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C1
Z
Z
Z
C2
Load
C1
C1
C1
C2
C2
C2
a)
C1
a)
C1
C2
C2
c)
b)
C1
C1
C2
C2
d)
b)
C1
C1
C2
C2
c)
d)
Fig. 2. Fault cases in a voltage source inverter: a) dclink shoot-through, b) two phases with no
inductance, c) two phases with inductance, d)
positive rail earth fault with a very small
inductance, e) negative rail earth fault with
inductance.
fuse
VCE
VGE
200
100
0
Vfuse
+
VCE
-100
50
100
150
200
250
VCE [V]
300
350
400
450
500
VGE [V]
time [us]
50
VCE [V]
Ic
VCE
40
600
30
400
20
200
10
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
IC [kA]
1000
Vfuse [V]
500
30
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450 500
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450 500
time [us]
600
400
200
0
time [us]
Power [MW]
15
1000
12
800
IGBT power
600
400
IGBT energy
200
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
time [us]
400
450
500 0
0
500
time [us]
600
400
800
IGBT
energy
4
x 10
without fuse
I t [A s]
IGBT
power
Energy [J]
1000
15
Power [MW]
450
2
0
with fuse
0
50
200
3
0 0
400
800
100
12
350
10
0
200
0 0
300
20
1000
800
250
time [us]
Ic
200
40
400
150
50
600
200
-100
100
VCE
800
Ic
300
50
1000
IC [kA]
300
Energy [J]
Lstray
VGE [V]
50
100
150
200
250
300
time [us]
350
400
450
500
100
150
200
250
300
time [us]
350
400
450
500
IGBT fuse
evaluated points
250
200
150
100
50
0
-50
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
time [us]
0.85
0.9
0.95
500
Changeable fixture
U2
400
Voltages [V]
IGBT module
U1
300
200
100
0
D1
U2
V
L1
C1
Trigger
circuit
+15V
IGBT
module
IGBT
RG
LEM
LEM
U3
fuse
U4
V
Main circuit
-15V
Gate-drive circuit
-100
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
time [us]
T1
RB
R-L
Load
D2
T2
strip 2
200
150
100
50
0
-50
0
0.2
0.3
Time [ms]
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0
150
100
50
0
-50
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0
150
100
50
0
-50
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Istrip 3 [A]
Istrip 2 [A]
150
100
50
0
-50
Istrip 4 [A]
0.1
strip 3
strip 4
250
Idc [A]
AT
Istrip 1 [A]
Test fuse
Time [ms]
0.6
0.55
0.5
strip 4
Istrip k / Idc
0.45
0.4
0.35
0.3
strip 3
0.25
strip 2
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
strip 1
2
10 11 12 13 14 15
Istrip 1 [A]
60
40
20
0
-20
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Istrip 2 [A]
60
40
20
0
-20
Istrip 3 [A]
60
40
20
0
-20
Istrip 4 [A]
60
40
20
0
-20
Istrip 5 [A]
60
40
20
0
-20
Time [ms]
th
of
the
harmonic
currents
for
k
strip, k = 1,..., n .
Fig. 23 shows the harmonic spectra of the dc-link
current and Fig. 24 the harmonic spectra for
each strip current in the open Standard HighSpeed Fuse.
1
0.9
Ih dc / Idc
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120130 140150
Frequency [kHz]
strip 1
Istrip k / Idc
0.225
strip 5
0.2
strip 2
0.175
0.15
strip 3
strip 4
5
10 11 12 13 14 15
strip 1
0.2
0.1
0
0.3
0.1
Ih strip 3 / Idc
0
0.3
0.3
strip 3
0.2
0.1
0
strip 4
0.2
0.1
0
Frequency [kHz]
Ih strip 5 / Idc
Ih strip 4 / Idc
Ih strip 3 / Idc
Ih strip 2 / Idc
Ih strip 1 / Idc
strip 1
0.1
0.05
0
0.2
0.15
strip 2
0.1
0.05
0
0.2
0.15
strip 3
0.1
0.05
0
0.2
0.15
0.05
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
0.2
0.15
strip 5
0.1
0.05
0
strip 4
0.1
0
th
strip 2
0.2
Ih strip 4 / Idc
Ih strip 2 / Idc
Ih strip 1 / Idc
st
0.3
Frequency [kHz]
References