Fasting blood glucose (FBG) This test measures the level of glucose in

the blood after an 8-12 hour fast. It can be used to identify individuals with
Pre-diabetes or Diabetes Mellitus.
Interpretation:
70-110mg/dl : Normal Fasting Glucose
100-125mg/dl : Pre-Diabetes (Impaired Fasting Glucose)
>126mg/dl : Diabetes
HbA1c (also called hemoglobin A1c or glycohemoglobin) - This test
evaluates the average amount of glucose in the blood over the last 2 to 3
months.
As per recent guidelines it can also be used for the diagnosis of diabetes.
Interpretation:
For diagnosis:

6.0-6.5% - Pre-Diabetes
6.5% - Diabetes Mellitus

For monitoring control: <7% - Good Control

7-8% - Average Control
>8% - Poor control
Urine Microalbumin Test - A urine microalbumin test is used to detect very
small levels of a blood protein (albumin) in the urine. This test helps to detect
early signs of kidney damage in people with chronic conditions, such as
Diabetes Mellitus or Hypertension, who are at risk of developing kidney
disease.
Interpretation:

<30mg/24hrs Normal
30-300mg/24hrs Microalbuminuria
(Indicates early kidney disease)
>300mg/24hrs Macroalbuminuria
(Indicates advanced kidney disease)

Triglycerides This test is used to identify individuals with an increased risk

of developing heart disease. It is also used to monitor individuals who have
risk factors for heart disease, those who have had a heart attack, or those

who are being treated for high cholesterol and/or high triglyceride levels. In
patients with diabetes, it is important to monitor triglyceride levels and it
increases significantly when blood sugar levels are not well controlled.
Interpretation:
<150mg/dl : Desirable
150-199mg/dl : Borderline High
200-499mg/dl : High
>500mg/dl : Very High
Total Cholesterol This test is used as a screening test to estimate the risk
of developing heart disease. High blood cholesterol level is associated with
atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), which is a risk factor for the
development of heart disease and can increase the risk of death from heart
attacks.
Interpretation:
<200mg/dl : Desirable
200-239mg/dl : Borderline High
>240mg/dl : High Risk
HDL Cholesterol This test for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)
is used along with other lipid tests to screen for unhealthy levels of lipids and
to determine the risk for developing heart disease. It can also be used for
monitoring individuals with risk factors for heart disease, previous history of
heart attack or if someone is undergoing treatment for high cholesterol.
Interpretation:
>45mg/dl : Desirable
40-45 mg/dl : Borderline for risk of heart disease
<40mg/dl : Increased risk for heart disease that is independent of other
risk factors.
LDL Cholesterol This test for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is
used as a part of the lipid profile to predict an individuals overall risk of
developing heart disease. Of all the forms of cholesterol in the blood, the LDL
cholesterol is considered the most important form in determining risk of heart
disease since treatment decisions are usually based on LDL levels. It can also
be used to assess efficacy of lipid-lowering lifestyle changes and/or drug
therapy.

 Interpretation:
<100mg/dl : Optimal
100-129mg/dl : Near Optimal
130-159mg/dl : Borderline High
>160mg/dl : High