CHAPTER 3

Matthew 5:16 - In the same way, let your light shine before others, that they may see
your good deeds and glorify your Father in heaven.
Genesis 2:18 - The Lord God said, It is not good for the man to be alone. I will make a
helper suitable for him.
Genesis 2:24 - That is why a man leaves his father and mother and is united to his
wife, and they become one flesh.
Matthew 19:4-6 -- 4Havent you read, he replied, that at the beginning the Creator
made them male and female, 5 & said, For this reason a man will leave his father &
mother & be united to his wife, & the two will become one flesh? 6 So they are no
longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no 1 separate.
Genesis 24:7-9 -- 7 The Lord, the God of heaven, who brought me out of my fathers
household and my native land and who spoke to me and promised me on oath, saying,
To your offspring[a] I will give this landhe will send his angel before you so that you
can get a wife for my son from there. 8 If the woman is unwilling to come back with you,
then you will be released from this oath of mine. Only do not take my son back there.
9 So the servant put his hand under the thigh of his master Abraham and swore an oath
to him concerning this matter.
Hebrews 13:4 - Marriage should be honored by all, and the marriage bed kept pure, for
God will judge the adulterer and all the sexually immoral.
Ecclesiastes 9:9 - Enjoy life with your wife, whom you love, all the days of this
meaningless life that God has given you under the sunall your meaningless days. For
this is your lot in life and in your toilsome labor under the sun.
1 Corinthians 7:6-8 -- 6 I say this as a concession, not as a command. 7 I wish that all
of you were as I am. But each of you has your own gift from God; 1 has this gift,
another has that. 8 Now to the unmarried & the widows I say: It is good for them to stay
unmarried, as I do.
Genesis 24:4 - but will go to my country and my own relatives and get a wife for my son Isaac.
Matthew 10:37 - Anyone who loves their father or mother more than me is not worthy
of me; anyone who loves their son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me.
Deuteronomy 6:4-9 -- 4 Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one. 5 Love the
Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength.
6 These commandments that I give you today are to be on your hearts. 7 Impress them
on your children. Talk about them when you sit at home and when you walk along the road,
when you lie down and when you get up. 8 Tie them as symbols on your hands and bind them
on your foreheads. 9 Write them on the doorframes of your houses and on your gates.

Ephesians 5:22-24 -- 22 Wives, submit yourselves to your own husbands as you do to

the Lord. 23 For the husband is the head of the wife as Christ is the head of the church,
his body, of which he is the Savior. 24 Now as the church submits to Christ, so also
wives should submit to their husbands in everything.
Ephesians 5:25-28 -- 25 Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church
and gave himself up for her 26 to make her holy, cleansing[a] her by the washing with
water through the word, 27 and to present her to himself as a radiant church, without stain or
wrinkle or any other blemish, but holy and blameless. 28 In this same way, husbands ought to
love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself.

Ephesians 6:1-3 -- 1 Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. 2 Honor
your father and motherwhich is the first commandment with a promise 3 so that it
may go well with you and that you may enjoy long life on the earth.
1 Corinthians 10:31 - So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the
glory of God.
Matthew 28:18-20 -- 18 Then Jesus came to them and said, All authority in heaven
and on earth has been given to me. 19 Therefore go and make disciples of all nations,
baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, 20 and
teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you
always, to the very end of the age.
Colossians 3:23 - Whatever you do, work at it with all your heart, as working for the
Lord, not for human masters,
Romans 12:1 (A Living Sacrifice) -- Therefore, I urge you, brothers and sisters, in
view of Gods mercy, to offer your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and pleasing to God
this is your true and proper worship.
Exodus 20:8-10 -- 8 Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. 9 Six days you
shall labor and do all your work, 10 but the seventh day is a sabbath to the Lord your
God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your
male or female servant, nor your animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns.
2 Thessalonians 3:10 - For even when we were with you, we gave you this rule: The
one who is unwilling to work shall not eat.
2 Thessalonians 3:7-9 -- 7 For you yourselves know how you ought to follow our
example. We were not idle when we were with you, 8 nor did we eat anyones food
without paying for it. On the contrary, we worked night and day, laboring and toiling so
that we would not be a burden to any of you. 9 We did this, not because we do not have
the right to such help, but in order to offer ourselves as a model for you to imitate.
Colossians 3:17 - And whatever you do, whether in word or deed, do it all in the name
of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through him.
Proverbs 11:2 - When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom.
Ephesians 4:29 - Do not let any unwholesome talk come out of your mouths, but only what is
helpful for building others up according to their needs, that it may benefit those who listen.

Proverbs 10:4 - Lazy hands make for poverty, but diligent hands bring wealth.
Proverbs 2:7 - He holds success in store for the upright, he is a shield to those whose
walk is blameless,
Proverbs 29:25 - Fear of man will prove to be a snare, but whoever trusts in the Lord is
kept safe.
CHAPTER 4
Acts 10:38 - how God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and power, and
how he went around doing good and healing all who were under the power of the devil,
because God was with him.
John 16:13- But when he, the Spirit of truth, comes, he will guide you into all the truth.
He will not speak on his own; he will speak only what he hears, and he will tell you what
is yet to come.
John 8:44 - You belong to your father, the devil, and you want to carry out your fathers
desires. He was a murderer from the beginning, not holding to the truth, for there is no truth in
him. When he lies, he speaks his native language, for he is a liar and the father of lies.

John 15:26 (The Work of the Holy Spirit) - When the Advocate comes, whom I will
send to you from the Fatherthe Spirit of truth who goes out from the Fatherhe will
testify about me.

John 13:2 - The evening meal was in progress, and the devil had already prompted
Judas, the son of Simon Iscariot, to betray Jesus.
John 20:22-23 -- 22 And with that he breathed on them and said, Receive the Holy
Spirit. 23 If you forgive anyones sins, their sins are forgiven; if you do not forgive them,
they are not forgiven.
1 John 3:8 - The one who does what is sinful is of the devil, because the devil has
been sinning from the beginning. The reason the Son of God appeared was to destroy
the devils work.
Romans 14:17 - For the kingdom of God is not a matter of eating and drinking, but of
righteousness, peace and joy in the Holy Spirit,
1 Timothy 4:1-2 -- 1The Spirit clearly says that in later times some will abandon the
faith and follow deceiving spirits and things taught by demons. 2 Such teachings come
through hypocritical liars, whose consciences have been seared as with a hot iron.
Ephesians 4:13-16 --13 until we all reach unity in the faith and in the knowledge of the Son
of God and become mature, attaining to the whole measure of the fullness of Christ.

14 Then we will no longer be infants, tossed back and forth by the waves, and blown
here and there by every wind of teaching and by the cunning and craftiness of people in
their deceitful scheming. 15 Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will grow to become
in every respect the mature body of him who is the head, that is, Christ. 16 From him the
whole body, joined and held together by every supporting ligament, grows and builds itself

2 Corinthians 4:3-4 --3 And even if our gospel is veiled, it is veiled to those who are
perishing. 4 The god of this age has blinded the minds of unbelievers, so that they
cannot see the light of the gospel that displays the glory of Christ, who is the image of
God up in love, as each part does its work.
2 Corinthians 10:4-5 -- 4 The weapons we fight with are not the weapons of the world.
On the contrary, they have divine power to demolish strongholds. 5 We demolish
arguments and every pretension that sets itself up against the knowledge of God, and
we take captive every thought to make it obedient to Christ.
Proverbs 23:7 - for he is the kind of person who is always thinking about the cost. Eat
and drink, he says to you, but his heart is not with you.
Jeremiah 17:9 -The heart is deceitful above all things & beyond cure.Who can understand it?
Proverbs 4:23- Above all else, guard your heart, for everything you do flows from it.
Psalm 141:3 - Set a guard over my mouth, Lord; keep watch over the door of my lips.
James 3:1-12 (Taming the Tongue) -1 Not many of you should become teachers, my
fellow believers, because you know that we who teach will be judged more strictly.
2 We all stumble in many ways. Anyone who is never at fault in what they say is
perfect, able to keep their whole body in check.
3 When we put bits into the mouths of horses to make them obey us, we can turn the
whole animal. 4 Or take ships as an example. Although they are so large and are driven
by strong winds, they are steered by a very small rudder wherever the pilot wants to go.
5 Likewise, the tongue is a small part of the body, but it makes great boasts. Consider
what a great forest is set on fire by a small spark. 6 The tongue also is a fire, a world of
evil among the parts of the body. It corrupts the whole body, sets the whole course of
ones life on fire, and is itself set on fire by hell. 7 All kinds of animals, birds, reptiles and
sea creatures are being tamed and have been tamed by mankind, 8 but no human being can
tame the tongue. It is a restless evil, full of deadly poison.

9 With the tongue we praise our Lord and Father, and with it we curse human beings,
who have been made in Gods likeness. 10 Out of the same mouth come praise and
cursing. My brothers and sisters, this should not be. 11 Can both fresh water and salt
water flow from the same spring? 12 My brothers and sisters, can a fig tree bear olives,
or a grapevine bear figs? Neither can a salt spring produce fresh water.
Romans 12:2 - Do not conform to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the
renewing of your mind. Then you will be able to test and approve what Gods will is
his good, pleasing and perfect will.
Ephesians 4:22-24 -- 22 You were taught, with regard to your former way of life, to put
off your old self, which is being corrupted by its deceitful desires; 23 to be made new in
the attitude of your minds; 24 and to put on the new self, created to be like God in true
righteousness and holiness.
Romans 8:17 - Now if we are children, then we are heirsheirs of God and co-heirs with
Christ, if indeed we share in his sufferings in order that we may also share in his glory.

Jude 18-20 -- 18 They said to you, In the last times there will be scoffers who will
follow their own ungodly desires. 19 These are the people who divide you, who follow
mere natural instincts and do not have the Spirit.
20 But you, dear friends, by building yourselves up in your most holy faith and praying
in the Holy Spirit,
2 Chronicles 16:9 - For the eyes of the Lord range throughout the earth to strengthen
those whose hearts are fully committed to him. You have done a foolish thing, and from
now on you will be at war.
Colossians 1:29 - To this end I strenuously contend with all the energy Christ so
powerfully works in me.
Psalm 23:1- The Lord is my shepherd, I lack nothing.
Ephesians 6:18-19 -- 18 And pray in the Spirit on all occasions with all kinds of prayers
and requests. With this in mind, be alert and always keep on praying for all the Lords
people. 19 Pray also for me, that whenever I speak, words may be given me so that I
will fearlessly make known the mystery of the gospel,
1 John 5:4- for everyone born of God overcomes the world. This is the victory that has
overcome the world, even our faith.
2 Corinthians 2:11 - in order that Satan might not outwit us. For we are not unaware of
his schemes.
Colossians 1:20 - and through him to reconcile to himself all things, whether things on
earth or things in heaven, by making peace through his blood, shed on the cross.
1 Thessalonians 5:17- pray continually,
Ephesians 6:11-17 -- 11 Put on the full armor of God, so that you can take your stand
against the devils schemes. 12 For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but
against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this dark world and
against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms. 13 Therefore put on the full
armor of God, so that when the day of evil comes, you may be able to stand your
ground, and after you have done everything, to stand. 14 Stand firm then, with the belt
of truth buckled around your waist, with the breastplate of righteousness in place,
15 and with your feet fitted with the readiness that comes from the gospel of peace.
16 In addition to all this, take up the shield of faith, with which you can extinguish all the
flaming arrows of the evil one. 17 Take the helmet of salvation and the sword of the
Spirit, which is the word of God.
Ephesians 5:16-17 -- 16 making the most of every opportunity, because the days are
evil. 17 Therefore do not be foolish, but understand what the Lords will is.

AmendmentsAnadditionorchangewithinthelinesoftheoriginalconstitutionas
willeffectanimprovement,orbettercarryoutthepurposeforwhichitwasframed;
achangethatadds,reducesordeleteswithoutalteringthebasicprinciplesinvolved;
affectsonlythespecificprovisionbeingamended.[Lambinov.COMELEC]

governmentsLocalgovernments,asanimmemorialpractice,maybeallowedto
legislateonpurelylocalmatters.[SeeRubiv.ProvincialBoard(1919),citedin
Belgica,supra.SeealsoConst.,Art.IX,Sec.9,explicitlymentioninglegislative
bodiesoflocalgovernments;andSec.20providingforthecoverageoflegislative
powersdelegatedtoautonomousregionsviathelattersorganicacts.]

RevisionsAchangethataltersabasicprincipleintheconstitution,likealtering
theprincipleofseparationofpowersorthesystemofchecksandbalances;alters
thesubstantialentiretyoftheconstitution,aswhenthechangeaffectssubstantial
provisionsoftheconstitution.[Id.]

(2)ConstitutionallygraftedExceptions(a)Emergencypowerdelegatedtothe
ExecutiveduringStateofWarorNationalEmergency[Const.,art.VI,sec.23(2)]
(b)CertaintaxingpowersofthePresident[Const.,art.VI,sec.28(2)].TheCongress
mayauthorizethePresidenttofix,withinspecifiedlimits,andsubjecttosuch
limitationsandrestrictionsasitmayimpose,tariffrates,importandexportquotas,
tonnageandwharfagedues,andotherdutiesorimpostswithintheframeworkof
thenationaldevelopmentprogramoftheGovernment.

DifferenceRevisiongenerallyaffectsseveralprovisionsoftheconstitution,while
amendmentgenerallyaffectsonlythespecificprovisionbeingamended[Id.]This
distinctionissignificantbecausethe1987Constitutionallowspeoplesinitiative
onlyforthepurposeofamending,notrevising,theConstitution.

(3)Theextentreservedtothepeoplebytheprovisiononinitiativeandreferendum
[Const.Art.VI,Sec.1]
N.B.SubordinatelegislationmadebyadministrativeagenciesTheprincipleof
nondelegabilityshouldnotbeconfusedwiththedelegatedrulemakingauthority
ofimplementingagencies.[Belgica,supra]Strictlyspeaking,whatisdelegateisnot
lawmakingpower,butrulemakingpower,limitedto(a)fillingupthedetailsof
thelawor(b)ascertainingfactstobringthelawintoactualoperation.

D.SEPARATIONOFPOWERS
ThegovernmentestablishedbytheConstitutionfollowsfundamentallythetheory
ofseparationofpowersintothelegislative,theexecutiveandthejudicial[Angara
v.ElectoralCommission,G.R.No.45081.July15,1936].

Traditional/SimplifiedFormulation:Whomayexerciselegislativepowers:

SeparationofpowersisnotexpresslyprovidedforintheConstitution.Butit
obtainsfromactualdivision[foundinSec.1ofArticlesVI,VII,andVIII].Each
departmenthasexclusivecognizanceofmatterswithinitsjurisdiction,andis
supreme

Gen.Rule:Congressonly
Exceptions:(1)Delegatedpowertolocalgovernments(2)Delegatedemergency
powersofthepresident(3)Delegatedtaxingpowersofthepresident(4)Subordinate
legislationofadministrativeagencies(5)Powerreservedtopeopleforinitiativeand
referendum

withinitsownsphere.[Angarav.ElectoralCommission,supra]
Separationofpowersisfoundedonthebeliefthat,byestablishingequilibrium
amongthethreepowerholders,harmonywillresult,powerwillnotbeconcentrated
andthustyrannywillbeavoided[Bernas].

F.2.TESTSFORVALIDDELEGATION
RuleThereisavaliddelegationoflegislativepowerwhen:(1)Completenesstest
Thelawsetsforththe

Theseparationofpowersisafundamentalprincipleinoursystemofgovernment.
Anysystemthatisviolativeofthisprincipleisunconstitutionalandvoid.[See
Belgicav.Ochoa,G.R.No.208566,Nov.19,2013,ontheunconstitutionalityof
thePDAF]

policytobeexecuted,carriedout,orimplementedbythedelegate(Abakada,
supra),suchthatthereisnothingleftforthedelegatetodobuttoenforcethelaw
[Pelaezv.AuditorGeneral(1965)];AND

ThePorkBarrelSystemviolatestheseparationofpowersbecauseitisaformof
postenactmentauthorityintheimplementationorenforcementofthebudget.
.

(1)Bygivingindividuallegislatorsthe(a)powertodetermineprojectsafterthe
GeneralAppropriationsAct(GAA)ispassed,and,(b)throughcongressional
committees,authorityintheareasoffundreleaseandrealignment,thesystem
encroachesontheExecutivespowertoimplementthelaw.

(2)Furthermore,identificationofaprojectbyalegislatorbeingamandatory
requirementbeforehisPDAFcanbetappedasasourceoffunds,hisactbecomes
indispensableintheentirebudgetexecutionprocess.[Belgica,supra]

(2)SufficientstandardtestThestandardissufficientifitdefineslegislative
policy,marksitslimits,mapsoutitsboundariesandspecifiesthepublicagencyto
applyit.Itindicatesthecircumstancesunderwhichthelegislativecommandisto
beeffected.[Eduv.Ericta,35SCRA481(1970)]
N.B.:Actswhicharepurelylegislativeincharactercannotbedelegatedtoan
administrativebody(incontrasttotheascertainmentoffactsorthefilinginof
detailswhichcanbedelegatedtoadministrativeagencies).
BLENDINGOFPOWERS

E.CHECKSANDBALANCES
Itdoesnotfollowfromthefactthatthethreepowersaretobekeptseparateand
distinctthattheConstitutionintendedthemtobeabsolutelyunrestrainedand
independentofeachother.TheConstitutionhasprovidedforanelaboratesystemof
checksandbalancestosecurecoordinationintheworkingsofthevarious
departmentsofthegovernment.[Angarav.ElectoralCommission]

RULEOFNONDELEGATIONOFLEGISLATIVEPOWERPrinciple:Delegata
potestasnonpotestdelegariWhathasbeendelegatedcannolongerbedelegated.
Rationale:Sincethepowersofthegovernmenthavebeendelegatedtothembythe
people,whopossessoriginalsovereignty,thesepowerscannotbefurtherdelegated
bythedifferentgovernmentdepartmentstosomeotherbranchorinstrumentalityof
thegovernment.
GeneralRule:OnlyCongress(asabody)mayexerciselegislativepower
Exceptions:(1)Delegatedlegislativepowertolocal

CHECKSANDBALANCES

Sharingofthepowers

Checkingofthepowers

Ex:PoweroverthecreationoftheGeneral
AppropriationsLawissharedbythe
Executive(whenitproposesthebudget)and Ex:Powerincreatinglawsisinthe
theLegislature(whenitenactsthebudgetinto LegislaturebuttheExecutivecanvetothe
sameasacheck
law)