ECONOMICAL AND ECO FRIENDLY

HOUSE
OBJECTIVE: To build a house that economically and eco-friendly.
IDEAS

Avoid building west facing house

Build a smaller house
Install solar panel
Rainwater Harvesting System
Tank less Water System
Eco Friendly Lighting
Efficient Landscaping
Use Sustainable Building Materials
Use low Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) paint to design the interior
Reduce, reuse and recycle
Proper Insulation
Programmable Thermostat
Put up infrared sensor in room
Solar stove

SCALE OF EVALUATION
V.poor
0
Low
high
Difficult
Maximum

Poor
1

Fair
2

Average
3
Effectiveness
cost
Implementation
Time

Good
4

Excellent
5
High
Low
Easy
Minimum

1. AVOID BUILDING WEST FACING HOUSE (score: 6)

2. BUILD A SMALLER HOUSE (score: 10)
V.poor
0

Poor
1

Fair
2

Average
3

Low
Effectiveness
high
cost

Difficult
Implementation
Maximum
Time
3. INSTALL SOLAR PANEL (score: 16)
V.poor
0

Poor
1

Fair
2

V.poor
0

Poor
1

Fair
2

V.poor
0
Low
high
Difficult
Maximum

Poor
1

Fair
2
Effectiveness
cost
Implementation
Time

Good
4

Average
3

Low
Effectiveness
high
cost
Difficult
Implementation
Maximum
Time
5. TANKLESS WATER HEATER (score: 9)

Excellent
5

Average
3

Low
Effectiveness
high
cost
Difficult
Implementation
Maximum
Time
4. RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM (score: 17)

Good
4

Good
4

Average
3

Good
4

High
Low
Easy
Minimum

Excellent
5

High
Low
Easy
Minimum
Excellent
5

High
Low

Easy
Minimum
Excellent
5
High
Low
Easy
Minimum

6. ECO FRIENDLY LIGHTING (score: 10)

V.poor
0

Poor
1

Fair
2

Average
3

Low
Effectiveness
high

cost
Difficult
Implementation
Maximum

Time
7. USE SUSTAINABLE BUILDING MATERIAL (score: 11)
V.poor
0

Poor
1

Fair
2

Average
3

Good
4

Excellent
5

Good
4

Excellent
5

High
Low
Easy
Minimum

Good
4

Excellent
5

Low
Effectiveness

high
cost
Difficult
Implementation

Maximum
Time
8. USE LOW VOC TO PAINT THE INTERIOR (score: 11)
V.poor
0

Poor
1

Fair
2

Low
Effectiveness
high

cost
Difficult
Implementation
Maximum
Time
9. REDUSE, REUSE AND RECYCLE (score: 12)
V.poor
0

Poor
1

Fair
2

Low
high
Difficult
Maximum
10. PROPER INSULATION (score: 4)

Low
high
Difficult
Maximum

V.poor
0

Poor
1

Effectiveness
cost
Implementation
Time

Good
4

Excellent
5
High
Low
Easy
Minimum

Average
3

Effectiveness
cost
Implementation
Time

High
Low
Easy
Minimum

Average
3

Fair
2

Average
3

High
Low
Easy
Minimum

Good
4

Excellent
5
High
Low
Easy
Minimum

11. PROGRAMMABLE THERMOSTAT (score: 10)

V.poor
0
Low
high
Difficult
Maximum

Poor
1

Fair
2

Average
3
Effectiveness
cost
Implementation
Time

Good
4

Excellent
5

Good
4

Excellent
5

High
Low

Easy
Minimum

High
Low
Easy
Minimum

12. PUT UP INFRARED SENSOR AT ROOM (score: 17)

V.poor
0

Poor
1

Fair
2

Low
high
Difficult
Maximum
13. SOLAR STOVE (score: 9)
V.poor
0

Poor
1

Average
3
Effectiveness
cost
Implementation
Time

Fair
2

Low
high
Difficult
Maximum

Poor
1

Fair
2

Average
3

Low
Effectiveness

high
cost
Difficult
Implementation

Maximum
Time
14. EFFICIENT LANDSCAPING (score:2}
V.poor
0

Excellent
5

Good
4

Excellent
5

High
Low
Easy
Minimum

Average
3
Effectiveness
cost
Implementation
Time

Good
4

High
Low
Easy
Minimum

ANALYSED IDEAS
1. Install solar panels
By installing solar panels in your house, it will help to reduce the cost by reducing
cost of your electrical bills.
It also utilizes energy of the nature which is more environmental friendly.
It will also reduce the usage of fossil fuels to generate electricity which is
indirectly will reduce the emission of carbon dioxide and other poisonous gas.

2. Rainwater Harvesting System

Installing the rainwater harvesting system will help to collect rainwater rather than
being wasted.
The collected rainwater can then be used for toilet purposes, planting purposes,
washing the car and cleaning the house.
3. Install infrared sensor in the house
Infrared sensor system will help to reduce the usage of electricity in your house.
The electricity will be only available when the infrared sensor system detects
movement inside the house.

INSTALL
SOLAR
Panel

INVESTMENT
Initial Investment: RM 10,000
Annual Cost of Operation: RM 1,000

Planning Horizon: 9 Years

Expected Annual Revenues:
RM 5,000 per annum for first three years
RM 4,000 per annum for the next three years
RM 3,000 per annum for the final three years.

INVESTMENT, YEARLY COST AND REVENUES

YEARS
COSTS
REVENUES

0
-10

1
-1
5

2
-1
5

3
-1
5

4
-1
4

5
-1
4

6
-1
4

7
-1
3

8
-1
3

9
-1
3

(All revenues and costs are in thousands of RM)

GROSS CASH FLOWS

-10
4

0
1
2

UNDISCOUNTED CASH FLOW BEFORE TAX

YEAR
CASH FLOW
CUMULATIVE

0
-10
-10

1
4
-6

2
4
-2

3
4
2

4
3
5

5
3
8

6
3
11

7
2
13

8
2
15

9
2
17

CASH FLOW
(All cash flows are in thousands of RM)
Net present value (NPV) = 17 (in thousands)
Payback Period = 2.55 Years

DISCOUNTED CASH FLOWS WITH INTEREST RATE

Discounted Cash Flows for Interest Rate = 10%1

Months
0
1
2
3
4
Cash Flow
-10,000 4,000
4,000
4,000 3,000
Discount
Factor
DCF
Cumulative
DCF

5
3,000

6
3,000

7
2,000

8
2,000

9
2,000

0.909

0.826

0.751

0.683

0.621

0.564

0.513

0.466

0.424

-10,000 3636
-10,000 -6364

3304
-3060

3004
-56

2049
1993

1863
3856

1692
5548

1539
7087

1398
8485

848
9333

5
3,000
0.402

6
3,000
0.335

7
2,000
0.279

8
2,000
0.233

9
2,000
0.194

1,206
1077

1005
2085

837
2919

466
3385

388
3773

Net Present Value (NPV) = 9333

Payback Period= 3.03 years
Discounted Cash Flows for Interest Rate = 20%2
Months
0
1
2
3
4
Cash Flow
-10,000 4,000
4,000
4,000 3,000
Discount
1
0.833
0.694
0.579 0.482
Factor
DCF
-10,000 3332
2776
2,316 1446
Cumulative
-10,000 -6668 -3892
-1575 -129
DCF
Net Present Value (NPV) = 3773
Payback Period=4.107 years

Discounted Cash Flows for Interest Rate = 25%3

Months
0
1
2
3
4
1

Cash Flow
Discount
Factor
DCF
Cumulative
DCF

-10,000 4,000
1
0.800

4,000
0.640

4,000
0.512

3,000
0.410

3,000
0.328

3,000
0.262

2,000
0.210

2,000
0.168

2,000
0.134

-10,000 3200
-10,000 -6800

2560
-4240

2048
-2192

1,230
-962

980
18

786
804

420.
1224

336
1560

268
1828

5
3,000
0.269

6
3,000
0.207

7
2,000
0.159

8
2,000
0.123

9
2,000
0.094

807
-919

621
-298

318
20

246
266

188
454

5
3,000
0.223

6
3,000
0.165

7
2,000
0.122

8
2,000
0.091

9
2,000
0.067

669
-1644

495
-1149

244
-905

182
-723

134
-589

Net Present Value (NPV) = 1828

Payback Period=4.98 years
Discounted Cash Flows for Interest Rate = 30%
Months
0
1
2
3
4
Cash Flow
-10,000 4.000
4,000
4,000 3,000
Discount
1
0.769
0.592
0.445 0.350
Factor
DCF
-10,000 3,076
2,368
1,780 1,050
Cumulative
-10,000 -6,924 -4556
-2776 -1726
DCF
Net Present Value (NPV) = 454
Payback Period=6.93 years
Discounted Cash Flows for Interest Rate = 35%
Months
0
1
2
3
4
Cash Flow
-10,000 4,000
4,000
4,000 3,000
Discount
1
0.741
0.549
0.406 0.301
Factor
DCF
-10,000 2964
2196
1624
903
Cumulative
-10,000 -7036 -4840
-3216 -2313
DCF
Net Present Value (NPV) = -589
Payback Period>9 years

INTERNAL RATE RETURN (IRR)

Internal Rate Return = 32.5%

PAYBACK PERIOD 0%

PAYBACK PERIOD 10%

PAYBACK PERIOD 20%

PAYBACK PERIOD 25%

PAYBACK PERIOD 30%

PAYBACK PERIOD 35%

TAX CONSIDERATION
CASH FLOW

-10
4

0
1
2

DEPRECIATION
STRAIGHT LINE
1.11
1.11
1.11
1.11
1.11
1.11
1.11
1.11
1.11

SUM OF DIGIT
10(9/45) = 2.00
10(8/45) = 1.78
10(7/45) = 1.56
10(6/45) = 1.33
10(5/45) = 1.11
10(4/45) = 0.89
10(3/45) = 0.67
10(2/45) = 0.44
10(1/45) = 0.22

DECLINING BALANCE
10(0.2) = 2.00
10(0.04) = 0.04
10(0.008) = 0.08
10(0.0016) = 0.016
10(0.00032) = 0.0032
10(0.000064) = 0.00064
10(0.0000128) = 0.000128
10(0.00000256) = 0.0000256
10(0.000000512) = 0.00000512

COMPUTATION OF AFTER TAX CASH FLOW

Year
Cash Flow
Depreciation
Taxable Income
Tax (30%)
After Tax Cash
Flow

1
4
1.11
2.89
0.87
3.13

2
4
1.11
2.89
0.87
3.13

3
4
1.11
2.89
0.87
3.13

4
3
1.11
1.89
0.57
2.43

5
3
1.11
1.89
0.57
2.43

6
3
1.11
1.89
0.57
2.43

7
2
1.11
0.89
0.27
1.73

8
2
1.11
0.89
0.27
1.73

9
2
1.11
0.89
0.27
1.73

(All cash flows are in thousands of RM)

UNDISCOUNTED AFTER TAX CASH FLOWS

Year
After Tax
Cash Flow
Cumulative
Cash Flow

0
-10

1
3.13

2
3.13

3
3.13

4
2.43

5
2.43

6
2.43

7
1.73

8
1.73

9
1.73

-10

-6.87

-3.74

-0.61

1.82

4.25

6.68

8.41 10.14

11.87

(All cash flows are in thousands of RM)

Net Present Value = 11.87 (in thousands)
Payback Period = 3.25 Years

AFTER TAX DISCOUNTED CASH FLOWS FOR INTEREST

RATE = 10%
Year
After Tax Cash
Flow
Discount Factor
Discounted
Cash Flow
(DCF)
Cumulative
Discounted
Cash Flow

0
-10

1
3.13

2
3.13

3
3.13

4
2.43

5
2.43

6
2.43

7
1.73

8
1.73

9
1.73

1
-10

0.909
2.85

0.826
2.59

0.751
2.35

0.683
1.66

0.621
1.51

0.564
1.37

0.513
0.89

0.467
0.81

0.424
0.73

-10

-7.15

-4.56

-2.21

-0.55

0.96

2.33

3.22

4.05

4.78

(All cash flows are in thousands of RM)

Net Present Value (NPV) = 4.78 (in thousands)
Payback Period = 4.30 years

AFTER TAX DISCOUNTED CASH FLOWS FOR INTEREST

RATE = 20%
Year
After Tax Cash
Flow
Discount Factor
Discounted Cash
Flow (DCF)
Cumulative
Discounted Cash
Flow

0
-10

1
3.13

2
3.13

3
3.13

4
2.43

5
2.43

6
2.43

7
1.73

8
1.73

9
1.73

1
-10

0.833
2.61

0.694
2.17

0.579
1.81

0.482
1.17

0.402
0.98

0.335
0.81

0.279
0.48

0.233
0.40

0.194
0.34

-10

-7.39

-5.22

-3.41

-1.26

-0.28

0.53

1.01

1.41

1.75

(All cash flows are in thousands of RM)

Net Payback Value (NPV) = 1.75 (in thousands)
Payback Period = 5.40 Years

AFTER TAX DISCOUNTED CASH FLOWS FOR INTEREST

RATE = 30 %
Year
After Tax
Cash Flow
Discount
Factor
Discounted
Cash Flow
(DCF)
Cumulative
Discounted
Cash Flow

0
-10

1
3.13

2
3.13

3
3.13

4
2.43

5
2.43

6
2.43

7
1.73

8
1.73

9
1.73

0.769

0.592

0.445

0.350

0.269

0.207

0.159

0.123

0.094

-10

2.41

1.85

1.39

0.85

0.65

0.50

0.28

0.21

0.16

-10

-7.59

-5.74

-4.35

-3.50

-2.85

-2.35

-2.07

-1.86

-1.70

(All cash flows are in thousands of RM)

Net Payback Value (NPV) = -1.70 (in thousands)
Payback Period = More than 9 Years

INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN

IRR=25%

PAYBACK PERIOD-0%

PAYBACK PERIOD-10%

PAYBACK PERIOD-20%

PAYBACK PERIOD-30%

BEFORE AND AFTER TAX CASH FLOWS

Before Tax
NPV
17,000
14,111
6,945
3,462

After Tax
Payback
2.55
2.3
3.9
3.7

Interest
0%
10%
20%
30%

Payback
3.25
4.30
5.40
>9.0

NPV
11,870
4,780
1,750
-1,700

Rainwater
harvesting
system

PROJECT: RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

-INITIAL INVESMENT: RM15000
-ANNUAL COST OPERATION: RM1000
-PLANING HORIZON OF 9 YEARS

-RM 6000 PER ANNUM FOR FIRST 3 YEARS

-RM 5000 PER ANNUM FOR SECOND 3 YEARS
-RM 4000 PER ANNUM FOR LAST 3 YEARS

INVESTMENT, YEARLY COSTS AND REVENUES

YEARS
COSTS
REVENU
ES

0
1500
0

1
1000
6000

2
-1000
6000

1000

1000

1000

1000

6000

5000

5000

5000

7
-1000

8
-1000

9
-1000

4000

4000

4000

GROSS CASH FLOWS

UNDISCOUNTED CASH FLOWS BEFORE TAX

YEARS
CASHS
FLOW
CUMULATIV

0
15000
-

1
5000
-

2
5000

3
5000

4
4000

4000

5
400
0
800

6
4000

7
3000

8
3000

9
3000

1200

1500

1800

2100

E
15000 1000
5000
CASH FLOW
0
(ALL CASH FLOWS ARE IN THOUSAND OF RM)

5
400
0
0.62
1
248
4
264
6

6
4000

7
3000

8
3000

9
3000

0.56
4
2256

0.51
3
1539

0.466
1398

0.42
4
1272

4902

6441

7839

9111

-NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) = 21000 (THOUSAND)

-PAYBACK PERIOD

= 3 YEARS

UNDISCOUNTED CASH FLOW BEFORE TAX = 10%

YEARS
CASH FLOW

0
15000
1

1
5000

2
5000

3
500
0
0.75
1
375
5

4
4000

DISCOUNT
0.909 0.826
0.68
FACTOR
3
DISCOUNTE
4545 4130
2732
D CASH
15000
FLOW(DCF)
CUMULATIV
-6325 162
E
15000 1045
257
DISCOUNTE
5
0
D CASH
FLOW
(ALL CASH FLOWS ARE IN THOUSAND OF RM)
-NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) = 9111 (THOUSAND)
-PAYBACK PERIOD

= 3.94 YEARS

DISCOUNTED CASH FLOWS FOR INTEREST RATE =20%

YEARS

CASH FLOW

15000

5000

5000

500
0

4000

400
0

4000

3000

3000

3000

0.833

0.694

0.57
9

0.48
2

0.40
2

0.33
5

0.27
9

0.233

0.19
4

DISCOUNTE
D CASH
FLOW(DCF)

15000

4165

3470

289
5

1928

160
8

1340

837

699

582

CUMULATIV
E
DISCOUNTE
D CASH
FLOW

15000

1083
5

-7365

447
0

2542

-934

406

1243

1942

2524

DISCOUNT
FACTOR

(ALL CASH FLOWS ARE IN THOUSAND OF RM)

-NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) = 2524 (THOUSAND)
-PAYBACK PERIOD

=5.70 YEARS

DISCOUNTED CASH FLOWS FOR INTEREST RATE = 25%

YEARS

CASH FLOW

15000

5000

5000

500
0

4000

4000

4000

3000

3000

3000

DISCOUNT
FACTOR

0.800

0.640

0.51
2

0.41
0

0.32
8

0.26
2

0.21
0

0.16
8

0.13
4

DISCOUNTE
D CASH
FLOW(DCF)

15000

4000

3200

256
0

1640

1312

1048

630

504

402

CUMULATIV
E
DISCOUNTE
D CASH
FLOW

15000

1100
0

-7800

524
0

3600

2288

1240

-610

-106

296

(ALL CASH FLOWS ARE IN THOUSAND OF RM)

-NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) =296 (HUNDRED)
-PAYBACK PERIOD

=8.26

DISCOUNTED CASH FLOW FOR INTEREST RATE = 30%

YEARS

CASH FLOW

15000

5000

5000

500
0

4000

4000

4000

3000

3000

3000

DISCOUNT
FACTOR

0.769

0.592

0.44
5

0.35
0

0.26
9

0.20
7

0.15
9

0.12
3

0.09
4

DISCOUNTE
D CASH
FLOW(DCF)

15000

3845

2960

222
5

1400

1076

828

477

369

282

CUMULATIV
E
DISCOUNTE
D CASH
FLOW

15000

1115
5

-8195

597
0

4570

3494

2666

2189

1820

1538

(ALL CASH FLOWS ARE IN THOUSAND OF RM)

-NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) = -1538 (THOUSAND)
-PAYBACK PERIOD

= >9 YEARS

DISCOUNTED CASH FLOW FOR INTEREST RATE = 35%

YEARS

CASH FLOW

15000

5000

5000

500
0

4000

4000

4000

3000

3000

3000

DISCOUNT
FACTOR

0.741

0.549

0.40
6

0.30
1

0.22
3

0.16
5

0.12
2

0.09
1

0.06
7

DISCOUNTE
D CASH
FLOW(DCF)

15000

3705

2745

203
0

1204

892

660

366

273

201

CUMULATIV
E
DISCOUNTE
D CASH
FLOW

15000

1129
5

-8550

652
0

5316

4424

3764

3398

3125

2924

(ALL CASH FLOWS ARE IN THOUSAND OF RM)

-NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) = -2924 (THOUSEND)
-PAYBACK PERIOD

= >9 YEARS

INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN (IRR)

-GROSS CASH FLOWS

PAYBACK PERIOD
%
PAYBA
CK
PERIO
D

0%
3

10%
3.49

20%
5.70

25%
8.26

30%
>9

35%
>9

PAYBACK PERIOD FOR 0 %

PAYBACK PERIOD FOR 10 %

PAYBACK PERIOD FOR 20 %

PAYBACK PERIOD FOR 25 %

PAYBACK PERIOD FOR 30 %

PAYBACK PERIOD FOR 35 %

Computation of After Tax Cash Flows

Year

Cash Flow a

Depreciati b
1.667
on
Taxable
C a-b 4.333
Income
Tax (30%) d tax*
1.3
c
After Tax E a-d 4.7
Cash Flow

1.66
7
4.33
3
1.3

1.667

1.667

1.66
7
3.33
3
1

1.667

1.3

1.66
7
3.33
3
1

0.7

1.66
7
2.33
3
0.7

1.66
7
2.33
3
0.7

4.7

4.7

3.3

3.3

3.3

4.333

3.333

2.333

(All cash flows are in thousands of RM)

Year
After Tax
Cash Flow
Discount
Factor
Discounte
d
Cash
Flow
Cumulativ
e
discounted
Cash Flow

0
-15

1
4.7

2
4.7

3
4.7

4
4

5
4

6
4

7
3.3

8
3.3

9
3.3

0.909

0.826

0.751

0.631

0.621

0.564

-15

4.272

3.882

3.53

2.524

2.484

2.256

0.51
3
1.69
3

0.46
6
1.53
8

0.42
4
1.39
9

-15

10.72
8

-6.846 -3.316 -0.792 1.692

3.948

5.64
1

7.17
9

8.57
8

After Tax Discounted Cash Flows for Interest

Rate = 10%
(All cash flows are in thousands of RM)

Net present value (NPV)= 8.578

Payback Period 4.319 years

Cash Flow

Depreciation
Stra 1.667
ight
line
Sum 15(9/4
of
5)=3
digit
Decl
inin
g
bala

15(0.2)
=3

1.667

1.66
7

1.66
7

15(8/
15(7/ 15(6/
45)=2 45)= 45)=
.667
2.33 2
3
15(0.
15(0. 15(0.
04)=0 008) 0016
.6
=0.1 )=0.
2
024

1.667

1.667

1.667

1.667

1.667

15(5/4
5)=1.6
67

15(4/45)
=1.333

15(3/45)
=1

15(2/45)
=0.667

14(1,45)
=0.333

15(0.000
00256)=
0.000038
4

15(0.000
000512)=
0.000007
68

15(0.0 15(0.000 15(0.0000

0032)= 064=0.00 128)=0.00
0.0048 096
0192

nce

Undiscounted After Tax Cash Flows

Year
After Tax
Cash
Flow
Cumulati
ve Cash
Flow
(All

0
-15

1
4.7

2
4.7

3
4.7

4
4

5
4

6
4

7
3.3

8
3.3

9
3.3

-15

-10.3

-5.6

-0.9

3.1

7.1

11.1

14.
4

17.
7

21

cash flows are in thousands of RM)

Net present value (NPV) = 21

Payback period =3.225 years

After Tax Discounted Cash Flows for

Interest Rate =20%
Year

After Tax
Cash
Flow
Discount
Factor
Discount
ed Cash
Flow
Cumulati
ve

-15

4.7

4.7

4.7

3.3

3.3

3.3

0.833

0.694

0.579

0.482

0.402

-15

3.915

3.262

2.721

1.928

1.608

0.33
5
1.34

0.27
9
0.92
1

0.23 0.194
3
0.76 0.640
9

-15

11.085

-7.823

-5.102

-3.174 1.566

0.22

0.69 1.46 2.104

5
4

Discount
ed Cash
Flow

6
(All cash flows are in thousands of RM)

Net present value (NPV) = 2.104

Payback period =6.25years

After Tax Discounted Cash Flows for Interest

Rate = 30%
Year
0
1
2
After Tax -15
4.7
4.7
Cash
Flow
Discount 1
0.769
0.592
Factor
Discount -15
3.614
2.782
ed Cash
Flow
Cumulati -15
-8.604
ve
11.386
Discount
ed Cash
Flows
(All cash flows are in thousands

3
4.7

4
4

5
4

6
4

7
3.3

8
3.3

9
3.3

0.445

0.350

0.269

0.207

0.159

0.123

0.094

2.092

1.4

1.076

0.828

0.525

0.406

0.310

-6.512

-5.112

-4.036

-3.208

-2.683 -2.277 -1.967

of RM)

Net present value(NPV) = -1.967

Payback period >9

Payback Period

Payback
period

0%

10%

20%

30%

3.225

4.39

6.25

>9

Internal Rate of Return

Net Cash Flows

Before and After Tax Cash Flows

Before Tax
NPV
Payback

Interest
0
10
20
30

After Tax
Payback
NPV

Infrared
sensor
system

Process Plan Of Solar Panel System

Process
Duration (day)
Planning
4
Listing
3
Survey
5
Measuring
9
Cutting
8
Installation
10
Soldering
5
Wiring
8
Cleaning
2
Material
Overhead
Total
54
Total Investment= RM 10000

Man Power (people)

2
2
4
8
10
6
5
6
2

Cost (RM)
200
100
200
700
1500
2000
500
1000
400
3000
400
10000

Process Plan Of Rainwater Harvesting System

Process
Planning
Listing
Survey
Measuring
Cutting
Digging
Leveling
Installation
Piping
Cleaning
Material
Overhead
Total

Duration (day)
3
2
6
10
12
15
13
8
9
14

Total Investment = RM 15000

92

Man Power (people)

3
2
4
7
9
12
10
11
10
5

Cost (RM)
300
200
300
800
2500
1500
1700
2000
1500
900
3000
300
15000

Process Plan For Infrared Sensor System

Process
Planning
Listing
Survey
Screening
Buying
Check Material
Measuring
Cutting
Assembling
Soldering
Wiring
Checking
Testing
Cleaning
Overhead
Total

Duration(day)
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Total Investment = RM 1000

16

Man Power (people)

1
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
3
4
3
1
1
1

Cost (RM)
40
30
20
30
250
50
40
40
100
120
110
20
40
30
80
1000

AON network
1

6
1. Planning

10. Soldering

2. Listing

11. Wiring

3. Survey
4. Screening
5. Buying
6. Check
material

12
13
14

10
11

12. Checking

13. Testing
14. Cleaning

9 7. Measuring 8
8. Cutting
9. Assembling

BI
L

ACTIVITY

PREDECSSOR

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

PLANNING
LISTING
SURVEY
SCREENING
BUYING
CHECK MATERIAL
MEASURING
CUTTING
ASSEMBLING
SOLDERING
WIRING
CHECKING
TESTING
CLEANING

1
1,2
2,3
4
5
6
7
8
9
9
10,11
12
13

ES/EF

7
1

3
3

9
1

7
2

1
3

1
2
1

11

1
1
3

1
5

1
0

1
1

1
4

1
2
1

1
0

9
1

1
0

8
1
1

9
2

1
1

AON CRITICAL

7
1

3
3

9
1

7
2

1
3

1
2
1

1
5

1
3
1

1
6

1
5

1
1

1
0
3

1
4

1
0

9
1

1
1

1
0

8
2

1
1

GANTT CHART

CONCLUSIO
N
The activity that takes place in the critical pathway in the project
of infrared sensor is planning, listing, survey, screening, buying,
check material, measuring, cutting, assembling, soldering,
wiring, checking and cleaning. Which have the most process
involve in the pathway by 13 processes are involve. Only testing
process are exclude from the critical pathway.