Department of Marine Engineering

Faculty of Ocean Engineering ITS Surabaya

Midterm test
Course: Physics I
Instructor: Dr. Lahar Baliwangi
Problems:
1. Earths Speed. Ole Roemer found that the average increased delay in the
disappearance of Io from one orbit around Jupiter to the next is 13 s.
a. How far does light travel in 13 s?
b. Each orbit of Io takes 42.5 h. Earth travels the distance calculated in
part a in 42.5 h. Find the speed of Earth in km/s.
c. Check to make sure that your answer for part b is reasonable.
Calculate Earths speed in orbit using the orbital radius, 1.5 x 10 8 km,
and the period, 1.0 yr.
2. Sonar. A ship surveying the ocean bottom sends sonar waves straight down
into the seawater from the surface. As illustrated in Figure below, the first
reflection, off of the mud at the sea floor, is received 1.74 s after it was sent.
The second reflection, from the bedrock beneath the mud, returns after 2.36
s. The seawater is at a temperature of 25C, and the speed of sound in mud
is 1875 m/s.
a. How deep is the water?
b. How thick is the mud?

3. A submarine is moving toward another submarine at 9.20 m/s. It emits a

3.50-MHz ultrasound. What frequency would the second sub, at rest, detect?
The speed of sound in water is 1482 m/s.
4. Christiaan Huygens work on waves and the controversy between him and
Newton over the nature of light. Compare and contrast their explanations of
such phenomena as reflection and refraction. Whose model would you choose
as the best explanation? Explain why.
5. The velocity of the transverse waves produced by an earthquake is 8.9 km/s,
and that of

6. the longitudinal waves is 5.1 km/s. A seismograph records the arrival of the
transverse waves 68 s before the arrival of the longitudinal waves. How far
away is the earthquake?
7. Pepe and Alfredo are resting on an offshore raft after a swim. They estimate
that 3.0 m separates a trough and an adjacent crest of each surface wave on
the lake. They count 12 crests that pass by the raft in 20.0 s. Calculate how
fast the waves are moving.
8. The speed of sound in water is 1498 m/s. A sonar signal is sent straight down
from a ship at a point just below the water surface, and 1.80 s later, the
reflected signal is detected. How deep is the water?
9. Hubble Space Telescope. Suppose the Hubble Space Telescope, 2.4 m in
diameter, is in orbit 1.0 x 105 m above Earth and is turned to view Earth, as
shown in Figure 19-19. If you ignore the effect of the atmosphere, how large
an object can the telescope resolve? Use = 5.1 x 10 7 m.

10.A concave mirror has a 48.0-cm radius. A 2.0-cm tall object is placed 12.0 cm
from the mirror. Calculate the image position and image height.
11.The focal length of a convex lens is 21.0 cm. A 2.00-cm-tall candle is located
7.50 cm from the lens. Use the thin-lens equation to calculate the image
position and image height.
#1 - #11 (60%)
12.Design the three types of telescopes: Astronomical, Terrestrial, Galilean
(opera glass). You are free to design the telescopes including the length,
radius of lenses, position of lenses, images descriptions produced by each
lens, etc. (30%)
13.Explain how microscopes and binocular work! (10%)