Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Technological
criteria
Technical
criteria
Organizational
criteria
Economical
criteria
I. INTRODUCTION
R
E
C
Y
C
L
I
N
G
Ecological
criteria
Legislative
criteria
Material
criteria
Socio - cultural
criteria
359
360
Waste
2003
1392
1255
516
Brick
Concrete
Asphalt
Mixed
Building
59
waste
Aggregat. 913
Spoil
452
Other
261
6852
2004
1664
994
514
Year
2005 2006
1711 1616
1233 1112
598
576
131
122
719
432
309
6767
596
298
134
6697
2007
1996
1611
728
2008
1549
1155
740
54
40
118
738
590
387
7079
975
691
471
8519
1291
1026
475
8362
2500
1996
2000
1711
1664
1409
1500
1616
1392
1611
1233
990
1014
589
1112
994
615
500
467
1155
1249
1000
488
1549
385
0
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003 2004
Year
2005
2006
2007
2008
361
100
Recycled brick - masonry
90
Recycled concrete
Comulative passing (%)
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
0,063
0,125
0,25
0,5
1
2
Sieve size (mm)
16
31,5
63
sand
pure crushed bricks
impure crushed bricks
0,00
0,25
0,50
1,00
2,00
4,00
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
8,00
362
Fig. 9 Grading The porous structure of fibre concrete with masonry rubble
Tensile strength of fibres cut from waste PET bottles is 5080 MPa. Fig. 11 shows the diagram - load-deflection from the
flexural test of fibre from waste PET bottle.
70
60
Load (N)
50
V. EXPERIMENTAL PART
40
30
20
363
10
0
0
10
12
13
Deflection (mm)
Characteristics
Concrete
Brick
rubble
rubble
2000-2200 1800-2100
Bulk density
[kg/m3]
Compressive
strength
[MPa]
12-30
12-28
Tensile-splitting
strength
[MPa]
1,6-2,5
1,5-3,3
Flexural strength
[MPa]
1,6-2,5
1,5-2,8
Modulus of
elasticity
[GPa]
13-18
11-15
Volume
of fibres
Recycled
aggregate
Type of
fibres
MR
MR
MR
MR
CR
CR
CR
MR
MR
MR
MR
Forta Ferro
Forta Ferro
Forta Ferro
Forta Ferro
Forta Ferro
Forta Ferro
Forta Ferro
PET
PET
Benesteel
Benesteel
FM 1
FM 2
FM 3
FM 4
FC 1
FC 2
FC 3
PM 1
PM 2
BM 1
BM 2
[%]
0,0 %
0,5 %
1,0 %
1,0 %
0,0 %
0,5 %
1,0 %
1,5 %
3,0 %
1,0 %
0,5%
Bulk
density
Load [kN]
Samples
15
[kg/m ]
2034
2041
1842
2082
2085
2099
2084
2080
2013
2028
2002
[MPa]
21,85
21,97
19,11
25,84
12,71
13,75
13,83
28,67
27,36
26,96
27,02
FM 1
FM 2
FM 3
FM 4
FC 1
FC 2
FC 3
PM 1
PM 2
BM 1
BM 2
10
0,0
1,0
2,0
3,0
Deflection
4,0
5,0
[mm]
30
Flexural
strength
Load [kN]
Samples
Modulus
of
elasticity
[MPa]
13,6
14,7
13,6
15,9
14,6
15,3
-
Tensilesplitting
strength
[MPa]
2,14
2,22
1,82
2,97
1,58
1,69
1,71
3,07
3,23
2,62
2,89
Compressive
strength
[MPa]
1,60
1,85
2,44
1,81
2,09
2,16
2,61
2,57
2,32
2,24
20
10
0
0,0
1,0
2,0
3,0
4,0
Deflection [mm]
Fig. 13 Average resistance diagrams of specimens with 0,5 and 1,0% vol.
fibres FORTA FERRO and masonry or concrete rubble and virgin aggregate
(average value from 3 samples)
16
12
14
12
[M P a]
Load [kN]
10
8
6
10
8
6
1
2
3
2
0
0
0
0
10
12
14
16
18
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
x [%]
20
Deflection [mm]
364
16
14
[M P a]
12
10
8
6
1
2
3
4
2
0
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
x [%]
365
REFERENCES
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[10]
[11]
[12]
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[16]
[17]
[18]
366