Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
HOMEWORK 3/SOLUTION
1. (15 pts) A centrifugal compressor delivers ethylene from a source at 90P0PF and atmospheric
pressure. The gas is to be compressed to 100 psig at a rate of 35,000 STD ftP3P/min. Design
a multistage compressor for this application (use Walas, Table 7.6 as reference). Determine
the power requirement (HP or kW) and the design speed for the compressor..
First, using the value of the volumetric flow rate given, choose compressor frame 60M from
Table 7.6 in Walas.
Calculate n, taking p = 0.77. The can be estimated from the following equation (Smith and
Van Ness):
cp
1.424 0.01424T 4.392 10 6 T 2
R
c
where T is K. So T 90F 305.4K 549.7R . This yields, p 5.36 and knowing that
R
cp
R 1
5.36;
0.19
R 1
cp
Thus,
n
n 1
p 0.77(5.36) 4.13
and
0.24
n 1 1
n
Calculate T2 to check temperature limits:
( n 1) / n
P
114.7
T2 T1 2
(549.7 R)
900R 440F
14.7
P1
This is too high, so we need intercooling. Let us say we have two sections, then the exit
temperature would be
( n 1) / N s n
0.24
P
114.7
T2 T1 2
(549.7R)
703R 243F
14.7
P1
This is fine. Let us calculate the work required per section.
P ( n 1) / 2n
gc n
H
z1RT1 2
1
g n 1
P1
lb f
lbmol R
14.7
28.05lbm
34,371 ft
0.24 / 2
The maximum head per stage for this compressor is listed as 10K/12K. We take 10,000 ft which
yields 3.5, or 4 stages. With 4 stages, the distribution of head per stage is:
h / stage 34,371/ 4 8592 ft
We need to adjust the impeller speed to match this:
1/ 2
8,592
N 5000
10,000
4635RPM
The power requirement needs the mass flow rate. The density can be calculated as:
lb
28.05
(14.7 psi)
M w P1
lb
lbmole
0.07 3
3
z1RT1
ft
ft psi
(549.7 R)
(1)10.73
lbmole R
BHP 2
Q H
33000 p
lb
)(34,371 ft)
ft 3
6628HP
33000(0.77)
2(35000 ft 3 / min)(0.07
Thus we have a compressor with eight stages where intercooling takes place between the fourth
and the fifth stages.
20 ft
3
2
120 ft
152 psia
1
Toluene is pumped at a rate of 400 GPM and at 750F through 3 in OD piping. The dynamic
pressure drop between points 1 and 2 is 9.5 psi and between points 3 and 4 is 3 psi. At
flowing conditions the density of toluene is 54.75 lb/ft3. If the maximum expected flow rate is
500 GPM and the minimum expected flow rate is 60 GPM, obtain the required Cv, and select
a valve from one of the following vendors:
Masonelian 21000 Series Globe Control Valves: http://www.masoneilan.com/
Fisher GX Control Valves: http://www.emersonprocess.com/Fisher/
Report the properties of the valve selected such as % opening at design conditions. Provide
vendor information to support your selection.
The specific gravity for toluene is 0.877. Lets calculate the pressures at points around the valve
to find the pressure drop across the valve. Consider the relationship,
P
P
h
g (sp.gr ) w ater g
To make sure we have the right units as the pressure is expressed as psi (lbf/in2), the equation is
re-written as
P (144)
2.31P
h
(sp.gr )(62.4)(g / g c ) (sp.gr .)
Thus, at point 2, we have:
(0.877)120 ft
P2 152 psia 9.5 psi
96.94psia
2.31
At point 3, we have
(0.877)20 ft
P3 (68 14.7) psia 3 psi +
93.29psia
2.31
Thus, we have
Pvalve 96.94 93.29 3.65psi
Using the sizing equation, for maximum flow rate (note that this pressure drop is really for 400
GPM, so I am extrapolating here),
P
Q Cv f ( z )
s.g
Cv 500
0.877
245
3.65
0.877
29.4
110
Using Masonelian 21000 Series control valves, we can select a 5 inch contoured trim linear valve
with a C v at 100% opening 400 and the maximum flow corresponding to about 70% open.
Cv 60
For Fisher, DN 150 could be chosen among GX Series Control valves, NPS 6 with 60 mm travel
as marked in the table. C v at 100% opening is 374 and the maximum flow corresponding to
about 80% open.
3. (15 pts) Acetone (solute) is to be extracted from a solution in ethyl acetate using water
(solvent). The feed composition is 40 wt% acetone and 60 wt% ethyl acetate. Consider the
feed and operating conditions as 25 0C and 1 atm. The acetone solution is available at 200
kg/hr and we have a water stream available at 220 kg/hr. If one stage extraction (mixerseparator) is used, what is the mole fraction of acetone in the raffinate? Obtain your results
using three property method selections, Ideal, PR and NRTL. Discuss and explain the
reasons for the differences in the results. Turn in the flowsheet and the stream tables that
summarize the results. Consult AspenPlus tutorial document for additional help.
The stream table of one stage extraction (mixer-separator) is shown below:
VAPOR
FLASH
MIXER
FEED
PRODUCT1
LIQ
WATER
RAFFINAT
FEED
From
To
MIXER
Ph ase
LIQUID
LIQ
PR ODUC T1
R AF FINAT
VAP OR
FLAS H
MIXER
FLAS H
FLAS H
MISSING
MISSING
WATER
FLAS H
LIQUID
MIXER
LIQUID
LIQUID
Su bstream: MIXED
Mole Flow
lbmol/h r
AC ETONE
W ATER
ETH-AC E
3 .0 366 68
3 .0 366 68
3 .0 366 68
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2 6.922 53
2 6.922 53
0.0
0.0
2 6.922 53
3 .0 026 76
3 .0 026 76
3 .0 026 76
0.0
0.0
0.0
To tal Flow
lbmol/h r
6 .0 393 44
3 2.961 88
3 2.961 88
0.0
0.0
2 6.922 53
To tal Flow
lb/hr
4 40.92 45
9 25.94 15
9 25.94 15
0.0
0.0
4 85.01 70
To tal Flow
cuft/h r
8 .2 742 66
1 6.017 22
1 6.017 22
0.0
0.0
7 .8 164 62
Temperature
7 7.000 00
7 7.000 00
7 7.000 01
Pressure
psia
1 4.695 95
1 4.695 95
1 4.695 95
1 4.695 95
1 4.695 95
Vapor Frac
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Liqu id F rac
1 .0 000 00
1 .0 000 00
1 .0 000 00
1 .0 000 00
So lid Frac
7 7.000 00
1 4.695 95
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-1.560 1E+5
-1.289 0E+5
-1.289 0E+5
-1.228 2E+5
En th alp y
B tu /lbmol
En th alp y
B tu /lb
-2 136 .9 04
-4 588 .6 08
-4 588 .6 08
-6 817 .4 30
En th alp y
B tu /h r
-9.422 1E+5
-4.248 8E+6
-4.248 8E+6
-3.306 6E+6
En trop y
B tu /lbmol-R
-9 4.482 15
-4 8.097 34
-4 8.097 34
-3 8.850 06
En trop y
B tu /lb-R
-1 .2 941 22
-1 .7 121 80
-1 .7 121 80
-2 .1 565 06
Density
lbmol/cu ft
.72 989 48
2 .0 579 03
2 .0 579 03
3 .4 443 38
Density
lb/cuft
5 3.288 66
5 7.809 14
5 7.809 14
6 2.050 71
7 3.008 68
2 8.091 29
2 8.091 29
8 .3 415 74
1 6.125 77
1 6.125 77
Average MW
Liq Vol 6 0F
cuft/h r
1 8.015 28
0.0
0.0
7 .7 842 00
The mole fraction of acetone in the raffinate is 0. The ideal assumes that the components are perfectly miscible.
NRTL results:
He at a nd M at eria l B a la n ce Ta bl e
Stre a m ID
FEED
Fro m
To
M IXER
Pha s e
LIQUID
LIQ
PR ODUC T1
R AFFINAT
VAPOR
FLASH
M IXER
FLASH
FLASH
LIQUID
M ISSING
WATER
FLASH
LIQUID
M IXER
LIQUID
LIQUID
lb mo l/h r
AC ETONE
WATER
ETH-AC E
3. 03 6 66 8
1. 08 0 38 3
3. 03 6 66 8
1. 95 6 28 5
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
.9 37 3 10 7
26 .9 2 25 3
25 .9 8 52 2
0 .0
26 .9 2 25 3
3. 00 2 67 6
2. 36 0 68 1
3. 00 2 67 6
.6 41 9 95 3
0 .0
0 .0
Tot al Flo w
lb mo l/h r
6. 03 9 34 4
4. 37 8 37 4
32 .9 6 18 8
28 .5 8 35 0
0 .0
26 .9 2 25 3
Tot al Flo w
lb /h r
44 0 .9 24 5
28 7 .6 25 5
92 5 .9 41 5
63 8 .3 16 0
0 .0
48 5 .0 17 0
Tot al Flo w
c uft/h r
8. 27 4 26 6
5. 20 9 84 0
16 .1 7 93 9
10 .8 4 88 2
0 .0
7. 81 6 46 2
Temp e ra tu re
77 .0 0 00 0
77 .0 0 00 0
91 .2 3 12 7
77 .0 0 00 0
Pre ss u re
p si a
77 .0 0 00 0
14 .6 9 59 5
14 .6 9 59 5
14 .6 9 59 5
14 .6 9 59 5
Va po r Frac
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
Liq ui d Frac
1. 00 0 00 0
1. 00 0 00 0
1. 00 0 00 0
1. 00 0 00 0
1. 00 0 00 0
Sol id Fra c
14 .6 9 59 5
14 .6 9 59 5
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
0 .0
-1 .5 5 97 E+5
-1 .6 3 71 E+5
-1 .2 8 89 E+5
-1 .2 3 83 E+5
-1 .2 2 82 E+5
Ent ha lp y
B tu /l bmo l
Ent ha lp y
B tu /l b
-21 3 6. 26 0
-24 9 2. 11 9
-45 8 8. 30 2
-55 4 5. 16 5
-68 1 7. 43 0
Ent ha lp y
B tu /h r
-9 .4 1 93 E+5
-7 .1 6 80 E+5
-4 .2 4 85 E+6
-3 .5 3 96 E+6
-3 .3 0 66 E+6
Ent ro py
B tu /l bmo l-R
-94 .4 9 35 9
-88 .7 6 61 8
-48 .8 9 08 0
-43 .2 2 52 7
-38 .8 5 00 6
Ent ro py
B tu /l b-R
-1. 29 4 27 9
-1. 35 1 24 2
-1. 74 0 42 6
-1. 93 5 60 8
-2. 15 6 50 6
De ns it y
lb mo l/c u ft
.7 29 8 94 8
.8 40 4 04 8
2. 03 7 27 6
2. 63 4 71 1
3. 44 4 33 8
De ns it y
lb /c u ft
53 .2 8 86 6
55 .2 0 81 3
57 .2 2 97 1
58 .8 3 73 7
62 .0 5 07 1
73 .0 0 86 8
65 .6 9 23 0
28 .0 9 12 9
22 .3 3 16 2
8. 34 1 57 4
5. 27 9 86 8
16 .1 2 57 7
10 .8 4 59 1
Av erag e M W
Liq Vo l 6 0 F
c uft/h r
18 .0 1 52 8
0 .0
7. 78 4 20 0
PENG-ROB results:
FEE D
From
To
MIXER
Phase
LIQUID
LIQ
PRODUCT1
RAFFINAT
VAPOR
FLASH
MIXER
FLASH
FLASH
LIQUID
MISSING
WAT ER
FLASH
LIQUID
MIXER
LIQUID
LIQUID
Substream: MIXED
Mole Flow
lbmol/hr
ACET ONE
WATER
E TH-ACE
3. 036668
3. 036630
3. 036668
3. 81270E-5
0.0
0.0
0.0
. 2312976
26. 92253
26. 69124
0.0
26. 92253
3. 002676
3. 002676
3. 002676
2. 19751E-7
0.0
0.0
Total Flow
lbmol/hr
6. 039344
6. 270603
32. 96188
26. 69127
0.0
26. 92253
Total Flow
lb/hr
440. 9245
445. 0892
925. 9415
480. 8523
0.0
485. 0170
Total Flow
cuft/hr
8. 274266
8. 334027
14. 76126
7. 749354
0.0
7. 816462
Temperature
77. 00000
77. 00000
-50. 57356
77. 00000
Pressure
psia
14. 69595
14. 69595
14. 69595
14. 69595
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1. 000000
1. 000000
1. 000000
1. 000000
1. 000000
Vapor Frac
Liquid Frac
Solid Frac
77. 00000
14. 69595
14. 69595
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-1.5598E +5
-1.5454E +5
-1.2962E +5
-1.2370E +5
-1.2370E +5
Btu/lb
-2136. 443
-2177. 172
-4614. 176
-6866. 635
-6866. 660
Enthalpy
Btu/hr
-9.4201E +5
-9.6904E +5
-4.2725E +6
-3.3018E +6
-3.3304E +6
Entropy
Btu/lbmol-R
-94. 42282
-91. 87881
-52. 60865
-40. 10222
-40. 10224
Entropy
Btu/lb-R
-1. 293309
-1. 294427
-1. 872775
-2. 226004
-2. 226012
Density
lbmol/cuft
. 7298948
. 7524098
2. 232998
3. 444323
3. 444338
Density
lb/cuft
53. 28866
53. 40626
62. 72779
62. 05063
62. 05071
73. 00868
70. 98028
28. 09129
18. 01534
18. 01528
8. 341574
8. 408404
16. 12577
7. 717370
Enthalpy
Btu/lbmol
Enthalpy
Average MW
Liq Vol 60F
cuft/hr
0.0
7. 784200