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Product Review

Mechanical

Pressure Measuring Instruments

Part of Your Business

Contents
WIKA product lines

Pressure gauges for relative pressure, Bourdon tube 46


Pressure gauges for relative pressure, Precision

Pressure gauges for relative pressure, Diaphragm

Pressure gauges for relative pressure, Capsule

Pressure gauges for differential pressure

Fully automatic
production of
standard pressure gauges

10-11

Pressure gauges for absolute pressure

12

Accessories

13

Possibilities for combination with diaphragm seals 14


Special versions

15

Mechatronic Pressure gauges

16

Technical Information

17-19

The modern high-bay


warehouse ensures
efficient logistics

Ability to meet any Challenge


Our knowledge for your success
In the course of the last six decades the name WIKA has
become a symbol for sophisticated solutions in the field of
pressure and temperature measurement.
Our ever increasing ability is the basis for implementation of
innovative technologies in the form of reliable products and
efficient system solutions.
Our top ranking in the world market today owes itself to the
consistent devotion to ensure first class quality backed by
more than 6,000 employees in the WIKA group of companies. Right from the outset more than 500 experienced
distribution employees alone ensure that our customers are
competently advised and individually serviced throughout
the world.

Made by WIKA
The development and high-tech production in our owned
modern production facilities (Germany, Brazil, China, India,
Canada, Poland, Switzerland, South Africa and USA) is the
best warranty for our flexibility.
Whether SMD automatic insertion machines, CNC automatic machining centres, welding robots, laser welding, sputterers, thermotransfer printing or thin film production - we
exploit all possibilities to achieve above-average results.
And the end result: More than 43 million quality products
are delivered year in, year out, in more than 100 countries.
This means some 350 million WIKA measuring instruments
in use all over the globe.

Certified quality
The WIKA quality assurance management system has been
certified in accordance with ISO 9001:2001 since 1994.
The quality and safety standards of our company meet the
standard systems of several countries.

DKD accredited
calibration laboratories
for pressure, temperature
and mass

WIKA Product lines

WIKA Product lines


The WIKA programme covers the following product lines for various fields of application.

Electronic Pressure Measuring Instruments


WIKA offers a complete range of electronic pressure
measuring instruments: pressure sensors, pressure
switches and pressure transmitters for the measurement
of gauge, absolute and differential pressure. Our pressure measuring instruments are available in the measuring
ranges 0...0.6 mbar to 0...15,000 bar. These instruments
come supplied with standardised current or voltage output
signals (also intrinsically safe or with flameproof enclosure
according to ATEX), interfaces and protocols for various
types of field buses.
Whether ceramic thick film, metal thin film or piezo-resistive,
WIKA is the only manufacturer worldwide that produces the
full range of todays leading sensor technologies.

Mechatronic Pressure
Measuring Instruments
As a result of the almost unlimited options for different
combinations of mechanical and electrical connections, an
extraordinary range of instrument variants is possible. For
these gauges various digital and analogue output signals
are also available.
Within our measuring instruments we use latest sensors,
tested in automotive applications millions of times over.
They work without any kind of mechanical contact, consequently wear-resistant, and theres absolutely no retroaction
to the mechanics.

Mechanical Pressure Measuring Instruments


Indicating instruments for gauge, absolute and differential
pressure with bourdon tube, diaphragm or capsule pressure element have been tested millions of times over. These
instruments cover pressure ranges from 0...2.5 mbar to
0...7,000 bar and accuracies of up to 0.1 %.

Diaphragm Seals
WIKA diaphragm seals are appreciated and recognised
internationally for the adaption of pressure gauges, pressure
transducers, pressure transmitters etc., to extremely difficult
measuring operations.
Thanks to the diaphragm seals the measuring instruments
are suited to extreme temperatures as well as aggressive,
corrosive, heterogeneous, abrasive, highly viscous or toxic
media.

Electrical Temperature
Measuring Instruments
Our range of products includes thermocouples, resistance
thermometers (also with local display), temperature
switches as well as analogue and digital temperature transmitters for all industrial applications, covering temperature
ranges from -200 to +1,800 C.

Mechatronic Temperature
Measuring Instruments
As a result of the integration of switching contacts and
output signals into our mechanical temperature measuring
instruments, we can offer a wide variety of combined instruments. With switching contacts the pointer position triggers
a change-over. Electrical output signals are realised via an
additional, independent sensor circuit (resistance thermometer or thermocouple).

Mechanical Temperature
Measuring Instruments
Our mechanical temperature measuring instruments work
on the bimetal, expansion or gas actuation principle and
cover temperature ranges from -200 C to +700 C.

Thermowells
A large variety of thermowells are available for the thermometers, so that they can even be used under extreme
process conditions. They can also be ordered in special
materials, e.g. Hastelloy or titanium, with tantalum covers or
E-CTFE/PFA coatings. As an engineering service we offer
thermowell calculations in accordance with ASME PTC 19.3
or Dittrich/Klotter.

Calibration Technology
WIKA offers a wide range of calibration instruments for the
measurement parameters pressure and temperature. In
addition, as WIKA service, any kind of electronic and mechanical pressure and temperature measuring instruments
(even from other manufacturers) are calibrated at our DKD
calibration laboratories.

For all product lines product reviews are available and may be
ordered by telefax request.


Pressure gauges for relative pressure


Bourdon tube pressure gauges, standard version
Bourdon tube pressure gauges are suitable for liquid and
gaseous media, so long as they are not highly viscous or
crystallising and do not attack copper alloy parts. The scale
ranges cover pressures from 0.6 to 1000 bar.

111.10

111.11

Standard version

Nominal size: 40, 50, 63, 80, 100, 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 400 bar
(max. 40 bar with 160 mm)
Accuracy class: 2.5
Data sheet: PM 01.01

Nominal size: 40, 50, 63 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 400 bar or other equivalent
units of pressure or vacuum for use with oxygen or
acetylene
Accuracy class: 2.5
Data sheet: PM 01.03

Standard version,
Lower mount

113.13

Panel mounting series,


with/without side clips

Nominal size: 40, 50, 63 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 400 bar
Accuracy class: 2.5
Data sheet: PM 01.10, PM 01.15

111.12

Welding gauges

111.16 / 111.26

These instruments are manufactured to EN 837-1 (Bourdon


tube pressure gauges; dimensions, measuring technology,
requirements and testing).
For measuring points with high dynamic loads, such as fast
load cycles or vibrations, a liquid-filled design should be
used.

113.53

Plastic case,
with liquid filling

Nominal size: 40, 50, 63 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 1.0 to 0 ... 400 bar
Accuracy class: 2.5
Ingress protection: IP 65
Data sheet: PM 01.04

Nominal size: 40, 50, 63, 80, 100 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 400 bar
Accuracy class: 2.5
Data sheet: PM 01.09

Standard version,
with liquid filling

Nominal size: 40, 80, 100 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 1.0 to 0 ... 400 bar
Accuracy class: 1.6 (NS 80, 100), 2.5 (NS 40)
Ingress protection: IP 65
Data sheet: PM 01.08

Pressure gauges for relative pressure


Bourdon tube

211.11

212.20

Solid version
diameter 250 mm

Nominal size: 250 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 1000 bar
Accuracy class: 1.0
Data sheet: PM 02.17

Solid version

213.53

Nominal size: 50, 63, 100 mm


Scale range: NS 50: 0 ... 1 to 0 ... 400 bar
NS 63, 100: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 1000 bar
Accuracy class: NS 50, 63: 1.6 / NS 100: 1.0
Ingress protection: IP 65
Data sheet: PM 02.12

Nominal size: 100, 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 600 bar
Accuracy class: 1.0
Data sheet: PM 02.01

Forged brass case,


with liquid filling

Nominal size: 63, 100 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 1000 bar
Accuracy class: 1.0 / 1,6 (NS 63)
Ingress protection: IP 65
Data sheet: PM 02.06

214.11

Stainless steel case,


with liquid filling

213.40

Square and edgewise,


panel mounting series

Nominal size in mm: 48x24, 72x36, 72x72, 96x96


Scale range: NS 48x24: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 40 bar
NS 72x36: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 40 bar
NS 72x72: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 400 bar
NS 96x96: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 1000 bar
Accuracy class: 1.6 (1.0 see Data sheet PM 02.08)
Ingress protection: IP 42
Data sheet: PM 02.07 / PM 02.08

Pressure gauges for relative pressure


Bourdon tube pressure gauges, increased corrosion resistance
The application areas for these gauges, manufactured
entirely in stainless steel, are gaseous and liquid aggressive
media that are not highly viscous or crystallising, also in
aggressive ambience. They are suitable for scale ranges
from 0 ... 0.6 bar up to 0 ... 7,000 bar. Dependant upon
the pressure range and the instrument type, overpressure
safety of up to a maximum of 5 x full scale value is possible.

131.11

222.30

Stainless steel version

Nominal size: 40, 50, 63 mm


Scale range: NS 40 and 50: 0 ... 1 to 0 ... 600 bar
NS 63: 0 ... 1 to 0 ... 1000 bar
Accuracy class: 2.5
Data sheet: PM 01.05

Safety version,
for high pressure

232.30 / 233.30

Nominal size: 63, 100, 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 1.0 to 0... 1,000 bar (NS 63) 0 ... 0.6 to
0 ... 1.000 bar (NS 100) 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 1,600 bar (NS 160)
Accuracy class: 1.0 / 1.6 (NS 63)
Ingress protection: IP 65
Data sheet: PM 02.04

Nominal size: 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 2,000 to 0 ... 7,000 bar
Accuracy class: 1.0
Data sheet: PM 02.09

232.50 / 233.50

Stainless steel,
Safety version

To this point, the measuring accuracy is maintained. Liquid


filling the case ensures a precise instrument display with
high dynamic pressure loads and vibrations.

Stainless steel version

Nominal size: 63, 100, 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 1.0 to 0 ... 1,000 bar (NS 63) 0 ... 0.6 to
0 ... 1.000 bar (NS 100) 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 1,600 bar (NS 160)
Accuracy class: 1.0 / 1.6 (NS 63)
Ingress protection: IP 65
Data sheet: PM 02.02

Pressure gauges for relative pressure


Precision pressure gauges

Pressure gauges
for relative pressure
Precision pressure gauges
These measuring instruments are used whenever there
is a high requirement for accuracy in the measurement.
Depending upon the instrument model, accuracies of
0.1 %, 0.25 %, or 0.6 % of full scale value can be
measured.

311.11

312.20

Test gauges series,


diameter 250 mm

Nominal size: 250 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 1.600 bar
Accuracy class: 0.6
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 03.02

Nominal size: 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 0.6 bar to 0 ... 1.600 bar
Accuracy class: 0.6
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 03.01

Test gauges series,


safety pattern version

610.20

Test gauges series,


Class 0,1, 250 mm

Nominal size: 250 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 1.0 bar to 0 ... 1.600 bar
Accuracy class: 0.1
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 03.03

332.30 / 333.30

Test gauges series,


diameter 160 mm

342.11

The pressure ranges cover from 0 ... 6 mbar up to


0 ... 6,000 bar, and are suitable for calibration tasks.
For each of the gauges specified here, a DKD certificate
can be provided.

612.11

Test gauges series,


for low pressures, 160 mm

Nominal size: 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 10 mbar to 0 ... 600 mbar
Accuracy class: 0.6
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 06.09

Nominal size: 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 1.600 bar
Accuracy class: 0.6
Ingress protection: IP 65
Data sheet: PM 03.05

Test gauges series,


for low pressures, 250mm

Nominal size: 250 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 6 mbar to 0 ... 400 mbar
Accuracy class: 0.1 / 0.25
Ingress protection: IP 65
Data sheet: PM 06.04

Pressure gauges for relative pressure


Diaphragm

Pressure gauges for relative pressure


Diaphragm pressure gauges
The application areas for these gauges with diaphragm
measuring elements, manufactured entirely in stainless
steel, are aggressive gaseous and liquid media with open
connection flanges, as well as highly viscous and contaminated media, also in aggressive ambience. They are
suitable for scale ranges from 0 ... 16 mbar up to 0 ... 40
bar. Dependant upon the pressure range and the instrument
type, overpressure safety of up to a maximum

422.12 / 423.12

432.50 / 433.50

Solid version
Grey cast iron

Nominal size: 100, 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 16 mbar to 0 ... 40 bar
Accuracy class: 1.6
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 04.02

of 3 x or 5 x full scale value is possible as standard, and for


special designs, 10, 40, 100 or 400 bar, with the measuring
accuracy maintained. Liquid filling the case ensures a
precise instrument display, even with high dynamic
pressure loads and vibrations. Special wetted parts
materials are available as options.

432.56

Stainless steel version

Nominal size: 100, 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 16 mbar to 0 ... 40 bar
Accuracy class: 1.6
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 04.03

Stainless steel version


high overpressure safety

Nominal size: 100, 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 250 mbar to 0 ... 40 bar
Accuracy class: 1.6
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 04.07

Pressure gauges for relative pressure


Capsule

Pressure gauges
for relative pressure
Capsule pressure gauges
Capsule pressure gauges are particularly suited to very
low pressures. The scale ranges lie between 0 2.5
mbar und 0 1000 mbar with an accuracy class of 0.1
to 2.5. Capsule pressure gauges consist of two circular,
corrugated diaphragms, joined together around the edge
with a pressure-tight seal. These gauges are particularly

611.10

611.13

Standard version

Nominal size: 50, 63 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 25 to 0 ... 600 mbar
Accuracy class: 1.6
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 06.01

Nominal size: 72x72, 96x96, 144x144, 144x72 mm


Scale range: NS 72 x 72: 0 ... 25 to 0 ... 600 mbar
NS 96 x 96: 0 ... 10 to 0 ... 600 mbar
Accuracy class: 1.6
Data sheet: PM 06.05

Nominal size: 50, 63 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 60 to 0 ... 1000 mbar
Accuracy class: 2.5
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 06.12

Solid version

Nominal size: 63,100, 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 6 to 0 ... 600 mbar
Accuracy class: 1.6
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 06.02

632.50

Edgewise panel mounting series

612.20

Plastic case
swikap

614.11

suited to gaseous media and relatively low pressures.


Overpressure protection is possible in certain cases. These
pressure measuring instruments are used mainly within
medical, vacuum, environmental and laboratory technology
for contents measurement and filter monitoring.

Stainless steel version

Nominal size: 63, 100, 160 mm


Scale range: NS 63: 0 ... 40 to 0 ... 600 mbar
NS 100: 0 ... 16 to 0 ... 600 mbar
NS 160: 0 ... 2.5 to 0 ... 600 mbar
Accuracy class: 1.6
Ingress protection: IP 65
Data sheet: PM 06.03

Pressure gauges for


differential pressure
Differential pressure gauges work with a wide range of
pressure elements. With this variety, measuring ranges from
0 ... 0.25 mbar up to 0 ... 1000 bar and overriding static
pressures up to 400 bar are possible.

A2G-10
air2guideP, low pressures in
air-conditioning

Nominal size: 110 mm


Scale range: 0 250 Pa / 500 Pa / 750 Pa / 1000 Pa
1500 Pa / 3000 Pa / 6000 Pa
Accuracy class: 3.0
Ingress protection: IP 64
Data sheet: PM 07.40

711.12
Bourdon tube, with parallel entry
connection

10

Nominal size: 100, 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 0.6 to 0 ... 1000 bar
Accuracy class: 1.6
Ingress protection: IP 33
Data sheet: PM 07.02

These differential pressure gauges are used to monitor


fouling levels in filtration plants
the level in closed tanks
the overpressure in clean rooms
the flow rate of gaseous and liquid media
and they control pumping plants

700.01
Compact design, magnetic piston
and compression spring

Nominal size: 80 mm
Scale range: 0 ... 400 mbar to 0 ... 10 bar
Accuracy class: 3 %
with increasing differential pressure
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 07.14

700.02
Magnetic piston and compression
spring with seperation diaphragm

Nominal size: 80 mm
Scale range: 0 ... 160 mbar to 0 ... 2.5 bar
Accuracy class: 5 %
with increasing differential pressure
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 07.14

Pressure gauges for differential pressure

716.11
Capsule pressure gauge, with
parallel entry connection

Nominal size: 63, 100, 160 mm


Scale range: NS 63: 0 ... 16 to 0 ... 400 mbar
NS 100: 0 ... 6 to 0 ... 250 mbar
NS 160: 0 ... 4 to 0 ... 250 mbar
Accuracy class: 1.6
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 07.07

732.14
Stainless steel version, high overpressure safety up to max. 400 bar

732.51 / 733.51
Stainless steel version,
all-metal media chamber

Nominal size: 100, 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 16 mbar to 0 ... 25 bar
Accuracy class: 1.6
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 07.05

Nominal size: 100, 160 mm


Scale range:
0 ... 60 to 0 ... 250 mbar (gauge head DN 140)
0 ... 0.4 bar to 0 ... 40 bar (gauge head DN 80)
Accuracy class: 1.6
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 07.13

762.14
Stainless steel version, high overpressure safety up to max. 400 bar

Nominal size: 100, 160 mm


Scale range: see Model 732.14
Accuracy class: 2.5
Ingress protection: IP 54
Wetted parts: Monel 2.4375
Data sheet: PM 07.13

DELTA-plus 702
Aluminium case, with
integrated working pressure gauge

Nominal size: 100 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 0.25 to 0 ... 25 bar
Accuracy class: 2.5
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 07.15

11

Pressure gauges for absolute pressure

Pressure gauges for absolute pressure


Absolute pressure measuring instruments are used when
measured pressures are independent of the natural fluctuations in atmospheric pressure. The pressure of the measured media is determined against a reference pressure,
which corresponds to the absolute pressure zero point.
For this, the reference chamber is completely evacuated,
so that there is a near-perfect vacuum in it.

516.11

516.12

Compact design,
Capsule

12

Nominal size: 80 mm
Scale range: 0 ... 25 to 0 ... 1000 mbar abs.
Accuracy class: 1.6
Ingress protection: IP 66
Data sheet: PM 05.01

The display ranges lie between 0 16 mbar absolute and


0 25 bar absolute, with accuracy classes of 0.6 % to
2.5 %. Applications for these high-precision measuring
instruments are, for example, monitoring of vacuum pumps
and vacuum packing machines. They are also used in
laboratories, in order to monitor condensation pressures
or to determine the vapour pressure of liquids.

532.5x

Compact design,
Bourdon tube

Nominal size: 80 mm
Scale range: 0 ... 1,6 to 0 ... 16 bar abs.
Accuracy class: 1.6
Ingress protection: IP 66
Data sheet: PM 05.01

Stainless steel version


for gaseous and liquid media

Nominal size: 100, 160 mm


Scale range: 0 ... 25 mbar to 0 ... 25 bar
Absolute pressure high overpressure safety
Accuracy class: 0.6 / 1.0 / 1.6 / 2.5
Ingress protection: IP 54
Data sheet: PM 05.02

Accessories

Accessories

910.xx

910.25

Pressure gauge cocks and valves

Service intended: Pressure gauge isolation


Data sheet: AC 09.01, AC 09.02 and AC 09.18

Pressure equalizing valve for


differential pressure gauges

910.12 / 910.13

Service intended: For protect gauges against the effects


of pressure pulses and pressure peaks
Data sheet: AC 09.03 and AC 09.04

Service intended: Isolating, pressure equalising as


well as purging and air bleeding valves to fit diffential
pressure gauges
Data sheet: AC 09.11

Pressure gauge syphons

910.14 / 910.17

Snubbers and overpressure


protectors

910.15

910.16

Adaptors and sealing washers

Service intended: To adapt, mount and seal


pressure gauges
Data sheet: AC 09.05 and AC 09.08

Service intended: For protection against excessive


pulsation and heat
Data sheet: AC 09.06

Surface mounting brackets

Service intended: For mounting pressure gauges


Data sheet: AC 09.07

13

Possibilities for combination


with diaphragm seals

Possibilities for combination


and assembly
Assembly of the diaphragm seal and measuring instrument may be made via a rigid direct connection or via a capillary
extension. The rigid assembly is made either by directly screwing or welding the measuring instruments to the diaphragm
seal or through a gauge adapter. For high temperatures a cooling tower can be fitted between seal and instrument.

Mechanical Pressure gauges

Direct assembly

Diaphragm Seals with


threaded connection

Cooling tower

Diaphragm Seals with


flanged connection

Capillary

Diaphragm Seals with


sterile connection

The configuration of the combination of pressure measuring instruments and diaphragm seals depends, among other
things, on the application conditions in which the assembly must work. Please do not hesitate to ask your contact at WIKA
for advice regarding the selection of suitable diaphragm seals and the best configuration for your specific application.

14

Special versions

The right solution


Your design
We deliver our measuring instruments just as you require.
Housings and dials, scales, cables, seals and much more
can be manufactured with your logo or to the design you
wish. We can also provide you with complete technical
documentation in your design, with your type designation
and corresponding packaging.

Miniaturisation solves installation problems

Scale 1:1

The trend for miniaturisation demands intelligent solutions.


The use of small gauges, e.g. in nominal sizes between 15
mm and 27 mm, makes installation possible in plants with
minimal available space. Precise instrument read-out is nevertheless ensured.
These measuring instruments are used, for example, in
pneumatics, in medical technology and in machine building.

Special applications
For pure media
These pressure gauges are used for the highest demands
of purity within the process medium. Particular application
areas are the semiconductor and electronics industries,
medical technology and bio, genetic and pharmaceutical
technology.

For level measurement in cryotechnology


Differential and working pressure are measured centrally
in a single instrument. With only 4 different measuring elements, from 0 80 mbar up to 0 2300 mbar, all usual
tank sizes are covered. Scaleable measuring ranges (maximum Turn Down of 1 : 3.5). Optional transmitter for differential pressure signalling and/or working pressure signalling.

15

Mechatronic pressure gauges

Mechatronic Pressure Measuring


Instruments
Product Review

Nearly all mechanical WIKA pressure gauges can be


fitted with electrical contacts or transmitters.
In addition we also offer you a wide variety of high
quality pressure switches.
The instruments with magnetic snap-action contacts,
inductive contacts and electronic contacts can be found
in the WIKA Product Review "Mechatronic Pressure
Measuring Instruments". Simply download this brochure
under www.wika.de or submit a Fax request
(s. reverse side of this Product Review).

Pressure gauges with electrical output signal

Pressure gauges with switch contacts

16

Mechatronic

Pressure Measuring Instruments

Technical Information

Measuring principles of
Pressure gauges
Mechanical pressure gauges are produced with bourdon tube, diaphragm and bellow and spring elements
and are accordingly different. The measuring elements
are made of copper alloys, alloyed steels or produced in
special materials for specific measuring applications.
Pressures are only measurable in conjunction with a reference pressure. The atmospheric pressure alone serves as reference pressure. The pressure gauge shows
how much the measured pressure is higher or lower in
relation to the given atmospheric pressure (i.e. an overpressure measuring instrument). The pressure is shown

in standard measuring ranges on the dial by the pointer.


Liquid-filled pressure gauges offer optimal protection
against destruction by high dynamic pressure loads or
vibrations as a result of their cushioning. Switching
operations can be carried out when combined with
alarm contacts and electrical output signals
(for example 4 ... 20 mA) can be used for industrial
process automation in combination with transmitters.

1. Pressure gauges with bourdon tube


Bourdon tubes are circular-shaped tubes with an oval
cross-section. The pressure of the media acts on the inside
of this tube. The end of the tube which is not fixed moves,
this movement being a measurement for the pressure. This
movement is indicated by a pointer.

Pointer
Bourdon tube
End piece
Link

The bourdon tubes bent at an angle of approx. 250 are


used for pressures up to approx. 60 bar. Used for higher
pressures are bourdon tubes with a number of superimposed coils of the same diameter (i.e. helical coils)
or helical-shaped coils (i.e. helical springs) at one level.
Bourdon tubes can only be protected against overload to
a limited extent. For particularly difficult measuring operations the pressure gauge can be provided upstream with
a diaphragm seal as separation or protection system. The
pressure ranges are between 0 ... 0.6 and 0 ... 7,000 bar
with a reading accuracy (or class) from 0.1 to 4.0 %

Quadrant
Dial

Movement
Stem with pressure connector

Pressure entry

17

Technical Information

2. Pressure gauges with diaphragm elements


Diaphragm elements are circular-shaped, convoluted membranes. They are either clamped around the rim between
two flanges or welded and subject to the pressure of the
media acting on one side. The deflection caused in this way
is used as a measurement for the pressure and is indicated
by a pointer.
Compared with bourdon tubes these diaphragm elements
have a relatively high activating force. Due to the annular
clamping of the element they are insensitive to vibration.
The diaphragm element can be subject to higher overload
through load take-up points (by bringing the diaphragm element up against the upper flange). Moverover, the measuring instrument can also be protected against extremely
corrosive media by coating with special material or covering
with foil.
Wide connection ports, open connection flanges and purging plugs can be integrated for measuring highly viscous,
impure or crystallizing media.
Pressure ranges are between 0 ... 16 mbar and 0 ... 40 bar
in accuracy class from 0.6 to 2.5 %.

Pointer
Dial

Movement

Bolting

Link

Sealing
ring

Upper
diaphragm
housing
Diaphragm
Bolting
Lower
diaphragm
housing
Pressure
chamber
Pressure entry

3. Pressure gauges with capsule elements

Dial
Pressure
chamber

Window

Capsule
element

Movement
Pointer

Stem with pressure connector

Pressure entry

18

The capsule element comprises two circular-shaped,


convoluted membranes sealed tight around their circumference. The pressure acts on the inside of this capsule and
the generated stroke movement is shown by a pointer as
measurement of pressure.
Pressure gauges with capsule elements are more especially
suitable for gaseous media and relatively low pressures.
Overload protection is possible within certain limits.
The activating force is increased if a number of capsule
elements are connected mechanically in series (a so-called
capsule element package).
Pressure ranges are between 0 ... 2.5 mbar and 0 ... 0.6 bar
in the accuracy class 0.1 to 2.5.

Technical Information

4. Absolute pressure gauges


These instruments are used where pressures are to be
measured independent of the natural fluctuations in atmospheric pressure. As a general rule all the known types
of element and measuring principles can be applied.
The pressure of the media to be measured is compared
against a reference pressure which, at the same time, is absolute zero. For this purpose an absolute vacuum is given
as reference pressure in a reference chamber on the side of
the measuring element not subject to pressure.
This function is achieved by sealing off the appropriate
measuring chamber or surrounding case. Measuring
element movement transmission and pressure indication
follow in the same way as with the already described overpressure gauges.
Pressure ranges are between 0 ... 16 mbar and 0 ... 25 bar
in the accuracy class 0.6 to 2.5.

Sealed reference
chamber (evacuated)

Link

Diaphragm
element

Sealing
bellows

Sealing
bellows

Pressure
chamber

Pressure entry

5. Differential pressure gauges

Link
LP-pressure chamber
Sealing
bellows

Diaphragm

HP-pressure
chamber

Pressure p1

Pressure p2

The difference between two pressures is determined directly and shown on the differential pressure gauge.
Here again all of the measuring elements known from
overpressure gauges and the measuring principles can be
applied.
Two sealed medium chambers are separated by the measuring element or measurement elements, respectively. If both
operating pressures are the same the measuring element
cannot make any movement and no pressure will be indicated. A differential pressure reading is only given when one
of the pressures is either higher or lower. Low differential
pressures can be measured directly in the case of high static pressures. Very high overload capability is achieved with
diaphragm elements.
The permissible static pressure and the overload capability
on the j and i side must be observed. Transmission of
the measuring element movement and pressure indication
is the same as with the already described overpressure
gauges in the majority of cases.
Pressure ranges are between 0 ... 2.5 mbar and 0 ... 40 bar
in the accuracy class 0.6 to 2.5.
Areas of application
Filter technology (monitoring filter state)
Filling level measurement (in enclosed containers)
Flow measurement (pressure drop)

19

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Phone: (+43) 1-86 91 631
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Basinc ve Sicaklik lcme
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Fax(+49) 9372/132-406
Please send me additional information
Electronic Pressure
Mechatronic Pressure
Diaphragm Seals
Electrical Temperature
Mechatronic Temperature
Mechanical Temperature
Calibration Technology

WIKA Alexander Wiegand GmbH & Co. KG


Alexander-Wiegand-Strae 30 63911 Klingenberg Germany
Tel. (+49) 9372/132-0 Fax (+49) 9372/132-406
E-Mail info@wika.de www.wika.de
9099590 03/2009 GB

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Ltda.
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Firstname, Name
Company
Street
Postal Code/City
Country

E-Mail

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Seoul 153-023
Phone: (+82) 2 - 8 69 05 05
Fax: (+82) 2 - 8 69 05 25
E-mail: info@wika.co.kr
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WIKA Instrumentation (M) Sdn.
Bhd.
47100 Puchong, Selangor
Phone: (+603) 80 63 10 80
Fax: (+603) 80 63 10 70
E-mail: info@wika.com.my
www.wika.com.my
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Phone: (+65) 68 44 55 06
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E-mail: info@wika.com.sg
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Ltd.
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Fax: (+886) 3 490 0080
E-mail: info@wika.com.tw
www.wika.com.tw

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Asia

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Phone

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Fax

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Unit 7 / 49 Sainsbury Road
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Phone: (+64) 9 - 847 90 20
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E-mail: info@wika.co.nz
www.wika.co.nz

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