Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Learners Material
GOVERNMENT PROPERTY
NOT FOR SALE
ALLOTTED TO
Department of Education
Republic of the Philippines
Cris F. Diozo
Marvin A. Mendoza
Teacher I
Taytay National High School
Division of Rizal
Master Teacher I
Community Vocational High School
Division of Calapan City
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE
PECs
Environment and Market..
Process and Delivery
PAGE
5
21
33
Quarter I
Introduction
33
Pre/Diagnostic LO1 ..
33
35
Self-Check 1.1
37
37
Self-Check 1.2
42
43
Self-Check 1.3
45
46
Self-Check 1.1
48
49
Self-Check 1.2
51
Activity 1.3 .
52
Self-Check 1.3
54
Pre/Diagnostic LO2 ..
56
56
Self-Check 2.1
58
59
Self-Check 2.1
61
62
Quarter II
Introduction
64
Pre/Diagnostic LO3 ..
64
65
Self-Check 3.1
68
Pre/Diagnostic LO4 ..
69
70
Self-Check 4.1
72
72
Self-Check 4.1
73
74
Self-Check 4.2
75
77
Quarter III
Introduction
79
Pre/Diagnostic LO1 ..
80
81
82
Self-Check 1.2
86
87
Self-Check 1.3
92
Activity 1.1 .
93
Self-Check 1.1
94
Pre/Diagnostic LO2 ..
95
96
Self-Check 2.1
103
103
Self-Check 2.1
105
106
Self-Check 2.2
107
108
Quarter IV
Introduction
110
Pre/Diagnostic LO3 ..
110
111
Self-Check 3.1 .
Information Sheet 3.2
Self-Check 3.2 .
Activity Sheet 3.1
Self-Check 3.1
Information Sheet 3.3
Activity Sheet 3.2 ..
Self-Check 3.2 ..
Pre/Diagnostic LO4
Activity Sheet 4.1 ..
Self-Check 4.1 ..
Summative Assessment Quarter IV
Technical Terms ..
References ..
115
116
117
117
120
122
130
132
134
134
135
136
138
141
Essential Question
-
Content Standard
-
Guide Questions:
1. Why is there a need to assess ones personal characteristics, attributes,
lifestyles, skills and traits?
2. What are the personal entrepreneurial competencies of a successful
entrepreneur?
Hello there!
Pre- Assessment
A.
Matching Type
Directions: Column A lists the characteristics of a successful entrepreneur.
Draw a line from the items in Column A that connects the correct
definition of terms listed in Column B.
Column A
Column B
1. Hardworking
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
2. Self-confident
3. Profit-Oriented
6
4. Goal-Oriented
f.
5. Persistent
6. Responds to feedback
7. Willing to listen
8. Committed
9. Reliable and has integrity
10. Risk-taker
Are you done? This time you will do another set of pre- assessment
which could give you a better understanding of what this module is all about.
Are you ready? So, lets begin!
B. Multiple Choice.
Directions: Read and study the situation that describes the entrepreneurial
characteristics or attributes. Answer the question by writing the
letter of your choice in your assignment notebook or in the answer
sheet provided.
Mrs. Gina Magno opens up her own retail business. She knows that her
personal entrepreneurial characteristics are insufficient to ensure a successful
operationalization of a business that she has in mind. Your answers to the
questions below will help in developing her PECs.
1. What PECs must she possess if there are customers who complain about the
quality of her product?
7
a. Patience
b. Hardworking
c. Versatile
d. All of the above
2.
3.
4.
Mrs. Magno follows the advice of a friend to be flexible especially if she intends
to open a retail business. What PECs has been demonstrated by Mrs. Magno?
a. Self- confidence
b. Reliable and has integrity
c. Open to feedback
d. Persistent
5. She tells Mary, her best friend that she has a strong will and does not give up to
find a solution to a business problem. What PECs has been demonstrated by
Mrs. Magno?
a. Hard work
b. Persistence
c. Self-confidence
d. Risk- taking
C. Self- Assessment
indicates your strong PECs. The check mark on the 3rd column are
those PECs that need to be developed.
Strength
Hardworking
Self-confident
Builds for the future
Profit-oriented
Goal-oriented
Persistent
Copes with failure
Responds to feedback
Demonstrates initiative
Willing to listen
Sets own standards
Copes with uncertainty
Committed
9
Needs to be Developed
Builds on strengths
Reliable and has integrity
Risk-taker
Lesson1.
1. Hard working: If you are determined to run your own business, you must
concentrate on your work either as a producer or a seller. The success of
your business depends on how much time and effort you will spend on it.
2. Self- Confidence: You must have a strong faith in your ability despite the
problems that you will encounter along the way.
3. Future-Oriented: Once a person enters in a line of business, you must
understand that you are in a non-stop contract that an entrepreneur should
understand. It may take several years to build up a business to a reasonable
standard. The goal for most successful business people is to build a secure
job and stable income for themselves based on their own ability.
4. Profit-Oriented: When you enter into the world of business, obviously, you
are looking for income because you know that this will be your bread and
butter not only for you but also for your family. Therefore, you must see to it
the business can generate income. Another plan of action is to expand your
own business through the use of your generated income.
10
entrepreneur, you should know how to handle unusual events that may
happen in the business which include problems in managing the workers,
problems on the delivery of goods and services, and the problems on
demand and production. You must be patient in dealing with these
uncertainties.
11
13. Committed:
attachment to your friends, families and relatives are set aside. You must
separate the money for your business from the amount that you need to
spend for personal obligations and lifestyles.
14. Builds on Strengths:
strengths.
services, knowledge in trade and industry, ability to make and use of a wide
network of contacts to build your business.
15. Reliable and has Integrity: An entrepreneur must build a good reputation,
possess the courage to do the right thing, do what you say, walk your talk, be
loyal, and be fair in dealing with the subordinates and costumers.
16. Risk-Taker:
When misfortunes
happen, consider these as challenges and work them out and set good
alternatives. Risks may result to loss of your business or even bankruptcy.
Activity1:
Directions:
Choose from the list below the characteristics and traits that best
describe your own personal entrepreneurial characteristics.
Find
Resourceful
Persistent
Organized
Independent
Confident
Risk taker
Observant
Competent
Trustworthy
Optimistic
Passionate
Flexible
Sensitive
Committed
Dynamic
Efficient
Decision-maker
Reliable
Knowledgeable
Persevering
Hardworking
12
Decisive
Strongminded
Courteous
My simple definition
PECs of a successful
entrepreneur
1.
Creative
2. Organized
3. Competent
4. Observant
Example: My PECs
Activity 2.
Directions: At the center of the street are arrows where positive and negative
characteristics and traits are written. Pick out the positive PECs that
you are already strong at, and write them down on the blank arrows
on the left side. PECs written on the arrows at the right side are the
negative characteristics that need to be further improved.
13
15
Selfconfidence
16
Focus
Current
Area
Situation
My PECs
I need to
Measures
Goal
of
Success
- To exercise Achieve
Time
Required
Frame
Reward/
Recognition
-Selling
-During
-Earns
finished
culminating expected
develop my
my own
undefined
activities
income
characteris-
selling and
development
-After
-Outstanding
producing
of
my retail
products/
100%
Actions
my
selling
derived from
own culminating
performance
the
in selling and
learning
theories,
products and
services
proficient in products,
-Participate
process
____________
my chosen
proper
in skills
and of any
____________
skill.
GO
17
chosen
promoting
Post-Assessment
Answer the post assessment below to determine
whether there is significant increase in your understanding of
PECs. The feedback to this post assessment is appended on
page 16.
Good Luck!
A. Matching Type
Directions: Column A lists the characteristics of a successful entrepreneur.
Draw a line from the items in Column A that connects the correct
definition of terms listed in Column B.
Column A
1.
Hardworking
2.
Self-confident
3.
Profit-oriented
4.
Goal-oriented
5.
Persistent
6.
7.
Willing to listen
8.
Committed
9.
10.
Risk-taker
Column B
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
18
B. Multiple Choice.
Directions:
Mrs. Gina Magno opens up her own retail business. She knows that her
personal entrepreneurial characteristics are insufficient to ensure a successful
operationalization of a business she has in mind. Your answers to the questions
below will help in developing her PECs.
1. What PECs must she possess if there are customers who complain about the
quality of her product?
a. Patience
b. Hardworking
c. Versatile
d. All of the above
2.
a. Commitment
b. Goal oriented
c. Futuristic or future-oriented
d. Opportunity seeker
4.
a. Self- confidence
b. Reliable and has integrity
c. Responsive to feedback
d. Persistent
5. She tells Mary, her best friend that she has a strong will and does not give up
to find a solution to a business problem. What PECs has been demonstrated
by Mrs. Magno?
a. Hard work
b. Persistence
c. Self-confidence
d. Risk- taking
Feedback
Pre-assessment/ Post- assessment
A.
Matching Type
1.d
6. f
2.c
7. e
3.b
8. j
4.a
9. i
5.g
10. h
B. Multiple Choice
1. a
2. b
3. d
4. c
5. b
20
Essential Question
How does one select an entrepreneurial activity?
Content Standard
-
Performance Standard
-
21
Guide Questions:
1. How does one determine the product to be produced or services to be offered
and delivered to the target market or customers in a particular community?
2. How does one select an entrepreneurial activity?
3. How can one respond effectively to a business enterprise?
Hello there! Are you ready to assess yourself if you are ready to
generate potential business ideas? Lets try by answering the
succeeding pre-assessment.
Pre-assessment
1. The following are examples of peoples basic needs, except:
a. Recreation
b. Clothing
c. Shelter
d. Food
Types of merchandise
Access of the target customers
The attractiveness of the store layout
The prevailing prices of goods in the area
23
individual which are non- basic needs like; fashion accessories, shoes,
clothes, travelling around the world, eating in an exclusive restaurant;
watching movies, concerts, plays, having luxurious cars, wearing expensive
jewelry, perfume, living in impressive homes, and others.
Needs and wants of people are the basic indicators of the kind of
business that you may engage into because it can serve as the measure of
your success. Some other good points that you might consider in business
undertakings are the kind of people, their needs, wants, lifestyle, culture and
tradition, and social orientation that they belong.
Lesson 2 Generating ideas for business
Here are some ways by which you may generate possible ideas for business.
1. Examine the existing goods and services. Are you satisfied with
the product? What do other people who use the product say about it?
How can it be improved? There are many ways of improving a product
from the way it is made to the way it is packed and sold? You can also
improve the materials used in crafting the product. In addition, you
introduce new ways of using the product, making it more useful and
adaptable to the customers many needs. When you are improving the
product or enhancing it, you are doing an innovation. You can also do
an invention by introducing an entirely new product to replace the old
one.
Business ideas may also be generated by examining what goods and
services are sold outside by the community. Very often, these
products are sold in a form that can still be enhanced or improved.
2. Examine the present and future needs. Look and listen to what the
customers, institution, and communities are missing in terms of goods
and services. Sometimes, these needs are already obvious and felt at
the moment. Other needs are not that obvious because they can only
be felt in the future, in the event of certain developments in the
community. For example, a town will have its electrification facility in
the next six months. Only by that time will the entrepreneur could think
of electrically- powered or generated business such as xerox copier,
computer service, digital printing, etc.
24
3. Examine how the needs are being satisfied. Needs for the products
and services are referred to as market demand. To satisfy these
needs is to supply the products and services that meet the demands of
the market. The term market refers to whoever will use or buy the
products or service, and these may be people or institutions such as
other businesses, establishments, organizations, or government
agencies.
There is a very good business opportunity when there is absolutely no
supply to a pressing market demand.
Businesses or industries in the locality also have needs for goods and
services. Their needs for raw materials, maintenance, and other
services such as selling and distribution are good sources of ideas for
business.
4. Examine the available resources around you. Observe what
materials or skills are available in abundance in your area. A business
can be started out of available raw materials by selling them in raw
form and by processing and manufacturing them into finished products.
For example, in a copra-producing town, there will be many coconut
husks and shells available as waste products. These can be
collected and made into coco rags/doormat and charcoal bricks and
sold profitably outside the community.
A group of people in your neighborhood may have some special skills
that can be harnessed for business. For example, women in the
Mountain Province possess loom weaving skills that have been passed
on from one generation to the next generation. Some communities
there set up weaving businesses to produce blankets, as well as
decorative items and various souvenir items for sale to tourists and
lowland communities.
Business ideas can come from your own skills. The work and
experience you may have in agricultural arts, industrial arts, home
economics, and ICT classes will provide you with business
opportunities to acquire the needed skills which will earn for you extra
income, should you decide to engage in income-generating activities.
25
With your skills, you may also tinker around with various things in your
spare time. Many products were invented this way.
5. Read magazines, news articles, and other publications on new
products and techniques or advances in technology. You can pick
up new business ideas from Newsweek, Readers Digest, Business
Magazines, Go Negosyo, KAB materials, Small- industry Journal. The
Internet serves as a library where you may browse and surf on
possible businesses. It will also guide you on how to put the right
product in the right place, at the right price, at the right time.
Listing of possible businesses to set up in an area may also be
available from banks or local non-government organizations.
Lesson 3 Selecting the Right Idea
Once you have embarked on identifying the business
opportunities, you will eventually see that there are many possibilities
that are available for you. It is very unlikely that you will have enough
resources to pursue all of them at once. Which one will you choose?
You have to select the most promising one from among
hundreds and one ideas. It will be good to do this in stages. In the
first stage, you screen your ideas to narrow them down to about five
choices. In the next stage, trim down the five choices to two options.
In the final stage, choose between the two and decide which business
idea worth pursuing.
In screening your ideas, examine each one in terms of the
following factors:
1. How much capital is needed to put up the business?
2. How big is the demand for the product? Do many people need this
product and will continue to need it for a long time?
3. How is the demand met? Who are processing the products to meet
the need (competition or demand)? How much of the need is now
being met (supply)?
4. Do you have the background and experience needed to run this
particular business?
5. Will the business be legal, not going against any existing or
foreseeable government regulation?
26
to meet the
the
community.
28
Age Bracket
Example:
Population
35
Needs
Toys, coloring books,
pajama
5 and below
6- 10 years old
11-15 years old
16-20 years old
21-25 years old
26-35 years old
35-45 years old
46-55 years old
56-65 years old
66 and above
29
Wants
Wooden
toys,
glossy
coloring
books,
etc.
fashionable pajama
After filling out the chart above, try to list down all the probable
Remember to
Positive Factors
Strengths
Negative Factors
Opportunities
Weaknesses
Threats
TRANSFER Of Learning
Now that, you have all the information, are you ready to test
your ability to generate your own business idea? If your answer is yes,
start studying the sample vicinity map of a community with a population
of two thousand people. A new housing project will be constructed
adjacent to Daang Hari St, close to Old Molino St., its main road. This
housing project targets the homeowners who are young couples with
two kids.
30
In this activity, you need to answer the questions that may lead to
the generation of a probable business.
2.
3.
4.
Can you say that you have seized the most feasible business
opportunity?
Post-assessment
6.
Feedback
Pre-assessment and Post assessment
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
32
Content Standard
Performance Standard
The
learner
demonstrates The learner independently assembles
understanding of principles in AC/DC power supply in accordance
assembling AC/DC power supply.
with manufacturers specification.
Quarter I
________________________________
I. INTRODUCTION:
This lesson contains information and learning activities in preparing
materials, tools, equipment, workplace and parts needed for assembling a
power supply. Additionally, for a clear understanding in assembling
electronic product, this lesson also contains information and learning
activities in designing and etching of printed circuit board (PCB), proper
mounting and soldering of components on PCB and auxiliary parts, and
circuit tracing for interconnection of all parts of the circuit.
Learning activities in the inspection and testing of finished ac/dc
power supply are included to comply with the standard operating procedure.
There are forms to accomplish for proper documentation.
A. Anode-Cathode
C. Two Anode
B. Infinite
D. Two Cathode
B. Bridge-type Rectifier
D. Full-wave rectifier circuit
34
Name
Actual Picture
Soldering tools:
Soldering iron
Soldering lead
Desoldering tool
Soldering stand
Screwdriver
Flat head
Philip
Pliers
Diagonal cutting pliers
Long nose pliers
Wire stripper
Utility knife
Boring tools
Mini drill with power
supply
Drill bit (in proportion
with terminals of
component)
Multitester/ Volt-OhmMilliammeter (VOM)
Analog
35
Copper clad
Sand paper
Pencil and paper
Ruler
Masking tape
Cleaning brush
Cleaning agent
AD/DC power supply kit must
include the following
components:
1 pc Step-down transformer
(750mA, multi-secondary:
3v, 4.5v, 6v, 9v, 12v)
4 pcs Rectifier diode
(IN4001)
1 pc Capacitor
(1,000uF/16v)
1 pc Resistor ( 1K 1/4w))
Wires
(1 m #22 solid/
1 m #18 stranded)
1 pc Rotary switch
(2 poles 5 positions)
2 pcs Alligator clip
(1 red & 1 black)
AC cord w/plug
Rubber grommet
Fuse with holder (.5 A)
Chassis/ compartment
PPE
EDS wrist strap
Mask
Apron
Schematic Diagram of AC/DC
multi-secondary unregulated
power supply
36
SELF-CHECK 1.1
10
11
12
13
14
15
37
Transformer
Stage
Filter
Stage
Rectifier
Stage
Transformer
Stage
Rectifier
Stage
Filter
Stage
Regulator
Stage
Transformer stage
In order to reduce the 220 volts/60 Hz power supply at our home,
there is a need for a step-down transformer. Most electronic circuits require
a low-voltage power supply in Direct Current (DC) form. The primary and
secondary voltage, current and power rating of a transformer is important
thing to consider.
Note that secondary voltage indicates the rated voltage. When the
secondary winding of a transformer has no load, the measured voltage
must be 10% higher than its rated voltage. This is the allowance for the
voltage drop when loaded.
Types of Rectifier Circuit
There are two types of rectifier, Half Wave Rectifier and the Full Wave
Rectifier. Under a full wave rectifier, there are two types, the Center-tapped
and the Bridge Rectifier.
1. Half Wave Rectifier Circuit
One rectifier diode D1 and one load resistor RL are needed to
conduct one alteration in every cycle of small AC input.
38
39
The full-wave bridge type rectifier circuit uses four rectifier diodesD1,
D2, D3, D4 and a load resistor (RL). A center-tapped transformer is not
necessary in this circuit. This circuit can deliver a higher current range to
the load because all of the cycles are consumed by the four diodes.
The operation of this rectifier circuit is different from the half-wave
and full-wave center tapped. The conduction of AC voltage starts from
Line-A going to Line-B.
Conduction of Diode in Full-Wave Bridge Type Rectifier Circuit
First Conduction
The negative half-cycle will be conducted to the cathode of diode D1,
and then thru the RL it will conduct to the cathode of diode D4 goes to LineB. In this case D1 and D4 are conducting.
Second Conduction
The positive half-cycle will be conducted to the anode of diode D2 and
then thru the RL, it will conduct to the anode of diode D3 goes to Line-B.,
thru the RL and going to conduct to the anode of diode D3 then Line-B. In
this case D2 and D3 are conducting.
40
(+)
Filter
Stage
(-)
+
-
Placing additional
capacitor in the output.
Filter Circuit
41
SELF-CHECK 1.2
AC-DC POWER SUPPLY
I. DIRECTION: Answer the following questions and write your answers
in separate sheets of paper.
1. How many stages do basic power supplies have?
2. What component do we need to use in a simple basic filtering stage?
3. Why is a bridge type rectifier the most expensive type of rectifier
stage?
4. What stage of the power supply reduces the high AC input voltage to
a lower AC output voltage?
5. What stage of the power supply converts small AC voltage to
pulsating DC voltage?
6. How many basic methods of filtering do the filtering stages have?
7. How many types of rectifier circuits do basic power supplies have?
8. What stage of the power supply smoothens the pulsating DC into
pure DC output voltages?
9. How many diodes do full-wave center-tapped power supplies have?
10. Why is a half-wave rectifier the cheapest type of rectifier stage?
II. Direction: Draw the schematic diagram of bridge type rectifier circuit:
(for five points)
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete
Complete
components/
components/
components/
components/
components/
Criteria
correct connection/ with label/ correct symbols
correct connection/ no label/ correct symbols
correct connection/ no label/incorrect symbol
incorrect connection/ no label/incorrect symbols
incorrect connection/ no label/incorrect symbols
42
Points
5
4
3
2
1
Substrate
Copper Clad
SELF-CHECK 1.3
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD OF AC-DC POWER SUPPLY
Direction: Read each statement and write the term being described in each
number on your answer sheet.
1. A board to which the electronic components is mounted and soldered.
2. It is the baseboard of a copper clad where the thin strip of copper are
bonded.
3. It is a thin copper layer which is firmly bonded to an insulating base
material where the components terminals are soldered
4 -5. The two types of substrate materials used in printed circuit.
6. It is one of the factors in designing a PCB to which the size of the entire
components are considered.
7. For easy troubleshooting, where should be the source, input, and output
terminals placed in PCB design.
8. It protects the component from burning up by absorbing the heat of active
components and must be provided enough space in designing process.
9. It is included in the design process in order to secure the PCB to the
chassis and space must be provided.
10. To enhance the circuit operation and prevent distortion, what should be
done in designing circuit?
Note: If you got all the answers right, that is an excellent mark. If you missed
one or more item/s, go back to information sheet 1.3, review the questions,
and study them more closely. Before you proceed to the next lesson you must
got all the answers right.
45
Materials
Cleaning brush
Desoldering tool
Screwdriver (Flat / and Philip)
Wire stripper / Utility knife
Mini drill (with drill bit ) with adaptor
(+12VDC supply)
Plier (Diagonal cutter/ Long nose)
Electronic equipment/instrument
Soldering lead
Cleaning agent
Wires (Stranded/ Solid )
Pre-design Printed Circuit Boards
(PCB)-copper clad
Sand paper
Metal polish and eraser
AC-DC power supply kit (1.5 12
High grade magnifying glass with lamp
volts variable power supply)
Drawing instrument
Pencil and paper
Analog multi tester (voltmeter/ VOM)
Permanent marker
Masking tape and cutter
These are the list of tools, equipment, and materials necessary in
designing and preparing a PCB of AC-DC power supply using permanent
marker or masking tape:
Procedures in Preparing the Layout Diagram in the PCB
1. Prepare the schematic diagram of the circuit.
5. Trace the reverse side of the designed PCB by using a carbon paper and
mark it on the copper side of the clad board.
6. Use a high point permanent marker for
marking. Do the marking three times.
47
Performed
Excellent
Very Satisfactory
Satisfactory
Needs
Improvement
Students Signature______________________
Date
______________
Teachers Signature______________________
Date
________________
48
Piece of Cloth
Plastic Varnish
Lacquer Thinner
Surgical Gloves
Knife or Cutter
Googles
Ferric Chloride
Chloride
Plastic
Basin
4. Etch the PCB by immersing it in a basin filled with ferric chloride until
the uncovered part of the copper clad is totally etched.
PCB
49
10. Apply plastic varnish to the newly etched PCB to prevent corrosion or
rust, and let it dry for a couple of minutes.
SELF-CHECK 1.2
PCB ETCHING
Directions: Rate yourself on how competent you have applied the skill in
PCB Etching using the criteria below by checking on the appropriate
box (points 1 to 5, 5 being the highest). Compute for the rating by
dividing each item by 5, multiply by 100. Average the rating of the six
criteria to get the final rating.
Criteria
Workmanship
Use of Tools
Use of Personal Protective Equipment
SPEED
House Keeping
Finished Design
Total
51
Points
4
3
2
Rating
Criteria
Workmanship
Use of Tools
Use of Personal
Protective Equipment
SPEED
House Keeping
Finished Design
Description
Followed the steps accordingly/ Less 1 point for
every missed procedure.
Used tools/ materials in right task/ Less 1 point for
every misused.
Used PPE during the whole activity/ Less 1 point for
every forgotten instances
Finished within the time/ Less 1 point for every five
minutes delay
The workplace is clean before, during and after the
activity/ Less 1 point for every dirt observed
Neat and presentable output and / Less 1 point for
every unusual marks at the output
Descriptive Grade
Excellent
Very good
Good
75-80
70-74
Fair
Poor
Students Signature______________________
Date
______________
Teachers Signature______________________
Date
________________
1.2 Insert the drill bit 1mm diameter in size and attach it to
the chuck of the unit.
1.3 Turn the precision screwdriver clockwise to tighten the jaw
of the unit. Be sure that the drill bit is well secured on the
chuck.
1.4 Before inserting the 12 volts adaptor, you should turn off
the unit.
1.5 Test the rotation of the unit if it is well aligned. If not, align it
following steps no. 1 and 2.
2. How to Use a Mini Drill
To control the unit, hold the mini drill at the lower part and
firmly position your arm. Then with the mini drill held
perpendicularly to your work surface, lightly press downward to the
holes to be drilled in the PCB but be sure that the PCB has a piece of
wood under it to avoid damaging the table. With practice, you will be
able to get the procedure correctly.
53
3. Boring Procedure
1. Mark where the holes are to be drilled. This is to ensure proper
location of holes for the components terminal. Carefully mark
the holes to be drilled with a pointed object.
SELF-CHECK 1.3
BORING ETCHED PCB OF AC/DC POWER SUPPLY
Directions: Rate yourself on how competent you have applied the skill in
Boring etched PCB using the criteria below by checking on the
appropriate box (points 1 to 5, 5 being the highest). Compute for the
rating by dividing each item by 5, multiply by 100. Average the rating of
the six criteria to get the final rating.
Criteria
Workmanship
Use of Tools
Use of Personal Protective Equipment
SPEED
House Keeping
Finished Design
Total
54
Points
3
2
Rating
Criteria
Description
Workmanship
Use of Tools
Use of Personal
Protective Equipment
SPEED
House Keeping
Finished Design
Descriptive Grade
Excellent
Very good
Good
75-80
70-74
Fair
Poor
Students Signature______________________
Date
______________
Teachers Signature______________________
Date
________________
55
V. PRE/DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT
I. Directions: Enumerate the materials and components being asked in each
number.
1. Electronic components in the PCB of unregulated power
supply.(3pts)
2. Parts of unregulated power supply mounted in the chassis.(7pts)
56
57
SELF-CHECK 2.1
AUXILIARY AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS OF
POWER SUPPLY
I. Directions: Identify the parts of AC-DC Power Supply as numbered (1-10).
Write the answer on your answer sheet.
58
Tools andEquipment
- Soldering tools
- Pliers
59
Procedures:
1. Prepare all the materials/resources needed.
2. Clean the terminals of the components to be soldered and the copper
side of PCB.
3. Mount/ insert the terminals of the components in the PCB. Observe
proper connection and polarity in mounting and double check with
the design made.
4. With the proper mounting of components, solder the components
accordingly.
Note: Active components must be mounted last and observe extra care.
Working area set with tools, instrument and materials needed in mounting and
soldering components of ac-dc power supply.
Mounting of components
60
SELF-CHECK 2.1
Mounting and Soldering Components of AC-DC Power Supply
Project
Directions: Rate yourself on how competent you have applied the skill in
PCB Etching using the criteria below by checking on the appropriate
box (points 1 to 5, 5 being the highest). Compute for the rating by
dividing each item by 5, multiply by 100. Average the rating of the six
criteria to get the final rating.
Criteria
Points
3
2
Rating
Workmanship
Use of Tools
Use of Personal Protective Equipment
SPEED
House Keeping
Finished Design
Total
Criteria
Workmanship
Use of Tools
Use of Personal
Protective Equipment
SPEED
House Keeping
Finished Design
Description
Followed the steps accordingly/ Less 1 point for every
missed procedure.
Used tools/ materials in right task/ Less 1 point for
every misused.
Used PPE during the whole activity/ Less 1 point for
every forgotten instances
Finished within the time/ Less 1 point for every five
minutes delay
The workplace is clean before, during and after the
activity/ Less 1 point for every dirt observed
Neat and presentable output and / Less 1 point for
every unusual marks at the output
61
Descriptive Grade
Excellent
Very good
Good
75-80
70-74
Fair
Poor
Students Signature______________________
Date
______________
Teachers Signature______________________
Date
________________
SCORE
combinations missing.
With three blocks or three symbols or three labels or any three
62
combinations missing.
With four blocks or four symbols or four labels or any four
combinations missing.
No drawing.
ORGANIZATION
Sequence and
Some ideas
Some signs
transition of
and sequence
of and/or
ideas was
may be
change of
effective.
improved.
ideas.
No idea or
unclear flow
of ideas.
Contained
Convincingly
DETAILS
interpreted.
some
appropriate
Too general.
details or
Inappropria
te/off topic
examples.
21-30. Performance Test. Perform Soldering and Desoldering.
CRITERIA
5
All solders are
Quality
Speed
One to three
For or more
smooth/shiny and
smooth/shiny and
on or before the
given time
time.
63
Unable to finish
the task.
QUARTER II
________________________________
I. INTRODUCTION:
This lesson contains learning activities in assembling and
disassembling power supply. For welfare of all, 5s and other safety
procedures are incorporated in the activities. Additionally, testing procedure
and proper documentation are specified in accordance with standard
operating procedure. There are forms to accomplish for proper
documentation. Safety practices are expected to be observed at all times.
Additionally, learning activities in inspection and testing of finished AC/DC
power supply are included. The student can review the previous Learning
Outcomes for reference purposes.
65
66
Mounting of Components
67
SELF-CHECK 3.1
INTERCONNECTING AUXILIARY COMPONENTS OF AC/DC POWER
SUPPLY
Directions: Rate yourself on how competent you have applied the skill in
Interconnecting Auxiliary Components of AD/DC Power Supply using
the rubrics below. Each criterion has indicators and corresponding
points that will guide you in rating your performance. Add the rating to
get your total score.
Criteria
Rating
Workmanship
Accuracy
SPEED
House Keeping
Total
Students Signature______________________
Date
______________
Teachers Signature______________________
Date
________________
SCORING RUBRICS
CRITERIA
SCORE
Workmanship 45 points
Proper tools were used according to their function; PPE and OHS
were observed while working.
Proper tools were used according to their function; PPE were
observed but some OHS were ignored
Proper tools were used according to their function; PPE were not
observed and some OHS were ignored
Tools were not used properly; PPE and OHS were observed
Some tools were not used properly; some PPE and OHS were ignored
Accuracy 45 points
Auxiliary components and PCB were mounted properly; Wires were
arranged accordingly; Indicator light (AC and DC) function; Output voltage
are achieved.
Auxiliary components and PCB were mounted properly; Wires were
arranged accordingly; Indicator light (AC and DC) function; Output voltage
are not in order.
Auxiliary components and PCB were mounted properly; Wires were
arranged accordingly; Indicator light (AC and DC) malfunction; Output
voltage are not achieved.
Auxiliary components and PCB were mounted properly; Wires were not
arranged accordingly; Indicator light (AC and DC) malfunction; Output
voltage are not achieved.
Auxiliary components and PCB were not mounted properly; Wires were not
arranged accordingly; Indicator light (AC and DC) malfunction; Output
voltage are not achieved.
68
45
40
35
25
15
45
40
30
25
15
Auxiliary components and PCB were not mounted properly; Wires were not
arranged accordingly; Indicator light (AC and DC) malfunction; Output
voltage are not achieved.
Speed 5 points
Finished task before time frame
Finished task 15 minutes after the time frame
Finished task 30 minutes after the time frame
Finished task 31 minutes and more
Housekeeping 5 points
The whole area was cleaned before and after the assembly
The whole area was cleaned before the assembly but dirty after
The whole area was dirty at the start but cleaned after
The area was dirty before and after the assembly process
TOTAL
10
5
4
3
2
5
4
3
1
100%
Rating System
Score
95- 100
80 - 94
75 79
74 and below
Descriptive Grade
Outstanding
Very Satisfactory
Satisfactory
Needs Improvement
5S
5s is a set of techniques used in the industry that could provide
standard approach to good housekeeping within the school compound. In
industry, this can increase production, improves quality, reduces costs,
maximize and value the time, improves safety and morale to which could
also happen to school. Practicing 5s could make the school more conducive
place of learning and improves character of students as well.
Components of 5s
SORT : Identify and separate necessary items from the unnecessary by:
Segregating useful from non-useful items; Recycling items; Disposing
properly non-useful items (bio-degradable or non-biodegradable)
Procedures:
STEP 1: Look around your workplace with your colleagues. Discover
and identify items which are unnecessary to your work. Start with
a RED TAG CAMPAIGN. Decide the maximum number of any type
of item to be retained. Then dispose ALL unnecessary items.
STEP 2: A Disposal Notice with a date can be done to an item that
you cannot decide if it is necessary or not, and set the item aside.
After a period of time, check if no one needed the item. If no one
needed the item, disposal can be done.
Supplemental multimedia online resource:
Youtube:5S Sort
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=063muGMJ3ME&list=PLF5F14A2C245E70EB
Date obtained: October 9, 2013
SYSTEMATIZE: Neat placement and identification of needed items by:
Studying the use of items and the frequency of their use; Considering
space or location for storing the things needed to be kept and to be
disposed; Making safety the priority.
Procedures:
STEP 1: Make sure that all unnecessary items are eliminated from your
workplace. Then think of what things should be put where, taking
into account the flow of your work.
STEP 2: Put most frequently needed items close to the user, so as to
minimize the movement of the person. Things which are not so often
used could be placed slightly further away.
You can make a plan with your colleagues based on these principles and
locate things accordingly.
70
STEP 3
Make sure that everyone at your home/workplace knows what are kept
were for efficient use.
Make a list of things with their locations and put it on lockers/cabinets.
Label each drawer/cupboard to show what is kept inside.
Supplemental multimedia online resource:
Youtube:5S Set in Order
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6H_OZJH8LT4&list=PLF5F14A2C245E70EB
Date obtained: October 9, 2013
You are spending more of your waking time in school than at home.
Your school is an important place where you acquire knowledge and
skills needed in life.
school. (This activity can be applied for a daily routinary activity and
teacher will rate each group prior to the principle of 5s).Your group will be
rated using the assessment checklist 4.1.
Resources:
5s principles
Activity sheet (Student write-up)
Designated area for each group
SELF-CHECK 4.1
5s
Directions: Rate yourself on how competent you have applied the skill in 5s
using the criteria below by checking on the appropriate box (points 1 to
5, 5 being the highest). Compute for the rating by dividing each item by
5, multiply by 100. Average the rating of the five criteria to get the final
rating. A deduction of 1 for everything missed.
Criteria
Sorting
Systematize
Sanitize
Speed
Workmanship
Description
Rating
3 2
Students Signature______________________
Date
______________
Teachers Signature______________________
Date
________________
Rating System
Score in Percent
95% - 100%
80% - 94%
75% - 79%
74% and below
Descriptive Grade
Outstanding
Very Satisfactory
Satisfactory
Needs Improvement
73
74
Position
DC
AC
Secondary
Primary
1
2
3
4
5
0v
0v
0v
0v
0v
0v
Setting range
Measured Voltage
50 V DC
to
to
to
to
to
to
3v
4.5v
6v
9v
12v
220v
50 V AC
220 V AC
SELF-CHECK 4.2
TESTING THE FINISHED AC-DC POWER SUPPLY
Directions: Rate yourself on how competent you have applied the skill in
testing the finished AC-DC power supply using the criteria below by
checking on the appropriate box (points 1 to 5, 5 being the highest).
Compute for the rating by multiplying the score by the corresponding
percentage of every criterion. Add the four ratings to get the final
rating.
Criteria
Total
45
45
5
5
100
Workmanship
Accuracy
SPEED
House Keeping
Score
3 2
Rating
Students Signature______________________
Date
______________
Teachers Signature______________________
Date
________________
75
SCORING RUBRICS
CRITERIA
Workmanship 45%
SCORE
Rating System
Score in Percent
95% - 100%
80% - 94%
75% - 79%
74% and below
Descriptive Grade
Outstanding
Very Satisfactory
Satisfactory
Needs Improvement
76
5
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
5
4
3
2
78
5
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
1
10
Content Standard
Performance Standard
The
learner
demonstrates
understanding of the concepts in
maintaining and repairing appliances
with motor and with heating element:
1. blender
2. electric fan
The
learner
independently
maintains and repairs appliances
with motor and with heating
element:
1. blender
2. electric fan
QUARTER III
_______________________________
I. INTRODUCTION:
This module consists of four (4) learning outcomes that will lead you in
maintaining and repairing electronically-controlled domestic appliance
(blender and electric fan). Each learning outcome contains information and
learning activities supported by self-check. Before you perform the
instructions, read the information sheets and answer the self-check and
activities provided to ascertain to yourself and your teacher that you have
acquired the knowledge necessary to perform the skill portion of the
particular learning outcome. Procedure in pre-testing ElectronicallyControlled Electric Fan (ECEF) and Blender are included to address the
requirements to complete the lesson.
79
A. Manual control
C. Remote control
B. Power controller
D. Timer
of an electric fan.
A. Filter capacitor
C. Starting capacitor
B. Blocking capacitor
D. Coupling capacitor
9. It is a part of the blender where the container rests upon which contains
a motor for turning the blade assembly and has controls on its surface.
A. Base
B. Lid
C. Jar
D. Power cord
10. It is an electronic switching circuit driven by a command by
80
Name
Actual Picture
Soldering tools:
Soldering iron
Soldering lead
Desoldering tool
Soldering stand
Screwdriver
Flat head
Philip
Pliers
Diagonal cutting pliers
Long nose pliers
Wire stripper
Utility knife
PPE
EDS wrist strap
Mask
Apron
Non-static brush
Cable tie
81
Combination wrench
Adjustable plier
82
83
85
SELF-CHECK 1.2
PARTS OF ELECTRIC FAN
Directions: Identify the parts/block of electronically-controlled
electric fan indicated by number. Write your answer in your answer
sheet. Do not write anything in this module.
I. Stand Fan
86
Parts of a blender
88
Parts of a Blender
(Philips Domestic Appliances-Blender HR 1754)
Part
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Part
No.
8
9
10
11
12
13
30
Part Name
Panel
Drive Coupling
Safety Switch
Housing
3-Speed Switch
Flex
Motor Cushion
89
Part Name
Motor
Bottom
Stud
Safety Lid
Jar Lid
Jar Assembly
Fruit/ Soybean Filter
90
Source: Philips Domestic Appliances and Personal Care/ Blender/ Service Manual
91
92
ACTIVITY 1.1
RECEIVING ELECTRONICALLY-CONTROLLED DOMESTIC
APPLIANCE FOR MAINTAIN/ REPAIR
Directions: Provided with the defective Domestic Appliance (1 electric fan/ 1
blender), use maintain and repair FORM to gather and document the
information about the appliance at hand. Follow the procedures below:
Resources:
Domestic appliance: Electric Fan or Blender
(preferably electronically-controlled)
Maintain and repair form
1. Conduct an initial interview to the owner of the appliance.
* Ask what the problem is.
* Request for the details of the problem (how does it happen/
since when/ nature of the problem)
2. As serviceman, you must realize the problem/ complain.
3. Make an initial inspection/ testing of the appliance.
*Physical appearance
*Operating controls
*Power cord
4. Formulate initial diagnosis regarding the problem.
5. Take note of the information gathered and observed.
6. Impart the diagnosis to the owner.
7. Accomplish Maintain and Repair form.
Maintain and Repair Form
Customers name: ________________________________________________________
Address:__________________________________________________________________
Product/ Brand name:____________________________________________________
Serial no:_________________________________________________________________
Complain:________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Condition/ Remarks: _____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Comments/ initial diagnosis:______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Customers Signature: ____________________________________________________
Student technician signature:______________________________________________
Date: _______________________
93
YES
NO
5 Yes Remarks
Excellent
4 Yes Remarks
Very Satisfactory
3 Yes Remarks
Satisfactory
Needs Improvement
Students Signature______________________
Date: ______________
Teachers Signature______________________
Date: ______________
94
V. PRE/DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT
I. Read statement below and give possible problem/ defect it can cause.
Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.
1. Defective rotor (end bents).
2. Inadequate lubricant with accumulated dirt.
3. Loose guard mark screw and worn out shaft washers.
4. Defective switch or electronic system control.
5. Defective stator.
6. It is necessary in testing on board components.
7. There is a foreign material between cutter and base assembly.
8. Continuous operation of the blender.
9. Lid gasket not properly set.
10. Too much ingredients.
95
CHECKS TO BE MADE
3. Slow rotation
4. Noisy operation
SYSTEM DEFECTS/FAULTS
Defective rotor
Defective rotor and end
bent
Defective motor
Defective rotor
Poor lubrication
Loosen spinner
97
5. No oscillation or
unsteady oscillation
6. Imperfect oscillation
(clutch lever system)
7. Unsteady oscillation
98
8. Unsteady or
imperfect vertical
movement
thrust
A. Check for a clogging of free stop
bushing.
Misaligned bushing
B. Electrical faults
PROBLEM/SYMPTOMS
1. Doesnt rotate
CHECKS TO BE
MADE
A. Check for an open
stator.
B. Check for an open
AC cord or wiring.
C. Check for an open
AC line fuse.
D. Check for an open
thermal cut-off (inside
the motor).
E. Check for an open
speed selector switch.
F. Check for a
defective system
control.
A. Check for a shorted
capacitor.
B. Check for an open
start winding.
SYSTEM
DEFECTS/FAULTS
Defective stator
Defective wiring/AC cord
Defective fuse
Defective thermal cut-off
Defective
switch/electronic system
control
Defective module(system
control)
Defective capacitor
Defective stator
POSSIBLE FAULTS
Bent shaft
Rotation
Doesnt
Rotate
Open switch
Shaft is seized
Open stator
Open AC cord or wiring
Rotation
Starts to
rotate only
by manual
CORRESPONDING
REMEDIES
Replace the motor
assembly.
Replace the switch.
Replace rotor and end bell.
Replace the motor
assembly.
Repair or replace the
defective component.
Repair the lead wire to
winding or replace stator.
Replace the capacitor.
turning of
the shaft.
Rotation
Rotation is
Slow
Bent shaft
Oil and dirt buildup
Lack of oil
Worn bearing
Loose guard mark
Noise
Noisy
Oscillation
No
oscillation or
unsteady
oscillation
Non-oscillation
Automatic oscillation
system
Imperfect
Automatic oscillation
system
oscillation
(clutch lever
system)
Automatic oscillation
system
Unsteady
oscillation
position
Loose outer-wire set screw
Scratch
Dirt
BLENDER
Possible Cause
Is the jar set properly?
Is circuit breaker
protection active?
-Too much ingredients.
-Hard ingredients.
-Unit makes too much
sound or vibration.
Is the lid gasket set?
101
Remedy
Turn the jar until it
stops.
Push the lid down
completely
Plug-in properly.
Remove all the
ingredients once and
put them back in the
jar.
Follow the instruction
for circuit breaker
protection.
CAUSE
1. Overload (with
solids or highly
viscous
ingredient)
Motor Overheats
Motor is
continuously
operated for more
than thirty
minutes.
INSPECTION
Check the
smoothness of the
motor shaft by
rotating with hand.
Circuit breaker
does not work
and motor
burns.
Circuit breaker
failure.
Motor burnt.
Using multimeter,
check continuity.
Using multimeter
check Resistance as
below
a) black to red -20
b) black to blue- 22
c. Black to Yellow24
Circuit breaker
does not restore
Circuit breaker is
open
Check continuity
with multimeter
Blade is not
rotating.
Visual
Visual
Visual
102
REMEDY
Refer to
operating
instruction.
Explain to
customer that
mixer should
be operated
only for thirty
minutes.
Replace
circuit
breaker
Replace the
motor
Replace the
circuit
breaker.
Replace upper
connector
Replace lower
connector
Clean the
cutter base
assembly
SELF-CHECK 2.1
Procedure and Techniques in Troubleshooting an ElectronicallyControlled Domestic Appliance ECEF/ Blender
Directions: On a separate sheet paper, state the problem/ symptoms of the
fault/ defects given in each number.
1. Defective rotor or end bents.
2. Inadequate lubricant with accumulated dirt.
3. Loose guard mark screw and worn out shaft washers.
4. Defective switch or electronic system control.
5. Defective stator.
6. Broken rod set pin.
7. Jar not properly set.
8. Too much or hard ingredients.
9. Lid gasket not properly set.
10. Upper worn out connector.
11-15: State at least five troubleshooting guide.
104
Documentation 2.1
Maintain and Repair Form
Customers name: ________________________________________________________
Address: __________________________________________________________________
Product/ Brand name: ____________________________________________________
Serial no: _________________________________________________________________
Complain: ________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Condition/ Remarks: _____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Comments/ initial diagnosis: ______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Customers Signature: ____________________________________________________
Student technician signature: _____________________________________________
Date: _______________________
Teachers Initial:___________________
Note: Copy the given format below on a sheet of paper and fill up with necessary
information.
SELF-CHECK 2.1
PRE-TESTING ELECTRONICALLY-CONTROLLED ELECTRIC FAN
Directions: Read the questions and answer by checking the appropriate box.
Did you:
YES
6 Yes Remarks
Excellent
5 Yes Remarks
Very Satisfactory
4 Yes Remarks
Satisfactory
Students Signature______________________
Teachers Signature______________________
105
Date: ______________
Date: ______________
NO
Direction: Provided with the resources, perform the procedure in pretesting a blender. Provide a work report/write-up after completing the
task. Accomplish the table after the activity.
Proper Handling/ Pre-testing a Blender
Before using any other accessory, make sure that the power unit is
turned off and placed on a suitable work surface. Put the protective cover
over the drive that you will not be using.
1. Before using the blender for the first time, wash the blender bowl;
cover funnel, blade assembly, and gasket in warm soapy water.
After washing, rinse well and dry them.
2. To assemble the blender, press the gasket into the recess in the
blade assembly base.
3. Then, insert the blade assembly into the blender bowl from
underneath.
Using the lid as a wrench, tighten the blade
assembly into place. The blade assembly must be tightened firmly
to the bowl/jar to prevent leakage.
4. Turn the blender on the high-speed (upper) drive and turn to the
left (counter-clockwise) to lock the blender.
NOTE: Assembling procedure may vary or may be different from various
models of a blender. If the given procedure does not fit with the one at hand,
refer to owners manual or service manual if available.
106
Documentation 2.1
Maintain and Repair Form
Customers name: ________________________________________________________
Address: __________________________________________________________________
Product/ Brand name: ____________________________________________________
Serial no: _________________________________________________________________
Complain: ________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Condition/ Remarks: _____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Comments/ initial diagnosis: ______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Customers Signature: ____________________________________________________
Student technician signature: _____________________________________________
Date: _______________________
Teachers Initial:___________________
Note: Copy the given format below on a sheet of paper and fill up with necessary
information.
SELF-CHECK 2.2
PRE-TESTING Blender
Directions: Read the questions and answer by checking the appropriate box.
Did you:
YES
6 Yes Remarks
Excellent
5 Yes Remarks
Very Satisfactory
4 Yes Remarks
Satisfactory
Students Signature______________________
Teachers Signature______________________
107
Date: ______________
Date: ______________
NO
CRITERIA
10 Complete blocks and with labels.
8 With only one block p or label missing
6 With two blocks or two labels or any two combinations
missing.
4 With three blocks or three labels or any three combinations
missing.
2 With four blocks or four labels or any four combinations
missing.
0 No drawing.
III. Direction. Explain the procedures in accepting electronically
controlled appliances and gathering information 16-25 (10pts).
CRITERIA
10 Sequence and transition of ideas was highly effective.
7 Some ideas and sequence may be improved to be highly
effective.
5 Some signs of and/or ubrupt change of ideas.
3 Very little or unclear flow of ideas.
0 No idea.
IV. Direction. Perform pre-testing of electronically controlled electric
fan by following the checklist 26-30 (5pts).
108
CHECKLIST
Did you:
YES
CRITERIA
5 Accomplished all the tasks.
3 Accomplished at least 3-4 tasks.
1 Accomplished at least 1-3 tasks.
0 Did not accomplish any task.
109
NO