Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Anton Kruf
Market Development Manager
2014
Agenda
Introduction
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Agenda
Introduction
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Galactics
Founder
500 M Turnover
Serendip
Since 2000 Australia
Sugar production
Sugar mills
equipment
Luxury
chocolates
Insulation
Processed food
Minority
participation
Minority
participation
Minority
participation
Sugar production
Real Estate
Minority
participation
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4
6
>370 employees
3 production sites
& application
centres (Belgium,
USA and China)
10% of our
staff in
Research &
Development
20+ patent
families
1 innovation campus
(Belgium)
1 pilot facility for
fermentation &
downstream processing
(Belgium)
Milwaukee USA
Capacity 15 000 mT
Capacity 30 000 mT
Anderlecht Belgium
Innovation Campus
Tokyo Japan
Sales Office
Bengbu - China
Capacity 50 000 mT
Hong-Kong - China
Sales Office
Curitiba Brazil
Sales Office
5 sales offices
(Belgium, USA, China,
Japan and Brazil)
Commercial presence
in over 65 countries
1 administrative
centre (HongKong)
5
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Green
Clean
Bio-sourced
Safe
Biodegradable
Safe for the environment
Very low CO2 foot-print
Replacement of substances
such as:
Cyclohexanone
Cresols
Glycol ether acetates
Ester alcohols
Chlorinated solvents
HCFCs
Etc.
Performing
Performance in line
with, or better than,
traditional
alternatives at no
additional cost
Co-developed, or
tested, by world
leaders in the field
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Acids
Lactates
Galactic
Natural
Solutions
Proteins
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Esters
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Acids
Salts &
Blends
Cultures
Galastar
Galaflow
Produced by
fermentation
Galixium
Galinium
Galimax
Galaster
Galasolve
Starter cultures
Food protective cultures
Probiotics
Esters &
Amides
Proteins
Fermenta
tes
Cultured sugars
Natural flavorings made by fermentation
Galimax
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Agenda
Introduction
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Green Alternative to traditional solvents
10
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Lactate esters Bio-solvents produced by Galactic
GalasterTM :
11
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Lactochemistry
Acid function
(carboxylic group)
Alcohol function
(hydroxyl group)
Lactic acid is one of the key bio-based building blocks of the future
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12
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Produced through different types of synthesis
1.
+ EtOH
- H20
2.
Lactic Acid
By trans-Esterification :
Ethyl Lactate
Lactate Ester 1
Lactate Ester 2
Lactide
Lactate Ester
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Produced from renewable, bio-sourced raw
materials or from biomass
14
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Produced from renewable, bio-sourced raw
materials or from biomass
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Produced from renewable, bio-sourced raw
materials or from Biomass
Other bio-sourced alcohols already available
Alcohol
Industries
Raw materials
Technology
Methanol
BIOMCN (NL)
Bio Syngas
Methanol
Chemrec (Sude)
Biomass waste
Gasification
Methanol
Syntec Biofuel
Biomass waste
Isobutanol
Corn glucose
ABE Fermentation
Clostridium acetobutylicum
n-Butanol
Butamac (BP-Dupont)
Fermentation
(Levure modifi gntiquement)
n-Butanol
Gevo(Cargill)
Fermentation
(Modify E.Coli stock)
n-Butanol
Syntec Biofuel
Biomass waste
n-Propanol
Syntec Biofuel
Biomass waste
n-Propanol
Zeachem
Biomass waste
Isopropanol
Project
Corn glucose
Hydrolyse et Fermentation
Fermentation
(Modify E.Coli stockTA 76)
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Fermentation
16
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Alternative to traditional solvents
Galaster TM :
17
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
A range of esters based on C1 to C12 alcohol
2.
This explains why Ethyl hexyl lactate is not soluble in water when
compared to Ethyl lactate
18
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
A range of esters based on C1 to C12 alcohol
Physical properties
GALASTER ML97
104.1
17.6
8.59
12.95
23.48
1.090
57
144
0.34
-0.53
Miscible
100
GALASTER EL98
118.1
16.7
6.45
11.6
21.33
1.030
60.5
153
0.22
0.06
Miscible
100
GALASTER NPL98.5
132.2
16.3
6.80
10.77
20.68
1.005
69
170
0.11
0.39
Miscible
55 ou 100
132.2
15.8
6.81
10.77
20.30
0.991
60
157
0.17
0.39
Miscible
100
GALASTER BL97
146.2
15.9
4.60
10.49
19.60
0.980
79
187
0.03
1.10
4.5
49 or 100
GALASTER IBL98
146,2
15,64
4.4
10.55
19.37
0.979
76
182
0,05
1.10
5.1
49 or 100
GALASTER IAL 98
160
15.8
3.70
9.9
19.01
0.961
85
202
0.02
1.62
0.3
46 or 100
GALASTER EHL95
202.3
16.0
2.15
8.27
18.14
0.940
113
246
0.002
3.17
0.03
36
GALASOLV NV 260
202.3
16.37
2.16
8.28
18.47
0.943
126
258
0.0001
3.17
0.03
36 or 100
258,4
0.922
133,1
304
GALASOLV NF 62
118.6
1.030
61.5
154
16.7
6.41
11.58
21.31
100
0.18
0.18
Miscible
100
19
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2=d2+p2+h2
where
= Hildebrand parameter
d = dispersion contribution
p = polar contribution
h = hydrogen bonding contribution
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20
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Positioning regarding main traditional solvent
classes based on Petroleum
GALASTERs
21
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Positioning regarding main traditional solvent
classes based on Petroleum
GALASTERs
22
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3D Approach
Hansen Space and Polymer Solubility
A Solvent is determined using 3 HSP parameters
A Polymer is determined using 3 HSP parameters (centre of the solubility
polymer sphere) and R0 called Interaction radius (radius of the sphere
(obtained via experimentation and given in the table))
R0
Rule :
The nearer two molecules are in this
three dimensional space, the more
likely they are to dissolve in each
other
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23
3D Approach
Hansen Space and Polymer Solubility
Rule : To determine if a solvent can dissolve a polymer or a resin,
the RED (relative energy difference) must be calculated
If
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24
3D Approach
Hansen Space and Polymer Solubility
p = 9,7
h = 4,0
R0 = 10,6
MEK
Galasolv NV260
Ethanol
16
16,7
15,8
6,45
8,8
5,1
11,6
19,4
Ra
3,455
8,459
15,9
RED =
Ra/R0
0,326 < 1
0,798 < 1
1,5 > 1
Conclusion
Cannot dissolve
PEMA
25
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Physical properties :Evaporation Rate
Galaster TM : Low evaporation rate solvent
Solvents
Iab
Ie
Results (rate)
Acetone
5,6
2,1
Fast
56
Ethyl acetate
4,1
2,9
Fast
77,1
Ethanol
1,6
8,3
Medium
79
Toluene
6,1
Medium
110
N butyl acetate
12
Medium
126
Galaster EL 98
0,22
Slow
153
Galaster BL 97
0,035
Slow
187
NMP
0,04
Slow
202
302
DIN 53170 is the standard used for testing, using either diethyl ether (Ie) or butyl acetate (2
reference solvents)
26
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Physical properties: Solubility in traditional
solvents
27
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Physical properties : Hydrolysis
Galactic has developed a way of stabilising EL when in the presence
of water
Hydrolysis of EL 98 in function of
concentration and time at 40C
Hydrolysis of EL 98 in function of
concentration and time at 25C
60.0
EL 70%
45.0
EL 70% stabilized
2.3
% of EL hydrolized
% of EL hydrolized
3.0
1.5
0.8
0.0
0
2
Time (Weeks)
EL70 %
EL 70% stabilized
30.0
15.0
0.0
0
2
Time (Weeks)
28
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Physical properties : Hydrolysis
Problem: As esterification is a reversible reaction, EL is prone to hydrolysis
Other Galasters are also sensitive to hydrolysis, they being more sensitive
when the ester is soluble in water.
Hydrolysis of Ethyl Lactate in function of concentration and
time at 25C
% of EL hydrolized
9.0
6.8
EL 60 %
EL 70 %
4.5
EL 80 %
EL 90 %
2.3
0.0
0
2
Time (Weeks)
29
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Physical properties : Wetting
Wetting & contact angle
Poor
Standard
Excellent
30
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Physical properties : Wetting
Galasters provide good wetting properties, acting like surfactants
Concentration (ppm)
31
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GalasterTM Biosolvents
Other interesting physical properties :
Low VOC NON VOC
NON VOC solvent regarding paint legislation
European Paint Directive (2004/42/EC)
VOC if solvent has boiling point 250C at 101.3 kPa
32
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Environmental and Safety properties
Galasters are low toxic products
Irritation to
Skin: No irritating to moderately irritating
Eyes: Pass the most critical property (R41)
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Classification in terms of transportation
Inflammable Liquid
Packaging
group
Flash Point
( FP )
Boiling
Point
35C
II
FP < 23C
> 35C
III
23C FP 60.5C
> 35C
34
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Classification in terms of storage and use
CLASSIFICATION
Class
Class I
Flash Point
Boiling Point
Flammable liquids
Class IA
Class IB
T 37,8C (100F)
Class IC
Class II
Class II
Class III
Combustible liquids
37,8C (100F) T < 60C (140F)
Combustible liquids
Class III A
Class III B
93C (200F) T
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7716876
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Environmental and Safety properties
Very low or Non Flammable in terms of transportation, storage and use
Flash Point
C
Boiling Point
C
Transport
Class
Storage
Class
Aceton
- 17,8
56,2
3 group II
IB
Ethyl acetate
- 4,4
77,1
3 group II
IB
MEK
-9
80
3 group II
IB
Ethanol
13
79
3 group II
IB
Toluen
4,4
110.6 (>38C)
Butyl acetate
27
126
3 group III
Xylen
27 - 32
138-144,5
3 group III
Galaster ML 97
57
144
37,8C< II <60C
Galaster EL 98
59
153
II
Galasolv NF 62
61,5
154
Not classified
IIIA
Galaster NPL98,5
69
170
Not classified
Galaster BL 97
79
187
Not classified
IIIA
Galaster EHL95
113
244
Not classified
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3 group II (<23C)
IB < 22,8C
22,8C < IC < 37,8C
IC
90C< IIIB 36
Agenda
Introduction
37
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Paint Stripper
Graffiti removers
38
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Paint Stripper
Graffiti removers
39
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Solvent for resins - State of Art
Resins
Acrylic
Type
Homopolymer : MMA, iBMA, EMA, nBMA
Copo : MMA/BMA, MMA/EMA, BMA Styren
Cellulose esters
Polyvinyl chlroride
copolymers
Polyvinyl acetate
homopolymer
Polyvinyl butyral
VA/VC copolymer
Polyvinyl formal
VA homopolymer
Terpolymer Vinylalcohol, Vinyl acetate, Vinyl
butyral
Phenoxy
Phenolic resins
Epoxy resin
Polyterpene resin
Galaster
Suppliers
CA Eastman
EL98, NF62
Inchemrez Inchem
Durez Sumitomo Bakelite Europe
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Solvent for resins - State of Art
41
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Solvent for resins - State of Art
Example 1
42
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Solvent for resins - State of Art
Example 2
43
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Paint Stripper
Graffiti removers
44
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Additives for solvent-based products
As weve just seen, Galasters are very high polar solvents and
show high solvency power with regard to polar polymers (vs.
acrylic, epoxy, acetate, .... resins), thus their use in solventbased formulations is possible
45
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Paint Stripper
Graffiti removers
46
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47
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48
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
EU regulation: VOC Limits for waterborne paints
49
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Coalescing agent for waterborne paints & inks
Replacement of conventional coalescing agents
Galactic currently proposes solutions for the replacement of
conventional coalescing agents
Galaster EHLTM 95
Galaster BLTM 97
Galasolv NV 260
Galasolv NV 300
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Coalescing agent for waterborne paints
Formulation
Styrene acrylic resin (DC : 40%)
Pigment concentration in volume : 40%
Total dry content : 63,4 %
Density : 1,43
Coalescent concentration :
1,2 % on wet formulation
1,9% on dry formulation
6 % on dry resin
51
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Coalescing agent for waterborne paints
Dry Content %
Density
Mass g
12,5
40
99
1,16
1,04
0,3
0,6
100
100
4,1
2,7
20
22
Mill base
Water
Coatex P90
Byk 093
Dispersing agent
Defoamer
Tiona 595
TiO2
Omyacoat 850 OG CaCO3
Total MB
55,4
Let down
Styren Acrylic
dispersion
Aqualflow NHS 300 Thickener
Axilat DS2100
50
1,02
40
20
1,04
33,4
0
1,08
1,03
0,2
0,2
0,95
1,2
Total LD
44,6
Total
100
PVC
39,92%
Dry content
63,38%
Density
1,43
52
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GalasterTM Biosolvents
Coalescing agent for waterborne
An MFFT Study* performed by CORI shows that Galaster BLTM and Galasolv NV 260
similar drying properties as Texanol (reference).
Minimal Formation Film Temperature Study
Temperature
Reference
Galaster BLTM
20
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Coalescing agent for waterborne paints
Hardness, blocking and scrub resistance
Galaster BL97, Galasolv NV 260 versus Texanol
Blocking resistance
index*
10
8
6
4
2
0
Blocking Resistance
% of thickness loss**
Scrub resistance
(washability)
Blocking resistance
Index
30%
0%
54
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Coalescing agent for waterborne paints
Hardness development Galaster BL97, Galasolv NV 260 VS Texanol
100.
75.
Reference (Texanol)
Galasolv NV260
Galaster BL
50.
25.
0.
1 Day
8 Days
28 Days
55
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Coalescing agent for waterborne paints
Galasolv NV 260 VS Texanol
Scrub Resistance
ISO11998
23C / 50%
RH
8C / 40-60%
RH
Texanol
30 2
63 0
Galasolv
260
32 1
47 1
Galasolv 260
shows better drying time at low temperatures
compared to Texanol.
Paints
Loss in
Loss in film
coating mass thickness
(g/m)
(m)
Texanol
11.45
5.37
Galasolv
260
9.86
4.46
56
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Coalescing agent for waterborne paints
Galasolv NV 260 versus Texanol
Persoz Hardness - ISO 1522
Drying Time
Texanol
Galasolv 260
1 day
39,2 sec
39 sec
7 days
48 sec
64 sec
14 days
51 sec
73 sec
28 days
59 sec
85.4 sec
57
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Coalescing agent for waterborne paints
Traditional coalescent agents VS Galaster
Water
Solubility Dispersion
Vapour
pressure Boiling
KPa 20 point
Polar Hydrogen
C
C
VOC
Mpa 1/2
Mpa 1/2
Mpa 1/2
< 0.1 %
15.1
6.1
9.8
0,0013
255
No/No
4.5%
15.7
6.5
10.0
0,0053
230
Yes/No
100%
16.0
7.0
10.6
0,002
230
Yes/No
100%
16.0
5.1
12.3
0,089
171
Yes/Yes
<0.2%
16.0
4.1
10.5
0.0023
229
Yes/No
100%
16.1
9.2
12.2
0,019
201
Yes/Yes
4.5%
15.9
4.6
10.5
0,03
187
Yes/Yes
Galaster EHL 95
0.03 %
16.0
2.2
8.3
0,002
246
Yes/No
Galasolv NV 260
0.03 %
16.37
2,16
8,28
0,0001
258
No/No
2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol
Monoisobutyrate (Texanol)
Dipropylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether
(DpnB)
Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether
(DB)
Glycol monobutyl ether (BG)
Ethylene Glycol 2-Ethylhexyl Ether
(EEH)
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether
(DE)
Galaster BL 97
Paint/solvent
58
VOC = European Paint Directive (2004/42/EC) Boiling point 250C at 101.3 kPa
VOC = European Solvent Directive (EU Regulation 1999/13/EC ) Vapour pressure 0.1 mm Hg ( 0.01 k Pa)
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at 293K
Paint Stripper
Graffiti removers
59
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Paint/Varnish Stripper
Galaster EL98 is currently used in various paint/varnish stripper formulations
Solvency power of EL98 is generally not sufficient to cover the stripping of all
type of paints and varnishes.
As the molecule size is too big, EL98 is used as a co-solvent in combination
with a powerful solvent having a lower molecular size.
Typical formulations
1.Paint Strippers:
- Ethyl Lactate / DMSO / Blend of high aromatic solvents
- Ethyl Lactate / DMSO / DBE (dicarboxylic acid ester)
2. Varnish Strippers:
- Ethyl Lactate / d-Limonene
60
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52
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Paint/Varnish Stripper
Formulations
Ref :
Sol 1 :
Sol 2 :
Sol 3 :
Substrate
Masonry paint on fibro cement
Alkyd paint on wood
Results : Stripping behaviour of tested formulations depends on paint
and substrate
61
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Paint/Varnish Stripper
Masonry exterior paint Thick coating 1 mm
Ref
Sol 1
Sol 2
Sol 3
Ref
Sol 1
Sol 2
Sol 3
2H
4H
62
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Paint/Varnish Stripper
Old Alkyd paint on wood Thin coating
Ref
Sol 1
Ref
Sol 1
Sol 2
Sol 3
After 2 hours ,
without scrubbing
After 2 hours,
with scrubbing
Sol 2
Sol 3
63
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Paint Stripper
Graffiti removers
64
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GalasterTM Biosolvents
Paint/ Varnish stripper
Graffiti removers
Galaster EL 98 has been tested in several formulations and has shown good
efficiency for markers, lipstick, correctional fluid, and spray paint on
unpainted & painted smooth surfaces (non porous)
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65
57
GalasterTM Biosolvents
Application in inks, varnishes, paints, coatings
Paint Stripper
Graffiti removers
66
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TOXIC
(Suspected
carcinogenic)
NOT GREEN
(Ozone depletion)
Today, the right solvents must be used and with proper care to:
Protect workers and the environment,
Avoid ignition and explosions
Ensure proper treatment of the used products and residues
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67
Gala4CleanTM
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68
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Physical properties of Gala4CleanTM solutions
Flash
Point
Density
Vapour
Pressure
Vapour
Pressure
Solubility
in
Water
Solubility
of
Water
g/cm
Kpa (20C)
Kpa
(100C)
Wt % at
20C
Wt % at
20C
-2.7
59
1,033
0,22
17
Miscible
Miscible
170
-23
69
1,024
0,11
9.9
Miscible
Miscible
GALASTER BL 97
189
-20
79
0,984
0,03
4.7
4,5
13,9
GALASTER EHL 95
246
-23
113
0,939
0,002
0.6
0,03
3,5
GALASOLV NV 260
258
-24
126
0.943
0.0001
0.02
0.03
3.4
GALASOLV NF 62
154
-3
61.5
1.032
0,18
17
Miscible
Miscible
Boiling
Point
Melting
Point
GALASTER EL 98
153
PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
(ASTM
D93)
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69
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Flash Point
70
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Solubility in water
Sustainability
Percentage (%) of the molecule issued from renewable sources (ex: corn,
beet sugar + type of Alcohol)
71
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Physical properties : Low VOC NON VOC
Galaster EHL95
Galasolv NV 260
Galasolv NV 300*
NON VOC
Galaster ML
Galaster EL
Galaster NPL
Galaster BL
VOC
Galasolv NF
* Under development
72
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Positioning regarding main traditional solvent classes
GALASTERs
73
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Physical properties :Evaporation Rate
Galaster TM : Low evaporation rate solvent
Solvents
Iab
Ie
Results (rate)
Acetone
5,6
2,1
Fast
56
Ethyl acetate
4,1
2,9
Fast
77,1
Ethanol
1,6
8,3
Medium
79
Toluene
6,1
Medium
110
N butyl acetate
12
Medium
126
Galaster EL 98
0,22
Slow
153
Galaster BL 97
0,035
Slow
187
NMP
0,04
Slow
202
302
DIN 53170 is the standard used for testing, using either diethyl ether (Ie) or
butyl acetate (2 reference solvents)
74
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GalasterTM Bio-solvents
Surface Cleaning and Degreasing
Kauri Butanol Index
The power of solvents,
regarding their ability to
remove stains, is measured
with Kauri Butanol Index
Value around 20 is a poor
solvent
Value up to 100 is a very
efficient solvent
Galasolv NF 62 is more
performant than chlorinated
and hydrocarbonated solvents
Solvent
Value*
Prognosis
Galasolv NF 62
>164
Excellent
Methyl chloride
136
Excellent
Trichloroethylene
130
Excellent
Perchloroethylene
93
Good
1,1,1- trichloroethane
107
Excellent
N hexane
27
Poor
White spirit
31-33
Poor
CFC 113
31
Poor
Toluene
84
Good
NMP
>300
Excellent
75
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Introduction
Summery
Products/Properties/Applications
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Conclusions
Galactics solutions for coatings/inks and degreasing
Todays industries has increasing demand for natural active
ingredients
Lactic acid and esters are the perfect answer that have been used
for centuries.
Improving Green chemistry to detergent applications
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Acids
Lactates
Galactic
Natural
Solutions
Proteins
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Esters
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Target applications
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
De-pollution
Bio-solvents
Graffiti removal
Agro-chemistry
Solvent or dispersant (for pesticides,
herbicides,...)
Other industry
Synthesis raw materials
Additive for various applications: pH
control, wetting agent ,
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Summery
GalasterTM Bio-solvents
VOC Free
Super
Wetters
Galactic
Excellent
Solubility
Bio-Solvents
Low
Evaporation
Excellent
Stability
H&S
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82
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