RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
Symbols, Formulas, and Equations.
1. Write a net ionic equation for the reaction between solutions of :
a. Nitric acid and lithium hydroxide
b. Ammonia and hydrogen iodide
c. Hydrogen fluoride and potassium cyanide
d. Calcium hydroxide and nitrous acid, HNO2
Answer:
a

HNO3 (aq) + LiOH(aq)

LiNO3(aq) + H2O (l)

H+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + Li+(aq) + OH-(aq)

Net ion: H+(aq) + OH-(aq)
b

NH3(g) + HI(aq)

H2O (l)
NH4I(aq)

NH3(g) + H+(aq) + I- (aq)

NH4+(aq) + I-(aq)

Net ion: NH3(g) + H+(aq)

c

NO3-(aq) + Li+(aq) + H2O (l)

HF(aq) + KCN (aq)

NH4+(aq)
HCN (aq) + KF(aq)

H+(aq) + F-(aq) + K+(aq) + CN-(aq)

H+(aq) + CN-(aq) + K+(aq) + F-(aq)

Net ion : - (terionisasi sempurna)

d

Ca(OH)2(aq) + HNO2(aq)

Ca(NO)2 + 2H2O(l)

Ca2+(aq)+ 2OH-(aq) + 2H+(aq) + 2NO2--(aq)

Net ion: 2OH-(aq) + 2H+(aq)

2 H2O(l) + Ca2+(aq+2NO(aq)

2 H2O(l)

2. Follow the directions of question 1 for

a HCN and sodium hydroxide
b NaClO and hydrochloric acid
c Ammonium Chloride and Potassium Hydroxide
d Methylamine, CH3NH2, and Hypochlorus acid, HClO
Answer:
a

HCN (aq) + NaOH (aq)

H2O(l) + NaCN(aq)

H+(aq) + CN- (aq) + Na+(aq) + OH-(aq)

Net ion: H+(aq) + OH- (aq)

H2O(l)

H2O(l) + Na+(aq) + CN-(aq)

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)

NaClO (aq) + HCl (aq)

NaCl(aq) + HClO(aq)

Na+(aq) + ClO- (aq) + H+(aq) + Cl- (aq)

Na+(aq) +Cl- (aq)+ H+(aq)+ ClO- (aq)

Net ion: - (terionisasi sempurna)

c

NH4Cl (aq) + KOH(aq)

NH4OH (aq) + KCl(aq)

NH4+(aq) + Cl- (aq) + K+(aq)+ OH-(aq)

NH4+(aq) + OH--(aq) + K+(aq)+Cl- (aq)

Net ion: - (terionisasi sempurna)

d

CH3NH2 (aq) + HClO (aq)

CH3ClO (aq) + NH3(g)

CH3+(aq) + NH2-(aq) + H+(aq) + ClO- (aq)

Net ion: NH2-(aq) + H+(aq)

CH3+(aq) + ClO- (aq) + NH3(g)

NH3(g)

3. Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of each of the following
aqueous solutions with H+ ions.
a Sodium formate (NaCHO2)
b Calcium hydroxide
c Ammonia
Answer:
a

NaCHO2(aq) + H+(aq)

Na+(aq) + CHO2H(aq)

Na+(aq) + CHO2-(aq) + H+(aq)

Na+(aq) + CHO2-(aq) + H+(aq)

Net ion: - (terionisasi sempurna)

b

Ca(OH)2 + 2H+(aq)

Ca2+(aq) + 2H2O(l)

Ca2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + 2H+(aq)

Ca2+(aq) + 2H2O(l)

Net ion: 2OH-(aq) + 2H+(aq)

2 H2O(l)

NH3(g) + H+(aq)

NH4+(aq)

4. Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of each of the following
aqueous solutions with H+ ions.
a. Cesium Hydroxide
b. Potassium Cyanide
c. Aniline, C6H5NH2
Answer:

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
a. CsOH(aq) + H+(aq)
Cs+(aq) + H2O(l)
Cs+(aq) + OH-(aq) + H+(aq)
Cs+(aq) + H2O(l)
Net ion: OH-(aq) + H+(aq)
H2O(l)
b.

KCN (aq) + H+(aq)

K+(aq) + HCN (aq)
K+(aq) + CN-(aq) + H+(aq)
K+(aq) + CN-(aq) + H+(aq)
Net ion : - (terionisasi sempurna)

c. C6H5NH2 (aq) + H+(aq)

C6H5NH3+ (aq)

Acid-Base Reaction and Titrations

5. Calculate K for the reactions given in question 1
Answer:
+
H

OH
a. Kc =

[ produk ] 1
=
[ reaktan ]

b. Kc =

NH

+
H

[ produk ]
=
[ reaktan ]

c. Kc =

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)

d. Kc =

2 OH

+
2 H

[ produk] [2 H 2 O]
=

[reaktan]

6. Calculate K for the reactions given in question 2

OH

+
H
a. Kc =

[ produk ] [ H 2 O ]
=
[ reaktan ]
b. Kc = c. Kc = -

d. Kc =

+
H

[ NH 2 ]
[ produk] [ NH 3]
=
[reaktan]

7. Calculate K for the reactions given in question 3

a. Kc = -

b. Kc =

2 OH

+
2 H

[ produk ] [ 2 H 2 O ]
=
[ reaktan ]

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)

c. Kc =

NH

+
H

[ produk]
=
[reaktan]

8. Calculate K for the reactions given in question 4

OH

a. Kc = +

b. Kc = -

C 6 H 5 NH 3

H
c. Kc=

+
[ C6 H 5 NH 2 ]

9. Given three acid-base indicators : methyl orange (end point at pH 4)

bomothymol blue (end point at pH 7), and phenolphthalein (end point at pH 9)
which would you select for the following acid-base titrations ?
a. Ionic acid with sodium hydroxide
b. Ethylamine, C2H5NH2, with hydrochloric acid
c. Sodium acetate with hydrochloric acid
d. Perchloric acid with lithium hydroxide
Answer:
Metil orange pH=4

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
Bromtimol biru pH=7
Fenolftalein pH=9
a. HCOOH (aq) + NaOH (aq)
(asam lemah)

(basa kuat)

HCOONa (aq) + H2O (l)

(garam basa)

Digunakan indikator Fenolftalein karena pH>7

b. C2H5NH2 (aq)

(basa lemah)

HCl (aq)
(asam kuat)

C2H5NHCl (aq)

+ H2 (g)

(garam asam)

Digunakan indikator metil orange karena pH<7

c. CH3COONa (aq) +
(garam basa)

HCl(aq)

CH3COOH(aq) + HCl (aq)

(asam kuat)

(asam)

Digunakan indikator metil orange karena pH<7

d. HClO4 (aq)
(asam kuat)

LiOH (aq)

LiClO4

(basa kuat)

(garam netral)

(aq)

+ H2O (l)

Digunakan indikator bromtimol biru karena pH=7

10. Given the acid-base indicators in question 9, select a suitable indicator for the
following titrations.
a Sulfuric acid with potassium hydroxide
b Ammonia with hydrobromic acid
c Hydrogen cyanide with barium hydroxide
d Sodium nitrite with hydroiodic acid
Answer:
a H2SO4 (aq) + KOH (aq)
(asam kuat) (basa kuat) = garam netral (bromtimol biru)
b NH3 (g) + HBr (aq)
(basa lemah) (asam kuat) = garam asam (metil orange)
c

NH3 (g) + HBr (aq)

(basa lemah) (asam kuat) = garam asam (metil orange)

d
e

HCN(aq) + Ba(OH)2 (aq)

(asam lemah) (basa kuat) = garam basa (fernolftalein)
NaNO3 (aq) + HI (aq)
(garam netral) (asam) = garam asam (metil orange)

11. 35.00 mL of 0.2500 M sodium hydroxide is titrated with 0.4375 M HCl.

Calculate the pH of the resulting solution (assuming volumes are additive)
when the following amounts of acid are added.

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
a. 10.00 mL
b. 20.00 mL
c. 30.00 mL
Answer:
a

NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq)

NaCl(aq) + H2O (l)

m: 8,75

4,375

b: 4,375

4,375

4,375

4,375

s: 4,375

4,375

4,375

4,375
45

M=

= 0,1

[OH-] = 1 x 10-1
pOH= 1
pH= 14-1= 13
b

NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq)

NaCl(aq) + H2O (l)

m: 8,75

8,75

b: 8,75

8,75

8,75

8,75

8,75

8,75

s: -

pH= 7

NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq)

NaCl(aq) + H2O (l)

m: 8,75

13,125

b: 8,75

8,75

8,75

8,75

s: 4,375

8,75

8,75

8. 75

M=

4,375
35+ 30

= 0,067=6,7 x 10-2

[H+] = a x M =1 x 6,7 x 10-2

pH = 2 - log 6,7
= 2 0,83
= 1,17

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)

12. 75.00 mL of 0.1350 M perchloric acid is titrated with 0.3375 M KOH.

Calculate the pH of the resulting solution (assuming volumes are additive)
when the following amounts of acid are added.
a. 10.00 mL
b. 20.00 mL
c. 30.00 mL
Answer:
a

HClO4 (aq) + KOH(aq)

KClO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
m: 10,125
3,375
b: 3,375
3,375
3,375
3,375
s: 6,75
3,375
3,375
6,75
-2
[H+]= M=
85 = 0,08= 8x10
pH= 2- log 8
= 2 0,90
= 1,1

HClO4 (aq) + KOH(aq)

KClO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
m: 10,125
6,75
b: 6,75
6,75
6,75
6,75
s: 3,375
6,75
6,75
3,375
[H+]= M= 75+ 20 = 0,035= 3,5x10-2
pH= 2- log 3,5
= 2 0,54 = 1,46

HClO4 (aq) + KOH(aq)

m: 10,125
10,125
b: 10,125
10,125
s: pH= 7

KClO4 (aq) + H2O (l)

10,125
10,125
10,125
10,125

13. Consider the titration of HNO2 with KOH.

a. What species are present at the equivalence point?
b. Is the solution acidic, basic, or neutral at the equivalence point ?
Answer:
a. HNO2(aq) + KOH (aq)
KNO2 (aq) + H2O(l)
(garam basa)

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
spesi titik equivalen
b. Basa
14. Consider the titration of ammonia with HCl.
a. What species are present at the equivalence point?
b. Is the solution acidic, basic, or neutral at the equivalence point?
Answer:
a. NH3 (g) + HCl (aq)

NH 4Cl(aq)
(garam asam)
spesi titik equivalen

b. Asam
15. Twenty-five mL of 0.100 M formic acid, HCHO2, is titrated with KOH.
a. What is the pH of the formic acid solution before titration starts?
b. How many moles of KOH are required to react with the formic acid ?
c. Write the net ionic equation for the reaction
d. If the total volume at the equivalence point is 41.7, what is the pH of the
solution at this point?
Answer:
a. [H+] =

Ka. M = 1,8 x 104 x 101

pH = 6 log

18 x 101 x 104 x 101

18 x 106

18 = 6 0,63 = 5,37

b. mol KOH = mol HCOOH

= 0,1 x 25 ml
= 2,5 mmol
= 2,5x10-3 mol
c. HCOOH(aq) + KOH(aq)
HCOOK(aq) + H2O(l)
HCOO-(aq) + H+ (aq) + K+(aq)+ OH-(aq)
HCOO-(aq)+ K+ (aq)+ H2O(l)
Net Ion: H+(aq)+ OH-(aq)
H2O(l)
d. Volume = 41,7 ml

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
Volume KOH= 41,7-25=16,7 ml
3
2,5. 10
M=
= 0,15x10-3= 1,5x10-4
16,7

[OH-] = b . M = 1 . 1,5x10-4 = 1,5x10-4

pOH = 4 log 1,5
pH = 14 (4 log 1,5)
= 10 + log 1,5
= 10, 18
16. Thirty mL of 0.100 M acetic acid, HC2H3O2, is titrated with NaOH.
a. What is the pH of the acetic acid solution before titration ?
b. How many moles of NaOH are required to react with the acetic acid ?
c. Write the net ionic equation for the reaction
d. If the total volume at the equivalence point is 45.00 mL, what is the pH
of the solutions ?
Answer:
Ka asam asetat : 1,8x10-5
30 ml 0,1 M CH3COOH + NaOH
a.

+
H

1,8 x 105 x 101

1,8 x 106

=
pH

Ka x M

=
=
=
=
=

1,34x10-3
+
-log H

-log (1,34x10-3)
3 - log1,34
3 0,13
2,87

b. Mol NaOH =
=
=
=
=

Mol CH3COOH
MxV
0,1 M x 30 ml
3 mmol
3 x 10-3

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
c. CH3COOH(aq) + NaOH(aq)
H2O(l)
CH3COO-(aq) + H+(aq) + Na+(aq) + OH-(aq)
Na+(aq) + H2O(l)
H+(aq) + OH-(aq)

Ka
OH
xM
d.
=
Kw

CH3COONA(aq)

CH3COO-(aq) +

H2O(l)

1014
x 6,7 x 105
5
1,8 x 10
6,7 x 1019
1,8 x 105

3,72 x 1014

pOH =

7 log

3,2

pH

14 (7 log

7 + log

7 + 0,25

7,25

3,2 )

3,2

Buffers
17. Calculate [H+] and pH in a solution which [NH4+] is 0.20 M and [NH3] is
a. 0.50 M
b. 0.20 M
c. 0.10 M
d. 0.010 M
Answer :
[NH4+] 0,2 M dan NH3 :
c. 0,1

a. 0,5 M
[OH-]

Kb.

mol BL
mol Ak
-5

1,8 x 10 .

0,5
0,2

mol BL
mol Ak

[OH ]

Kb.

[OH-]

1,8 X 10-5.

0,1
0,2

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
6

9 x 10
2 x 101

1,8 X 10
2 X 101

4,5 x 10-5

9 x10-1 x10-5

pOH

5 log 4,5

9 x 10-6

pH

14 (5 log 4,5)

pOH

6 log 9

9 + log 4,5

pH

14 (6 log 9)

9 + log 0,65

8 + log 9

9,65

8 + 0,95

8,95

[OH-]

Kb.

[OH-]

1,8 x 10-5.

b. 0,2 M
[OH-]

Kb.

mol BL
mol Ak

[OH-]

1,8 X 10-5

pOH

5 log 1,8

pH

14 (5 log 1,8)

9 + log 1,8

9 + 0,26

9,26

d. 0,01 M

mol BL
mol Ak
0,1
0,2

1,8 x 107
2 x 101

9 x 10-1 x 10-6

9 x 10-7

pOH

7 log 9

pH

14 (7 log 9)

7 + log 9

7 + log 0,95

7,95

18. Calculate [OH-] and pH in a solution which [HClO] is 0.25 M and [ClO-] is
a. 0.50 M
b. 0.25 M
c. 0.050 M
d. 0.010 M

Answer :
a. [H+]

mol AL
= ka . mol BK
= 2,9x

c. [H+]

= ka x

mol AL
mol Bk

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
0,25
0,5

8 x

10

= 2,9 x

=
2
8 25 x 10
10 x
1
5 x 10

2,9x

= 14,5 x 10
pH

= 9 log 14,5
= 9 1,16
= 7,84

b. [H ]

= ka x
=
0,25
10
0,25

525 x 10
10
2
5 x 10
8

9
=14,5 x 10

pH

d. [H+]

2,9

= 8 log 14,5
= 8 1,16
= 6,84
mol AL
= Ka x mol BK
= 2,9 x

mol AL
mol BK

108

= 2,9 x 10

=
2,9
2
8 25 x 10
10
2
1 x 10

= 72,5 x 10

pH
= 8 log 72,5
= 8 log 2,9
= 8 log 1,86
= 8 0,46
= 6,14
= 7,54
19. A solution is prepared by dissolving 0.020 mol of sodium nitrate, NaNO2, in
250.0 mL of 0.040 M nitrous acid. Calculate the pH of this buffer.
pH

Answer :
= 0,04 x 250
3

= 1 x 10
Mol BK

mol

= 0,02
2
= 2 x 10

[H+]

mol AL
= Ka . mol Bk
3

1 x 10
= 7,2 x 10 2 x 102
4

0,25
0,01

Mol AL

0,25
0,05

= 2,9x

72,5 x 1010
5 x 101

10

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
7

7,2 x 10
2 x 102

= 3,6 x 10
pH

= 5 log 3,6
= 5 0,56
= 4,44

20. A solution is prepared by dissolving 0.050 mol of potassium fluoride, in 150.0

mL of 0.0275 M hydrogen fluoride. Calculate the pH of this buffer.
Answer:
mol AL
[H+]
= ka x mol BK
4

= 6,6 x 10 x
=

4,125 x 103
5 x 102

27,225 x 107
5 x 102

5
= 5,445 x 10

pH

= 5 log 5,445
= 5 0,74
= 4,26
23. To make a buffer using HCHO2 and CHO2- in which the desired pH is 3.00 :
a. What must be the r atio [HCHO2 ] / [CHO2- ] ?
b. How many moles of HCHO2 must be added to a liter of 0.200 M
NaCHO2 to give this pH ?
c. How many grams of NaCHO2 must be added to a liter of 0.100 M
HCHO2 to give this pH ?
Answer:
HCOOH + CHO2pH = 3
Ka = 1,8x10-4
+
H = 10-3
a. pH = 3

+
H

= Ka x

CHO2
mol HCOOH

b. mol HCOONa
mol HCOOH
0,2

= 0,2 x 1
= 0,2 mol
=

50
9
9 mol HCOOH

= 10

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
3

10

= 1,8x10-4 x

mol HCOOH

CHO 2
mol HCOOH

CHO
2
mol HCOOH

CHO
2
mol HCOOH

0,1
mol HCOONa

103
1,8 x 104

0,9

10
18 x 105

100
18

50
9

CHO 2
mol HCOOH

= 1,11 mol
= 0,1 x 1
= 0,1 mol
50
= 9

c. mol HCOOH

CHO 2
mol HCOOH

mol HCOONa

= 50 mol HCOONa
0,9
= 50

= 0,018 mol
Mr HCOONa
= 68 gr/mol
massa HCOONa = mol x Mr
= 0,018mol x
68gr/mol
= 1,224 gr

24. A NaHCO3-Na2CO3 buffer is to be prepared with a pH of 10.00.

a. What must be the ratio [HCO3-] / [CO32- ] ?
b. What volume of 10.00 M NaHCO3 should be added to a liter of 1.00 M
NaHCO3 to form this buffer ?
Answer:
NaHCO3 Na2CO3
pH

= 10

pOH

= 14 10
=4

OH

a.

= 10-4

OH

104

mol CO32
HCO
3
= Kb x mol

11
= 4,7 x 10

10
9

mol CO32
HCO
3
x mol

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
2

mol CO3
HCO
mol 3

104
47 x 1012

10 8
47

1 xV
1 x1

V
1

mol CO3
HCO
mol 3

10
47

b.

10
47
47V
V

= 108
8
10
= 47 L

25. If a buffer solution is made of 15.00 g sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2) and 12.50 g
acetic acid (HC2H3O2) in 5.00 x 102 mL, what is the pH of the buffer? If the
buffer is diluted to 1.50 L, what is the pH of the diluted buffer?
Answer :
Mol CH3COOH =

massa
Mr

12,5 gr
60 gr /mol

= 0,21 mol
Mr CH3COOH

= 60 gr/mol

Mol CH3COONa =

massa
Mr

15 gr
82 gr /mol

= 0,18 mol
Mr C3COONa

= 82 gr/mol

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
mol L
mol garam

H = Ka x

= 1,8 x 10-5.

0,21
0,18
21 x 102
2
18 x 10

= 1,8 x 10-5

37,8 x 10
18

= 2,1 x 10-5
pH= 5 log 2,1
= 5 0,32
= 4,68
26. A buffer soliution is prepared by adding 5.50 g of ammonium chloride to
150.00 mL of 0.125 M ammonia. What is the pH of the solution? If the buffer
is diluted with water to a final volume of 2.00 L, what is the pH of diluted
buffer?
Answer :
MolNH3 = MNH3 x V
= 0,125 x 150 ml
= 18,75mmol
2
= 1,8 x 10 mol
-

[OH ]

10

= 5,8 x 10
=

1,8 x 102
101

10,44 x 1012
101

11
= 10,44 x 10

pOH
pH

= 11 log 10,44
= 14 (11 log 10,44)
= 3 + log 10,44
= 3 + 1.02
= 4,02

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)

27. How many grams of ammonium nitrate added to 250.0 mL of 0.150 M

ammonia to produce a buffer with pH 9.00 ?
Answer :
mol BL
[OH-]
= Kb x garam
10
= 5,8 x 10

10

37,5 x 103
x

217,5 x 1013
105

8
= 217,5 x 10
2
8
= 2,175 x 10 x 10
6
= 2,175 x 10

massa
6
= 2,175 x 10 mol
mr
6
= 2,175 x 10
x 80

Massa

= 174 x 10

gr

28. It is desired to convert 250.0 mL of white vinegar (d = 1.006 g/ml.), which is

5.00% acetic acid, HC2H3O2 , by mass to a buffer. How many grams of sodium
acetate, NaC2H3O2 are required to produce a buffer of pH 4.00 ?
Answer :
Mr CH3COOH = 60 gr/mol
250 ml CH3COOH = 0,25
M=

x x 10
Mr
5 x 1,006 x 10
60

= 0,84 M

=1,006 gr /mol

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
Mol CH3COOH = 0,25 x 0,84
= 0,21 mol
(Mr CH3COONa) = 8,2 gr/mol
PH

=4

= Ka.

-4

mol L
mol garam

-5

10

= 1,8 x 10 .

-4

10

[H+] = 10-4

378 x 105
x

378 x 108
104

0,21
x

= 378 x 10-4
massa
Mr

Mol

Massa

= mol x Mr

= 378 x 10-4 x 82
= 10. 472 x 10-4 gr
= 1,0472 gr
29. A solution prepared from 0.050 mol/L of a weak acid, HX, has a pH of 2.75.
what is the pH of the solution after 0.035 mol of solid LiX has been dissolved
in it?
Answer:
M = 0,05 mol/L
HX
pH = 2,75
pH setelah 0,035 mol LiX(s)

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
+
H = 102,75

pH = 2,75
H+
2,75

10

2,75

( 10

Ka x M

Ka x 0,05
2

= Ka x 5x 10

5,5

Ka x 5x 10
Ka

= 10

105,5
2
5 x 10

1
x 103,5
5

4,5
= 2 x 10

+
H

mol AL
mol BK

= Ka x

4,5
= 2 x 10
x

4,5

= 2 x 10

pH

0,05
0,035
5 x 102
35 x 103

10 x 104,5 x 102
35 x 103

105,5
3
35 x 10

1
x 108,5
35

1
8,5 log 35

8,5 (-1,54)

10,04

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
30. A 0.045 M solution of weak acid HX has a pH of 3.65. what is the pH of the
solution after 0.015 mol/L of solid NaX has been dissolved in it?
Answer :
HX 0,045 M

pH = 3,65

PH setelah 0,015 mol/L NaX (s)

[H+] = 10-3,65

PH = 3,65

Ka x 0,045

[H+]

(10-3,65 )2

= Ka x 0,015

10-7,3

= Ka x 15 x 10-3
7,3

Ka

[H+]

PH

10
45 x 103

1
45

= Ka.

x 104,3
mol L
mol garam

1
45

x10

1
45

x10-4,3 x 3

3
45

x 10-4,3

-4,3

= 4,3 log

3
45

= 4,3 (1,18)

0,045
0,015

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
= 5,48
31. A buffer is made up of one liter each of 0.20 M NH3 and 0.20 M NH4Cl.
Calculate
a. The pH of the buffer
b. The pH of the buffer after the addition of 0.0100 mol HCl
c. The pH of the buffer after the addition of 0.0200 mol KOH.
Answer:
1 L 0,2 M NH3(g) + 0,2 M NH4Cl(aq)
a.
-

[OH ] =

5,8 x 1010

0,2
0,2

= 5,8 x 10-10
pOH = 10 log 5,8
pH = 14 (10 log 5,8 )
= 4 + log 5,8
= 4 + 0,76
= 4,76
b. HCl(aq) + NH3 (g) NH4Cl (aq) (Kb = 5,8x 10-10)
m: 0,01

0,2

0,2

b: 0,01

0,01

0,01

s: -

0,19

0,21

[OH ] = Kb.

n . BL
n. garam

= 5,8 x 10-10.

0,19
0,21

= 5,8 x 10-10. 0,90

= 5,22 x 10-10
pOH = 10 log 5,22

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
pH = 14 (10 log 5,22)
= 14 + log 5,22
= 4 + 0,72
= 4,72
c. KOH(aq) + NH4Claq) NH4OH(aq) + HCl(aq) (Kb = 5,8 x10-10)
m: 0,02

0,2

0,2

b:

0,02

0,02

0,02

s:

0,18

0,22
-10

[OH ] = 5,8 x 10 .

0,22
0,18

= 5,8 x 10-10. 1,22

= 7,08 x 10-10
pOH = 10 log 7,08
pH = 14 (10 log 7,08)
= 4 + log 7,08
= 4 + 0,85
= 4,85
32. A buffer is made up of one liter each of 0.100 M HC2H3O2 and 0.150 M
NaC2H3O2. Calculate:
a. The pH of the buffer.
b. The pH of the buffer after the addition of 0.0100 mol HCl.
c. The pH of the buffer after the addition of 0.0200 mol NaOH.
Answer:
0,1 M CH3COOH + 0,15 CH3COONa
a.

+
H = Ka x

mol AL
mol gram

5
= 1,8 x 10
x

0,1
0,15

5
2
= 1,8 x 10
x 67x 10

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
7

= 120,6 x 10

5
= 1,206 x 10

pH = 5 log1,206
= 5 0,08
= 4,92
b. HCl(aq)
m:
b:
s:

+ CH3COONa(aq) CH3COOH(aq) + NaCL(aq)

0,01
0,15
0,15
0,01
0,01
0,01
0,14
0,16
mol AL
mol gram

[H ] = Ka x

= Ka x

0,16
0,14
5

= 1,8x 10

= 1,8x 10

0,16
0,14

x 1,14

5
= 2,05 x 10

pH = 5 log2,05
= 5 0,31
= 4,69
c. NaOH(aq) + CH3COONa(aq)
m: 0,02
0,15
b:
0,02
0,02
s:
0,13
[H+] = Ka x

= Ka x

mol AL
mol gram
0,17
0,13

CH3COONa(aq) + NaOH(aq)
0,15
0,01
0,17

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
5

= 1,8x 10

0,17
0,13

5
=1,8x 10
x 1,3

5
= 2,34 x 10

pH = 5 log2,34
= 5 0,37
= 4,63
33. A buffer is prepared in which the ratio [HCO3-] / [CO32-] is 4.0
a. What is the pH of this buffer (Ka HCO3- = 4.7 x 10-11)?
b. Enough strong acid is added to make the pH of the buffer 9.40. what is the
ratio [HCO3-] / [CO32-] at this point ?
Answer:
2
CO3
HCO3
a.

4
1

Ka = 4,7 x 10-11

[H+] = Ka x

CO32
HCO3

= 4,7 x 10-11 x

4
1

= 18,8 x 10-11
pH = 11 log 18,8 = 11 1,27 = 9, 73
b. pH = 9,4
[H+] = 10-9,4
[H+] = Ka x

CO32
HCO3

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
2

10-9,4 = 4,7 x 10-11 x

CO3
HCO3

9,4

10
11
4,7 x 10

CO3
HCO3

34. A buffer is prepared using the conjugate acid-baae pair, NH4+, - NH3. The pH
of the prepared buffer is 9.0
a. What is the ratio [NH4+]/[ NH3]?
b. What does the pH become if 20% of the NH4+ ions are converted to
ammonia?
c. What does the pH become if 25% of the NH3 molecules are converted to
NH4+?
Answer:
+
NH 4

a. [OH-] = Kb.
[NH 3]

10-5 = 5, 8 x 10-10

+
NH 4

[NH 3]

+
NH 4

[ NH 3]

b. 20

+
NH 4

[NH 3]

10 5
5,8 x 1010

10 5
5,8

NH4+ dikonversi ke NH3

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
NH 4 +
NH 3

10
20 x 5,8

10
1,16

25 x 10
1
58 x 10

[OH ] = Kb.

10
1,16

= 5,8 x10

105
1,16

-10

= 5 x10-5
pOH = 5x10-5
= 5 log 5
pH = 14 (5 log 5)
= 9 + log 5
= 9, 7
+

c.

NH 4
NH 3

25 .105
5,8

[OH ] = 5,8 x 10

25 x 10
1
58 x 10

-10

145 x 10
1
58 x 10

= 2,5 x 10-6
pOH = 6 log 2,5
pH = 14 (6 log 2,5)
= 8 + log 2,5
= 8,4
35. Which of the following would form a buffer if added to one liter of 0.20 M
NaOH ?
a. 0.10 mol HC2H3O2

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
b. 0.30 mol HC2H3O2\
c. 0.10 mol NaC2H3O2
d. 0.20 mol HCl
Explain your reasoning in each case
Answer:
NaOH = 0,2 M x 1 L = 0,2 mol
a. ditambahkan 0,1 mol CH3COOH(aq) (tidak terjadi buffer, karena sisa basa
kuat)
NaOH(aq)

CH3COOH(aq)

CH3COONa(aq)

H2O(l)
m:

0,2

0,1

b:

0,1

0,1

s:

0,1

b. ditambahkan 0,3 mol CH3COOH(aq) (terjadi buffer, karena sisa asam

lemah)
NaOH(aq)

CH3COOH(aq)

CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l)

m:

0,2

0,3

b:

0,2

0,2

0,2

s:

0,1

0,2

c. ditambahkan 0,1 mol CH3COONa(aq) (tidak terjadi buffer, karena sisa basa
kuat)
NaOH(aq)+

CH3COONa(aq)

CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l)

m:

0,2

0,1

b:

0,1

0,1

0,1

s:

0,1

0,1

d. ditambahkan 0,2 mol HCl (aq) (tidak terjadi buffer, karena sisa basa kuat)
NaOH(aq)

HCl(aq)

NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

m:

0,2

0,1

b:

0,1

0,1

0,1

s:

0,1

0,1

36. Which of the following would form a buffer if added to one liter of 0.20 M
HC2H3O2?

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
a. 0.10 mol NaC2H3O2
b. 0.10 mol NaOH
c. 0.30 mol NaOH
d. 0.10 mol HCl
Explain your answer.
Answer:
CH3COOH(aq) = 0,2 M x 1 L = 0,2 mol
a. ditambahkan 0,1 mol CH3COONa(aq) (terjadi buffer, karena sisa asam
lemah)
CH3COOH(aq) +CH3COONa(aq)
m:

0,2

0,1

b:

0,1

0,1

s:

0,1

CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l)

b. ditambahkan 0,1 mol NaOH(aq) (terjadi buffer, karena sisa asam lemah)
CH3COOH( (aq)+

NaOH(aq)

CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l)

m:

0,2

0,1

b:

0,1

0,1

0,1

s:

0,1

0,1

c. ditambahkan 0,3 mol NaOH(aq) (tidak terjadi buffer, karena sisa basa kuat)
CH3COOH( (aq)+

NaOH(aq)

CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l)

m:

0,2

0,3

b:

0,2

0,2

0,2

s:

0,1

0,2

d. ditambahkan 0,1 mol HCl (aq) (terjadi buffer, karena sisa asam lemah)
CH3COOH (aq)

HCl(aq)

CH3COOH Cl(aq) + H2O(l)

m:

0,2

0,1

b:

0,1

0,1

0,1

s:

0,1

0,1

37. Calculate the pH of a solution that is prepared by mixing 2.00 g propionic

acid, HC2H3O2, and 0.45 g NaOH in water (Ka propionic acid = 1.4 x 10-5).
Answer:

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)
2 gr HC3H5O2 + 0,45 gr NaOH
Ka = 1,4 x 10-5
Mr HC3H5O2 = 36 + 6 + 32 = 74 gr/mol
Mr NaOH = 40 gr/mol
Mol HC3H5O2 =

2
74

Mol NaOH

0,45
40

= 0,027

= 0,01125

HC3H5O2 (aq) + NaOH (aq) C3H5O2Na (aq) + H2O (l)

m: 0,027

0,01125

b: 0,01125

0,01125

0,01125

s: 0,01575

0,01125

0,01575
0,01125

[H+] = 1,4 x 10-5

=1,4 x 10-5

7
5

= 1,96 x 10-5
pH = 5 log 1,96
= 5 0,29
= 4,71

RISKA ANGGRAINI 06101381520029

KELOMPOK VI (ENAM)