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G. A . PRUDENSKI
Communist Party program provides for further steps in this direction. In the
next ten years the transition will be made to a six-hour workday with one day
off or to a seven-hour workday with two days off. Underground work and
work in arduous conditions will be reduced to a 30-hour week of five six-hour
days or six five-hour days.
It is intended in the following decade to make a transition to an even
shorter workweek on the basis of the appropriate increase in labor productivity. Our country will have the shortest, most productive, and highest-paid
workday in the world.
At the same time, the duration of annual paid workers vacations is increasing. The minimal duration of the vacation of every worker and employee
will increase to three weeks, and, in the future, to one month. The duration
of maternity leave will also increase.
Greatly improved living conditions and cultural advances for the Soviet
people occur every year, since the citizen, his work, and his life are prized
above all.
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C.
A. PRUDENSKI
chase and preparation of food, child and personal care, furniture and house
maintenance, clothing maintenance, etc. ).
2. Time for eating and sleeping.
3. Time connected with getting to work, but not included in work time
(getting to work and back, various activities at the enterprise before and after
work-washing, changing clothes, etc. ).
4. Free time spent in study and improving skills, self-teaching, teaching
children, activities of various societies, and rest.
The increase in free time is a complex problem requiring considerable
effort on the part of the socialist state and its local organs, public and social
organizations, and all the workers. And if many groups of workers now have
about three or four hours of free time every working day, we may expect in
the near future that, as a result of the measures being taken by the Soviet
government to improve labor organization, increase its productivity, and,
thereby, reduce the amount of labor time, free time will reach eight or nine
hours a day.
The extensive analysis of workers time budgets that we have conducted
indicates that the shortening of the workday is not the only source for increasing free time. Rational utilization of all nonlabor time acquires great
significance. This reserve for increasing free time includes nonlabor time
spent in getting to work and household chores.
It is most characteristic that the study of nonlabor time not only has become a subject of research for individual economists but has turned into an
object of study for the workers themselves. For example, in the Kuznetsk
Basin, groups of workers in a number of mines have started to study the
method of self-photography of nonlabor time expenditures connected with
production and have made their own suggestions for optimal utilization.
This has permitted planning and successful realization of measures for reducing individual kinds of irrational nonlabor time use.
The study of nonlabor time and free time is connected not only with the
problem of labor productivity but also with a whole series of important social
problems-raising the technical efficiency of the workers, communist education, etc., which now are studied in various areas of the social sciences.
The old bourgeois proverb, time is money, is foreign to the socialist
society. However, the price of time in our country is exceptionally high, since
in the economizing of time lie the conditions for a colossal increase in the
productive forces of our country and the material and spiritual culture of the
Soviet citizen in his advance towards communism.