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What is SAP?
In 1976 "SAP GmbH" was founded and the following year it moved headquarters
to Walldorf. SAP AG became the company's official name after the 2005 annual
general meeting. SAP is the largest business application and Enterprise Resource
Planning (ERP) solution vendor and one of the biggest software provider in terms
of revenue in the world.
Other major product offerings include Advanced Planner and Optimizer (APO),
Business Information Warehouse (BW), Customer Relationship Management
(CRM), Supply Chain Management (SCM), Supplier Relationship Management
(SRM), Human Resource Management Systems (HRMS), Product Lifecycle
Management (PLM), Exchange Infrastructure (XI), Enterprise Portal (EP) and SAP
Knowledge Warehouse (KW). The APO name has been retired and rolled into
SCM. The BW name (Business Warehousing) has now been rolled into the SAP
NetWeaver BI (Business Intelligence) suite and functions as the reporting
module.
The company also offers a new technology platform, named SAP NetWeaver
which replaces SAP Business Connector for Integration/middleware capabilities
and offers a systematic approach to Enterprise SOA solutions with a collection of
products. While its original products are typically used by Fortune 500 companies,
SAP is now also actively targeting small and medium sized enterprises (SME) with
its SAP Business One and SAP All-in-One.
SAP officials say there are over 100,600 SAP installations serving more than
38,000 companies in more than 120 countries, which are used by more than 12
million people in more than 120 countries.
SAP R/3 is a standard business application software system that integrates all
business processes and systems into one seamless and efficient framework.
SAP's R/3 is the world's most-used standard business software for client/server
computing
SAP R/3 is scalable and highly suited for many types and sizes of organizations.
The software is highly customizable. SAP’s development language is ABAP and
can be programmed across different platforms i.e. UNIX and Windows.
SAP R/3 is arranged into distinct functional modules, covering the typical
functions in place in an organization. The most widely used modules are
Financials and Controlling (FICO), Human Resources (HR), Materials Management
(MM), Sales & Distribution (SD), Production Planning (PP)
Terminology
Configuration - This is when the system is configured to meet the needs of the
business by using existing data.
Support - 1st and 2nd line support, fielding calls and resolving issues and
requests.
MM (Material Management)
PP (Production Planning)
HR (Human Resources)
SAP FI/CO
Finance submodules
Controlling submodules
SD - Sales and Distribution. Helps to optimize all the tasks and activities
carried out in sales, delivery and billing.
Pre-sales support
Inquiry processing
Quotation processing
Sales order processing
Delivery processing
Billing
Sales information system
SAP MM
Purchasing
Inventory management
Reorder point processing, etc.
SAP PP
Bills of material
Work centres
Sales and operations planning
Master production scheduling
Material requirements planning
Shop floor control
Production orders
Product costing, etc.
SAP HR
SAP BW
For the modern enterprise, time wasted due to data loss and inconsistencies is
unacceptable, particularly when this can often be remedied easily through the use
of a data warehouse system. SAP introduced Business Warehouse Information
Systems (BW) in 1997.
DataSources –DataSources are flat data structures containing data. They are
responsible for extracting data.
InfoSources - are the group of InfoObjects that belong together from a business
point of view. It contains the transactional data obtained from the transactions in
online transactional processes (OLTP) and master data such as addresses of
customers and organizations, which remain unchanged for longer time period.
ODS Objects - which is formed as a result of merging data from one or more
info sources. In it information is stored in the form of flat, transparent database
tables that are used for preparing reports and quality assurance purposes.
InfoProviders - InfoProviders refer to all the data objects that are present in the
SAP BW systems.
SAP Modules Defined
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MySAP CRM
CIC (Customer Interaction Centre) With its extensive call center functionality,
the Customer Interaction Center enables agents to provide a high level of
customer service, to handle incoming and outgoing calls and emails, to analyze
problems and find solutions quickly and effectively. The Customer Interaction
Center can be implemented in numerous scenarios such as the Service
Interaction Center, telesales and Telemarketing.
CRM Mobile Sales This supports field staff by recording orders, checking the
availability of goods, providing access to customer information and monitoring the
status of customer orders. It also allows field staff to enter information about the
customer into the system and thereby make this information available to other
staff both inside and outside the company. Assisting the organization to improve
telesales, account, and sales management by optimizing information shared by
multiple employees, and streamlining existing processes (for example, taking
orders using mobile devices, handheld computers.
Netweaver
IS-Retail – Retail
IS-U – Utilities
IS-OIL – Oil
IS-A – Automotive
IS-ADEC – Aerospace and Defence
IS-AFS – Apparel and Footwear
IS-B – Banking
IS-HT – High Tech
IS- M – Media
IS-PS – Public Sector
IS-DFS – Defense and Security
IS-H – Hospital
IS-HER – Higher Education
IS-HSS – Hospitality Management
IS-REA – Recycling
IS-T – Telecommunications
BASIS
The SAP BC (Basis Components) is the root of the SAP Applications ERP software.
It provides the runtime environment for the rest of the R/3 Applications. It
ensures that applications are optimally integrated in the system environment.
The SAP Basis Components contains powerful tools such as CCMS (Computing
Center Management System) for easy system administration. It is also provides
the interfaces to the distribute system components and third-pary vendors (EDI,
RFC etc.).
PM - Plant Maintenance
Equipment servicing and rebuilding. These tasks affect the production plans.
SAP Modules Defined
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PS - Project System
On one hand, the market demands the development and production of new
products in ever shorter times. On the other hand, companies are forced to
reduce the costs for the development of new products by the growing pressure of
competition. Therefore, a process for research and development projects that is
both chronologically and organizationally perfect gains more importance .
The SAP Project System optimizes the business processes from project planning
through to carrying out the project and enables a project progress analysis. You
can plan, carry out and control projects in a target-orientated and a business
fashion.
QM - Quality Management
A suite of tools and processes that managers and executives can use to introduce
enterprise-wide, value-chain-orientated management practices. SAP SEM
provides an integrated, realtime overview of the performance of a company -
over and beyond its organisational structures. This enables managers to gauge -
and even increase - the value of their company.
SM - Solution Management
Management concept which ensures that SAP solutions have the services,
support, expertise and infrastructure they need to perform reliably at lowest cost
of ownership.
Flow of structured or ad-hoc tasks including the organizational role and people as
well as business documents involved and along a business process. A computer-
supported workflow allows you to model, execute and control workflows, typically
with a graphical user interface. SAP has offered Web-enabled SAP Business
Workflow since SAP R/3 release 3.1 (today: mySAP Enterprise Resource
Planning).
WM - Warehouse Management
XI - Exchange Infrastructure
SAP, BAAN, JD Edwards, Oracle Financials, Siebel, PeopleSoft. Among all the
ERP’s most of the companies implemented or trying to implement SAP because of
number of advantages over other ERP packages.