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Introduction
The modern diesel locomotive is a self contained version of the
electric locomotive. Like the electric locomotive, it has electric
drive, in the form of traction motors driving the axles and
controlled with electronic controls. It also has many of the same
auxiliary systems for cooling, lighting, heating, braking and
hotel power (if required) for the train. It can operate over the
same routes (usually) and can be operated by the same drivers. It
differs principally in that it carries its own generating station
around with it, instead of being connected to a remote
generating station through overhead wires or a third rail. The
generating station consists of a large diesel engine coupled to an
alternator producing the necessary electricity. A fuel tank is also
essential. It is interesting to note that the modern diesel
locomotive produces about 35% of the power of a electric
locomotive of similar weight.
Electronic Controls
Almost every part of the modern locomotive's equipment has
some form of electronic control. These are usually collected in a
control cubicle near the cab for easy access. The controls will
usually include a maintenance management system of some sort
Engine Block
The engine block is the basic support and
attaching point for all other engine parts. Engine
blocks are made by pouring molten cast iron, steel,
or aluminum into molds. After the metal cools, the
molding sand is washed out and the block is
machined to allow other parts to be installed or
attached. The major parts installed in or on the
Crank-Shaft
Connecting rods
Cylinder Heads
The cylinder head contains the combustion
chamber for each cylinder and forms the top of the
cylinder. Cylinder heads contain the intake and
exhaust valves and, in some cases, the camshaft
and lifters. They also contain oil galleries, coolant
passages, and openings to allow the flow of intake
and exhaust gases. Cylinder heads are made from
either cast iron or aluminum. A sheet metal, cast
aluminum, or plastic valve cover is installed over
the upper valve train components. We show a
typical cylinder head. Coolant passages between
the cylinder heads and engine block must be
sealed to prevent coolant leakage.
TURNING OPERATIONS
In this operation we can reduce the diameter of the job
along the bed.
FACING OPERATION
In this operation we can reduce the length of the job
across the bed.
CUTTING OPERATION
In this operation we can cut the material in different ways
e.g. length, depth and diameter.
DRILLING OPERATION
PLANNING OPERATION
In planning operation we plane the rough surface of
material e.g. we plane the surface of motor cab.
TWIST DRILL
By the help of this hammer we made hanger (PL V1684) and making shekel (W-401).And also made
safety pin.
It also made break beam end (V-724).
TRIMMING PRESS
In this section press trim the extra material from
the required shape and required shape is obtained
in this process roughly.
DROP STEMP
To draw dots on the t-nut to drill screw in it;
MACHINE SECTION
PUNCHING MACHINE (PS-08)
This machine doing some operation;
1-Punching operation
2-Cutting operation
3-Angle cutting operation
FORGING MACHINE (DF-04)
SPRING SHOP
Principle of a spring
In distinction to a rigid beam, a spring, regardless
of its form or shape, will exert a changing force as
it deflects its horn block. This relationship is linear,
with maximum force being applied when the spring
is fully compressed (to take the example of a
compression spring), and zero force being applied
when the spring is in its fully relaxed state this
principle is shown in figure 7. The actual deflection
of the spring is directly proportional to a property,
the 'spring rate' (or 'spring constant') of the
particular spring. If a spring relaxes to depress a
wheel onto the rail, the reduction in the force
applied to the horn block will be counterbalanced
by a distributed increase in the force the loco
BOGIE ASSEMBLY
Set the frame on the bolster and then fitted the
suspension link and then fitted the bolster tray
finally. Now fitted the under gear and then fit the
shock absorber then paint it and then change the
damage part of bogie. The parts of bogie are given
below:
1-pivoit pin
2-pull road
3-Under frame section
4-safety bracket
5-shock absorber
6-spring (k 64, 65, 66)
7-head stock
8-cross bar
9-longitudnal bar
10-side barrier
And also different parts are used in the Pakistan
railway bogies.
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
WORK SHOP ASSIGNEMENT