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1.
Reading the draftmark of the ship, which consist of six (6) points of draftmarks, i.e.; Fore, Midship, and After at both sides of
the ship,
2.
3.
Sampling and testing the sea water or dock water density at the place where the vessel floats,
Determining of deductible weights by measuring and sounding of ballast tanks, fuel oil, fresh water that existing onboard at the
time of survey,
4.
Use the small boat to go around the ship and get as near as possible to the draft mark for best viewing. The surveyor should be read all
above marks clearly, because reading the draftmark is the first and most essential process. I am not saying that other processses is not
essensial, but this process is hard to do and involves many rules of conduct to gain the correctness and accuracy of Draft Survey itself (I
will post it later). The draftmark read is recorded on the surveyor notebook, do not try to remember it or write down in your palm hand. Its
useless and un-professional.
Sampling and testing the sea water or dock water density
After reading the draftmark, directly engage with the sampling of sea water or river water around the ships dock. Why? Because the
ship draft will not be the same at different water densities (at the lower density means the ship more sink and at the higher density means
the ship more float). Where as the water density is subject to changes which follow with water tide that carrying different water salinity
and temperature on to the ship dock. The sea water density is indeed at density 1.025 and the fresh water at density 1.000. To determine
the density of water, we need the instrument named Hydrometer or Density Meter. Inserted the Hygrometer on to the water sample on
the Sampling Can or Tube, then we could check the scale pointed on the surface of the sampling water. Records the water dock density
as survey data.
Determining of deductible weights by measuring and sounding
Deductible Weight could measure by sounding the tanks which used the Sounding Tape or gauging the tank level by visual
inspection. Any deductible weight such as Ballast Water, Fresh Water, Fuel and Diesel Oil, and Bilges is notify to check. Records all in
the survey book includes with the density for Ballast and Bilges, and for Oil complete it with density and temperature . The Fresh Water
was at density 1.000.
View the Sounding Pipe:
Raw Draft Calculation; Fore Mean or Fm = (FP+FS)/2, Mid Mean or Mm = (MP+MS)/2, and Fore Mean or Am = (AP+AS)/2.
while Apparent Trim or AT = Am Fm. the Apparent Trim is the Trim that visually find.
Draftmark posision and correction to perpendicular. As the ship draftmark is not placed at the perpendicular, the Fore and
After draft should be corrected with distance from the draftmark to perpendicular. The correction rules is: if the Trim by Stern, the Fore
correction should be minus and After correction plus, and if the Trim by Head (stem), the Fore correction should be plus and After
correction minus. The Midship correction is parallel with the fore correction with the same pattern. Some Hydrostatic table provided with
these correction result. But if not the reference pattern is for Fore Correction or Fc = (Fd x AT) : LBM and After Correction or Ac = (Ad x
AT) / LBM. Where Fd = Fore distance to perpendicular, Ad = After distance to perpendicular, and LBM = Length Between Mark or Length
between Fore and After draftmarks or LBM = LBP (Fd + Ad).
True Draft Calculation / Draft Corrected; Fore draft corrected or Fcd = Fm + Fc, Mid draft corrected or Mcd = Mm + Mc,
and After draft corrected or Acd = Am + Ac.
True Trim or TT : Actual Ship Trim after draft corrected or TT = Acd Fcd.
Fore and After Mean Draft or FAm = (Fcd + Acd)/2, Mean of Mean Draft or MM = (FAm + Mcd)/2, and Mean of Mean of Mean
Draft or MMM or Quarter Mean = (MM + Mcd)/2.
The above calculation is similar with : MMM = {(Fcd x 1) + (Acd x 1) + (Mcd x 6)}/8.
Coresponding to the MMM or Quarter Mean result, the surveyor could check the value of needed parameters on Hysdrostatic
table like; Displacement, TPC, LCF, and MTC. Records them accurately.
First Trim Correction or FTc = (TT x LCF x TPC x 100) / LBP. Could be plus or minus depend on LCF.
Second Trim Correction STc = (TT x TT x MTC x 50) / LBP. The result always plus (+).
Density Correction or Denc = DispT x {(Aden 1.025) / 1.025}. where the Aden is Actual Density that surveyor has taken
sampling and testing previously. The density correction commonly in minus (-), due to the Actual Density is usually lower than 1.025
(fresh sea water). In case of at some port where the water salinity is high, the density correction could be plus (+).
And we have got the Displacement corrected by Density or DispDenc = DispT + Denc. (after corrected by density we will get
the actual ship weight as per shown by Draft Survey)
Deductible Calculation. The same as draft, the deductible also need to corresponding to the table that named Tank Table /
Tank Capacity Table. Refer to the sounding records that done before, the surveyor could be calculate the total deductbile existing
onboard. Total Deductible or Deduct = Ballast Water + Fresh Water + Bilges + Fuel Oil + Diesel Oil, this total should be minus to the
Displacement corected by Density.