IoT Based Smart Home

ABSTRACT
With advancement of Automation technology, life is getting simpler and easier in all
aspects. In todays world Automatic systems are being preferred over manual system. With
the rapid increase in the number of users of internet over the past decade has made Internet a
part and parcel of life, and IOT is the latest and emerging internet technology. Internet of
things is a growing network of everyday object-from industrial machine to consumer goods
that can share information and complete tasks while you are busy with other activities. Home
Automation system (HAS) using IOT is a system that uses computers or mobile devices to
control basic home functions and features automatically through internet from anywhere
around the world, an automated home is sometimes called a smart home. It is meant to save
the electric power and human energy. The home automation system differs from other system
by allowing the user to operate the system from anywhere around the world through internet
connection.
The main objectives of this project is to design and implement a home automation
system using IoT that is capable of controlling and automating most of the house appliances
through an easy manageable web interface. In this project a home automation system
employs cloud networking, wireless communication, to provide the user with remote control
of various lights, fans, and appliances within their home and storing the data in the database.
This system uses PC based program to provide a means of user interface to the consumer.

Literature survey on internet of things (IOT)

The concept of a network of smart devices was discussed as early as 1982, with a modified
Coke machine at Carnegie Mellon University becoming the first internet-connected
appliance, able to report its inventory and whether newly loaded drinks were cold. Mark
Weiser's seminal 1991 paper on ubiquitous computing, "The Computer of the 21st Century",
as well as academic venues such as UbiComp and PerCom produced the contemporary vision
of IOT. In 1994 Reza Raji described the concept in Spectrums [moving] small packets of data
to a large set of nodes, so as to integrate and automate everything from home appliances to

entire factories Between 1993 and 1996 several companies proposed solutions
like Microsoft's at Work or Novell's NEST. However, only in 1999 did the field start
gathering momentum. Bill Joy envisioned Device to Device (D2D) communication as part of
his "Six Webs" framework, presented at the World Economic Forum at Davos in 1999.
The concept of the Internet of Things first became popular in 1999, through
the Auto-ID

Center at MIT and

related

market-analysis

publications. Radio-frequency

identification (RFID) was seen by Kevin Ashton (one of the founders of the original Auto-ID
Center) as a prerequisite for the Internet of Things at that point. If all objects and people in
daily life were equipped with identifiers, computers could manage and inventory
them. Besides using RFID, the tagging of things may be achieved through such technologies
as near field communication, barcodes, QR codes and digital watermarking.
One of the first consequences of implementing the Internet of Things by equipping all
objects in the world with minuscule identifying devices or machine-readable identifiers
would be to transform daily life. For instance, instant and ceaseless inventory control would
become ubiquitous. A person's ability to interact with objects could be altered remotely based
on immediate or present needs, in accordance with existing end-user agreements. For
example, such technology could grant motion-picture publishers much more control over
end-user private devices by remotely enforcing copyright restrictions and digital restrictions
management, so the ability of a customer who bought a Blue-ray disc to watch the movie
becomes dependent on so-called "copyright holder's" decision, similar to Circuit City's
failed DIVX.
As of 2014, the vision of the Internet of Things has evolved due to a convergence of
multiple technologies, ranging from wireless communication to the Internet and from
embedded systems to micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). This means that the
traditional fields of embedded systems, wireless sensor networks, control systems,
automation (including home and building automation), and others all contribute to enabling
the Internet of Things (IoT).

INTRODUCTION
Innovations in technology mostly emerge from the needs of human society. The 21st
century is the era of prompt advancement in digital technology. Most of this technology is
focused on proficiently monitoring and controlling different activities. Homes of the 21st
century will become more and more self controlled and automated due to the comfort it
provides, especially when employed in a private home. A home automation system is a means
that allow users to control electric appliances of varying kind. Many existing, wellestablished home automation systems are based on wired communication. This does not pose
a problem until the system is planned well in advance and installed during the physical
construction of the building.
This project employs the geezer, which can be operate automatically when required.
Depending on the environmental temperature the on time of the geezer will vary
automatically. The user can monitor the electric appliances like lights, fan etc through the
internet via web server. The required lights and fans are turned on/off can be controlled
wirelessly through android. If the lights or any electrical appliances are left on in hurry can be
seen and turned off remotely through simply typing the IP address of the web server. The data
to be transmitted and received wirelessly through GPRS. The database will be provided to
store the required information.

DESCRIPTION
Many embedded systems have substantially different designs according to their
functions and utilities. In this project design, structured modular design concept is adopted
and the system is mainly composed of a single microprocessor, CPU fan, LED lamp, relay, 3
pin socket, GPRS module and internet.
The microprocessor located at the centre of the block diagram forms the control unit of the
entire project. Embedded within the microcontroller is a program that helps the
microcontroller to take action based on the inputs provided.
In this project the database will be created which contains the information about
monitoring the home appliances like light, fan and any electrical device. The 3 pin socket is
provided to connect to the geezer. Time can be set for turning on the geezer using android.
The processor will turn on the geezer automatically, 15 minutes before the set time. On time
of the geezer will depend on the environmental temperature. Required lights and fans are

turned on/off and controlled wirelessly through android. If the lights or any electrical
appliances are left on in hurry can be seen and turned off remotely through simply typing the
IP address of the web server.
Raspberry Pi microprocessor is 32 bit architecture, it has 40 I/O pin. It has 11 I/O
ports, 512MB RAM, 700MHz Broadcom BCM2835 CPU, 4 USB Ports, HDMI Port, Micro
SD Card Slot.
The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output
voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 thus has
an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in Kelvin, as the user is not required
to subtract a large constant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling.
The LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies
of 14C at room temperature and 34C over a full 55 to +150C temperature range.
.
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to
mechanically operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as solid-state
relays. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with
complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits) or where several circuits
must be controlled by one signal.
Demo points:
Heart of the project is micro processor Raspberry Pi, as electrical appliances instead of
normal fan, small CPU fan is used, and led lamps are used as lights for demo purpose and 3
pin sockets are used to control geezer. Geezer can be operating automatically when required.
Depending on the environmental temperature the on time of the geezer will vary
automatically. . Lights are turned on and off by giving high and low pulse from controller.
Electrical appliances are controlled wirelessly through android and if the lights or any
electrical appliances are left on in hurry can be seen and turned off remotely through simply
typing the IP address of the web server.

Block diagram

Monitor
GUI

(Raspberry Pi)
or
(Microcontroller)

GPRS

Relay

Relay

LM35

Relay

Hardwares used

Raspberry pi
CPU fan
LED Lamp
Relay
LM35 Temperature Sensor

Softwares used
Raspbian OS

3 pin
socket

CPU Fan

Web Server

Components used

LED Lamp

Android

Advantages

Reduced installation costs

System scalability and easy extension
Aesthetical benefits
Integration of mobile devices

Applications
This kind of system with respective changes can be implemented in the hospitals for
disable people or in industries where human invasion is impossible or dangerous.
It can also be implemented for environmental monitoring.

FUTURE SCOPE
For project demo concern, we have developed a prototype module. In future, this project can
be taken to the product level. To make this project as user friendly and durable, we need to
make it compact and cost effective. Going further, most of the units can be embedded along
with the controller on a single board with change in technology, thereby reducing the size of
the system.

References:
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Assessment of Wireless Technologies and Co-existence of ZigBee, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi
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3. Hwang, K.-I.; Choi, B.-J.; Kang, S.-H. Enhanced self-configuration scheme for a robust
ZigBee-based home automation. IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. 2010, 56, 583590.
4. Byun, J.; Jeon, B.; Noh, J.; Kim, Y.; Park, S. An intelligent self-adjusting sensor for smart
home services based on ZigBee Communications. IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. 2012, 58,
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5. IEEE 802.15: Wireless Personal Area Networks (PANs). Available online:
http://standards.ieee.org/about/get/802/802.15.html (accessed on 1 January 2015).
6. The Internet of Things. http://share.cisco.com/internet-of-things.html (accessed on 7
January 2015).