheading (as illustrated below) activate
all the translational and rotational check boxes. Click the C re a te button.
A load collector with a BCS card is created and applied the nodes as selected in the
above steps. A corresponding node set is created.
In the Utility menu of the Solver Browser, click the E ngine button.
A window appears.
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2.
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3.
Click Apply > C lo s e to store the selected options for control and output.
2.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to E xpo rt o ptio ns to expand the panel.
5.
Click Merge starter and engine file to export both the Starter and Engine file in one
file.
6.
This concludes this tutorial. You may discard this HyperMesh model or save it for your own
reference.
In this tutorial we introduced some of the concepts that govern the HyperMesh interface to
RADIOSS. We also use numerous panels that allowed us to do basic modeling in terms of
RADIOSS such as defining contacts or boundary conditions.
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38.1 x 25.4 mm
Length:
203 mm
Material:
Steel
Thickness:
0.914 mm
Imposed Velocity:
To reduce the computation time, we are going to use a mesh depicting just half section of
the tube. Since the tube is symmetric, we apply symmetric boundary conditions.
Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or click on the
toolbar.
3.
icon on the
2. Click O pe n.
The model loads into the graphics area.
2.
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3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
From the Model Browser, right-click and select C re a te > Pro pe rty
A new dialog is displayed.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Select the component Tube_box in the Model Browser and right-click and select
As s ign.
2.
3.
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4.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Select the nodes of one edge to tie all the degrees of freedom, as shown in image
below:
7.
Click cre a te .
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2.
For Name, enter Symmetry, set Select type as B o unda ry C o nditio n and set GRNOD
to No de s .
3.
Click on the nodes, nodes selection appears; by windo w option, select the top layer of
the channel as shown below and the selection should appear as below:
4.
5.
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2.
For Name, enter Velocity, set Select type as Im po s e d Ve lo city and set GRNOD to
No de s .
3.
Select the master node of the RBODY on which the boundary condition needs to be
applied.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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8.
9.
10.
2.
Enter Name as RBODY_constraint , set Select type as bo unda ry co nditio n and set
the GRNOD to No de s .
3.
Select the master node of the RBODY on which the boundary condition need to be
applied.
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4.
Fix the degrees of freedom not to allow movement in X and Y direction and no rotation
about Y and Z axis, as shown below.
5.
2.
3.
Click on node tab and select extreme node opposite to rigid body edge.
4.
Click on e dit tab and change the Z value to 10.0 to be away from the channel along the
Z axis.
5.
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6.
Set the normal vector using the N1, N2, and N3 options, as shown below.
Ensure that the N3 is not active.
7.
8.
9.
10.
In the card image panel, set variable FRIC value of 0.20 for friction.
Step 11: Creating a Self Contact to avoid self penetration during impact
1. From the Ana ly s is page, go to the inte rfa ce s panel.
2. Enter the na m e as Self_Interface and the ty pe as TYPE7.
3. Click cre a te and go to the add subpanel.
4. Set the option to co m ps for master entity and select Tube _bo x and click upda te .
5. Set the option to co m ps for slave entity and select Tube _bo x and click upda te .
6. Click re v ie w to show the master and slave in blue and red.
7. Go to the card image and click e dit.
8. Set STFAC = 1, FRIC = 0.20 and Gap_min = 0.90.
9. Click re turn to return from the panel.
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2.
3.
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2.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to Export options to expand the panel.
5.
Click Auto export engine file to export the engine file with the model file.
6.
Go to Sta rt > Pro gra m s > Alta ir H y pe rW o rks 12.0 > R AD IO SS.
2.
For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file boxtube_0000.rad.
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Exercise
The model used consists of a simplified bumper model (see image below):
Bumper model
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or click the
3.
icon in toolbar.
2.
Click O pe n.
2.
3.
4.
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5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
For primary node, select the node created in the steps above.
11.
12.
With all the DOFs checked, click cre a te to create the rigid body.
Note:
A spider will be drawn connecting the created node to the edge nodes of the
structure modeled.
13.
14.
Click e dit.
15.
Fill the mass and inertia information in the card image, as shown in the table below:
Mass
800
JXX
JXY
1.5E+07
-5.0E+03
16.
Set IcoG as 4.
17.
Set Ispher as 0.
18.
JXZ
-8.0E+06
JYY
JYZ
5.0E+07
-900
JZZ
6.0E+07
Step 4: Create a GRNOD/BOX that contains all nodes but the barrier
nodes
1.
2.
3.
Optionally, select a co lo r.
4.
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5.
upper bound
X=
-530
710
Y=
-800
800
Z=
300
6.
7.
Click To o ls > B C s M a na ge r.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Right-click on the Solver Browser and select C re a te > SUR F_E X T > PAR T.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Right-click on the Solver Browser and select C re a te > SUR F > PAR T.
6.
7.
Click on the co m ps and select bumper, exterior crashbox left, exterior crashbox
right interior crashbox left, and interior crashbox right.
8.
9.
Right-click on the Solver Browser and select C re a te > SUR F > SUR F.
10.
11.
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12.
2.
3.
4.
Step 8: Define the slave and master surface for the contact
1.
2.
3.
Set the slave type to co m ps and select bum pe r, inte rio r cra s hbo x and e xte rio r
cra s hbo x.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Set Igap = to 2.
10.
11.
Step 9: Create a system that specifies the location and the cross
section plane normal
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click O n.
Note:
on the toolbar.
Node numbers will appear next to the node for selection in further steps.
6.
7.
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8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Click re turn.
on the toolbar.
Step 10: Create a set of elements that will contribute to the crosssectional force results
1.
2.
3.
With the elements selector active, select two rows of element on either side of the
system, as shown in figure below.
4.
5.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
Select the system defined in the previous step by clicking on the screen.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click cre a te .
6.
7.
8.
Click re turn.
2.
3.
Optionally, select a co lo r.
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4.
upper bound
X=
-600
-460
Y=
-800
Z=
400
5.
6.
Right-click on the Solver Browser and select C re a te > R W ALL > Pla ne .
2.
3.
Click O K.
Stay in the Rigid Walls panel for the next step.
Step 15: Define the location and size of the rigid wall
In this subpanel, the rigid walls origin (the tail of the normal vector) is defined by a base
node. Create a node from the create nodes panel by following steps 1-4 below and then
select it for the base node.
1.
2.
3.
4.
For x=, y= and z=, enter the values 600, -750 and 90, respectively.
5.
Click cre a te .
Notice the node is created and is displayed.
6.
7.
With the base node selector active, select the no de that was created in step 5.
8.
9.
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10.
Step 16: Edit the card image for the rigid wall to specify the nodes in
the GRNOD/BOX half model as slave to the rigid wall
1.
2.
3.
Select the Card page and click e dit to edit the rigid wall definition.
4.
5.
6.
7.
2.
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3.
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4.
5.
2.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to Export options to expand the panel.
5.
Click Auto e xpo rt e ngine file to export the engine file with the model file.
6.
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Go to Sta rt > Pro gra m s > Alta ir H y pe rW o rks 12.0 > R AD IO SS.
2.
For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file bumper_impact_0000.
rad.
Altair Engineering
Model Description
UNITS: Length (mm), Time (s), Mass (ton), Force (N) and Stress (MPa)
Simulation time: Engine [0 0.06]
An initial velocity of 15600 mm/s is applied on the car model to impact a rigid pole of
radius 250 mm.
Elasto-plastic Material /MAT/LAW2 (Windshield)
Initial Density [Rho_I]
Young's Modulus [E]
Poissons Ratio [nu]
Yield Stress (a)
= 2.5x10-9 ton/mm3
E = 76000 MPa
= 0.3
0 = 192 MPa
K = 200 MPa
n = 0.32
= 7.9x10-9 ton/mm3
E = 210000 MPa
= 0.3
0 = 200 MPa
K = 450 MPa
n = 0.5
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E = 200 MPa
= 0.49
30 MPa
0 = 1e
n =1
Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or click the
3.
icon on toolbar .
2.
Click O pe n.
Step 3: Create and assign the material for the windshield components
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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8.
Click C re a te m a te ria l.
Card image panel appears, as shown in the image below.
9.
10.
11.
Click Upda te to update the selected components with the created material.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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2.
3.
4.
Step 6: Create and assign the material for the rubber components
1.
Create a new material named rubber with type M 2_PLAS_JO H NS_Z E R IL.
2.
3.
4.
Click upda te to update the selected components with the created material.
Enable the Solver Browser by selecting Vie w > B ro ws e rs > H y pe rM e s h > So lv e r, and
right-click C re a te ca rds > R W ALL > PLANE .
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click upda te .
9.
Go to the add subpanel, enter a distance of 200 for slave nodes search.
10.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Click upda te .
11.
12.
From the BCs menu, select C re a te > Inte rfa ce s or click To o ls > C re a te ca rds >
INTE R > TY PE 7.
2.
3.
4.
Set type to TY PE 7.
5.
6.
7.
Hide all the 1D and 3D parts in the model using mask by config browser or Model
Browser property view or Solver Browser PR O P > SH E LL, Is o la te .
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
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13.
Step 10: Defining Contact using TYPE 7 interface between Engine and
Radiator
1.
From the BCs menu, select C re a te > Inte rfa ce s or click To o ls > C re a te ca rds >
INTE R > TY PE 7.
2.
3.
4.
Select type as TY PE 7.
5.
6.
7.
For master surface, switch to s e ts in the drop-down menu and click e dit to go to the
entity sets panel.
8.
9.
For name, enter engine and set the card image to SUR F_E X T.
10.
11.
Click C re a te to create the set and a dd to add the comps to the entity set.
12.
13.
14.
For slave set the entity selector to co m ps and select co m p- ps o lid_26 (radiator).
15.
16.
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2.
For Name, enter 35MPH, set Select type as Initia l Ve lo city and set GRNOD to Pa rts .
3.
4.
5.
Click C re a te to create the boundary condition and boundary condition appears in the
table.
Isolate the rail parts using Model Browser or Solver Browser with virtual collector.
2.
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3.
For name =, enter Rail and select nodes on the Rail, as shown below.
4.
5.
6.
2.
3.
Click re turn.
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2.
In the GENERAL tab, enter the values, as shown in the following image.
3.
Click Apply .
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4.
5.
2.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to Export options to expand the panel.
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5.
Click Auto e xpo rt e ngine file to export the engine file with the model file.
6.
Go to Sta rt > Pro gra m s > Alta ir H y pe rW o rks 12.0 > R AD IO SS.
2.
For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file fullcar_0000.rad.
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Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or click on the
3.
icon in toolbar.
2. Click O pe n.
The model loads into the graphics area.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click C re a te .
6.
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7.
8.
Similarly create a material with the name Water using Steps 3.1 to 3.6.
9.
2.
Enter the name, stress-strain and click cre a te plo t > re turn.
3.
4.
5.
Click the lo a d... button to load the s tre s s - s tra in curv e .txt file.
6.
Check the y radio button, click the green + to the right of co m p= and set it to y.
7.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
Click C re a te .
6.
7.
Click re turn.
Select the component Air, click E dit from the context sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
For Card image, select P14_SO LID and click on C re a te pro pe rty .
6.
7.
8.
9.
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10.
Select the component Water, click E dit from the context sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
For Card image, select P14_SO LID and click on C re a te pro pe rty .
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Select the component Bottle, click E dit from the context sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
For Name, enter bottle and for Type, select SUR FAC E .
5.
6.
7.
Set N to 5.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Go to the Analysis page and enter the interfaces panel and input, as shown below.
2.
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3.
Click cre a te .
4.
5.
Set the master entity selection to the co m ps and select the component bottle and
click upda te .
6.
Set the slave entity selection to the s e ts and click e dit to go to the entitysets panel.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Click Se t yellow tab and select the created set and click upda te .
11.
Click To o ls > B C s M a na ge r.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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479
2.
For name, enter GROUND with Type and Card Image as R W ALL and create.
3.
Press the F8 Key, and create the node at the coordinates: X= 0, Y= 0, Z= -50 and
cre a te node.
4.
Go to geom subpanel and select this node as base node and make sure the normal
vector is in the z-direction, as shown below and click upda te .
5.
6.
2.
Input the values in the GENERAL, ANIM and DT windows, as shown below:
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3.
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4.
Go to Analysis page and enter the Control Cards panel. The following control cards
need to be enabled:
5.
6.
7.
For the ALE_CFD_SPH card, check ALE_Grid_Velocity option on and leave the
defaults:
2.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to Export options to expand the panel.
5.
Click Merge starter and engine file to export all the data in one file.
6.
(for standalone) or
(for HyperWorks
Go to Sta rt > Pro gra m s > Alta ir H y pe rW o rks 12.0 > R AD IO SS.
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2.
For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file bottle_0000.rad.
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RD-3570: Explosion
The objective of this tutorial is to simulate an explosion with high pressure air using multiphase material law (Law 51). In this model, the explosive is high pressure air which is
surrounded by water. The water is encircled with a row of boundary elements. On the upper
surface of the water there is a metallic plate. Boundary conditions are applied on the
boundary elements.
Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or click on the
3.
icon in toolbar.
2.
Click O pe n.
From the Model Browser, select component C4 and select E dit from context sensitive
menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For type, select O TH E R and for card image, select M LAW 51 and click C re a te
M a te ria l.
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7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
For card image, select P14_SO LID and click on C re a te Pro pe rty .
13.
14.
Click upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
From the Model Browser, select component Air and select E dit from context sensitive
menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For type, select O TH E R and for card image, select M LAW 51 and click C re a te
M a te ria l.
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7.
8.
9.
10.
Click upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
From the Model Browser, select component bo unda ry and select E dit from context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For type, select O TH E R and for card image, select M LAW 51 and click C re a te
M a te ria l.
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7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Click upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
From the Model Browser, select component bo unda ry and select E dit from context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For type, select E LASTIC _PLASTIC and for card image, select M 2_PLAS_JO H NS and
click C re a te M a te ria l.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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11.
12.
Click upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
2.
For Name, enter constraints, set Select type as B o unda ry C o nditio n and set
GRNOD to No de s .
3.
Click on a node on the bottom face and on the side, as shown below:
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4.
5.
Fix all the translational degrees of freedom for the selected node.
6.
Click C re a te to create the boundary condition and boundary condition appears in the
table.
7.
Select the bo unda ry co nditio n in the table, right-click and select ca rd e dit.
8.
Check on the box for ALE_BCS option to make the boundary condition of ALE type.
2.
Input the values in the GENERAL , ANIM and DT windows, as shown below:
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3.
4.
Go to Analysis page and enter the Control Cards panel. The following control cards
need to be enabled:
5.
6.
7.
For the cards Spmd, IOFlagCard, and AnalysisFlags leave the defaults.
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8.
2.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to Export options to expand the panel.
5.
Click Merge starter and engine file to export all data in one file.
6.
(for standalone) or
(for HyperWorks
Go to Sta rt > Pro gra m s > Alta ir H y pe rW o rks 12.0 > R AD IO SS.
2.
For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file explosion_0000.rad.
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495
Altair Engineering
497
Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or click on the
3.
icon in toolbar.
2.
Click O pe n.
From the Model Browser, select component Air, then select E dit from the context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For Type, select FLUID and for Card image, select M 37_B IPH AS and click C re a te
m a te ria l.
Altair Engineering
7.
From the Model Browser, select component W a te r, then select E dit from the context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For Type, select FLUID and for Card image, select M 37_B IPH AS and click C re a te
m a te ria l.
Altair Engineering
499
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
For Card image, select P14_SO LID and click on C re a te pro pe rty .
13.
14.
Click Upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
From the Model Browser, select component B o a t, then select E dit from the context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For Type, select E LASTIC and for Card image, select M 1_E LASTIC and click C re a te
m a te ria l.
7.
Altair Engineering
8.
9.
10.
11.
For Name, enter Boat and for Type, select SUR FAC E .
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Click Upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
From the Model Browser, select component Air- B C , then select E dit from the context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For Type, select FLUID and for Card image, select M 37_B IPH AS and click C re a te
m a te ria l.
7.
8.
9.
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501
10.
11.
12.
Click Upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
From the Model Browser, select component W a te r- B C , then select E dit from the
context sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For Type, select FLUID and for Card image, select M 37_B IPH AS and click C re a te
m a te ria l.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Click Upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
Click To o ls > C re a te C a rds > ALE - SPH - C FD > INTE R _TY PE 18.
Altair Engineering
2.
3.
GAP value is 1.5 times the average element size of the ALE component.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Set the slave selection to co m ps and select all the components, except boat.
8.
9.
Step 9: Create RBODY for the Boat and assign mass to the Master
Node
1.
Isolate the boat part using the Solver Browser right-click option or from Model
Browser.
2.
Click R B O D Y M a na ge r in the Utility panel on the left side of HyperMesh window or from
the pull-down menu, select To o ls > R bo dy M a na ge r.
Altair Engineering
503
3.
For Title:, enter boat-rigid, make sure that the Master node: is set to C a lcula te No de
and set the Slave node(s): to Pa rts and select the Boat.
4.
5.
Select the created R B O D Y in the table and click on the E dit ca rd icon
the card image panel.
6.
7.
8.
to take it to
2.
3.
4.
Set GRNOD to No de s .
5.
Click on the Node tab and select the master node of the RBODY created in the
previous step.
6.
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7.
2.
Bring back all the parts in the graphics using show option in Model/Solver Browser, go
to v ie w.
3.
4.
5.
Set GRNOD to No de s .
6.
Click on the No de tab and select a node on either side parallel to x-axis.
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505
7.
8.
9.
10.
Follow the same procedure (step 1-7) but create constraint in Y direction on the sides
parallel to Y plane of global axis.
11.
Follow the same procedure (step 1-7) but create constraint in Z direction on the sides
parallel to Z plane of global axis.
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2.
Input the values in the GENERAL, ANIM and DT windows, as shown below:
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507
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Altair Engineering
509
3.
4.
Go to Analysis page and enter the Control Cards panel. The following control cards
need to be enabled:
5.
6.
7.
For the cards Spmd, IOFlagCard, and AnalysisFlags leave the defaults.
Altair Engineering
8.
For the ALE_CFD_SPH card, check the ALE_Grid_Velocity box and leave it on.
2.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to Export options to expand the panel.
5.
6.
(for standalone) or
(for HyperWorks
Go to Sta rt > Pro gra m s > Alta ir H y pe rW o rks 12.0 > R AD IO SS.
2.
For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file boatditching_1_0000.
rad.
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511
Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or click on the
3.
icon in toolbar.
2.
Click O pe n.
From the Model Browser, select component Air , then select E dit from the context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For Type, select FLUID and for Card image, select M 37_B IPH AS and click C re a te
m a te ria l.
Altair Engineering
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
For card image, select P14_SO LID and click on C re a te Pro pe rty .
13.
14.
Click upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
From the Model Browser, select component W a te r, then select E dit from the context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For type, select FLUID and for card image, select M 37_B IPH AS and click C re a te
M a te ria l.
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513
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
For card image, select P14_SO LID and click on C re a te Pro pe rty .
13.
14.
Click upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
From the Model Browser, select component B o a t, then select E dit from the context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For type, select E la s tic and for card image, select M 1_E LASTIC and click C re a te
M a te ria l.
7.
Altair Engineering
8.
9.
10.
For name =, enter BOAT and for type =, select SUR FAC E .
11.
12.
13.
14.
For name, enter Boat and for type, select SUR FAC E .
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
Click upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
Click To o ls > C re a te C a rds > ALE - SPH - C FD > INTE R _TY PE 18.
2.
3.
GAP value is 1.5 times the average element size of the ALE component.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Set the slave selection to co m ps and select all the components, except boat.
8.
Step 7: Create RBODY for the Boat and assign mass to the Master
Node
1.
Isolate the boat part using the Solver Browser right-click option or from Model
Browser.
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515
2.
Click R B O D Y M a na ge r in the Utility panel on the left side of HyperMesh window or from
the pull-down menu, select To o ls > R bo dy M a na ge r.
3.
For Title:, enter boat-rigid, make sure that the Master node: is set to C a lcula te
No de and set the Slave node(s): to Pa rts and select the Boat.
4.
5.
Select the created R B O D Y in the table and click on the E dit ca rd icon
the card image panel.
6.
7.
8.
to take it to
2.
3.
4.
Set GRNOD to No de s .
5.
Click on the No de tab and select the master node of the RBODY created in the
previous step.
Altair Engineering
6.
7.
2.
Bring back all the parts in the graphics using show option in M o de l/ So lv e r bro ws e r, go
to view.
3.
4.
5.
Set GRNOD to No de s .
6.
Click on the No de tab and select a node on either side parallel to x-axis.
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517
7.
8.
9.
10.
Follow the same procedure (step 1-7) but create constraint in Y direction on the sides
parallel to Y plane of global axis.
11.
Follow the same procedure (step 1-7) but create constraint in Z direction on the sides
parallel to Z plane of global axis.
Altair Engineering
2.
Input the values in the GENERAL, ANIM and DT windows, as shown below:
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519
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Altair Engineering
521
3.
4.
Go to Analysis page and enter the Control Cards panel. The following control cards
need to be enabled:
5.
6.
7.
For the cards Spmd, IOFlagCard, and AnalysisFlags leave the defaults.
Altair Engineering
8.
For the ALE_CFD_SPH card, check the ALE_Grid_Velocity box and leave it on.
2.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to Export options to expand the panel.
5.
Click Auto e xpo rt e ngine file to export the engine file with the model file.
6.
(for standalone) or
(for HyperWorks
Go to Sta rt > Pro gra m s > Alta ir H y pe rW o rks 12.0 > R AD IO SS.
2.
For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file boatditching_2_0000.
rad.
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523
Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or click on the
3.
icon in toolbar.
2.
Click O pe n.
2.
3.
4.
From the Curve editor window, select the pre s s ure _inle t from the curve list.
5.
Altair Engineering
6.
Click Upda te .
Note: Follow Steps 3.1 - 3.6 to create density curve with values shown below.
7.
Click C lo s e .
2.
Select component inle t, then select E dit from the context sensitive menu.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
For Type, select O TH E R and for Card image, select M LAW 51 and click C re a te
m a te ria l.
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525
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
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13.
14.
15.
Click upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
From the Model Browser, select component Air, then select E dit from the context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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527
6.
For Type, select O TH E R and for Card image, select M LAW 51 and click C re a te
m a te ria l.
7.
Altair Engineering
8.
To the right of Pmin(2) and Pmin(3), verify that the fields C0(2) and CO(3) are set
to 1.00e - 04.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Click Upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
From the Model Browser, select component W a te r, then select E dit from the context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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529
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Click Upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
From the Model Browser, select component rubbe r, then select E dit from the context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Altair Engineering
6.
For Type, select E LASTIC and for Card i m a ge , select M 1_E LAST and click C re a te
m a te ria l.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
For Card image, select P14_SO LID and click on C re a te pro pe rty .
13.
14.
Click Upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
Go to Analysis page and enter the interfaces panel and input, as shown below or click
To o ls > C re a te ca rds > ALE - SPH - C FD > INTE R _TY PE 18.
Altair Engineering
531
2.
3.
4.
Note:
GAP value is 1.5 times the average element size of the ALE component.
5.
Set Istf to 1.
6.
Click re turn.
7.
8.
Set the master entities to s e ts and click on e dit to go to the entitysets panel.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Set the slave entities to C o m ps and select all the comps, except rubber/clapper.
14.
2.
For Name, enter constraint-X, set Select type as B o unda ry C o nditio n and set the
GRNOD to No de s .
3.
Click on No de s and select a node for each outer face parallel to x-axis.
Altair Engineering
4.
5. Click cre a te .
6. Repeat Steps 1-5 to create Boundary conditions on Y and Z faces (see image below for
reference).
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533
7. Check the box Ty in order to constrain the translational d.o.f in Y-direction, as shown
below:
8.
Check the box next to Tz in order to constrain the translational d.o.f in Z-direction, as
shown below:
Step 10: Create Boundary Condition to fix one end of the rubber
1.
2.
For Name, enter Fix-rubber, set Select type to B o unda ry C o nditio n and set the
GRNOD to No de s .
Altair Engineering
3.
Select all the nodes on the edge of the clapper, as shown below.
4.
5.
2.
Input the values in the GENERAL, ANIM and DT windows, as shown below:
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535
Altair Engineering
Altair Engineering
537
3.
4.
Go to Analysis page and enter the Control Cards panel. The following control cards
need to be enabled:
Altair Engineering
2.
For File:, click the folder icon and navigate to the destination directory where you want
to run.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to Export options to expand the panel.
5.
Click M e rge s ta rte r a nd e ngine file to export solver deck as one file.
6.
Go to Sta rt > Pro gra m s > Alta ir H y pe rW o rks 12.0 > R AD IO SS.
2.
For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file CLAPPER_0000.rad.
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539
Model Description
UNITS: Length (mm), Time (s), Mass (ton), Force (N) and Stress (MPa)
Simulation time: in Engine file [0 6.601e-002 s]
Only one half of the model is modeled because it is symmetric.
The supports are totally fixed. An imposed velocity of 1000 mm/s is applied on the
Impactor in the (Z) direction
Model size = 370mm x 46.5mm x 159mm
Honeycomb Material /MAT/LAW28: HONEYCOMB
= 3.0e-10 ton/mm
Altair Engineering
Strain Curve:
0
STR
AIN
STR 325
ESS
0.01 0.01
2002 4003
0.01
8003
0.022
002
0.0260
03
0.030
006
0.03
2
0.03
300
5
0.0335
23
335.
968
349.
245
358.6
49
372.30
9
383.9
25
388.
109
389.
292
389.50
6
3437
83
Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or click on the
3.
icon in toolbar.
2.
Click the Se le ct File icon, navigate to the correct directory, and select BENDING_0000.
rad.
3.
Click Im po rt.
4.
From the Model Browser, select H C Fo a m , then select e dit from the context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
Altair Engineering
541
5.
6.
7.
Click C re a te m a te ria l.
8.
Altair Engineering
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Click upda te to update the component with created property and material.
Step 4: Create and Assign material and property for the component
Inner
1.
From the Model Browser, select Inne r, then select e dit from the context sensitive
menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For type, select E LASTO - PLASTIC ., then for card image select M 36_PLAS_TAB .
7.
Click C re a te m a te ria l.
Altair Engineering
543
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Set type to SUR FAC E , then for card image, select P1_SH E LL.
14.
15.
16.
Altair Engineering
17.
18.
Click upda te to update the component with created property and material.
Step 5: Create and Assign material and property for the component
Outer
1.
From the Model Browser, select O ute r, then select e dit from the context sensitive
menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Select Inne r.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Select Inne r.
15.
16.
17.
Click upda te to update the component with created property and material.
Step 6: Create and Assign material and property for the component
Flat
Follow the procedure described in Step 5 with Outer replaced by Flat.
From the Model Browser, select Im pa cto r, then select e dit from the context
sensitive menu.
Altair Engineering
545
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click C re a te m a te ria l.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Select Inne r.
16.
17.
18.
Click upda te to update the component with created property and material.
Altair Engineering
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click cre a te .
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Click co m ps .
11.
12.
Click cre a te .
13.
Altair Engineering
547
14.
Similarly, create rigid body for Support component in a collector with the name Support
rigid using sub-Steps 9.1 to 9.13.
Step 10: Define imposed velocity and boundary condition for the
impactor
1.
2.
For Name, enter IMPOSED_VELOCITY, set Select type to Im po s e d Ve lo city and set
the GRNOD to No de s .
3.
Click nodes and select the master node of the rigid body as shown in the following
image.
4.
5.
Set Scale Y to -1000.0 as the direction of velocity is opposite to the global Z axis.
6.
Altair Engineering
7.
8.
9.
For Name, enter Impactor_constraints, set Select type to B o unda ry C o nditio n and
set the GRNOD to No de s .
10.
11.
12.
2.
For Name, enter support_fixed, set Select type to B o unda ry C o nditio n and set the
GRNOD to No de s .
3.
Select the master node of the rigid body created on Supporter as shown in the
following image.
4.
5.
Altair Engineering
549
Step 12: Define symmetry boundary condition for the foam, inner,
outer and flat
1.
2.
For Name, enter SYMMETRY_XZ, set Select type to B o unda ry C o nditio n and set the
GRNOD to No de s .
3.
Select the nodes of the foam , inner , outer and flat as shown in the following image.
4.
5.
Altair Engineering
6.
Step 13: Define contacts between the beam and the support
1.
Enter the interfaces panel or click To o ls > C re a te ca rds > INTE R > TY PE 7.
2.
3.
Set type = to TY PE 7.
4.
Click cre a te .
5.
6.
7.
Altair Engineering
551
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Click e dit.
16.
17.
Step 14: Define contacts between the impactor and the outer
1.
2.
3.
Set type = to TY PE 7.
4.
Click cre a te .
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Altair Engineering
15.
Step 15: Define the self contact between the beam components
1.
2.
3.
Set type = to TY PE 7.
4.
Click cre a te .
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Altair Engineering
553
15.
Click e dit.
Enter values as shown in the following image:
16.
2.
3.
4.
Click gro ups and select the interface Imp_Outer from the list.
5.
6.
7.
From the main menu, go to the Analysis page > Control Cards subpanel.
2.
Click M e m o ry R e q.
Altair Engineering
3.
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555
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557
Altair Engineering
Select the master nodes of the two RBODY In the model for RBODY/ON nodes.
Note:
The above values are the master node IDs of the respective RBODY of Impactor and
Support. These may vary for different models.
2.
For File:, navigate to the destination directory where you want to run.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to Export opt io ns to expand the panel.
5.
Click M e rge s ta rte r a nd e ngine file to export solver deck as one file.
6.
Go to Sta rt > Pro gra m s > Alta ir H y pe rW o rks 12.0 > R AD IO SS.
Altair Engineering
559
2.
For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file bending_0000.rad.
Step 21: Review the listing files for this run and verify on the results
1.
2.
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561
Altair Engineering
Model Description
UNITS: Length (mm), Time (s), Mass (ton), Force (N) and Stress (MPa)
Simulation time: in Engine [0 3.3e-3]
This is a very simple cell phone model used to demonstrate how to set up a drop test.
The model is an assembly of two solid parts meshed with Tetra 10 elements,
connected with spring elements, and contact defined between them.
To reduce the simulation time, the cell phone is dropped 1 mm from the ground with an
initial velocity of -4429.4469 mm/s representing the velocity that it would have
attained from a free fall of 1000 mm.
Boundary Conditions: Gravity load + initial velocity of -4429.4469 mm/s on the cell
phone.
Altair Engineering
563
= 0.3
E = 1000 MPa
STRAIN
16
STRESS
17
Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or click on the
3.
icon in toolbar.
2.
Click O pe n.
2.
3.
4.
Click pro ce e d.
5.
From the Curve editor window, select s tre s s _s tra in_curv e from the Curve List.
Altair Engineering
6.
7.
From the Model Browser, select components C e llpho ne _bo tto m and C e llpho ne _to p,
then select E dit from the context sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For Type, select E LASTO _PLASTIC and for Card image, select M 36_PLAS_TAB .
7.
Click C re a te m a te ria l.
8.
Altair Engineering
565
9.
10.
Click I_func1 and select s tre s s _s tra in_curv e (the function curve previously created).
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
For Card image, select P14_SO LID and click on C re a te pro pe rty .
16.
17.
18.
Click upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
From the Model Browser, select component co nne ctio n_s pring, then select E dit from
the context sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Altair Engineering
9.
10.
Click Upda te to update the component with the newly created property.
2.
3.
Set type = to TY PE 7.
4.
5.
6.
Click re turn.
7.
Altair Engineering
567
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Click Upda te .
16.
Set slave: to co m ps .
17.
18.
Click Upda te .
19.
20.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Altair Engineering
7.
Press the F8 key on the keyboard. Enter the node coordinates: X=0, Y=0, Z=19.
8.
Click cre a te .
9.
10.
11.
12.
Make sure the normal vector is set to z - a xis , as shown in the following image.
13.
14.
Click upda te .
15.
Go to add subpanel.
16.
17.
18.
2.
For Name, enter Gravity, set Select type as G ra v ity Lo a d and set the GRNOD to
Pa rts .
3.
4.
5.
Altair Engineering
569
6.
7.
8.
9.
Click pro ce e d.
10.
In the Curve editor window, select gra v ity from the Curve List.
11.
Altair Engineering
12.
13.
In the BCs Manager, enter Name as Initial_velocity, set Select type as Initia l
Ve lo city and set the GRNOD to Pa rts .
2.
3.
Altair Engineering
571
4.
2.
Input the values in the GENERAL and ANIM windows, as shown in the following images:
Altair Engineering
Altair Engineering
573
3.
Go to the Analysis page and enter control cards panel. You need to enable the
following control card (see following image):
Altair Engineering
MemoryReq.
2.
3.
2.
For File:, navigate to the destination directory where you want to run.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to Export options to expand the panel.
5.
Click M e rge s ta rte r a nd e ngine file to export solver deck as one file.
6.
Go to Sta rt > Pro gra m s > Alta ir H y pe rW o rks 12.0 > R AD IO SS.
2.
For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file ce llpho ne _0000.ra d.
Step 14: Review the listing files for this run and verify on the results
1.
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575
2.
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Model Description
UNITS: Length (mm), Time (ms), Mass (kg), Force (kN) and Stress (GPa)
Simulation time:
o
The outer circumference area is fixed on all degrees of freedom (VX , VY, VZ ) and the
center node is fixed on X direction and the X and Y rotation (VX , WX , Wy )
The gasket dimensions are: Thickness = 100 mm, External Diameter = 200 mm and
Internal Diameter = 50 mm.
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577
1 = 0.175 GPa
[mue1]
1 =2
[alfa1]
2 =2
(alfa2]
Exercise
2.
From the Preferences menu, select the Us e r Pro file s or click on the
3.
icon in toolbar.
2.
Click O pe n.
From the Model Browser, select component G a s ke t, then select E dit from the context
sensitive menu.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
For type, select E LASTIC and for card image, select M 42_O G D E N and click C re a te
m a te ria l.
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7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
For Card image, select P14_SO LID and click on C re a te pro pe rty .
12.
13.
14.
Click upda te to update the component with the newly created property and material.
2.
3.
4.
Click cre a te .
5.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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579
6.
Click cre a te .
7.
2.
For Name, enter Inner_BC, set Select type to B o unda ry C o nditio n and set the
GRNOD to No de s .
3.
4.
5.
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2.
For Name, enter DISP_Y, set Select type to Im po s e d D is pla ce m e nt and set the
GRNOD to No de s .
3.
4.
Set Direction as Y .
5.
6.
7.
8.
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581
2.
For Name, enter DISP_Z, set Select type to Im po s e d D is pla ce m e nt and set the
GRNOD to No de s .
3.
4.
Set Direction as Z.
5.
6.
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7.
8.
2.
For Name, enter ROT20DEG_Z, set Select type to Im po s e d D is pla ce m e nt and set
the GRNOD to No de s .
3.
4.
Set Direction as Z Z.
5.
6.
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583
7.
8.
9.
2.
For Name, enter OUTER_BC, set Select type to B o unda ry C o nditio n and set the
GRNOD to No de s .
3.
4.
Click No de s on the panel and then select by face to select all nodes on the outer
surface.
5.
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6.
2.
Input the values in the GENERAL and ANIM windows as shown in the following images:
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585
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2.
For File:, navigate to the destination directory where you want to run.
3.
4.
Click the downward-pointing arrows next to Export options to expand the panel.
5.
Click M e rge s ta rte r a nd e ngine file to export solver deck as one file.
6.
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587
Go to Sta rt > Pro gra m s > Alta ir H y pe rW o rks 12.0 > R AD IO SS.
2.
For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file gasket_0000.rad.
Step 14: Review the listing files for this run and verify on the results
1.
2.
Using HyperView plot the displacement and strain contour and vectors.
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589
Bulk Format
Altair Engineering
Model Description
The figure below illustrates the structural model used for this tutorial: a long rectangular plate
which is supported at one end and distributed load is applied on the top surface. The
dimensions of the plate and material parameters can be obtained in the table below.
Units
Length
1000 mm
Width
200 mm
Thickness
4.0 mm
Material
7.90e-9 kg/mm3
200000 MPa
0.29
100.0 MPa
Simulation time
[0 1.0 s]
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591
Exercise
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile.
5.
6.
Select the file plate.nas located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directoty>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
7.
Click Im po rt.
2.
3.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on M ATX
and select M ATX 02 to define additional material properties for JohnsonCooke elastic-plastic material for geometric non-linear analysis.
6.
Input the values as shown below. See material parameters for details.
7.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on PSH E LLX to define additional SHELL properties for geometric non-linear analysis.
6.
Input the values as shown below. See shell parameters for details.
7.
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593
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Select the degrees of freedom do f1, do f2 and do f3. Deselect all others.
11.
12.
13.
2.
3.
4.
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5.
6.
Click on the toggle next to magnitude= and switch pressure definition method to
co ns ta nt v e cto r.
7.
8.
For load types, make sure to select PLO AD as the load type.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Click re turn.
While still on the load collectors panel, create a new load collector LC _IM PLO AD with
card image set to NLO AD 1.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
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595
2.
3.
4.
Select the convergence criterion as P (fo rce ) with a tolerance value of 0.01.
5.
This defines the parameters for implicit nonlinear analysis iteration strategy.
6.
Input the values as shown below. See nonlinear analysis control parameters for details.
7.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
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4.
5.
Click on the e ntry field and select LC _SPC from the list of collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the e ntry field and select LC _IM PLO AD from the list of collectors.
8.
Check the box preceding NLPARM to define the nonlinear analysis control parameters.
An entry field appears to the right of NLPARM.
9.
Click on the e ntry field and select LC _NLPAR M from the list of collectors.
10.
Check the box preceding TTERM to define the termination time for geometric nonlinear
analysis subcase.
An entry field appears to the right of TTERM.
11.
12.
Click cre a te .
A RADIOSS loadstep is created.
13.
2.
Click s a v e a s
3.
and select the directory where you want to write the file.
The file extension .fem is necessary for RADIOSS to recognize it as an input file.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click R a dio s s .
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597
8.
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the job is successful, you will see new results files in
the directory where HyperMesh was invoked. The plate.out file is where you will find
error messages that will help you debug your input deck, if any errors are present.
9.
plate.out
ASCII based output file of the model check run before the
simulation begins and gives some basic information on the
results of the run.
plate.stat
plate.h3d
Using HyperView, plot the Displacement and the von Mises stress contour at 1.0 s.
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599
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601
Exercise
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh and set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User
Profile
1.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu and import
reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating models
in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS.
2.
3.
Click O pe n.
The model has three components and a few free nodes that will be used to create bodies and
joints for the MBD model.
2.
Select the cre a te subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
To create PRBODY for component, blue.
3.
4.
5.
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6.
Click cre a te .
7.
Repeat the above operation to define PRBODY for the component named body2 with the
name lime, and for body3 with the name orange.
8.
Click re turn.
2.
Enter joints for the Name: and ensure that As s igne d pro pe rty : and As s igne d
m a te ria l: are set to No ne .
3.
In this tutorial, two revolute joints, one ball joint, and one universal joint are created to
constrain the degrees of freedom (shown in the following figure), such that the remaining
degree of freedom will be just 1.
DOF = 3*6 (5+5+4+3) = 1
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603
Type of Joint
Removes
translational dof
Removes
rotational dof
Removes total
number of dof
Revolute
Universal
Ball (Spherical)
From the menu, click M e s h > C re a te > 1D E le m e nts > Jo ints to open the Joints panel.
First, the revolute joint at the lower right corner of body3 will be created.
2.
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605
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11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Click cre a te .
A ball (spherical) joint between body1 and body2 will be created next.
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607
17.
18.
19.
20.
Click cre a te .
Right-click the M o de l B ro ws e r and create a new Load Collector with the name gravity.
2.
3.
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4.
Ensure that Card edit loadcollector upon creation is selected and click C re a te .
Input the values, as illustrated below.
5.
Right-click the M o de l B ro ws e r and create a new Load Collector with the name SIM.
2.
3.
4.
Ensure that Card edit loadcollector upon creation is selected and click C re a te .
5.
6.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the entry field and select gra v ity from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the entry field and select SIM from the list of load collectors.
8.
Click cre a te .
9.
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609
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, 3bodies_dynamics_complete.fem, in the File name: field.
The .fem filename extension is the suggested extension for RADIOSS input decks.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note that the name and location of the 3bodies_dynamics_complete.fem file displays
in the input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches a RADIOSS run in a separate command prompt (DOS or UNIX).
The default files written to the directory are:
Altair Engineering
3bodies_dynamics_complete
.html
3bodies_dynamics_complete
.out
3bodies_dynamics_complete
.mbd.log
3bodies_dynamics_complete
.mbd.xml
3bodies_dynamics_complete
.h3d
3bodies_dynamics_complete
.mbd.mrf
3bodies_dynamics_complete
.stat
While in the Radioss panel of the Analysis page, click the green H y pe rVie w button.
If a window appears with a warning message, click O K.
Note that the path and file name for 3bodies_dynamics_complete.h3d appears in the
fields to the right of Load model and Load results. This is fine because the .h3d
format contains both model and results data.
2.
The model and results are loaded in the current H y pe rVie w window.
3.
4.
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611
5.
Click Apply .
6.
7.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon to start the animation.
8.
The Animation Controls are in the panel next to the playback controls.
9.
With the animation running, use the bottom slider bar to adjust the speed of the
animation.
10.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon again to stop the animation.
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613
Exercise
Step 1: Launch HyperMesh and set the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User
Profile
1.
2.
3.
4.
Click O K.
This loads the User Profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu and import
reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating models
in Bulk Data Format for RADIOSS.
Select the slider_crank.hm file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss.
3.
Click O pe n.
The model has five components and a few free nodes that will be used to create bodies and
joints for the MBD model.
2.
Select the create subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
To create PRBODY for component, support.
3.
4.
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5.
6.
Click cre a te .
To create PRBODY for component, crank.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Click the no de s button and select the node (ID 25231) at the center of RBE2 spider
between connecting rod and crank (see the following figure).
11.
Click cre a te .
To create PRBODY for component, block.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Click the no de s button and select the node (ID 25232) at the center of RBE2 spider
between connecting rod and block (see figure).
16.
Click cre a te .
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615
2.
3.
4.
Click the e le m s button and select two R B E 2 elements that are inside a hole on the
connecting rod.
Alternatively you could also use elems by id and input IDs 18795 and 18796 for the
two RBE2 elements.
Altair Engineering
5.
Select C ra ig- B a m pto n as the C M S M e tho d: and the number of modes: set to 10.
6.
Removes
translational dof
Removes
rotational dof
Revolute
Fixed
Translational
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617
Click M e s h > C re a te > 1D E le m e nts > Jo ints to open the Joints panel.
First, the fixed joint between ground and support will be created.
2.
3.
4.
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5.
Click cre a te .
Next, the revolute joint between support and crank will be created.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Select coordinates as first orientation and type x= 0.0, y= 0.0, z= 1.0. The z-axis will
be the axis of rotation of revolute joint.
10.
Click cre a te .
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619
A revolute joint between the crank and connecting rod will be created next.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Select the coordinates as the first orientation and type x= 0.0, y= 0.0, z= 1.0. The
z-axis will be the axis of rotation of revolute joint.
Altair Engineering
15.
Click cre a te .
A revolute joint between the connecting rod and sliding block will be created next.
16.
17.
18.
19.
Select coordinates as first orientation and type x= 0.0, y= 0.0, z= 1.0. The z-axis
will be the axis of rotation of revolute joint.
20.
Click cre a te .
A translational joint between the sliding block and ground will be created next.
21.
22.
23.
24.
Select coordinates as first orientation and type x= 1.0, y= 0.0, z= 0.0. X will be the
direction of translation.
25.
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621
Click Se tup > C re a te > C o ntro l C a rds to open the Control Cards panel.
2.
Click D TI_UNITS.
3.
Right-click in the Model Browser to create a new Load Collector of type MBSIM named
SIM.
2.
Click cre a te / e dit or open the new load collector in the card editor.
Altair Engineering
3.
4.
Click re turn.
5.
6.
7.
Click the cre a tio n m e tho d switch and select ca rd im a ge from the pop-up menu.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the entry field and select SIM from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the entry field and select Ve lo city from the list of load collectors.
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623
8.
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, slider_crank_complete.fem, in the File name: field.
The .fem file name extension is suggested for RADIOSS input decks.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note that the name and location of the slider_crank_complete.fem file is displayed in
the input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches a RADIOSS run in a separate (DOS or UNIX) shell.
The default files written to the directory are:
Altair Engineering
While in the Radioss panel of the Analysis page, click the green H y pe rVie w button.
Note that the path and filename for slider_crank_complete.h3d appears in the fields
to the right of Load model and Load results. This is fine because the .h3d format
contains both model and results data.
The model and results are loaded in the current H y pe rVie w window.
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625
2.
3.
4.
Click Apply .
5.
6.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon to start the animation.
7.
The Anim a tio n C o ntro ls are in the panel next to the playback controls.
8.
With the animation running, use the bottom slider bar to adjust the speed of the
animation.
9.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon again to stop the animation.
10.
11.
12.
Click Apply .
13.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon to start the animation.
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627
In this tutorial, you will learn how to create a JOINT, a PFBODY, an MBMNTC and a multi-body
dynamics subcase.
The beam model consists of 10 different flexible bodies (PFBODY) and each body is to be
connected through a fixed joint and rigid element (RBE2).
Altair Engineering
Modeling RBE2
There are two RBE2s defined at the boundary of each body (one for each body at this
boundary). The fixed joint will be created using coincident nodes which are independent
nodes of each of the RBE2s.
These exercises will show how to:
Load a model into HyperMesh
Create a component for JOINT
Create a fixed joint
Create a PFBODY
Create load collectors for MBMNTC and MBSIM
Create an MBMNTC
Create an MBSIM
Create a multi-body dynamics subcase
Submitting the job
Post-process the results in HyperView
Load the model
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629
Exercise
Step 1: Retrieve the structural model and define the RADIOSS (Bulk
Data) template
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click O pe n.
2.
3.
4.
Click cre a te .
This creates the new component named joints.
Click G e o m e try > C re a te > No de s > X Y Z to open the Create Nodes panel.
Altair Engineering
2.
Move the cursor to the upper left corner of body_1 and click 3 times (see the following
figure). You will get the nodal coordinate (x=, y=, z=) of that node.
3. Click cre a te .
4. Repeat the last two steps to create another coincident node at lower left corner of
body_1.
5. Click re turn.
6. Click M e s h > C re a te > 1D E le m e nts > Jo ints to open the Joints panel.
7. Click the jo int ty pe : selector switch and select fixe d from the pop-up menu.
8. Click no de under first terminal: and select one of the coincident nodes at upper left
corner node.
Note: To select the coincident nodes, the coincident picking option has to be
turned on, to do this:
-
9. Under second terminal:, click no de and select the other coincident nodes at the same
location.
Fixed joint
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631
10.
Click cre a te .
11.
Repeat this process to create a fixed joint at lower left corner of body_1.
12.
Click re turn.
Click M e s h > C re a te > 1D E le m e nts > Jo ints to open the Joints panel.
2.
3.
4.
Select one of the coincident nodes as first terminal: (see the following figure).
5.
6.
Click cre a te .
Fixed joint
7.
Repeat this process to create a fixed joint for the boundary of each body.
8.
Click re turn.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click s e le ct.
7.
8.
Check the box for the component rigid_1 and click s e le ct.
9.
10.
11.
Click cre a te .
12.
Switch over to the parameters subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side
of the panel.
13.
14.
15.
Click upda te .
16.
17.
Click re turn.
Click Se tup > C re a te > C o ntro l C a rds to open the Control Cards panel.
2.
Click D TI_UNITS.
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633
3.
4.
2.
3.
4.
Click C re a te .
The mbmoment load collector is created.
5.
6.
7.
Click the C a rd e dit lo a dco lle cto r upo n cre a tio n checkbox to activate it.
8.
Click C re a te .
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
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2.
3.
Click re turn.
MBMNTC is the moment based on the curve so that the curve will be created next.
4.
Click X Y Plo ts > C urv e E dito r to bring up the Curve editor window.
5.
Click Ne w
6.
7.
Click pro ce e d.
8.
Select m y curv e from the Curve List: located in upper left corner of the window.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Click no de s .
15.
Select the 2 nodes at right tip of a beam, as shown in the following figure.
MBMNTC
16.
17.
18.
19.
Click curv e .
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635
20.
Select m y curv e .
21.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the entry field and select s im from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the entry field and select m bm o m e nt from the list of load collectors.
8.
2.
3.
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, cantilever_beam_MBD.fem, in the File name: field.
The .fem file name extension is the suggested extension for RADIOSS input decks.
4. Click Sa v e .
Note the name and location of the cantilever_beam_MBD.fem file shows in the input
file: field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches a RADIOSS run in a separate shell (DOS or UNIX) which appears.
If the optimization was successful, no error messages are reported to the shell. The
optimization is complete when the message Proc e ssing c om ple t e appears in the shell.
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While in the Radioss panel of the Analysis page, click the green H y pe rVie w button.
Note that the path and file name for cantilever_beam_MBD.h3d
appears in the fields to the right of Load model and Load results.
This is fine because the .h3d format contains both model and results
data.
The model and results are loaded in the current H y pe rVie w window.
2.
3.
4.
Click Apply .
5.
6.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon to start the animation.
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637
7.
The Anim a tio n C o ntro ls are in the panel next to the playback controls.
8.
With the animation running, use the bottom slider bar to adjust the speed of the
animation.
9.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon again to stop the animation.
10.
11.
Click Apply .
Altair Engineering
Exercise
2.
3.
4.
Select the susp_sla.hm file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
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639
5.
Click O pe n.
The susp_sla.hm database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session, replacing any
existing data.
Step 2: Create load collectors that will be used to conduct the flexible
body reduction
In this step, two collectors will be created; one for the ASET that defines the connecting
degrees of freedom of the flexible body and the other for the method and parameters for the
component mode synthesis.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click C re a te .
This load collector will be used to define connecting degrees of freedom of the flexible
body to the multi-body system.
7.
8.
9.
Click the C a rd e dit lo a dco lle cto r upo n cre a tio n option to activate it.
10.
Click C re a te .
This creates the load collector used to define the component mode synthesis method
and parameters. The card image can now be edited.
11.
12.
13.
14.
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2.
3.
Click re turn.
Right-click on ASE T and click M a ke C urre nt to set the current Load Collector.
2.
3.
5.
Click cre a te .
6.
Select do f2 and do f3 and verify that the nodes button remains active.
Select the node and the last attachment point of the control arm.
7.
Click cre a te .
Create the third constraint by selecting do f3 and choosing the top node in the rigid
which would fasten the bottom of the shock assembly to the control arm. This can be
seen in the next figure.
8.
Click cre a te .
9.
Create the fourth constraint by selecting do f1, do f2, and do f3 and choosing the top
node in the rigid on the boss to the right.
10.
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641
Click Se tup > C re a te > C o ntro l C a rds to open the Control Cards panel.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Step 6: Define the analysis type, unit system, create a title, and create
the output control for the component mode synthesis
1.
Click on D TI_UNITS in the list of Control Cards to define the units system for the flex
body output. The units should be defined consistent with the material properties of the
material defined for this model. This way, you will not need to take care of the units of
Multi-body Dynamics Analysis.
Note: To check the material properties of your model:
Right-click on M AT1_1 in the Model Browser and click C a rd E dit. You will be able to
view the Elastic modulus (2.1e+05), Poissons Ratio (0.3) and the Density of the material
(7.9e-06).
For this model, the material used is Steel. Since the values of the material properties
provided are consistent with Kilogram, Newton, Millimeter, Second, the sequence: KG N
M M S is selected for this control card.
2.
Click re turn.
3.
From the Control Cards panel, click on G LO B AL_O UTPUT_R E Q UE ST > STR E SS.
4.
5.
Click re turn.
Altair Engineering
6.
Click ne xt and then click O UTPUT and set the options shown in figure below.
7.
Click re turn.
8.
9.
2.
Set the export options: toggle at the bottom of the panel to a ll.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches the RADIOSS job. If the job is successful, you should see new results files
in the directory where HyperMesh was invoked. The susp_sla.out file is a good place
to look for error messages that will help you debug your input deck if any errors are
present.
The default files written to the directory are:
susp_sla.h3d
H3D file that contains the flexible body data for use in Altair
MotionSolve.
susp_sla.out
susp_sla.stat
Detailed breakdown on the CPU time used for each significant stage
in the analysis.
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643
Exercise
2.
3.
4.
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5.
Click O pe n.
The model has five components and a few free nodes that will be used to create bodies and
joints for the MBD model.
2.
Select the create subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
3.
4.
5.
Click the pro ps button below type= and select Sta nd1.
6.
Click the fre e no de s button and select by id option and enter 2, 19391, and 19402.
7.
Click cre a te .
8.
Use the table to repeat the above operation to define PRBODY for the remaining
components.
bo dy =
ty pe =
pro ps
fre e no de s
Slider
PRBODY
Slider2
4, 19399
Driver
PRBODY
Driver3
19392, 19395
Pentagon
PRBODY
Pentagon4
4246, 19396
Circle
PRBODY
Circle5
414, 19400
Ground
GROUND
19401
Note: To define the ground body the selection of props is not required.
9.
Click re turn.
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645
Body 1
Body 2
Fixed
Stand
Ground
Revolute
Stand
Driver
Translational
Stand
Slider
Revolute
Driver
Pentagon
Fixed
Slider
Circle
2.
3.
4.
Click C re a te .
This creates the new component named joints.
In this tutorial step, two revolute joints, two fixed joints, and one translational joint are
created to constrain the degrees of freedom (shown in the following figure), such that the
remaining degree of freedom will be just 2.
DOF = 5*6 (5+5+6+6+5+1) = 2
Removes
translational dof
Removes
rotational dof
Removes total
number of dof
Revolute
Fixed
Translational
Motion (rev)
Type of Joint
Altair Engineering
Click M e s h > C re a te > 1D E le m e nts > Jo ints to open the joints panel.
First, the fixed joint between the stand and ground will be created.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click cre a te .
Next the fixed joint between the slider and the circle is created.
6.
7.
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647
8.
Click cre a te .
To create the revolute joints in the model (b/w stand-driver and driver-pentagon
bodies), please refer to the image below and follow the steps.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Select the v e cto r option and for the first orientation, select y - a xis .
13.
Click cre a te .
14.
15.
16.
17.
Select the v e cto r option and for the first orientation, select y - a xis .
18.
Click cre a te .
To create the translational joint in the model (b/w slider-stand), please refer to the
image below and follow the steps.
19.
20.
21.
22.
Select the v e cto r option and for the first orientation, select x- a xis .
23.
Click cre a te .
24.
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These element sets are defined from the analysis page, entity sets
by choosing a set of elements. The set of elements on the face of
the pentagon body is named master and the sets elements on the
face of the circle body is named slave.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Click on the s e ts for the master: and select the entity set named mas and click the
upda te button.
8.
Click on the s e ts for the slave: select the entity set named Sla and click the upda te
button.
9.
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649
10.
Select PO ISSO N for CNFTYPE and enter the values, as shown in the image below:
11.
2.
Click on the no de s button and select the option by id and enter node id 19392.
3.
Uncheck all buttons; except for dof5 and enter a value of 1 (refer to the image below).
4.
5.
6.
Note:
You can find a new load collector (auto1) added to the model
after completing this step. The motion is assigned to this load
collector and will be used as reference in the RADIOSS subcase.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click the Card edit loadcollector upon creation option to activate it.
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6.
Click C re a te .
Input the values, as illustrated below.
7.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click C re a te .
6.
7.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the e ntry field and select G ra v ity from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the e ntry field and select SIM from the list of load collectors.
8.
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651
9.
Click on the e ntry field and select a uto 1 from the list of load collectors.
10.
Click cre a te .
11.
2.
Click s a v e a s
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, for_contact_tutorial.fem, in the File name: field.
The .fem filename extension is the suggested extension for RADIOSS input decks.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note that the name and location of the for_contact_tutorial.fem file displays in the
input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
Altair Engineering
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches a RADIOSS run in a separate command prompt (DOS or UNIX).
The default files written to the directory are:
for_contact_tutorial.
html
for_contact_tutorial.
out
for_contact_tutorial.
log
for_contact_tutorial.
xml
for_contact_tutorial.
h3d
for_contact_tutorial.
mrf
for_contact_tutorial.
stat
Note:
There are a few more files written to the directory with the name
for_contact_tutorial_mbd.
While in the Radioss panel of the Analysis page, click the green H y pe rVie w button.
Note: That the path and file name for for_contact_tutorials.h3d
appears in the fields to the right of Load model and Load
results. This is fine because the .h3d format contains both
model and results data.
2.
3.
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653
4.
Click Apply .
5.
6.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon to start the animation.
7.
The Animation Controls are in the panel next to the playback controls.
8.
With the animation running, use the bottom slider bar to adjust the speed of the
animation.
9.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon again to stop the animation.
Altair Engineering
In this tutorial, we will model a Curved Pentagon Positive Return Cam system with the help of
a CVCV constraint.
Exercise
2.
3.
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655
4.
5.
Click O pe n.
The model has five components and a few free nodes that should be used to create bodies
and joints for the MBD model.
2.
Select the create subpanel using the radio buttons on the left-hand side of the panel.
3.
4.
5.
Click the pro ps button below type= and select Sta nd1.
6.
Click the fre e no de s button and select by id option and enter 2, 19392, and 19402.
7.
Click cre a te .
8.
Use the table to repeat the above operation to define PRBODY for the remaining
components.
bo dy =
ty pe =
pro ps
fre e no de s
Slider
PRBODY
Slider2
4, 19398, 19400
Driver
PRBODY
Driver3
19391, 19395
Pentagon
PRBODY
Pentagon4
19396
Circle
PRBODY
Circle5
19397, 19399
Ground
GROUND
19401
Note: To define the ground body the selection of props is not required.
9.
Click re turn.
Altair Engineering
2.
3.
4.
Click C re a te .
This creates the new component named joints.
In this tutorial step, two revolute joints, two fixed joints, and one translational joint are
created to constrain the degrees of freedom (shown in the following figure), such that the
remaining degree of freedom will be just 2.
DOF = 5*6 (5+5+6+6+5+1) = 2
Removes
translational dof
Removes
rotational dof
Removes total
number of dof
Revolute
Fixed
Translational
Motion (rev)
Type of Joint
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657
Click M e s h > C re a te > 1D E le m e nts > Jo ints to open the Joints panel.
First, the fixed joint between the stand and ground will be created.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click cre a te .
Next, the fixed joint between the slider and the circle is created.
6.
7.
8.
Click cre a te .
To create the revolute joints between (stand-driver and driver-pentagon) in the model
please refer to the image below and follow the steps.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Select the v e cto r option and select y - a xis for the first orientation.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Select the v e cto r option and select y - a xis for the first orientation.
Altair Engineering
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
Select the v e c t or option and select x- a xis for the first orientation.
22.
These curves are defined from the analysis page, entity sets by
choosing a set of nodes. The curve on the pentagon body is
named master and the curve on the circle body is named slave.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Click cre a te .
7.
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659
2.
Click twice on the no de s button and select the option by id and enter node id 19392.
3.
Check the button next to dof5 and enter a value of 1.0 (refer to image below).
4.
5.
6.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click C a rd e dit lo a dco lle cto r upo n cre a tio n to activate the option.
6.
Click C re a te .
Input the values, as illustrated below.
7.
Click re turn.
A new load collector, gravity is created.
Altair Engineering
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click C re a te .
6.
7.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the e ntry field and select gra v ity from the list of load collectors.
6.
7.
Click on the e ntry field and select SIM from the list of load collectors.
8.
9.
Click on the e ntry field and select a uto 1 from the list of load collectors.
10.
Click cre a te .
11.
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661
2.
Click s a v e a s
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, for_cvcv_tutorial.fem, in the File name: field.
The .fem filename extension is the suggested extension for RADIOSS input decks.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note that the name and location of the for_cvcv_tutorial.fem file displays in the
input file: field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches a RADIOSS run in a separate shell (DOS or UNIX) which appears.
The default files written to the directory are:
for_cvcv_tutorial.
html
Altair Engineering
While in the Radioss panel of the Analysis page, click the green H y pe rVie w button.
Note: That the path and file name for for_cvcv_tutorial.h3d
appears in the fields to the right of Load model and Load
results. This is fine because the .h3d format contains both
model and results data.
2.
3.
4.
Click Apply .
5.
6.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon to start the animation.
7.
The Animation Controls are in the panel next to the playback controls.
8.
With the animation running, use the bottom slider bar to adjust the speed of the
animation.
9.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon again to stop the animation.
Altair Engineering
663
In this tutorial, you will learn how to create JOINTS (Fixed, PTDCV), a PFBODY, a PRBODY, an
MBDCRV, and a multi-body dynamics subcase.
Model in HyperMesh
Altair Engineering
The flexible cable consists of 50 different CBAR elements (PFBODY) and the end of this flexible
body is connected to ground (GROUND) using fixed joints.
The Hook (PRBODY) is an external graphic and is connected to the flexible cable by the
PTDCV joint.
This exercise will show how to:
Load a model into HyperMesh
Create a PRBODY
Create a PFBODY
Create an MBDCRV
Create a component for JOINT
Create fixed joints
Create a PTDCV joint
Adding a displacement motion to the model
Create load collectors for GRAV and MBSIM
Create a multi-body dynamics subcase
Submit the job
Post-process the results in HyperView
Exercise
Step 1: Define the RADIOSS (Bulk Data) User Profile and retrieve the
finite element model
1.
Launch HyperMesh Desktop and select the R AD IO SS (B ulkD a ta ) in the User Profile
dialog.
User Profiles can also be accessed from the Preferences menu on the toolbar.
2.
3.
Select the flex_cable.hm file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under
<install_directory>/tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/.
4.
Click O pe n.
The flex_cable.hm database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session, replacing any
existing data.
Altair Engineering
665
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click pro ps under properties: and check the box for Hook.
6.
Click s e le ct.
7.
Under free nodes:, click no de s and select the option by id and enter node ID 14399.
8.
Click cre a te .
2.
3.
Click pro ps under properties: and check the box for Cable.
4.
Click s e le ct.
5.
Under free nodes:, click no de s and select the option by id and enter node IDs 1, 2
and e nte r.
6.
7.
For frequency upper bound: verify that uppe r bo und de fa ult is selected.
8.
9.
Click cre a te .
2.
Altair Engineering
3.
Under free nodes:, click no de s and select the option by id and enter node ID 14397,
14398 and e nte r.
4.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Select all the nodes in an orderly manner from the model which are connecting the CBAR
elements.
7.
8.
Click re turn.
2.
3.
4.
Click cre a te .
This creates the new component named joints.
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667
Click M e s h > C re a te > 1D E le m e nts > Jo ints to open the Joints panel.
First, the fixed joint between one end of the Cable and ground will be created.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click cre a te .
Next, the fixed joint between the other end of the cable and ground is created.
6.
7.
8.
Click cre a te .
2.
3.
4.
Click cre a te .
5.
Click re turn.
Altair Engineering
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click C re a te .
Input the values, as illustrated below.
6.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click C re a te
6.
7.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click on the e ntry field and select gra v ity from the list of load collectors.
Altair Engineering
669
6.
7.
Click on the e ntry field and select SIM from the list of load collectors.
8.
9.
2.
Click s a v e a s
Select the directory where you would like to write the RADIOSS model file and enter the
name for the model, flex_cable.fem, in the File name: field.
The .fem filename extension is the suggested extension for RADIOSS input decks.
4.
Click Sa v e .
Note that the name and location of the flex_cable.fem file displays in the input file:
field.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click R a dio s s .
This launches a RADIOSS run in a separate shell (DOS or UNIX) which appears.
The default files written to the directory are:
Altair Engineering
flex_cable.
html
flex_cable.
out
RADIOSS output file containing specific information on the file set up,
estimates for the amount of RAM and disk space required for the run,
and compute time information. Review this file for warnings and
errors.
flex_cable.
log
flex_cable.
xml
flex_cable.
h3d
flex_cable.
mrf
flex_cable.
stat
While in the Radioss panel of the Analysis page, click the green H y pe rVie w button.
Note: That the path and file name for flex_cable.h3d appears in the
fields to the right of Load model and Load results. This is fine
because the .h3d format contains both model and results data.
2.
3.
4.
Click Apply .
5.
6.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon to start the animation.
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671
7.
The Animation Controls are in the panel next to the playback controls.
8.
With the animation running, use the bottom slider bar to adjust the speed of the
animation.
9.
Click the Sta rt/ Pa us e Anim a tio n icon again to stop the animation.
Altair Engineering