Name __________________________________

Date ___

Chapter 5: Electrons in Atoms

5.1 The Development of Atomic Models

Rutherfords atomic model could not explain the chemical properties of elements.

The timeline shows the development of atomic models from 1803 to 1911.

The Bohr Model

What was the new proposal in the Bohr model of the atom?
Bohr proposed that __________is found only in specific circular paths, or orbits,
around the nucleus. ___________________________.

Each possible electron orbit in Bohrs model has a fixed energy.

The fixed energies an electron can have are called ___________.

A ________of energy is the amount of energy required to move an electron from
one energy level to another energy level.

Like the rungs of the strange ladder, the energy levels in an atom are not equally
spaced.
The _______ the energy level occupied by an electron, the __________ it takes to
move from that energy level to the next higher energy level.

The Quantum Mechanical Model

What does the quantum mechanical model determine about the electrons in
an atom?
The quantum mechanical model determines the ______ of an electron and its
___________________________.
Austrian physicist Erwin Schrdinger (18871961) used new theoretical calculations
describing the behavior of the electron in a hydrogen atom.
The modern description of the electrons in atoms, the
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________.
The propeller blade has the same probability of being anywhere in the blurry region,
but you cannot tell its location at any instant. The electron cloud of an atom can be
compared to a spinning airplane propeller.

In the quantum mechanical model, the probability of finding an electron surrounding the
nucleus can be represented as a fuzzy cloud. The cloud is __________ where the chance
of finding the electron is _____.
Atomic Orbitals
How do sublevels of principal energy levels differ?
An ______________ (electron cloud) is often thought of as a region of space in
which there is a ______________ of finding an electron.

Each ______________ relates to an orbital of a _______________, which

describes where the electron is likely to be found.

Different atomic orbitals are represented by letters. The _________

are __________, and _________ are ________________.

 Four of the five ____________ have the same shape but different directions in
space.

The numbers and ________of atomic _________ depend on the

______________.

The number of electrons allowed in each of the first four energy levels are shown here.

Section 5.2 Electron Configurations

Electron Configurations
What are the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements?
The ways in which electrons are arranged in the orbitals of atoms are called
____________________.
Three rulesthe ____________, the ____________________, and
______________tell you how to find the electron configurations of atoms.
Aufbau Principle
According to the aufbau principle, electrons occupy the _______________
energy first. In the aufbau diagram below, each box represents an atomic
orbital.

Pauli Exclusion Principle

According to the Pauli exclusion principle, an orbital may hold ___________________. To
occupy the same orbital, two electrons must have
__________________________________________.
Hunds Rule
Hunds rule states that electrons _______________ of the same energy
______________________________________Then, electrons begin to pair up.
Orbital Filling Diagram

P:__________________

Exceptional Electron Configurations

Why do actual electron configurations for some elements not follow the aufbau
principle?

Some actual electron configurations dont follow the aufbau principle because
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.

___________has an electron configuration that is an exception to the aufbau principle.

The others are _________________________________