Unit 1. Functions of a router.

Network characteristic(all this must come into

consideration)
- Reliability
.reliable ke tak?
- Topology
- Speed
- Cost
- Security
.what are the threats? Internal and external
.virus, trojan, worm
.dos attack
- Availability
- Scalability
.boleh tambah user.
Why routing?
- enable the interface
- behaviour of the router, it will recognize all
the network
- if the router wants to learn about their remote
network, it must used the routing protocol.
- Router used serial interface(WAN) because it
is different geografic location.
Routers choose best paths
- router uses routing protocol to construct a
routing table to route a routed procol.
- Eg routing protocol:

.static routing
.default routing
.dynamic routing rip, eigrp,ospf
- Determine the best path to send packets
.uses its routing table to determine path
- Forward packets toward their destination
.forwards packet to interface indicated in
routing table.
.encapsulates the packet and forwards out
toward destination.
- Routers uses static routes and dynamic
routing protocols to learn about remote
networks and build their routing tables.
Packet forwarding methods
- Process switching
- Fast switching
- Cisco express forwarding
Enable IP on a switch
- To manage ip
- Default switch is vlan1/vlan99
Configure an Ipv6 router interface
- Does not use subnetmask, only use prefix

Path determination

Best path:
- Is selected by a routing protocol based on the
value or metric it uses to determine the
distance to reach network.
- Metric is a criteria for the router to choose the
best path.
- Best path to a network is the path with the
lowest metric

Routing Information Protocol (RIP) hop count

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) cost based on
cumulative bandwith from source to destination.
Enhanced interior gateway routing protocol
(EIGRP)
-

Bandwith
Delay
Load
Reliability

Administrative distance(AD)
- Is the trustworthiness
- The lower the AD the more trustworthy the
route.

Route source
Connected
Static
Internal EIGRP
OSPF

AD
0
1
90
110

The routing table

Stored in ram that contains information about:
- directly connected routes
- remote routes
- network or next hop associations
floating static route
- are static route that are used to provide a
back up path to a primary static or dynamic
route.