MORPHOLOGY

LEVEL OF LINGUISTIES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Pronologi study of organization of speech sounds

Morphology study of morpheme
Syntax study of sentence structure
Semantics study of meaning
Pramatics study of factors influencing of persons choice of language
Discouse analysis study of linguistic organization of discourse

Morpheme (unsur - unsur kecil yang memiliki makna).

Di bagi menjadi 2 yaitu :
a. Free morpheme (tidak dapat berdiri sendiri)
Contoh : saya, buku dsb.
b. Bound morpheme (tidak dapat berdiri sendiri)
Contoh : Ber, Kan, Me dsb.

Clasifikasion of merpheme

Adj
Function
al
Free

Conj
Lexical

Bound

Pron

Noun

Inflection
(sesuai dengan
aturan
grammar)
Derivation
(imbuhan tidak
ada dalam
grammar)

verb

Morpheme

Free
morpheme

Bound
morpheme

Root

affixes
prefikssufiks

denvational
morpheme

prefiks
(do not always involve a
change of words class)

Clearly
Politely
Stupidity

ly
ness
ish
ith
er

suffiks
(invlove a change of world
class)

Suffixe
s

Happiness
Childish

Longer
Lower

inflectional
morpheme

suffiks
(do not
change
world class)

How to many morpheme do these words contains ?

Plays
Replay
Cheap

Cheaply

Cheaper

Able

words
play
replay
cheap
cheaply
cheaper
able
unable
brighten

2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2

Unable
Brighten

Number of morpheme
morpheme {play} {s}
morpheme {re} {play}
morpheme {cheap}
morpheme {cheap} {ly}
morpheme {cheap} {er}
morpheme {able}
morpheme {un} {able}
morpheme {bright} {en}

Mention the free and bound morpheme of the following words :

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Undo
Disagreement
Beautiful
Friendship
Meaningless
Words

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Undo
Disagreement
Beautiful
Friendship
Meaningless

Free morphemes
Do
Agree
Beauty
friend

Bound morphemes
{Un - }
{dis} {ment}
{ful}
{ship}
{ing} {less}

A. Inflection
Noun inflection suffixes
a) Plural marker s = girl girls
b) Possesive markers = Betty Bettys
Verb inflection suffixes
a) Third person singular marker s = say says
b) Past tense marker ed = end ended
c) Progressive marker ing = chew chewing
d) Past participle marker en or ed = beat beaten, talk
talked
Adjective inflectional suffixes
a) Comparative marker er = dark darker
b) Superlative marker est = dark darkest

Inflectional example :

Brush
Jedge
Record
Blow

= brushing, brushed
= judges, judged, judging
= records, recorded, recording
= blows, blowed, blowing

B. Derivation
Noun
a) Nouns derived from nouns (book booked, prince
princess)
b) Nouns derived from adjective (good goodness, unility,
ability, estabilism)
c) Nouns derived from verbs (public publish,
development, goverment, agreement, performance)
Verb
a) Verb from other verb
re
= reread, rewrite
un
= untie, undo
dis
= dislike, disagree
b) Verb from other class of word
Beauty beautify
Terror terrorize

Adjective
a) From
Ish
Un
In

adjectives
= greenish, yellowish
= untive, unforgetable
= inactive, irregular

b) From other classes of words

From verb

Verb ing
= boring, interisting
Verb ed
= damaged
Verb able = workable, readable
From Nouns
Noun ful
=
Noun less =
Noun al
=
Noun ish
=

hopeful, cheerful
hopeless
orriginal, rational
girlish

Adverbs derived from adjective

Ly beautifully, carefully, atc.

RINGKASAN MATERI

MORPHOLOGY
(UAS)

DISUSUN OLEH :
IIS SETIAWATI
2013 88 203 009