Solubility product constant (Ksp)

SOLUBILITY is an ability of a substance to dissolve, depend on kind of

substances and temperature.
Ksp is called the solubility product because it is literally the product of the
solubilities of the ions in moles per litre. The solubility product of a salt
can therefore be calculated from its solubility, or vice versa.
Solubility product constants are used to describe saturated solutions of
ionic compounds of relatively low solubility.
Eg. Silver chromate is insoluble salt in water
Ag2CrO4 2Ag+ + CrO42K
sp

= [Ag+]2[CrO42-]

General formula of Ksp

AxBy (S) xAy+(aq) + yBx-(aq)
If the solubility expressed as s
AxBy (S) xAy+(aq) + yBx-(aq)
s

x.s

y.s

Ksp = [AY+]x[Bx-]y
= (x.s)x(y.s)y
= xyyxs(x+y)
Concentration product (Qc) and Precipitation reaction
Qc < Ksp ; unsaturated

Qc = Ksp ; saturated
Qc Ksp ; precipitated
Common ion effect
The common-ion effect is the decrease in the solubility of a salt that occurs
when the salt is dissolved in a solution that contains another source of one of
its ions.
Eg.
Present in silver chloride are silver ions (Ag+) and chloride ions (Cl-). Silver
nitrate (which is soluble) has silver ion in common with silver chloride.
Sodium chloride (also soluble) has chloride ion in common with silver
chloride.
In fact, mixing sufficiently concentrated solutions of AgNO3 and NaCl will
produce a precipitate of AgCl. In order to be sufficiently concentrated, the
product of the [Ag+] and the [Cl-] must exceed the Ksp of 1.77 x 10-10

Sheet activities:
1. Ksp Ag2CrO4 at 25oC = 2.4x10-12. What the molar solubility of the salt?
a. 8.4x10-12 b. 8.2x10-13 c. 8.3x10-14 d. 8.9x10-14 e. 8.9x10-15
2. What the Ksp of Mg(OH)2 if 0.58 g of Mg(OH)2 dissolved into 200 ml
water (Mw Mg(OH)2 = 58).
a. 10-4
b. 102
c. 5x10-4

d. 5x10-5

e. 10-3

3. The minimum concentration needed to precipitate CO32- from Ca(NO3)2

0.01M if given the Ksp of CaCO3 = 4.8x10-9 is..
a. 4.8x10-7 b. 4.8x10-6 c. 2.4x10-7 d. 2.4x10-6 e. 4.8x10-8

4. The solubility of Mg(OH)2 in NaOH 0.1 M with Ksp Mg(OH)2 = 1.8x10-11

mol3L-3 is
a. 1.8x10-13 M b. 1.8x10-8Mc. 4.5x10-10M

d.1.8x10-9M e.6.7x10-6 M

5. The solubility of Ag2CrO4 in water is 8.43x10-5 mol/L. The solubility of

Ag2CrO4 in AgNO3 0.1 M is (Ksp Ag2CrO4 = 2.4x10-12).
a. 8.83x10-5
b. 2.45x10-6
c. 2.4x10-10
d. 4x10-10
e.6x10-11
6. If Ksp of AgCl = 1.78x10-10, what the solubility of the compound in NaCl
0.001 M?
a. 1.78x10-5

b. 1.78x10-7

c. 1.78x10-8 d. 1.78x10-10

e. 1.78x10-13
7.

Kegiatan Sheet:
1 . Ksp Ag2CrO4 pada 25o C = 2.4x10 - 12 . Apa kelarutan molar dari garam ?
a . 8.4x10 - 12 b . 8.2x10 - 13 c . 8.3x10 - 14 d . 8.9x10 - 14 e . 8.9x10 - 15
2 . Apa Ksp dari Mg ( OH ) 2 jika 0,58 g Mg ( OH ) 2 dilarutkan dalam 200 ml air ( Mw Mg (
OH ) 2 = 58 ) .
a . 10-4 b . 10-2 c . 5x10 - 4 d . 5x10 - 5 e . 10-3
3 . Minimum konsentrasi yang dibutuhkan untuk mengendapkan CO32 - dari Ca ( NO3 ) 2
0,01 M jika diberi Ksp dari CaCO3 = 4.8x10 -9 adalah .....
a . 4.8x10 - 7 b . 4.8x10 - 6 c . 2.4x10 - 7 d . 2.4x10 - 6 e . 4.8x10 - 8
4 . Kelarutan Mg ( OH ) 2 dalam NaOH 0,1 M dengan Ksp Mg ( OH ) 2 = 1.8x10 - 11
mol3L - 3 adalah ......
a . 1.8x10 - 13 M b . 1.8x10 - 8M c . 4.5x10 - 10M d.1.8x10 - 9M e.6.7x10 - 6 M

5 . Kelarutan Ag2CrO4 dalam air adalah 8.43x10 - 5 mol / L. Kelarutan Ag2CrO4 di AgNO3
0,1 M adalah ......... ( Ksp Ag2CrO4 = 2.4x10 - 12 ) .
a . 8.83x10 - 5 b . 2.45x10 - 6 c . 2.4x10 - 10 d . 4x10 - 10 e.6x10 - 11
6 . Jika Ksp AgCl = 1.78x10 - 10 , apa kelarutan senyawa dalam NaCl 0,001 M ?
a . 1.78x10 - 5 b . 1.78x10 - 7 c . 1.78x10 - 8 d . 1.78x10 - 10 e . 1.78x10 - 13