1

Code: 9A01708

B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

WATER RESOURCES SYSTEM PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours

Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks

Locate the stationary points of

minima or neither.

*****
and classify them as relative maxima, relative

(a) What is present worth method?

(b) How do you choose the best alternatives by present worth method?
(c) Two alternative plans are feasible. The estimated cost of 1st plan is 70 lakhs and the
corresponding benefit is 80 lakhs. The cost for the 2nd plan is 85 lakhs and benefit is
100 lakhs. Which plan should be selected?

Minimize :
Subject to :

Solve the following linear programming problem using the simplex method:
Maximize :
Subject to :
;
;
and

(a) Explain the primal-dual relationship.

(b) State the general rules for formulating dual problem from its primal.
(c) Explain post optimality analysis with example.

Solve the following 4-user water allocation problem to maximize the total returns,
using backward recursion of dynamic programming: water available for allocation: 60
units, to be allocated in discrete units of 0, 10, 20,.. and 60. Return from the
four users for a given allocation, are given in the table below:
Allocation
Returns from
1 2
3
4
0
0 0
-3
1
10
3 4
3
1
20
5 4
5
1
30
6 4
5
7
40
3 4
4
8
50
3 6
2
10
60
3 7
0
10

(a) What is the advantage of combining simulation and optimization in water resources
system?
(b) Explain any two reservoir simulation model with examples.

(a) Identify common water management issues that are found in many parts of the world.
(b) Identify and discuss briefly some of the major issues and challenges facing water
managers today.
*****

Code: 9A01708

B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

WATER RESOURCES SYSTEM PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours

Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks

*****
The ultimate strength attained by concrete is found to be based on a certain empirical
relationship between the ratios of cement and concrete used. Our objective is to maximize
strength attained by hardened concrete, given by:
where and
are variables based on cement and concrete ratios.

2 (a) What do you understand by discounting technique?

(b) Write down the commonly used discount technique methods. Explain any two methods.
3

Minimize

subject to the constraints

;
Using Kuhn-Tucker conditions.
4

Solve the following linear programming problem using the simplex method:
Maximize :
Subject to :
;
;
;

and

Solve the following linear programming problem using dual simplex method:
Maximize :
Subject to :
;
;
;
;

6 (a) What is the curse of dimensionality?

(b) A total of 3 units of water are to be allocated optimally to three thermal stations. The
allocation is made in discrete steps of one unit ranging from 0 to 3 with the three thermal
stations denoted as thermal 1, thermal 2 and thermal 3 respectively, the return obtained from
the users for a given allocation are given in the following table. Find allocations to the three
thermal stations such that the total return is maximized using backward recursion of dynamic
programming.
Return function
Thermal station, i
1
2
3
0
0
0
2
1
3
4
5
5
6
6
6
7

What is simulation? Describe the simulation process. What are the reasons for using
simulation?

8 (a) List the tools available for integrated water resources planning and management.
(b) What are single purpose and multipurpose projects? Under what circumstances do you go
for a multipurpose project? Discuss in detail.
*****

Code: 9A01708

B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

WATER RESOURCES SYSTEM PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours

Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks

*****
Locate the stationary points of the following function and find out if the function is
convex, concave or neither at the points of optima:
.
(a) What is benefit-cost (BC) ratio method?
(b) How do you choose the best alternatives by BC ratio method?
(c) Two alternative plans are feasible. The estimated cost of 1st plan is 70 lakhs and the
corresponding benefit is 80 lakhs. The cost for the 2nd plan is 85 lakhs and benefit is
100 lakhs. Which plan should be selected?
Minimize

subject to the constraints

;
Using Kuhn-Tucker conditions.
4

(a) Define the following in a simplex method:

(i) Unbounded solution
(ii) Alternate optimum solution
(b) Solve the following linear programming problem graphically:
Minimize :
Subject to :
; 2
;
;
Solve the following linear programming problem using dual simplex method:
Minimize :
Subject to :
;
;
;
and

(a) Determine how many projects of type A, B and C should be built in order to maximize
the total net return from all projects, given the following data:
Project type Cost of each project Net return/project
A
2000
280
B
3000
440
C
4000
650
Total amount available for all projects
units. At least one project of each type
should be built. Not more than four projects of each should be built.
(b) Explain the curse of dimensionality.

(a) What are the components of reservoir simulation model?

(b) Write down the steps for simulation of reservoir system.
(c) What is the primary concept for simulation of reservoir operation to generate
hydropower?

(a) What do you mean by cropping pattern? Discuss about optimal cropping pattern
system in India.
(b) What do you mean by conjunctive use of water resources? Briefly discuss the
advantages of conjunctive use of water resources.
*****

Code: 9A01708

B.Tech IV Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

WATER RESOURCES SYSTEM PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours

Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
*****

Locate the stationary points of

neither at the points of optima:

and find out if the function is convex, concave or

.

Consider two alternative water resource projects A and B. Project A will cost
2,500,000 and will return 1,000,000 at the end of 5 years and 4,000,000 at the end of
10 years. Project B will cost 4,000,000 and will return 2,000,000 at the end of 5 and
15 years and another 3,000,000 at the end of 10 years. Project A has a life of 10
years and B has a life of 15 years. Assuming an interest rate of 0.1 (10%) per year.
(a) What is the present value of each project?
(b) What is each projects annual net benefit?
(c) Would the preferred project differ if the interest rates were 0.05?
(d) Assuming that each of these projects would be replaced with a similar project having
the same time stream of costs and returns, show that by extending each series of
projects to a common terminal layer (example: 30 years), the annual net benefits of
each series of projects would be will be same as found in part (b).

Explain the solution method for constrained optimization problem with equality
constraints by Lagrange multipliers? Explain the necessary and sufficient conditions
for general problem.

Use revised simplex (matrix) method to solve the following linear programming
problem:
Maximize :
Subject to :
;
;
and

A water resources system consisting of two reservoirs is shown in page number 2.

The flows and storages are expressed in a consistent set of units. The following data
are available:
Quantity
Stream 1
Stream 2
Capacity of reservoir i
9
7
Available release from reservoir i
9
6
Capacity of channel below reservoir i
4
4
Actual release from reservoir i
The capacity of the main channel below the confluence of the two streams is 5 units.
If the benefit is equivalent to Rs. 200 lakhs and Rs. 300 lakhs per unit of water
released from reservoirs 1 and 2 respectively, formulate a linear programming
problem to maximize the benefit.
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(Contd. in Page 2)

Code: 9A01708

Stream 2
Stream 1
Reservoir 1
Channel 1

Reservoir 2
Channel 2
Irrigation
District 2

Irrigation
District 1
Main channel

(Figure for question number 5)

6

Solve the following water user allocation problem to maximize the total returns, using
both forward and backward recursion of dynamic programming. Water available for
allocation is 60 units. It should be allocated in discrete units of 0, 10, 20,.60.
Returns from the four users for a given allocation are given in the table below:
Allocation
Returns from
User 1 User 2 User 3 User 4
0
0
0
-3
1
10
3
4
3
1
20
5
4
5
1
30
6
4
5
7
40
3
4
4
8
50
3
6
2
10
60
3
7
0
10

(a) What is the advantage of combining simulation and optimization in water resources
system?
(b) Explain any two reservoir simulation model with examples.

(a) What is river basin planning and management?

(b) What do you understand by integrated water resources management (IWRM)?
(c) Discuss some models for IWRM.
*****
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