Physics

and Measurement ME46005

Course Plan

Coordinators
Academic Year

ECTS

: Dr. Murali Ghatkesar, Dr. Gerrit Elsinga and

Prof. Urs Staufer

: 2016-17
: 6

Teaching Hours

: 14 weeks (7 weeks per quarter, Q1-Q2), 4 sessions/week

Context

: This is a master level course offered during the first two
terms of the academic year. The course is mandatory for all mechanical
engineering students comprising: Biomechanical Design (BMD), Energy and
Process Technology (EPT), Precision & Microsystems Engineering (PME),
Transport Engineering & Logistics (TEL) and Vehicle Engineering (VE). This
course covers fundamental aspects of physics and measurement useful for a
mechanical engineer. It emphasizes on the concepts like field, momentum, force,
energy, conservation laws, wave motion, electrical current manipulation and
their model understanding. It also covers measurement of various physical
parameters, signal conditioning, error analysis and statistical analysis of the
data. The course will be divided into two parts with physics in the first term and
measurement in the second term of the academic year. A bachelor degree in
mechanical, electrical, aerospace, industrial engineering or applied physics is
considered prerequisite.

Learning Objectives:
By the end of each topic, goal is to achieve the following learning objectives.
Assignment discussion in the class is considered as the end of each topic.

Physics:
After this module student should be able to do the following:

Reproduce the fundamental definitions of physics and their mathematical
(wherever applicable) form. Name examples of phenomena where these
definitions are applicable to describe the related observations.
(Knowledge)

Translate physical models and their predictions into graphical or
mathematical representations of measured properties and the relations
among them and vice versa. (Comprehension)

Sketch/Develop a real-life situation that illustrates a given physical
model. And vice versa they can use a physical model to qualitatively
describe a given, concrete, real situation. In doing so, they are using the
correct terms, definitions and relations. (Application)
Murali K Ghatkesar, PME, 3mE, TU Delft
(M.K.Ghatkesar@tudelft.nl)

Gerrit Elsinga, P&E, 3mE, TU Delft

(G.E.Elsinga@tudelft.nl)

Assess whether a specific description of a situation / phenomenon is in
agreement with a specific, given physical law or model. They can
recognize descriptions or statements that are in contradiction to physical
laws. (Analyze)

Identify relevant elements of information for describing a situation or

object and its behavior. (Abstraction)

Develop a model for describing a situation or phenomenon. They can use

this model to qualitatively and quantitatively predict the temporal
evolution, or the effect of changing parameters or boundary conditions.
(Evaluate)

Devise setup strategies based on fundamental physics principles to

measure/collect information or to perform requested functions. They can
derive relevant mathematical relations for a quantitative description.
(Synthesize)

Measurement:
The general aim of this module is to provide the students with a fundamental
background in the theory of engineering measurements.

After the course the student is able to:

Describe the physical principles and practical techniques for measuring
basic quantities that are of mechanical engineering interest.
(Knowledge) (Comprehension)

Design a measurement system, and select the required equipment. This
includes the conditioning of signals (mainly filtering and amplification)
and digital sampling. (Application) (Synthesize)

Design a test plan (including a calibration of the measurement system and
an estimate of the sample size required for statistical convergence).
(Application) (Synthesize)

Describe the various types of measurement error. (Knowledge)
(Comprehension)

Perform an error propagation analysis and explain the impact of
measurement error on the final reported result. (Evaluate) (Analyze)

Analyze the accuracy, sensitivity, spatial and temporal resolution of a
given measurement system. (Analyze) (Application)

Murali K Ghatkesar, PME, 3mE, TU Delft

(M.K.Ghatkesar@tudelft.nl)

Gerrit Elsinga, P&E, 3mE, TU Delft

(G.E.Elsinga@tudelft.nl)

Organization:

Different teachers cover different topics of the course. There will be lively
classroom lectures with lot of student-centered activity. Learning methods
include power point presentations, videos, graphical illustrations, class
demonstrations, student discussions and assignments. Lecture notes will be
made available on the Blackboard. The recommended textbooks are given below,
however, you are encouraged to refer other books as well. At the end of each
topic discussed in the class, students are advised to practice the relevant
problems available at the chapter end. Extra reading material if necessary will be
made available on the Blackboard. Assignments will be on the concepts
discussed in the class. They will be made available on the blackboard. The
solutions to the assignments will be discussed in the class during the assignment
session. The answers to the assignments will be peer evaluated during
assignment session. Course ends with a written exam.

Books:

Physics for Engineers and Scientists, 6th edition by Tipler and Mosca
Theory and design for mechanical measurements, 6th edition by Richard
S. Figliola & Donald E. Beasley

Assessment:




Assessment of individual student is made at the end of second term by a
final written exam.
There are 7 assignments during the course. They will be available on the
blackboard at the beginning of each topic in the class. There will be
sufficient time before the submission deadline.
Even though assignments are not mandatory, all assignments put
together carry 10% bonus to your final grade. Example: If you score 80%
in all the assignments put together and 70% in your final exam. You score
78% for your final grade.
Assignments are peer evaluated. Students who did assignment should
attend the assignment session and bring their answer sheets to the class.
The answer sheets are distributed in the class among your peers for
correction while the teacher discusses the answers in the class.
At the end of the assignment session, the teachers collect all the answer
sheets. Your respective scores are entered on the Blackboard.
For assignments, usually problems reflecting the use of the knowledge
gained in the class at the learning level of apply, analyse, evaluate and
create will be emphasised
To solve assignment problems: referring to the lecture notes, textbooks
and peer consultation is encouraged
Even though peer consultation is encouraged during assignments, we
leave the responsibility of ethics to yourself and make sure that you do
not copy the answers
The final exam will be a closed-book exam and no consultation of books
or lecture notes or peers is allowed
Murali K Ghatkesar, PME, 3mE, TU Delft
(M.K.Ghatkesar@tudelft.nl)

Gerrit Elsinga, P&E, 3mE, TU Delft

(G.E.Elsinga@tudelft.nl)

The final exam will be for 100 points. The amount of points allotted for
each question and an estimated time needed to answer will be given for
each question.
An overall grade of 6 (after adding the bonus assignment points to your
final exam points) is considered as pass and below 6 is considered fail.

Assignments:
Learning Objective
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analyze/Abstract
Evaluate
Synthesize
Total

Points
--
20
20

60
100

Final Exam:

Learning Objective
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analyze/Abstract
Evaluate
Synthesize
Total

Points
20
20
20

40
100

Murali K Ghatkesar, PME, 3mE, TU Delft
(M.K.Ghatkesar@tudelft.nl)

Gerrit Elsinga, P&E, 3mE, TU Delft

(G.E.Elsinga@tudelft.nl)

Course Schedule:

TERM 1
Date
Tue
06 SEP

Tue
13 SEP

Fri
16 SEP

Tue
20 SEP

Fri
23 SEP
Tue
27 SEP

Fri
30 SEP

Topic
Introduction
Week (may vary
for different
departments)
Course Intro +
Vectors
+
Newtonian
Mechanics

Contents

How to learn?
Why should an Engineer know Physics and
Measurement?
What is a physical model?
Course
design+Lectures+Evaluation/Expectations
Math: Vectors
Newtons laws, Work and Energy
Conservation of momentum and energy
Waves I
Coupled harmonic oscillators
Wave motion, wave function
Propagation of a harmonic function
Wave number k
Doppler effect
Examples of waves
Waves in 2D and 3D: wave front; wave vector;
rays; sound waves,
Waves II
Wave equation
Energy and momentum transport in a wave
Wave intensity, intensity level and loudness
of sound waves;
Reflection, Transmission (and Refraction)
Assignment 1
Math + Newtons Laws + Waves

Assignment discussion and peer review
Electrostatics (I) Charge
Coulombs law
The electric field
Electric field lines
Action of the electric field on charges
Calculating E from Coulomb's law
Electrostatics
Gauss's law
(II)
Charge and field at a conductor surface
The equivalence of Gauss's law and
Coulomb's law in electrostatics

Potential difference
Potential due to a system of point charges
Computing the electrical field from the
potential
Calculations of V for continous charge
distributions
Electrostatic potential energy
Equipotential surfaces

Murali K Ghatkesar, PME, 3mE, TU Delft

(M.K.Ghatkesar@tudelft.nl)

Gerrit Elsinga, P&E, 3mE, TU Delft

(G.E.Elsinga@tudelft.nl)

Tue
04 OCT
Fri
07 OCT

Tue
11 OCT

Fri
14 OCT

Tue
18 OCT
Tue
18 OCT

Tue
25 OCT

Fri
28 OCT

Capacitance
Storage of electrical energy
Current and the motion of charges
Resistance and Ohm's law
Assignment 2
Electrostatics
Assignment discussion and peer review
Magnetism
The force exerted by a magnetic field

Motion of a point charge in a magnetic field
Torques on current loops and magnets
The magnetic field of moving point charges
Electrodynamics The magnetic field of currents: The Biot-
Savart law
Gauss's law for magnetism
Ampre's law
Magnetic flux
Induced EMF and Faraday's law
Maxwell's displacement current
Maxwell's equations
Optics I
Lenses
Aberrations
Electromagnetic characteristics of light
Interference: Thin films and two slit
Diffraction: Single slit, Gratings
Assignment 3
Magnetism+ Electrodynamics
Assignment discussion and peer review
Optics II
Dispersion and Scattering: Raman
Polarization
Electro-optic modulators
Photonic crystals
Wave-particle duality
Intro to QM
The particle nature of light: photons
Energy quantization in atoms
Electrons and matter waves
The interpretation of the wave function
Expectation values
(The Schrdinger equation)
Assignment 4
Optics + QM
Assignment discussion and peer review

Murali K Ghatkesar, PME, 3mE, TU Delft

(M.K.Ghatkesar@tudelft.nl)

Gerrit Elsinga, P&E, 3mE, TU Delft

(G.E.Elsinga@tudelft.nl)

TERM 2
Date
Tue
15 NOV
Thu
17 NOV

Tue
22 NOV
Thu
24 NOV
Tue
29 NOV

Thu
01 DEC

Tue
06 DEC

Thu
08 DEC
Tue
13 DEC

Thu
15 DEC

Tue
20 DEC
Thu
22 DEC

Topic
Intro to
measurements

Contents
Why we measure
General layout of a measurement system
Generating a test plan
Measurement
A systems approach for a measurement
system behavior Calibration and characterizing a system
Input/output signal analysis and transfer
functions
Hypothesis
Hypothesis testing
testing
Regression analysis
Estimating the required number of samples
Assignment 5
Test plan + hypothesis testing
Assignment discussion and peer review
Uncertainty
Systematic error and random error
analysis
Estimating uncertainty
Error propagation
Error correction
Sensing I
Pressure sensors
(probes)
Temperature sensors
Strain sensors
Velocity sensors
(working principles, uncertainties and error
sources, resolution, range)
Sensing II
Photodetector
(optical)
CCD & CMOS
High speed imaging
Image acquisition
Optical transfer functions and spatial
resolution
Assignment 6
Sensors + uncertainty
Assignment discussion and peer review
Signal
Amplifiers
conditioning
Filters
Shielding and grounding
Reconstruction and enhancement
Data acquisition Sampling concepts
and processing
Data acquisition systems
A/D conversion
Aliasing
Image
Image processing
processing and
Data presentation
data
Perception
presentation
Assignment 7
Signal conditioning + data processing
Assignment discussion and peer review

Murali K Ghatkesar, PME, 3mE, TU Delft

(M.K.Ghatkesar@tudelft.nl)

Gerrit Elsinga, P&E, 3mE, TU Delft

(G.E.Elsinga@tudelft.nl)

Tue
10 JAN

3D techniques

Thu
Question hour
12 JAN
FRI
EXAM
03 FEB


Assignment Schedule:

Assign. Week Date
No.
1

1.2

Wed
14 SEP
Fri
23 SEP
Wed
28 SEP
Tue
04 OCT
Mon
10 OCT
Tue
18 OCT

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.7

Wed
19 OCT

1.8

Fri
28 OCT

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

Wed
16 Nov
Thu
24 Nov
Wed
30 Nov
Thu
08 DEC
Wed
14 DEC
Thu
22 Dec

Computer vision
Triangulation
Introduction to tomography
Applications
Entire syllabus + Information on exam

Task
Term 1
Available
on
Blackboard
Assignment discussion
and peer review
Available
on
Blackboard
Assignment discussion
and peer review
Available
on
Blackboard
Assignment discussion
and peer review
Available
on
Blackboard
Assignment discussion
and peer review
Term 2
Available
on
Blackboard
Assignment discussion
and peer review
Available
on
Blackboard
Assignment discussion
and peer review
Available
on
Blackboard
Assignment discussion
and peer review

Topic
Math + Newtons Laws +
Waves

Electrostatics

Magnetism
Electrodynamics

Optics + QM

Test plan + hypothesis
testing

Sensors + uncertainty

Signal conditioning + data
processing

Final Exam: 03 Feb 2017; 9:00h till 12:00h
Re-exam: 21 April 2017; 9:00h till 12:00h

Murali K Ghatkesar, PME, 3mE, TU Delft
(M.K.Ghatkesar@tudelft.nl)

Gerrit Elsinga, P&E, 3mE, TU Delft

(G.E.Elsinga@tudelft.nl)