EPMP Capacity Planner Guide R2.4.3

ePMP Capacity Planner Guide
Release 2.4.3
ePMP Series introduction
The purpose of this document is to provide a quick description on how to use the ePMP Capacity
Planner. The Cambium Networks ePMP Series is a wireless access system designed to create a radio
local area network (RLAN) through microwave links in a point-to-multipoint (PMP) mode or a point-topoint (PTP) mode operating in the 2.4 and 5 GHz unlicensed bands. The ePMP Capacity Planner can offer
a quick help to determine the expected performances in terms of distances of an ePMP Series system
operating in line-of-sight (LOS), near line-of-sight (nLOS) or non line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation
condition according to the configuration of several system parameters like channel bandwidth and
antenna selection.
The ePMP System creates a point-to-multipoint or a point-to-point wireless broadband connection
transmitting a radio signal with OFDM modulation and MIMO transmission technique.
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division multiplexing) is a multi-carrier radio signal modulation based on
the subdivision of the broadband channel into orthogonally-positioned subcarriers, each of which is
modulated based on a conventional modulation scheme. With the OFDM technique, a very high data
rate can be obtained increasing the systems spectrum efficiency.
The following are the subcarriers modulation schemes which can be used by the ePMP System:
QPSK
16-QAM
64-QAM
Each modulation supports multiple coding rates. For example 64-QAM supports coding rates 5/6, 3/4
and 2/3.
The OFDM channel bandwidth can be configured with one of four possible values: 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 20
MHz and 40 MHz. Wider channel bandwidth configurations allow for greater connection capacity as the
signal occupies a larger portion of the spectrum. Narrower channel bandwidth configurations increase
reception sensitivity and allow for more opportunities to operate in spectrum-constrained RF
environments.
The channel bandwidth must be configured with the same values in both the AP and SM modules of the
ePMP System.
MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) radio transmission offers the capability of increasing the
capacity of a radio connection by transmitting and receiving parallel signals on separate Tx/Rx chains.
When the benefits of the MIMO techniques are combined with OFDM signaling and high system gain,
operators can achieve a highly robust radio connection in conditions of non-line-of-sight (NLOS)
propagation. The ePMP System uses 2x2 MIMO with two radio receivers and two transmitters in both
the AP module and the SM module, transmitting in both directions two radio signals in the same
frequency. One signal is vertically polarized and the other signal is horizontally polarized, with dual
stream mode: the system transmits two distinct parallel data flows one by way of the vertically
polarized radio signal and the other by way of the horizontally polarized radio signal. In this way, the
ePMP System doubles its transmission capacity.
The ePMP system also offers a single stream mode, in which both transmit chains transmit the same
data, which is then combined at the receiver. This mode improves the sensitivity of the system and
increases the range.
Cambium Networks offers two sector antennas to be used with the AP module of the ePMP System to
create the RF coverage of service areas in multisector sites. The antennas provided by Cambium
2
Networks are specifically designed to optimize the performance in terms of radio coverage of the ePMP
System:
90 sector antenna for sites with up to 4 AP modules
120 sector antenna for sites with up to 3 AP modules
Types of connections
The ePMP Series can provide LOS (Line-Of-Sight) connectivity, nLOS (near Line-Of-Sight) connectivity and
NLOS (Non-Line-Of-Sight) connectivity. A definition of these different propagation conditions are the
following.
LOS: the optical line between the AP and the SM and the first Fresnel zone are clear.
nLOS: the optical line between the AP and the SM is clear, but a portion of the first Fresnel zone is
blocked.
NLOS: the optical line between the AP and the SM and a portion or even much of the first Fresnel zone
are blocked, but subsequent Fresnel zones are open.
Link budget calculation
The link budget is the list of all the gains and losses that contribute to the propagation of the radio
frequency signal that travels from the transmitter to the receiver.
The parameters that are taken into account for the calculation of the link budget are described below:
Transmitter output power: the median power level of the transmitter in the transmission channel
expressed in dBm (relative to milliwatt). This level is configured for the AP transmitter by the regulatory
limits and is automatically adjusted in the SM transmitter through ATPC (Automatic Transmit Power
Control) functionality in order to get the maximum value.
Cable loss: the loss expressed in dB associated with the coaxial cable used to connect the transmitter
with the antenna. The loss typically depends on the length of the cable and its quality.
Transmitter antenna gain: assuming that the transmitter antenna main axis is oriented in the direction
of the receiver antenna, the maximum gain given in dB declared by the manufacturer is used.
EIRP (Effective Isotropic Radiated Power): is the sum of the transmitter output power and transmitter
antenna gain minus the cable loss, expressed in dBm.
Receiver antenna gain: assuming that the receiver antenna main axis is oriented in the direction of the
transmitter antenna, the maximum gain given in dB declared by the manufacturer is used.
Fade margin: the amount of power given in dB that represents the difference between the median
signal level at the receiver input and the receiver sensitivity. When the link fades exceeding the fade
margin an outage occurs. Fade margin must be selected by the user according to the link availability
target that must be met.
Receiver sensitivity: the minimum median signal level needed at the input of the receiver to achieve a
receiver output quality specific to a particular modulation scheme. Higher order modulation schemes
require higher quality receiver output and higher received power signal levels.
System Gain: the difference, expressed in dB, between the EIRP and the lowest order modulation
receiver sensitivity and cable loss. It conventionally refers to the minimum of the uplink and downlink
system gains and represents the maximum FSPL achievable with a particular system configuration.
FSPL (Free Space Path Loss): it represents the radio frequency propagation calculation used in the tool
and is the attenuation between the transmitter antenna and the receiver antenna in free-space given by
the Friis formula:
FSPL [dB] = 32.44 + 20logf + 20logd
Where f is expressed in MHz and d is expressed in kilometers
FSPL [dB] = 36.6 + 20logf + 20logd
Where f is expressed in MHz and d is expressed in miles

This link budget calculation can be considered a valid approximation for LOS propagation in flat fading
conditions where the operating bandwidth is less than the coherence bandwidth of the radio channel
that is when the same degree of fading affects all frequencies of the signal bandwidth. In case the radio
channel is experiencing frequency-selective fading effect the LOS range results may not be valid.
LINK BUDGET
The user interface of the LINK BUDGET tab is divided into three main parts: System Configuration, Link
Budget and Coverage and Capacity.
ePMP CAPACITY PLANNER
Cambium Networks confidential, not commercially binding
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
Region
Frequency band
Fade Margin
Others
5.7/5.8 [GHz]
0 [dB]
Lower frequency
Upper frequency
Channel Bandwidth
20 [MHz]
AP EIRP limit
- [dBm]
Max AP Tx Power (max MCS)
23 [dBm]
Connectorized
AP type
AP antenna system
AP 3rd party antenna gain
3rd party connectorized SMs in sector?
3rd party conn. SM antenna gain
23 [dBi]
3rd party conn. SM antenna cable loss

Environment
Range unit
Max range
Frame duration
Number of SMs/sector
Duty cycle
Max Combined AP Tx power (min MCS)
Interference measured?
SM antenna for measuring interference
Downlink interference level
Uplink interference level
% of SMs with uneven paths (single stream MCS)
PTP Mode
1 [dB]
LOS
miles
5 [mi]
5.0 [ms]
30
75/25
30 [dBm]
No
INTEGRATED
0 [dBm]
0 [dBm]
10%
Dual Stream
SM antenna for displaying data
INTEGRATED
AP Tx Power per chain (MCS15)
20 [dBm]
1
15.0
37
-69
-70
-72
-77
-80
-84
-86
-69
-70
-72
-77
-80
-84
-86
0
13.0
SM Rx Sensitivity
(Conservative assumption for single stream
MCS: large difference between RSSI of two
branches)
SM Cable Loss
SM Antenna Gain
Total DL Gain (MCS15) =
The link is balanced
116
119
123
131
134
138
140
116
119
123
131
134
138
140
CapacityPlanner@cambiumnetworks.com
DL
UL
Total
0.100 [Watts]
[dB]
[dBi]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dB]
[dBi]
0.001 [Watts]
Connectorized
5.012 [Watts]
64QAM 5/6
MCS15
64QAM 3/4
MCS14
64QAM 2/3
MCS13
16QAM 3/4
MCS12
16QAM 1/2
MCS11
QPSK 3/4
MCS10
QPSK 1/2
MCS9
64QAM 5/6 SS MCS7
64QAM 3/4 SS MCS6
64QAM 2/3 SS MCS5
16QAM 3/4 SS MCS4
16QAM 1/2 SS MCS3
QPSK 3/4 SS MCS2
QPSK 1/2 SS MCS1
0.001 [Watts]
Yes
SYSTEM GAIN
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
Potential DL Range
2.57 [mi]
3.64 [mi]
5.76 [mi]
14.47 [mi]
20.44 [mi]
32.40 [mi]
40.00 [mi]
2.57 [mi]
3.64 [mi]
5.76 [mi]
14.47 [mi]
20.44 [mi]
32.40 [mi]
40.00 [mi]
40.00 [mi]
Modulation
MCS15
MCS14
MCS13
MCS12
MCS11
MCS10
MCS9
MCS7
MCS6
MCS5
MCS4
MCS3
MCS2
MCS1
MCS1 with diversity
Capacity (Mbps)
40.0 [mi]
Max range limit
LINK BUDGET FOR INTEGRATED ANTENNA

DOWNLINK BUDGET (AP to SM)
AP Cable Loss
AP Antenna Gain
Combined AP EIRP
23 [dBm]
Max SM Tx Power (max MCS)
25 [dBi]
1 [dB]
Yes
- [dBm]
SM EIRP limit
Cambium 90 sector
AP 3rd party antenna cable loss
5725 [MHz]
5980 [MHz]
UPLINK BUDGET (SM to AP)
SM Tx Power per chain

(MCS15)
SM Cable Loss
SM Antenna Gain
Combined SM EIRP
AP Rx Sensitivity
(Conservative assumption
for single stream MCS:
large difference between
RSSI of two branches)
AP Cable Loss
AP Antenna Gain
Total UL Gain (MCS15)
COVERAGE AND CAPACITY

Potential UL range
2.57 [mi]
3.64 [mi]
5.76 [mi]
14.47 [mi]
20.44 [mi]
32.40 [mi]
40.00 [mi]
2.57 [mi]
3.64 [mi]
5.76 [mi]
14.47 [mi]
20.44 [mi]
32.40 [mi]
40.00 [mi]
40.00 [mi]
Max DL Throughput
70.1 Mbps
62.0 Mbps
56.6 Mbps
40.4 Mbps
27.0 Mbps
21.6 Mbps
13.5 Mbps
35.0 Mbps
32.3 Mbps
27.0 Mbps
21.6 Mbps
13.5 Mbps
10.8 Mbps
8.1 Mbps
8.1 Mbps
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
20 [dBm]
0
13.0
36
-69
-70
-72
-77
-80
-84
-86
-69
-70
-72
-77
-80
-84
-86
1
15.0
116
119
123
131
134
138
140
116
119
123
131
134
138
140
[dB]
[dBi]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dB]
[dBi]
0.100 [Watts]
0.001 [Watts]
Yes
4.0 [Watts]
64QAM 5/6
MCS15
64QAM 3/4
MCS14
64QAM 2/3
MCS13
16QAM 3/4
MCS12
16QAM 1/2
MCS11
QPSK 3/4
MCS10
QPSK 1/2
MCS9
64QAM 5/6 SS MCS7
64QAM 3/4 SS MCS6
64QAM 2/3 SS MCS5
16QAM 3/4 SS MCS4
16QAM 1/2 SS MCS3
QPSK 3/4 SS MCS2
QPSK 1/2 SS MCS1
0.001 [Watts]
Connectorized
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
Max UL Throughput
20.2 Mbps
18.2 Mbps
16.2 Mbps
12.1 Mbps
8.1 Mbps
6.1 Mbps
4.0 Mbps
10.1 Mbps
9.4 Mbps
8.1 Mbps
6.1 Mbps
4.0 Mbps
3.4 Mbps
2.0 Mbps
2.0 Mbps
Max Total Throughput

90.3 Mbps
80.2 Mbps
72.8 Mbps
52.6 Mbps
35.0 Mbps
27.6 Mbps
17.5 Mbps
45.2 Mbps
41.8 Mbps
35.0 Mbps
27.6 Mbps
17.5 Mbps
14.2 Mbps
10.1 Mbps
10.1 Mbps
47.1
13.6
60.7
Scheduling latency (ms)

DL
17.5
UL
55.0
Total
72.5
DL coverage and DL/UL/Total Throughput
MCS1 not used

MCS9 not used
MCS10 not used
MCS11 not used
MCS12 not used
MCS13 56.6/16.17/72.77 Mbps
MCS14 61.99/18.19/80.18 Mbps
MCS15 70.08/20.21/90.29 Mbps
In the SYSTEM CONFIGURATION menu the fields in green represent the parameters that can be set by
the user according to the system configuration that is applied to the ePMP system. The fields in white
are output values to be used as references for the input parameters setting.
Region
Frequency band
Fade Margin
Channel Bandwidth
AP type
AP antenna system
Others
5.7/5.8 [GHz]
0 [dB]
20 [MHz]
Connectorized
Cambium 90 sector
25 [dBi]
1 [dB]
Yes
23 [dBi]

Environment
Range unit
Max range
Frame duration
Duty cycle
PTP Mode
Lower frequency
Upper frequency
1 [dB]
LOS
miles
5 [mi]
5.0 [ms]
30
75/25
30 [dBm]
No
INTEGRATED
0 [dBm]
0 [dBm]
10%
Dual Stream
5725 [MHz]
5980 [MHz]
AP EIRP limit
- [dBm]
Max AP Tx Power (max MCS)
23 [dBm]
SM EIRP limit
- [dBm]
Max SM Tx Power (max MCS)
23 [dBm]
Max range limit
40.0 [mi]
The reference values are the following:

Lower frequency: lower edge of the selected frequency band
Upper frequency: upper edge of the selected frequency band
AP EIRP limit: limit of the combined power emitted by the AP antenna system, as defined by the
regulatory selected. A value of "-" indicates that no limit is defined by the regulatory region selected.
Max AP Tx Power (max MCS): upper limit of the combined power that can be applied to the AP antenna
system, in order to be compliant to the EIRP limit. If the selected regulatory does not restrict the EIRP,
this is the upper limit of the combined power that can be applied to the AP antenna system at the
highest MCS level.
SM EIRP limit: limit of the combined power emitted by the SM antenna system, as defined by the
regulatory selected. A value of "-" indicates that no limit is defined by the regulatory region selected.
Max SM Tx Power (max MCS): upper limit of the combined power that can be applied to the SM
antenna system, in order to be compliant to the EIRP limit. . If the selected regulatory does not restrict
the EIRP, this is the upper limit of the combined power that can be applied to the AP antenna system at
the highest MCS level.
Max range limit: minimum of maximum range calculated using the configuration parameters input in
the tool and limit of the ePMP product. The unit of the range is miles or kilometers as explained below.
The values that can be configured are the following:
Region: selection of the regulatory set of rules to be applied according to the country of operation.
Frequency band: selection of the 5GHz spectrum band (4.920-4.995 GHz, 5.000-5.080 GHz, 5.085-5.150
GHz, 5.1 GHz, 5.2 GHz, 5.4GHz or 5.7/5.8GHz) or 2.4 GHz spectrum band. Not all frequency bands are
available in all regions.
Fade Margin: setting of the margin on signal fading that the user wants to introduce in order to obtain
the desired link availability.
The following table summarizes the estimated fade margin for a certain link availability.
Fade Margin
Fade Margin
Link availability Fade margin Fade Margin
in LOS
in nLOS
in NLOS (suburban) in NLOS (urban)
90%
0 dB
2.5 dB
4 dB
7.5 dB
99%
2 dB
4.5 dB
9 dB
17 dB
99.9%
5 dB
6.5 dB
16 dB
27 dB
99.99%
8 dB
9 dB
24 dB
37 dB
Channel Bandwidth: selection of the width of the operating channel (5 MHz, 10 MH, 20MHz or 40MHz).
AP type: selection of the type of radio used at the AP site (connectorized or integrated). Typically the AP
is a connectorized radio with a sector antenna, and the SM is an integrated radio. However, the Capacity
Planner gives the option of selecting any type of radio on either side, in case a PTP link is established.
For example, a PTP link can be configured with two integrated radios or with two connectorized radios
with small beamwidth antennas.
AP antenna system: selection of the antenna used for the AP module (90 sector antenna, 120 sector
antenna or 3rd party). The 90 and the 120 sector antennae are provided by Cambium. Selecting 3rd
party in this field allows the user to input the parameters of any other antenna that is being used.
This field is valid only if the AP type is selected as Connectorized.
AP 3rd party antenna gain: input field of AP antenna gain if the AP antenna system is selected as 3rd
party
AP 3rd party antenna cable loss: input field of AP antenna cable loss if the AP antenna system is selected
as 3rd party
Region
Frequency band
Fade Margin
Others
5.7/5.8 [GHz]
0 [dB]
Channel Bandwidth
20 [MHz]
AP type
AP antenna system
Connectorized
3rd party
25 [dBi]
1 [dB]
3rd party connectorized SMs in sector?: Answer Yes if any of the SMs deployed in the sector that is
being configured is connectorized.
8
3rd party conn. SM antenna gain: input field of SM antenna gain if any connectorized SMs are deployed
in the sector. This field is valid only if the 3rd party connectorized SMs in sector? is selected as Yes.
3rd party conn. SM antenna cable loss: input field of SM antenna cable loss if any connectorized SMs are
deployed in the sector. This field is valid only if the 3rd party connectorized SMs in sector? is selected as
Yes.
Region
Frequency band
Fade Margin
Others
5.7/5.8 [GHz]
0 [dB]
Channel Bandwidth
20 [MHz]
AP type
AP antenna system
Connectorized
Cambium 90 sector
25 [dBi]

1 [dB]
Yes
23 [dBi]
1 [dB]
Environment: type of propagation environment. The options for this field are: LOS, near LOS, NLOS
(suburban) or NLOS (urban).
The following table summarizes the excess path loss used in the range calculation formula for each
selection of the Environment parameter.
Environment
Excess Path Loss
LOS
0 dB
nLOS
5 dB
NLOS (suburban)
15 dB
NLOS (urban)
25 dB
Range unit: unit for ranges used throughout the tool. Choices are miles or kilometers.
Max range: distance between the AP and the location of the farther SM the user wants to serve with the
AP. The potential maximum cell size is calculated using other link budget parameters selected in the
green cells and is shown as the Max range limit. If the Maximum range input is larger than the Max
range limit an error message appears. The Max range limit is a reference value and cannot be changed.
The unit for the Max range and the Max range limit is either miles or kilometers, depending on the
Range unit selection.
With a smaller cell size, a larger percentage of users can use higher order modulation, and the sector
capacity is higher. On the other hand, with smaller cells network planning becomes very important, in
order to limit interference between sectors using the same frequency.
10
Frame duration: Time of each TDD cycle. Options are 5 ms and 2.5 ms. The 5 ms options alloews higher
throughput, as the overhead of the system is lower; the 2.5 ms option allows a lower latency.
Number of SMs/sector: Number of SMs connected to one AP in one sector. The number of SMs affects
the throughput that can be achieved in a sector, and also the scheduling latency within the AP.
The maximum number of SMs that can be connected in one sector is 120. If a larger number is input in
this field, an error message appears.
If only one SM per sector is selected, it is assumed that this is a PTP link.
Duty cycle: Percentage of frame time dedicated to downlink (AP to SM) transmission / percentage of
frame time dedicated to uplink (SM to AP). The options are 75/25, 50/50 and 30/70.
11
In the ePMP system, the selected duty cycle does not necessarily translate to the same ratio of DL/UL
throughput. The reason is that the UL resources dedicated to data transmission vary according to the
number of SMs in the sector, because each SM is periodically polled.
Max Combined AP Tx power (min MCS): maximum power transmitted by both transmit chains at the
lowest MCS level. This field can be used to limit the Tx power to go beyond a certain value when
Country is selected as Others, as explained in the DOWNLINK AND UPLINK BUDGET section. If the
Country is not selected as Others, then this field is not used.
Interference measured?: Select Yes if the system experiences interference. Otherwise select No.
12
SM antenna for measuring interference: Antenna type used at the SM to measure the DL interference
level. This field is valid only if Interference measured? field is selected as Yes. The options in the dropdown menu depend on the frequency band selected.
Downlink interference level: Value (in dBm) of the interference being measured in the downlink
channel currently used (co-channel). This field is valid only if the Interference measured? field is
selected as Yes.
Uplink interference level: Value (in dBm) of the interference being measured in the uplink channel
currently used (co-channel). This field is valid only if the Interference measured? field is selected as
Yes.
13
Region
Frequency band
Fade Margin
Channel Bandwidth
AP type
AP antenna system
Others
5.7/5.8 [GHz]
0 [dB]
20 [MHz]
Connectorized
Cambium 90 sector
25 [dBi]
1 [dB]
Yes
23 [dBi]

Environment
Range unit
Max range
Frame duration
Duty cycle
1 [dB]
LOS
miles
5 [mi]
5.0 [ms]
30
75/25
30 [dBm]
Yes
INTEGRATED
-98 [dBm]
-98 [dBm]
% of SMs with uneven paths (single stream MCS): Some of the SMs deployed in the sector may
experience a large difference between the received signal strength of the two paths. For example, a
NLOS condition can cause this scenario. In this case, the ePMP rate adapt algorithm would select one of
the single stream MCS options (MCS1 to MCS7). This field is an estimate of the percentage of SMs in this
deployment scenario.
PTP Mode: If the Number of SMs/sector is set to 1, the system is a PTP link. In this case the PTP Mode
field indicates if the PTP link uses a single stream MCS or a dual stream MCS.
14
Both the LINK BUDGET section and the COVERAGE AND CAPACITY section display results for one of the
available SM antenna types. The SM antenna type the user wants to display is selected in the SM
antenna for displaying data field. The options available in the drop-down menu depend on the
frequency band selected.
LINK BUDGET
In the LINK BUDGET part of the user interface the settings of all the parameters included in the link
budget calculation are listed in two columns: one for the downlink direction (from AP to SM) and one for
the uplink direction (from SM to AP) for the SM with antenna type selected in the SM antenna for
displaying data field.
The sensitivity values are listed for all the MCS levels supported (MCS15 to MCS 9, and MCS7 to MCS1).
The modulation and coding rate corresponding to each MCS level is also shown in this section.
INTEGRATED
AP Tx Power per chain (MCS15)
20 [dBm]
LINK BUDGET FOR INTEGRATED ANTENNA

DOWNLINK BUDGET (AP to SM)
AP Cable Loss
AP Antenna Gain
Combined AP EIRP
SM Rx Sensitivity
(Conservative assumption for single stream
MCS: large difference between RSSI of two
branches)
SM Cable Loss
SM Antenna Gain
The link is balanced
1
15.0
37
-69
-70
-72
-77
-80
-84
-86
-69
-70
-72
-77
-80
-84
-86
0
13.0
116
119
123
131
134
138
140
116
119
123
131
134
138
140
[dB]
[dBi]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dB]
[dBi]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
0.100 [Watts]
0.001 [Watts]
Connectorized
5.012 [Watts]
64QAM 5/6
MCS15
64QAM 3/4
MCS14
64QAM 2/3
MCS13
16QAM 3/4
MCS12
16QAM 1/2
MCS11
QPSK 3/4
MCS10
QPSK 1/2
MCS9
64QAM 5/6 SS MCS7
64QAM 3/4 SS MCS6
64QAM 2/3 SS MCS5
16QAM 3/4 SS MCS4
16QAM 1/2 SS MCS3
QPSK 3/4 SS MCS2
QPSK 1/2 SS MCS1
0.001 [Watts]
Yes
SYSTEM GAIN
UPLINK BUDGET (SM to AP)
SM Tx Power per chain

(MCS15)
SM Cable Loss
SM Antenna Gain
Combined SM EIRP
AP Rx Sensitivity
(Conservative assumption
for single stream MCS:
large difference between
RSSI of two branches)
AP Cable Loss
AP Antenna Gain
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
20 [dBm]
0
13.0
36
-69
-70
-72
-77
-80
-84
-86
-69
-70
-72
-77
-80
-84
-86
1
15.0
116
119
123
131
134
138
140
116
119
123
131
134
138
140
[dB]
[dBi]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dBm]
[dB]
[dBi]
0.100 [Watts]
0.001 [Watts]
Yes
4.0 [Watts]
64QAM 5/6
MCS15
64QAM 3/4
MCS14
64QAM 2/3
MCS13
16QAM 3/4
MCS12
16QAM 1/2
MCS11
QPSK 3/4
MCS10
QPSK 1/2
MCS9
64QAM 5/6 SS MCS7
64QAM 3/4 SS MCS6
64QAM 2/3 SS MCS5
16QAM 3/4 SS MCS4
16QAM 1/2 SS MCS3
QPSK 3/4 SS MCS2
QPSK 1/2 SS MCS1
0.001 [Watts]
Connectorized
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
The AP Tx Power per chain and the SM Tx power per chain are shown for the most robust modulation
and coding level (MCS15). In FCC and ETSI regions, this value is also the Tx power per chain at any other
modulation level, because the Tx power is limited by regulatory requirements.
When the Country in the SYSTEM CONFIGURATION section is selected as Others, the Tx power level is
increased at lower modulation and coding levels. The reason is that at lower modulation levels the
system can tolerate a higher level of EVM (error vector magnitude) on the constellation, because the
constellation points are farther apart. For example, in the 5.7/5.8 GHz band the transmit power is equal
to 20 dBm per chain at MCS15, but it goes up to 22 dBm per chain at MCS14, all the way to 30 dBm per
chain at MCS1. If the user does not want the Tx power to increase, it can limit it using the field Max
15
Combined AP Tx power in the SYSTEM CONFIGURATION section. If a value lower than 30 dBm is input
in this field, the Tx power will be limited by this value at any modulation mode.
When the system experiences interference and Yes is selected in the Interference measured? field in
the SYSTEM CONFIGURATION section, the noise floor of the system increases according to the
interference levels, and the DL/UL receive sensitivities for all MCS levels change. With higher
interference levels a stronger signal is needed at the receiver to achieve the same MCS level.
The effect of co-channel interference is a reduction of the potential range for each MCS level as shown
in the COVERAGE AND CAPACITY section. This results in a number of SMs not being able to connect if
the maximum range was set as equal to the maximum potential range, or in the average capacity
decreasing because fewer SMs can use higher MCS levels.
The SYSTEM GAIN is reported for every modulation scheme in both the downlink and the uplink
directions. The table includes a note highlighting the eventual amount of imbalance of the System Gains
that can be useful to reconfigure the system.
Note that the calculations are performed with sensitivity values with one decimal point precision, but
both the sensitivity values and the gain values are shown as integer numbers.

In the COVERAGE AND CAPACITY section of the user interface the results of the link budget calculation
are shown for the SM with antenna type selected in the SM antenna for displaying data field.
This section shows the expected range, the expected maximum DL, UL and total throughput, the sector
capacity, the latency, and a plot summarizing coverage and capacity results.
Modulation
MCS15
MCS14
MCS13
MCS12
MCS11
MCS10
MCS9
MCS7
MCS6
MCS5
MCS4
MCS3
MCS2
MCS1
MCS1 with diversity
Potential DL Range
2.57 [mi]
3.64 [mi]
5.76 [mi]
14.47 [mi]
20.44 [mi]
32.40 [mi]
40.00 [mi]
2.57 [mi]
3.64 [mi]
5.76 [mi]
14.47 [mi]
20.44 [mi]
32.40 [mi]
40.00 [mi]
40.00 [mi]
DL
UL
Total
Capacity (Mbps)

Potential UL range
2.57 [mi]
3.64 [mi]
5.76 [mi]
14.47 [mi]
20.44 [mi]
32.40 [mi]
40.00 [mi]
2.57 [mi]
3.64 [mi]
5.76 [mi]
14.47 [mi]
20.44 [mi]
32.40 [mi]
40.00 [mi]
40.00 [mi]
Max DL Throughput
70.1 Mbps
62.0 Mbps
56.6 Mbps
40.4 Mbps
27.0 Mbps
21.6 Mbps
13.5 Mbps
35.0 Mbps
32.3 Mbps
27.0 Mbps
21.6 Mbps
13.5 Mbps
10.8 Mbps
8.1 Mbps
8.1 Mbps
Max UL Throughput
20.2 Mbps
18.2 Mbps
16.2 Mbps
12.1 Mbps
8.1 Mbps
6.1 Mbps
4.0 Mbps
10.1 Mbps
9.4 Mbps
8.1 Mbps
6.1 Mbps
4.0 Mbps
3.4 Mbps
2.0 Mbps
2.0 Mbps
Max Total Throughput

90.3 Mbps
80.2 Mbps
72.8 Mbps
52.6 Mbps
35.0 Mbps
27.6 Mbps
17.5 Mbps
45.2 Mbps
41.8 Mbps
35.0 Mbps
27.6 Mbps
17.5 Mbps
14.2 Mbps
10.1 Mbps
10.1 Mbps
47.1
13.6
60.7
Scheduling latency (ms)

DL
17.5
UL
55.0
Total
72.5
DL coverage and DL/UL/Total Throughput
MCS1 not used

MCS9 not used
MCS10 not used
MCS11 not used
MCS12 not used
MCS13 56.6/16.17/72.77 Mbps
MCS14 61.99/18.19/80.18 Mbps
MCS15 70.08/20.21/90.29 Mbps
The DL/UL Potential Range represent, for each modulation scheme, the maximum distance at which the
radio link can operate with the selected configuration and fade margin. Values of range in red indicate
that the potential range is larger than the maximum range set in the Max range field in the SYSTEM
16
CONFIGURATION section.
For single stream MCS, the conservative assumption that one of the two paths is completely corrupted
is assumed. On exception is for MCS 1 in the outer ring of the coverage area. In this area, MCS 1 will be
selected by the rate adapt algorithm even if the two branches have comparable SNR, because the
combining gain allows a longer range communication. In this section, the MCS1 row corresponds to
MCS1 when one path is obstructed, while MCS1 with diversity corresponds to MCS1 with combining
gain at the receiver.
The DL/UL/Total Max Throughput is the Downlink/Uplink/Total capacity of the sector assuming all the
registered SMs are operating at that modulation.
The DL/UL/Total Capacity is the Downlink/Uplink/Total capacity of the sector, taking into account the
percentage of users using each modulation, under the assumption that the users are evenly distributed
in the covered area and that they all generate the same amount of traffic. This calculation also includes
the percentage of SMs estimated to support a single stream MCS. The capacity of the sector is
calculated as a proportion of the peak capacity taking into account the AP antenna pattern and the fact
that the users are evenly distributed in the covered area.
The covered area is limited by the Max range field set in the SYSTEM CONFIGURATION section.
Appendix A shows an example of capacity calculations.
The DL/UL/Total scheduling latency (in ms) shows the time needed at the AP to schedule all the SMs
connected in the sector, and it depends on the number of SMs set in the SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
section. This is less than the total latency the system experiences, which depends on additional factors.
The plot in the COVERAGE AND CAPACITY section shows the range of communication that can be
achieved with each modulation and coding level in the downlink, up to the maximum range set in the
Max range field in the SYSTEM CONFIGURATION section.
The plot in the COVERAGE AND CAPACITY section shows the range of communication that can be
achieved with each MCS level, up to the maximum range set in the Max range field in the SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION section. If some MCS levels cover an area outside the Max range field, those MCS
levels are not used. The legend of the plot indicates which MCS levels are not used, together with the
peak DL/UL/Total throughput for each used MCS level. This plot assumes that the two received paths
have comparable SNR. Therefore the rate adapt will select only dual stream MCS levels (MCS 9 to MCS
15) plus possibly MCS 1 for extending the range beyond the coverage achievable with MCS 9.
17
NETWORK PLANNING
The network planning tab calculates the total number of enterprise and/or residential customers that
can be supported in a sector, given a selected distribution of plans.
ePMP NETWORK PLANNER

Downlink %
Max Cell Size (miles)
% Integrated SMs
% SMs with ePMP 100 FORCE
% SMs with Reflector
% 3rd party conn SMs
Ent. Oversubscription rate
Res. Oversubscription rate
75%
5
20%
20%
30%
20%
10%
5
15
NETWORK CONFIGURATION
Max %
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
SM antenna type distribution
ePMP Force 110

ePMP Force 100
Connectorized
Reflector
% of SMs with uneven paths

Avg DL capacity
Avg UL capacity
Avg Tot capacity
10%
52.6 Mbps
15.2 Mbps
67.8 Mbps
Integrated
Enterprise Monthly Service Plan A
Downlink
3.0 Mbps
5.0 Mbps
10.0 Mbps
20.0 Mbps
Uplink
3.0 Mbps
5.0 Mbps
10.0 Mbps
20.0 Mbps
Average
Distributio
n
25%
50%
20%
5%
Uplink
1.0 Mbps
5.0 Mbps
10.0 Mbps
15.0 Mbps
Average
Distributio
n
10%
20%
50%
20%
Average DL
Throughput/user
6.25 Mbps
Average UL
Throughput/user
6.25 Mbps
Total
DL
UL
Users/sector Users/sector Users/sector
42
12
12
Residential Monthly Service Plan B
Downlink
4.0 Mbps
15.0 Mbps
20.0 Mbps
30.0 Mbps
Average DL
Throughput/user
19.40 Mbps
Average UL
Throughput/user
9.10 Mbps
DL
UL
Total
40
25
25
Blended Monthly Service Plan C

Average DL
Throughput/user
Enterprise
Residential
50%
50%
12.83 Mbps
Average UL
Throughput/user
7.68 Mbps
DL
UL
Total
41
16
16
In the NETWORK CONFIGURATION section the fields in white cannot be changed, and they are a
summary of the selections and the results in the LINK BUDGET section. The fields in green in the
NETWORK CONFIGURATION section are populated by the user.
Downlink %: percentage of frame time allocated to the downlink (AP to SM). This field corresponds to
the Duty cycle field in the SYSTEM CONFIGURATION section of the LINK BUDGET tab.
Max Cell Size: distance (in miles or kilometers) between the AP and the location of the farther SM the
user wants to serve with the AP. This field corresponds to the Max range field in the SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION section of the LINK BUDGET tab.
% Integrated SMs, % SMs with ePMP 100 FORCE, % SMs with ePMP 110 FORCE, % SMs with Reflector
and % 3rd party conn SMs: percentage of SMs using an integrated antenna, ePMP FORCE 100, ePMP
FORCE 110, Reflector, or a 3rd party connectorized antenna respectively. The % Integrated SMs field is
calculated from the others, to give a sum of 100%.
Each percentage cannot exceed the limit shown in the Max % field for each type, which is calculated
using the parameters selected in the LINK BUDGET tab.
Ent. Oversubscription rate: oversubscription rate selected for the enterprise customers
Res. Oversubscription rate: oversubscription rate selected for the residential customers
% of SMs with uneven path: Estimated percentage of SMS that communicate with single stream MCS.
This field corresponds to the % of SMs with uneven paths (single stream MCS) field in the SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION section of the LINK BUDGET tab.
Avg DL/UL Capacity: downlink/uplink capacity of the sector, taking into account the percentage of users
using each modulation, the percentage of users communicating with single stream MCS, and the
percentage of SMs using each antenna system.
18
The assumption is that SMs with antenna types with higher gain are deployed farthest from the AP,
while SMs with antenna types with lower gain are deployed closests to the AP.
In the 5 GHz band there are four options: integrated, ePMP Force, reflector and 3rd party connectorized
SMs. Considering four concentric rings centered at the AP (where each ring can have area equal to zero
if the corresponding percentage is zero), the innermost circle includes the locations of all SMs using an
integrated antenna. The outer three rings include the locations of all SMs using the EPMP Force, the
reflector or a 3rd party connectorized antenna, with order depending on the gain of the 3rd party
connectorized antenna.
If for example the 3rd party connectorized antenna gain is higher than the gain of the ePMP Force, then
the order of the rings (starting from the AP) is: integrated, reflector, ePMP Force and 3rd party
connectorized.
In the 2.4 GHz band there are three options: integrated, reflector and 3rd party connectorized SMs.
Considering three concentric rings centered at the AP (where each ring can have area equal to zero if
the corresponding percentage is zero), the innermost circle includes the locations of all SMs using an
integrated antenna. The outer two rings include the locations of all SMs using reflector antenna or a 3rd
party connectorized antenna, with order depending on the gain of the 3rd party connectorized antenna.
For example, if the 3rd party connectorized antenna gain is higher than integrated antenna gain but
lower than the reflector gain, the order of the rings (starting from the AP) is: integrated, 3rd party
connectorized, and reflector.
The distribution of the SM antenna types in the sector is shown by the plot.
Avg Tot Capacity: sum of Avg DL Capacity and Avg UL Capacity.
Enterprise and Residential Plans

There are three types of plans. Plan A is an enterprise plan; plan B is a residential plan and plan C is a
blended plan, with a mix of enterprise and residential customers. Both the Enterprise and the
Residential plans comprise of a mix of plans with different Downlink/Uplink throughputs. The cells in
green are populated by the user, indicating the Downlink/Uplink throughputs for each plan and the
distribution (in percentage) for each plan.
For plans A and B:

Average DL Throughput/user: average downlink throughput needed by the enterprise or residential
customers with the mix of plans selected by the user. This is the weighted average of the four DL plans
using the Average Distribution values as weights.
19
Average UL Throughput/user: average uplink throughput needed by the enterprise or residential

customers with the mix of plans selected by the user. This is the weighted average of the four UL plans
using the Average Distribution values as weights.
DL Users/sector: number of users that can be supported in the sector satisfying the downlink
requirements, taking into account the oversubscription rate. This is the Avg DL capacity divided by the
average DL Throughput/user and multiplied by the oversubcription rate.
UL Users/sector: number of users that can be supported in the sector satisfying the uplink
requirements, taking into account the oversubscription rate. This is the Avg UL capacity divided by the
average UL Throughput/user and multiplied by the oversubcription rate.
Total Users/sector: lower number between the DL Users/sector and the UL Users/sector. If parameters
are selected so that the DL Users/sector and the UL Users/sector are close, then the total capacity of
the sector is fully utilized.
Plan C is a mix of plans A and B with a certain percentage selected by the user.
In this case, the Average DL Throughput/user is the weighted average of the Average DL
Throughput/user for the enterprise and residential customers, and the Average UL Throughput/user is
the weighted average of the Average UL Throughput/user for the enterprise and residential customers.
The DL Users/sector and the UL Users/sector are again calculated as the Avg DL capacity and the Avg
UL capacity divided by the Average DL Throughput/user and the Average UL Throughput/user
respectively, multiplied by the corresponding oversubscription rate.
DL Users/sector =FLOOR(Avg DL Capacity/(Enterprise % Enterprise Average DL Throughput/user /
Enterprise oversubscription rate + Residential % Residential Average DL Throughput/user / Residential
oversubscription rate)
UL Users/sector =FLOOR(Avg UL Capacity/(Enterprise % Enterprise Average UL Throughput/user /
Enterprise oversubscription rate + Residential % Residential Average UL Throughput/user / Residential
oversubscription rate)
The Total Users/sector is again the lower number between the DL Users/sector and the UL
Users/sector.
If the Total Users/sector in any of the three sections exceeds the Number of SMs per sector parameter
configured in the LINK BUDGET section, the Total Users/sector cells become red to indicate the error.
In this case, the Number of SMs per sector parameter configured in the LINK BUDGET section has to be
increased.
If the Number of SMs per sector parameter is much higher than the Total Users/sector calculated in the
NETWORK PLANNING section, the user may want to reduce the Number of SMs per sector parameter
because the maximum throughput is calculated using an unnecessarily large number of SMs.
Appendix B shows an example of calculations of number of Enterprise and Residential users.
20
SECTOR THROUGHPUT
The SECTOR THROUGHPUT CALCULATOR allows the user to either input the exact location of all the
SMs or to input the percentage of SMs that communicate at each MCS level.
ePMP SECTOR THROUGHPUT CALCULATOR
SUBSCRIBERS' LOCATIONS
SM number
SM 1
SM 2
SM 3
SM 4
SM 5
SM 6
SM 7
SM 8
SM 9
SM 10
SM 11
SM 12
SM 13
SM 14
SM 15
SM 16
SM 17
SM 18
SM 19
SM 20
SM 21
SM distance
0.5
[mi]
2.0
[mi]
[mi]
9.9
3.8
[mi]
0.2
[mi]
2.7
[mi]
1.1
[mi]
0.1
[mi]
[mi]
3.2
[mi]
0.1
3.4
[mi]
1.1
[mi]
2.9
[mi]
1.8
[mi]
4.9
[mi]
1.0
[mi]
0.4
[mi]
2.3
[mi]
0.4
[mi]
3.5
[mi]
2.3
[mi]
SM type
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
Mode
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
Dual stream
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
SM
2.3
1.5
1.3
1.0
0.3
1.9
1.0
0.3
0.2
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
INTEGRATED
Dual
Dual
Dual
Dual
Dual
Dual
Dual
Dual
Dual
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
[mi]
stream
stream
stream
stream
stream
stream
stream
stream
stream
DL MCS
MCS15
MCS15
MCS12
MCS13
MCS15
MCS14
MCS15
MCS15
MCS14
MCS15
MCS14
MCS15
MCS14
MCS15
MCS13
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS14
MCS15
UL MCS
MCS15
MCS15
MCS12
MCS13
MCS15
MCS14
MCS15
MCS15
MCS14
MCS15
MCS14
MCS15
MCS14
MCS15
MCS13
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS14
MCS15
DL
Throughput
[Mbps]
70.1
70.1
40.4
56.6
70.1
62.0
70.1
70.1
62.0
70.1
62.0
70.1
62.0
70.1
56.6
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
62.0
70.1
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
MCS15
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
70.1
UL
Total
Throughput Throughput
[Mbps]
[Mbps]
20.2
90.3
20.2
90.3
12.1
52.6
72.8
16.2
90.3
20.2
18.2
80.2
20.2
90.3
20.2
90.3
18.2
80.2
20.2
90.3
80.2
18.2
20.2
90.3
18.2
80.2
20.2
90.3
16.2
72.8
20.2
90.3
20.2
90.3
20.2
90.3
90.3
20.2
18.2
80.2
20.2
90.3
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.2
90.3
90.3
90.3
90.3
90.3
90.3
90.3
90.3
90.3
MCS15
MCS14
MCS13
MCS12
MCS11
MCS10
MCS9
MCS7
MCS6
MCS5
MCS4
MCS3
MCS2
MCS1
Total
SMs per DL modulation

SMs per UL modulation
22
22
73.3% MCS15
5
16.7% MCS14
5
2
2
6.7% MCS13
1
3.3% MCS12
1
0
0.0% MCS11
0
0
0
0.0% MCS10
0
0.0% MCS9
0
0
0
0.0% MCS7
0
0
0.0% MCS6
0
0.0% MCS5
0
0
0.0% MCS4
0
0
0.0% MCS3
0
0
0
0.0% MCS2
0
0.0% MCS1
0
Total
30
30
DL Average Capacity [Mbps]

UL Average Capacity [Mbps]
Total Average Capacity [Mbps
DL/UL/Total
DL/UL/Total
Throughput per
Throughput per
modulation [Mbps]
SM [Mbps]
73.3%
16.7%
6.7%
3.3%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
41.13/11.91/53.04
9.35/2.71/12.06
3.74/1.08/4.82
1.87/0.54/2.41
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
1.87/0.54/2.41
1.87/0.54/2.41
1.87/0.54/2.41
1.87/0.54/2.41
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
56.09
16.25
72.33
INPUT SMs DIRECTLY
MCS15
MCS14
MCS13
MCS12
MCS11
MCS10
MCS9
MCS7
MCS6
MCS5
MCS4
MCS3
MCS2
MCS1
Total

8
5
5
3
2
2
0
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
30

26.7%
16.7%
16.7%
10.0%
6.7%
6.7%
0.0%
6.7%
3.3%
3.3%
0.0%
3.3%
0.0%
0.0%
MCS15
MCS14
MCS13
MCS12
MCS11
MCS10
MCS9
MCS7
MCS6
MCS5
MCS4
MCS3
MCS2
MCS1
Total

8
5
5
3
2
2
0
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
30
26.7%
16.7%
16.7%
10.0%
6.7%
6.7%
0.0%
6.7%
3.3%
3.3%
0.0%
3.3%
0.0%
0.0%
DL/UL/Total
DL/UL/Total
Throughput per
Throughput per
modulation [Mbps]
SM [Mbps]
12.97/3.77/16.74
1.62/0.47/2.09
8.11/2.36/10.46
1.62/0.47/2.09
1.62/0.47/2.09
8.11/2.36/10.46
4.86/1.41/6.28
1.62/0.47/2.09
3.24/0.94/4.18
1.62/0.47/2.09
3.24/0.94/4.18
1.62/0.47/2.09
0/0/0
0/0/0
3.24/0.94/4.18
1.62/0.47/2.09
1.62/0.47/2.09
1.62/0.47/2.09
1.62/0.47/2.09
1.62/0.47/2.09
0/0/0
0/0/0
1.62/0.47/2.09
1.62/0.47/2.09
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
48.63
14.13
62.76
In the SUBSCRIBERS LOCATIONS section the user inputs the values in the green cells:
- the distance between the AP and each SM
- the type of SM antenna system
- the transmission mode (single stream or dual stream)
Any number of SMs can be input, up to the maximum supported by the sector, which is 120 SMs. A
blank cell indicates that the corresponding SM is not used.
DL MCS: modulation and coding level that can be supported in the downlink direction by the SM at the
distance input by the user
UL MCS: modulation and coding level that can be supported in the uplink direction by the SM at the
distance input by the user
DL Throughput: peak downlink throughput supported by the SM at the MCS level indicated in the DL
MCS field
UL Throughput: peak uplink throughput supported by the SM at the MCS level indicated in the UL MCS
field
Total Throughput: sum of DL Throughput and UL Throughput.
SMs per DL modulation: number and percentage of SMs that can communicate in the downlink
direction in each of the MCS levels, based on the distances input for each SM and the SM antenna
selection.
21
SMs per UL modulation: number and percentage of SMs that can communicate in the uplink direction in
each of the MCS levels, based on the distances input for each SM and the SM antenna selection.
DL Average capacity: downlink capacity of the sector, taking into account the percentage of users
communicating at each MCS level, under the assumption that the users are distributed in the covered
area as indicated in the SUBSCRIBERS LOCATION section and that they all generate the same amount of
traffic.
Calculations for determining this field are done in the same way described in Appendix A.
UL Average capacity: uplink capacity of the sector, taking into account the percentage of users
communicating at each MCS level, under the assumption that the users are distributed in the covered
area as indicated in the SUBSCRIBERS LOCATION section and that they all generate the same amount of
traffic.
Calculations for determining this field are done in the same way described in Appendix A.
Total Average capacity: sum of DL Average capacity and UL Average capacity.
DL/UL/Total Throughput per modulation: downlink/uplink/total throughput assigned to each
modulation. This is the product of the DL/UL/Total Average capacity and the % of SMs per DL/UL
modulation.
DL/UL/Total Throughput per SM: downlink/uplink/total throughput each SM in each modulation group
will experience, assuming all SMs are active at the same time. Note that for all MCS levels that are in use
in the sector these values are the same for all SMs. The reason is that it is assumed all SMs generate the
same amount of traffic, and therefore they are allocated the same throughput, regardless of the MCS
level they can use for communication.
INPUT SMs DIRECTLY

If the user does not want to input the distances of the SMs one by one, and they have the statistics of
the SMs distances available, the INPUT SMs DIRECTLY section can be used.
INPUT SMs DIRECTLY
MCS15
MCS14
MCS13
MCS12
MCS11
MCS10
MCS9
MCS7
MCS6
MCS5
MCS4
MCS3
MCS2
MCS1
Total

8
5
5
3
2
2
0
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
30

26.7%
16.7%
16.7%
10.0%
6.7%
6.7%
0.0%
6.7%
3.3%
3.3%
0.0%
3.3%
0.0%
0.0%
MCS15
MCS14
MCS13
MCS12
MCS11
MCS10
MCS9
MCS7
MCS6
MCS5
MCS4
MCS3
MCS2
MCS1
Total

8
5
5
3
2
2
0
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
30
26.7%
16.7%
16.7%
10.0%
6.7%
6.7%
0.0%
6.7%
3.3%
3.3%
0.0%
3.3%
0.0%
0.0%
DL/UL/Total
DL/UL/Total
Throughput per
Throughput per
modulation [Mbps]
SM [Mbps]
12.97/3.77/16.74
1.62/0.47/2.09
8.11/2.36/10.46
1.62/0.47/2.09
8.11/2.36/10.46
1.62/0.47/2.09
4.86/1.41/6.28
1.62/0.47/2.09
3.24/0.94/4.18
1.62/0.47/2.09
3.24/0.94/4.18
1.62/0.47/2.09
0/0/0
0/0/0
3.24/0.94/4.18
1.62/0.47/2.09
1.62/0.47/2.09
1.62/0.47/2.09
1.62/0.47/2.09
1.62/0.47/2.09
0/0/0
0/0/0
1.62/0.47/2.09
1.62/0.47/2.09
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
0/0/0
48.63
14.13
62.76
22
In this section the user can directly input the number of SMs for each MCS level (green cells) for the
downlink and uplink.
The DL/UL/Total Average Capacity calculations, the DL/UL/Total Throughput per modulation and the
DL/UL/Total Throughput per SM calculations are performed as explained above, but using the numbers
directly input by the user instead of using the SMs distances.
When using the SUBSCRIBER LOCATIONS section or the INPUT SMs DIRECTLY section, verify that the
total number of SMs in the sector matches the Number of SMs/sector in the LINK BUDGET tab. The
number of SMs/ sector affects the available throughput, so if the numbers do not match a wrong
throughput number is used in the calculations in this tab.
References
All the detailed informations about Cambium Networks ePMP Series can be found in the official product
documentation available for download from Cambium Networks public website:
http://www.cambiumnetworks.com/products/epmp
Questions/Comments
23
Appendix A
Example of aggregate capacity calculation
In the aggregate capacity calculation two assumptions are made:
-
The SMs are geographically evenly distributed in the covered area

All SMs generate the same amount of traffic
The input values used in this example are the following:

Others
5.7/5.8 [GHz]
0 [dB]
Region
Frequency band
Fade Margin
20 [MHz]
Channel Bandwidth
Connectorized
AP type
AP antenna system
Cambium 90 sector
25 [dBi]
1 [dB]
Yes
23 [dBi]

Environment
Range unit
Max range
Frame duration
Duty cycle
PTP Mode
1 [dB]
LOS
miles
10 [mi]
5.0 [ms]
30
50/50
30 [dBm]
No
INTEGRATED
0 [dBm]
0 [dBm]
0%
Dual Stream
INTEGRATED
These are the steps for calculating the aggregate capacity:

-
The Potential DL Range for each modulation is limited by the Max range field in the SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION section
Example with Max range set at 10 miles.
MCS level Potential range Actual range
MCS15
2.57 miles
2.58 miles
MCS14
3.64 miles
3.64 miles
MCS13
5.76 miles
5.77 miles
MCS12
14.47 miles
10 miles
24
MCS11
20.44 miles
10 miles
MCS10
32.40 miles
10 miles
MCS9
40.00 miles
10 miles
MCS1
40.00 miles
10 miles
Calculate the area (in square miles) covered with each modulation
The modulation and coding level supported by each SM in LOS conditions depends on the
distance between the AP and the SM. SMs closer to the AP can support higher MCS levels, while
SMs farther from the AP can only support lower modulation levels.
This figure shows the area covered by the AP and the eight rings corresponding to one of the
MCS levels supported by the ePMP system.
Assuming a 90 sector antenna at the AP, the areas covered by the AP at each modulation level
are shown in the next table.
MCS level Area (square miles) Area (%)
MCS15
5.21
6.64%
MCS14
5.28
6.60%
25
MCS13
15.71
20.02%
MCS12
52.39
66.74%
MCS11
0%
MCS10
0%
MCS9
0%
MCS1
0%
The area calculated for MCS levels 11 to 1 is equal to 0, because the sector under consideration
is limited at 10 mile range, so the assumption is that there are no users (and therefore no area
covered) beyond 10 miles.
The same table also shows the percentage of the total area (within the 10 mile range) covered
with each modulation. Since all SMs are assumed to be evenly distributed in the covered area,
these percentages also represent the percentages of SMs communicating at each of the MCS
levels.
Similar calculations are made for the uplink case.
-
Calculate the DL time and the UL time allocated for each MCS level
The time in the DL and UL subframes is divided among SMs (and therefore MCS levels)
proportionally to the percentage of users communicating at each MCS level. The following table
shows the DL and UL times which are calculated as
DL (UL) time for MCS X = % area for MCS X / DL (UL) throughput for MCS X
MCS level DL time (s) UL time (s)
MCS15
0.001539
0.001931
MCS14
0.001750
0.002178
MCS13
0.005863
0.007617
MCS12
0.026527
0.033025
MCS11
0.000000
0.000000
MCS10
0.000000
0.000000
MCS9
0.000000
0.000000
MCS1
0.000000
0.000000
Calculate the DL, UL and total capacity

The DL (UL) peak capacity is the inverse of the sum of the DL (UL) times allocated for each MCS.
The peak capacity is then multiplied by a factor (equal to 85%) to take into account the AP
antenna pattern and the fact that the users are evenly distributed in the covered area.
26
DL (UL) capacity = 1/sum of all DL (UL) times per MCS * antenna factor
The total capacity is simply the sum of the DL and UL capacities.
DL Capacity = 23.8 Mbps
UL Capacity = 19.0 Mbps
Total Capacity = 42.8 Mbps
In this example, the % of SMs with uneven paths is set to 0%. This means that all SMs will use dual
stream communication and no SM will use single stream communication.
If this percentage is set to a value greater than 0%, some SMs will use single stream communication, and
the average capacity for the single stream users would be calculated separately, considering the
throughput corresponding to each single-stream MCS and the percentage of SMs communicating in
single stream. The dual stream and single streat capacities are then averaged accoirding to the selected
inputs.
27
Appendix B
Example of calculation of Number of Enterprise and Residential Users
Let us assume the following configuration parameters:
Region
Frequency band
Fade Margin
Others
5.7/5.8 [GHz]
0 [dB]
20 [MHz]
Channel Bandwidth
AP type
AP antenna system
Connectorized
Cambium 90 sector
25 [dBi]

1 [dB]
Yes
23 [dBi]

Environment
Range unit
Max range
Frame duration
Duty cycle
PTP Mode
Downlink %
Max Cell Size (miles)
% Integrated SMs
% SMs with Reflector
% 3rd party conn SMs
Ent. Oversubscription rate
Res. Oversubscription rate
50%
10
20%
20%
30%
20%
10%
5
15
1 [dB]
LOS
miles
10 [mi]
5.0 [ms]
30
50/50
30 [dBm]
No
INTEGRATED
0 [dBm]
0 [dBm]
0%
Dual Stream
NETWORK CONFIGURATION
Max %
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
SM antenna type distribution
ePMP Force 110

ePMP Force 100
Connectorized
Reflector
% of SMs with uneven paths

Avg DL capacity
Avg UL capacity
Avg Tot capacity
0%
31.7 Mbps
25.2 Mbps
57.0 Mbps
Integrated
As shown in the figure, SMs closer to the AP utilize an integrated antenna, while SMs farther from the
AP utilize either one of the types of connectorized antenna.
With these configuration parameters the resulting capacities are:
Avg DL capacity
Avg UL capacity
Avg Tot capacity
31.7
25.2
57.0
Mbps
Mbps
Mbps
The plans offered to enterprise customers are:
Downlink
3.0 Mbps
5.0 Mbps
10.0 Mbps
20.0 Mbps
Uplink
3.0 Mbps
5.0 Mbps
10.0 Mbps
20.0 Mbps
Average
Distribution
25%
50%
20%
5%
28
The plans offered to residential customers are:
Downlink
4.0 Mbps
15.0 Mbps
20.0 Mbps
30.0 Mbps
Uplink
1.0 Mbps
5.0 Mbps
10.0 Mbps
15.0 Mbps
Average
Distribution
10%
20%
50%
20%
For plans A (Enterprise) and B (Residential):

Average DL Throughput/user
Enterprise Average DL Throughput/user = 3 Mbps 25% + 5 Mbps 50% + 10 Mbps 20% + 20 Mbps
5% = 6.25 Mbps
Residential Average DL Throughput/user = 4 Mbps 10% + 15 Mbps 20% + 20 Mbps 50% + 30 Mbps
20% = 19.40 Mbps
Average UL Throughput/user
Enterprise Average UL Throughput/user = 3 Mbps 25% + 5 Mbps 50% + 10 Mbps 20% + 20 Mbps
5% = 6.25 Mbps
Residential Average UL Throughput/user = 1 Mbps 10% + 5 Mbps 20% + 10 Mbps 50% + 15 Mbps
20% = 9.10 Mbps
DL Users/sector
Enterprise DL Users/sector = FLOOR(31.7 Mbps/6.25 Mbps 5) = 25
Residential DL Users/sector = FLOOR(31.7 Mbps/19.40 Mbps 15) = 24
UL Users/sector
Enterprise UL Users/sector = FLOOR(25.2 Mbps/6.25 Mbps 5) = 20
Residential UL Users/sector = FLOOR(25.2 Mbps/9.10 Mbps 15) = 41
Total Users/sector
Enterprise Total Users/sector = min(25,20) = 20
Residential Total Users/sector = min(24,41) = 24
Parameters are selected efficiently if the number of DL Users/sector is approximately equal to the
number of UL Users/sector, so that no downlink or uplink resources remain unutilized.
Plan C is a mix of plans A and B with a certain percentage selected by the user.
For this example the percentages of plans A and B are both 50%.
DL Users/sector = FLOOR(31.7 Mbps/(50% 6.25 Mbps / 5 + 50% 19.40 Mbps / 15) = 24
UL Users/sector = FLOOR(25.2 Mbps/(50% 6.25 Mbps / 5 + 50% 9.10 Mbps / 15) = 27
Total Users/sector = min(25,27) = 25
In this case, the total numbers of users calculated for the Enterprise plans (20 users), for the Residential
plans (24 users) and for a blended plan (25 users) are all lower than the Number of SMs/sector
parameters configured in the SYSTEM CONFIGURATION section in the LINK BUDGET tab.
29

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ePMP Series introduction

Link budget calculation

FSPL [dB] = 32.44 + 20logf + 20logd

Where f is expressed in MHz and d is expressed in kilometers

FSPL [dB] = 36.6 + 20logf + 20logd

Where f is expressed in MHz and d is expressed in miles

Cambium Networks confidential, not commercially binding

Max AP Tx Power (max MCS)

3rd party conn. SM antenna cable loss

SM antenna for displaying data

AP Tx Power per chain (MCS15)

Max range limit

LINK BUDGET FOR INTEGRATED ANTENNA

Max SM Tx Power (max MCS)

AP 3rd party antenna cable loss

UPLINK BUDGET (SM to AP)

SM Tx Power per chain

COVERAGE AND CAPACITY

Max Total Throughput

Scheduling latency (ms)

DL coverage and DL/UL/Total Throughput

MCS1 not used

3rd party connectorized SMs in sector?

3rd party conn. SM antenna gain

3rd party conn. SM antenna cable loss

Max AP Tx Power (max MCS)

Max SM Tx Power (max MCS)

Max range limit

The reference values are the following:

AP 3rd party antenna cable loss

3rd party conn. SM antenna gain

3rd party conn. SM antenna cable loss

Excess Path Loss

3rd party connectorized SMs in sector?

3rd party conn. SM antenna gain

3rd party conn. SM antenna cable loss

AP Tx Power per chain (MCS15)

LINK BUDGET FOR INTEGRATED ANTENNA

UPLINK BUDGET (SM to AP)

SM Tx Power per chain

COVERAGE AND CAPACITY

COVERAGE AND CAPACITY

Max Total Throughput

Scheduling latency (ms)

DL coverage and DL/UL/Total Throughput

MCS1 not used

Cambium Networks confidential, not commercially binding

SM antenna type distribution

ePMP Force 110

% of SMs with uneven paths

Enterprise Monthly Service Plan A

Residential Monthly Service Plan B

Blended Monthly Service Plan C

Avg Tot Capacity: sum of Avg DL Capacity and Avg UL Capacity.

Enterprise and Residential Plans

For plans A and B:

Average UL Throughput/user: average uplink throughput needed by the enterprise or residential

SMs per DL modulation

DL Average Capacity [Mbps]

INPUT SMs DIRECTLY

SMs per DL modulation

DL Average Capacity [Mbps]

SMs per UL modulation