INTEGRAL INDEFINIDA

Pg. 36-44
Calcular las siguientes integrales indefinidas inmediatas:

55. Calcular la integral:

g (x)

g(x )2 dx

Sea:
u = g(x)
du = g(x)dx
du u2=
Entonces:

u2+1 u1
=
2+ 1 1

du
=
u2

60. Calcular la integral:

1 1
=
+k
u g ( x)

=-

g ( x ) . g ( x)

1+ g 2 x

Sea:
u = 1+g2(x)
du = 2g(x) g(x)dx
du
=g ( x ) g ( x ) dx
u
Entonces:

du
2.u

1
= u
1
2
2

1 1 /2
2
2u + k= u+k = 1+ g ( x)
2

1
2

Sea:
u = lnx

+k

65. Calcular la integral:

+1

1 u2
1 u2
du=
+k =
+k
2 1
2 1
+1
2
2

ln ( 2 x ) + ln x dx 1
dx
2
= ( ln ( 2 )+ lnx +ln x )

3x
3
x

du =

1
dx
x

Entonces:

1 (
1
u u
ln 2+u+u2 ) du= uln2+ + +C

3
3
2 3
uln 2 u2 u3 1
1
1
+ + = ln2. lnx+ ln 2 x + lnx
3
6 9 3
6
9

e x Sen ( 4 e x +2 ) dx

70. Calcular la integral:

Sea:
u = 4ex + 2
du = 4ex dx
du
4

= e x dx

Entonces:
cos ( u ) +C

1
Sen ( u ) du=
4
du 1
Sen ( u ) =
4 4

cos( 4 e +2)
1
x
+C=
cos ( 4 e + 2 ) +C
4
4

90. Calcular la integral:

dx
x 49 ln 2 x

Completando cuadrados al denominador:

2 Sen2 x 3 Senx +

+1
3
Senx
4
2

Entonces:

( ) )+ 94

3
2

Cosx dx
2

1
3
senx
2
2

() (

=arc Sen

1
2

( )

tg3 ( xx ) Sec 2( x3 ) dx

138. Calcular la integral:

tg ( 3x ). tg2 ( x3 ) . sec2 ( 3x ) dx

( 3x )
x 1
du = Sec ( ). dx
3 3
x
3du = Sec ( ) dx
3
x
x
Entonces: tg ( ) . tg ( ) . 3 du=3 u . u .du=3 u du
3
3
u
3
x
= 3 +C= tg ( )+C
4
4
3
Sea:

u = tan

143. Calcular la integral:

cos ( Sex } ( x ) Cosx dx

Sea:
u = Senx
du = Cosxdx
Tenemos:

+C

2 Senx 3
2
arc Sen
+ C=arc Sen ( 2 Senx3 ) +C
1
2

Tenemos:

3
2

( )
Senx

Cosudu=Senu+C=Sen ( Sen ( x ) ) +C

151. Calcular la integral:

dx

4 +5 cos2 x

Dividir por Cos2x en el numerador y denominador:

dx
cos 2 x
=
4+5 cos 2 x
cos 2 x

Sec 2 xdx
4
+5
cos 2 x
2

Sec xdx
Sec xdx
=
2
2
4 Sec x+ 5
4 tg x +9

Sea:

u = tgx
du = Sec2x dx

Entonces:

du
du
1
2du
=
=
2
2
2
4 u +9
(2u) +(3) 2 (2u)2 +(3)2 , decimos: a = 3

u=u

1 1
2tgx
1
2tgx
arctg
+C= arctg
2 3
3
6
3

+C

Pag. 89-90
INTEGRALES TRIGONOMETRICAS
Calcular las siguientes integrales:

Ctg3 2 xdx
Ctg 2 x . Ctg2 2 xdx= Ctg 2 x (cos 2 2 x1) dx

14. Calcular la integral:

Sea:

Sec2x = 1 + tg2x
Csc2x = 1 + Ctg2x
Cos2x 1 = Ctg2x
=

( Ctg 2 x Csc 2 2 xCtg 2 x ) dx = Ctg 2 x .Csc 2 2 x . dx Ctg 2 x . dx

Decimos:
u = Ctg2x
du = -Cosc22x.2dx

du
2
=Cosc 2 xdx
2

Entonces:

u du
2
1 u2
2 2

ln|sen 2 x|
2
ln|sen 2 x|
ctg 2 2 x ln|sen 2 x|
+C=

2
4
2

+C

Sen3 x dx
24. Calcular la integral:
3
cos2 x cosx
Sea:
1cos
( 2 x) dx
= Senx
2
1 /3
cos x . Cosx

Senx Senx dx

cos 2 x 3 cosx

(SenxSenx cos x )dx

cos 2 x .Cosx 1/ 3

Senx dx
Senx cos x

dx
2
1 /3
2
1 /3
cos x . Cosx
Co s x . Cosx

cos2 x . cos1 /3 xdx cos 1/ 3 dx= Senx . cos1/ 3 xdx Senx . cos1/ 3 xdx

Senx

Tenemos:

=
Senx

u = Cosx
du = -Senx dx
-du= Senxdx

Entonces:

1 /3

du

1
3

du u du = u7 /3 du+ u1 /3 du

7
+1
3

1
+1
3

4
3

2
3

u
u
u
u
3 4/ 3 3 2/ 3
+
=
+ = u + u +C
7
1
4
2 4
2
+1
+1
3
3
3
3

3 4 /3 3 2 /3
3
3
u + u +C= cos4 /3 x+ cos2 /3 x+C
4
2
4
2

38. Calcular la integral:

Sec 4 x Ctg3 x dx

Sea:

Sec 4 x . Ctg 3 x dx=

1
cos4 x

Cosx 3
1
cos3 /2 x
dx=
.
dx
Senx
cos4 x Sen3 /2 x

cos3 /2 x . 1
cos 4 x . Sen3 /2 x dx= cos 3/ 2 x .cos 4 x . Sen13 /2 x dx

cos5/ 2 x Sen3 /2 dx= Sen3/ 2 . cos 5/ 2 dx

Entonces:

Identidad:
2

Sen x +cos x
dx
Sen
3/2
5 /2
x +cos x
=

Sen2 x
cos 2 x
dx+

Sen3/ 2 x +cos 5/ 2 x dx
3 /2
5 /2
Sen x+ cos x

Sen x
cos x
dx+
dx
5 /2
3 /2
cos x
Sen x

1 /2

1/ 2

Decimos:
=

Sen1 /2 x
1
cos1 /2 x
1
.
dx
+
.
dx

1 /2
2
1 /2
cos x cos x
Sen x Sen2 x

( tgx )1/ 2 ( Sec 2 x ) dx + ( Ctgx )1 /2 ( Cosec 2 x ) dx

Entonces:
u = Ctgx
du = -Cosec2xdx
=

( tgx )1/ 2 ( Sec 2 x ) dx + (Ctgx )1 /2 (Cosec 2 x ) dx

( tgx )3/ 2
3
2

( ctgx )1/ 2
+1
2

2
tg3 x+ ctgx

43. Calcular la integral:

Sen 2 ( x ) dx
cos 6 (x )

Tenemos:
Sen2 ( x )
cos2 (x) . cos 21(x ) . cos 21(x ) dx= tg2 ( x ) . Sec 2 ( x ) . Sec 2 ( x ) . dx
Decimos:

Sec 2 ( x )=tg 2 ( x ) +1

tg2 ( x ) [ tg2 ( x ) ] . Sec 2 ( x ) . dx

Entonces:
Sea:

u = tg ( x )
du = Sec 2 ( x ) . dx
du = Sec 2 (x )dx
du
=Sec 2 (x)dx

Entonces:
2

u ( u + 1)

du 1
1
2 2
4
2
=
u ( u +1 ) du= ( u +u ) du

1 u5 u3
1 tg (x) tg (x)
+ +C=
+
5 3

5
3

+C

Pg. 123-127
INTEGRALES POR PARTES
Calcular las siguientes integrales:

18. Calcular la integral:

Sea:

u = x2

x 2 ex dx
dv = e-x

v = -ex

du = 2xdx
Entonces:
2

x e e 2 x dx
=

x e + 2 xe dx

Tenemos:

u = x
du= dx

Entonces:

dv= e-x
v= -e-x

x e + 2 (x e e dx )
2 x

2 x
x
x
2 x
x
x
x e + 2 ( x e + (e ) )=x e 2 x e 2 e +C

- ex ( x2 +2 x+ 2 ) +C

36. Calcular la integral:

arctgx x dx

Sea:
u = arctg
du =

dv =

1
1
.
x +1 2 x

v=2

Entonces:
=

g2

x arctg x

2 x dx
dx
=2 x arctg x
( x+1
x+1
) 2 x

x arctg xln|x +1| + C

41. Calcular la integral:

x 3 Senx dx

Si:
u = x3

dv = Senx dx

du = 3x2dx

v = - Cosx

Entonces:
3

x Cosx Cosx . 3 x =x Cosx+ cos 3 x dx

Tenemos:
u = 3x2
du = 6x

dv= Cosxdx
v= Senx

Entonces:
x 3 Cosx+ Senx . 3 x 2 Senx 6 x dx
Ahora:

u = 6x

dv = 6dx

du = 6dx

v = -Cosx

Entonces:
=

x Cosx+ Senx . 3 x (Cosx 6 x Cosx .6 xdx )

x Cosx+ Senx . 3 x +Cosx 6 x + Cosx 6 dx

x Cosx+3 x Senx+ 6 x CosxSenx .6+C

x 3 Cosx+3 x 2 Senx+ 6 x Cosx6 Senx+C

arcSen ( 2 x ) dx

60. Calcular la integral:

Sea:

u = arcSen(2x)
du =

dv = 1

1
.2 dx
14 x 2

v=x

udv=uv vdu=xarcSen ( 2 x )

Entonces:
=

xarcSen ( 2 x )2

xarcSen ( 2 x )

xdx

14 x

= xarcSen2 x2
2

2x
dx
14 x 2

14 x 2
4

+C

14 x 2
+C
2

Pg. 169
Calcular las siguientes integrales indefinidas:
6

3 x 9 x + 4 dx
x 2 xx 5+5
3
x +4 x

16. Calcular la integral:

Tenemos:
6

x 2 x +3 x 9 x + 4
- x 6+ 5 x 4 4 x2
4

x 5 x + 4 x
x

+3 x +3 x 13 x + 4
4

13 x + 4 dx
xdx + 3 x +3x5x5
x3 + 4
Entonces:

3x

+ 3 x 313 x 2 +4 dx
x 55 x3 + 4

3 x 4+ 3 x 313 x 2 +4 dx
3 x 4 +3 x 313 x 2+ 4
=

x ( x 1 )( x +1 )( x +2 ) ( x2)
x 55 x3 + 4
Tenemos:
X(x-1) (x+1) (x-2) (x+2) Tenemos cinco factores lineales diferentes

3 x + 3 x 13 x +4
x ( x1 )( x +1 ) ( x+2 ) (x 2)

A
B
C
D
E
+
+
+
+
x x1 x +1 x+ 2 x2

Luego:
3x4 + 3x3 13x2 + 4 = A(x-1)(x+1) (x+2)(x-2) + B x(x+1)(x+2)(x-2) +
Cx(x-1)(x+2)(x-2)+Dx(x-1)(x+1)(x-2) + Ex(x-1)(x+1)(x+2)
Decimos:
Si x = 0 =>

4 = 4A + B (0) + C(0) + D(0) + E(0)

4 = 4A A = 1

Si x = 1 =>

-3 = A(0) - 6B + C(0) + D(0) + E(0)

-3 = 6B B = 1/2

Si x = -1 =>

-9 = A(0) + B (0) - 6C + D(0) + E(0)

-9 = -6C C = 3/2

Si x = 2 =>

24 = A(0) + B (0) + C(0) + D(0) + 24E

24 = 24E E = 1

Si x = -2 =>

-24 = A(0) + B (0) + C(0) + 24D + E(0)

-24 = 24D D = -1

Entonces:
4

x + 4 dx
xdx + 3 x +3x 5x512
3
x +4

1
1
3
1
1
dx+
dx +
dx +
dx+
dx
x
2(x1)
2(x +1)
(x +2)
( x2)
x2
+
2

x2
1
3
+ lnx+ ln |x1|+ ln|x1|ln|x +2|+ ln| x2|+C
2
2
2

2
x (x2) x1 (x +1)3
x
ln
2
x +2

+C

20.

x +1
dx
2 x2 x2
5
+ x4

Calcular la integral:
Tenemos:

2x5 x4 = x4 (2x-1) Un factor lineal repetido 4 veces

Un factor lineal diferente
2 x 4 2 x +1 2 x 4 2 x +1 A B C D
E
= 4
= + 2+ 3 + 4+
5
4
2 x x
x (2 x1) x x x x 2 x 1
Luego:
2x4 2x + 1 = Ax3(2x-1) + Bx2(2x-1) + Cx(2x-1) + D(2x-1) + E x4
Decimos:
Si x = 0 =>

1 = A(0) + B(0) + C(0) D + E(0)

1 = -D ->

x=

Si

1
2

=>

D = -1

1
1
=A ( 0 ) + B ( 0 )+ C ( 0 ) + D ( 0 ) +5
8
16

( )

1 1
= E
8 16

->

E=2

Entonces:
4

2 x 2 x +1 1
2
= 4+
5
4
2
x1
2 x x
x
=

1
2
dx
dx +
dx= x4 dx +2
dx
4
2
x1
2
x1
x

x3
1
+ 2 ln|2 x1|+C= 3 +2 ln |2 x1|+C
3
3x

31. Calcular la integral:

( x+ 2) 2
x2 2 dx
=
dx
x1 x
x (x1)2

( )

Tenemos:
x(x-1)2

Un factor lineal repetido 2 veces

Un factor lineal diferente

x 2 +4 x+ 4
A
B
C
=
+
+
2
2
x (x1) (x 1) (x1) x
Luego:

x2 + 4x + 4 = A (x-1) (x) + B(x) + C(x-1)2

Decimos:
Si x = 1 =>

9 = A(0) + B + C(0)
9=B

Si x = 0 =>

4 = A(0) + B + C(0)
4=C

Falta

B=9
C=4

A Si x = -1
-1 = 2A B + 4C
-1 = 2A -9 + 16

A = -3

Entonces:
x 2 +4 x+ 4
3
9
4
=
+
+
2
2
x (x1) (x 1) (x1) x

9
4
+
2
x
( x1)
3
+
( x1)

9
3 ln |x1|
+4 lnx+ C
( x1 )
2

36. Calcular la integral:

x 2 x +3
dx
(x1)(x
3
2
4 x +3 x )

x 2 x +3
dx
(x1)(x
3
4 x 2+3 x )

Tenemos:
x(x-1)(x2-4x+3) = x(x-1)(x-1)(x-3) = (x-1)2 (x-3) (x)

Hay 2 fact. Lineal

diferentes
Hay 1 fact. Lineal

x 22 x +3
A
B
C
D
= +
+
+
2
2
x (x3)( x1) x ( x1) (x1) (x3)
Luego:

x2 2x + 3 = A(x-1)2 (x-3) + B(x-1)(x)(x-3) + C(x-3)(x) + D(x-1)2 (x)

Decimos:
Si x = 1

2 = A(0) + B(0) 2C + D(0)

2 = -2C
Si x = 0

C = -1

3 = -3A + B(0) + C + D(0)

3 = -3A
Si x = 3

A = -1

6 = A(0) + B(0) C(0) + 12D

Entonces:

6 = 12D

Falta! B

x=2

D=

3 = -A 2B 2C + 2D
3 = 1 2B +2 + 1

B = 1/2

x 2 x +3
1
1
1
1
= +
+
+
2
2
x 2( x1) ( x1) 2( x 3)
x ( x3)(x1)

Entones:
=

1
1
1
1
dx+
dx +
dx +
dx
2
x
2(x1)
2(
x3)
( x1)

dx 1
dx
dx
1
dx
+
+
+
2
x 2 x1
( x1 ) 2 x3
1

( x1 )
1
1
= ln| x|+ ln |x1|
+ ln|x 3|+C
2
1
2
1
1
1
+ ln|x3|+C
= ln| x|+ ln |x1|+
2
x1 2
= ln

x 3 x1
1
+
+C
x
x1
3

43. Calcular la integral:

x +11 x5
dx
x 6( x2)
4

Tenemos: (x-2)4 hay un factor que se repite 4 veces

Luego:
3

x 6 x +11 x5
A
B
C
D
=
+
+
+
4
2
3
x2
( x2)
(x2) (x2) (x2)4

 X3 6x2 + 11x 5 = A(x-2)3 + B(x-2)2 + C(x-2) + D

Decimos:
Si x = 2

1 = A(0) + B(0) + C(0) + D

1=D

D=1

Entonces:
x3 + 6x2 + 11x 5 =

A(x3 6x2 + 12x + 8) + B(x2-4x+4) + C(x-2) + D

A(x3 6Ax2 + 12Ax + 8A + Bx2-4Bx+4B + Cx-2C + D
Ax3 6Ax2 + Bx2 + 12Ax - 4Bx+Cx + 8A + 4B -2C + D

A= 1

A= 1

6A + B = 6

B=0

12A 4B + C = 11

C = -1

8A + 4B +2C + D = 5

D = -1

Entonces:
3

x 6 x +11 x5
1
0
1
1
=
+
+
+
4
2
3
( x2) (x2) (x2) (x2)4
( x2)

1
1
+
3
( x2)
( x2)4
1
+
x2
(x2)3 (x2)4
ln |x2|1
1
1
ln |x2|+
+
+C
2
2( x2) 3( x2)3