The English language, specifically on account of the grammar,

is probably the easiest language to learn in the world due to its

simplicity.
There are only five ways to communicate:
1.- Commands
2.- Simple Tenses
3.- Modal auxiliaries
4.- Progressive tenses
5.- Perfect tenses
COMMANDS
A command is an order, and it invariably consists of a simple
verb.
There are only four kinds of commands.
Examples:
Work
Don't work
Let's work
Let's don't work
The word don't is the one we must use in order to deny
simple verbs. Do + not.
Do is the structure, and not is the negation.
Structure is the part of the sentence with which we deny and
make questions.
Golden rule no.1: All simple verbs are denied with don't.

A simple verb is a naked verb, with no modifications, no

conjugations, no prefixes and/or suffixes, as opposed to
infinitive verbs, which use the preposition to. Therefore, a
simple verb is a command.
Notice that do is also an auxiliary, because it is only used with
simple verbs, whether to deny, ask or emphasize an
affirmation, as in:
please, DO come, or
I DO want to learn English.
SIMPLE TENSES
The simple tenses are only two: present and past, and they are
primarily characterized by the absence of structure when
making affirmations, for example:
I need to learn English.
I studied hard.
In the present tense, regardless of the verb, there is always a
slight modification -the addition of an s- to the conjugation in
he, she and it:
I go to school three times a week.
You know Allison.
He wants to be an astronaut.
She plays tennis professionally.
It rains very much in Seattle.
We design furniture for a living.

They take the red eye to N.Y. every week.

Now, in order to deny these statements, we need an auxiliary
and, once we use it, the verb has to be in simple form. This
represents no problem with I, you, we and they
because they are already simple and we should merely apply
don't to these statements to make them negative. But, as for
he, she and it, we have to take the modification and add
it to the auxiliary so that the verb will remain simple. In other
words, we alter the auxiliary and let the verb return to its
primitive form:

I don't fancy a cup of coffee.

You don't speak Swedish.
He doesn't pay taxes.
She doesn't like seafood.
It doesn't matter.
We don't dine out often.
They don't have an alibi.
Golden rule no.2: All modified verbs are denied with doesn't.
PAST TENSE
Fortunately, in past tense, there are no modifications in the
structure. Let's see:

I left my keys at home.

You got the message.
He applied for a job at google.
She moved to Montreal a month ago.
It snowed copiously.
We saw the rainbow.
They invested a fortune.

Now, obviously, if we want to deny these statements we need

an auxiliary, and that means leaving the verb in its primitive
state. So we take the past tense and apply it to the structure,
so as to leave the verb, again, naked:
I didn't do my homework.
You didn't mortgage your home.
He didn't fly to Frisco.
She didn't read the morning paper.
It didn't work.
We didn't back down.
They didn't sell their company.
I take it for granted you can see that what changes is the tense
of the structure/auxiliary.
By now, you've learnt three different ways of saying no: don't
for simple, doesn't for modified and didn't for past.

AND THAT'S ALL THERE'S TO IT.

MODAL AUXILIARIES
Modals tend to specify characteristics of verbs and shouldn't be
confused with verbs. They are, essentially, structures and,
therefore, every time we use them, we will employ simple
(naked) verbs.
Modals are classified as follows:
can
could
ought to
should
had better
must
shall
may
might
will
would

can and could are ABILITY MODALS, they serve the purpose of
specifying what all conceivable entities are capable of doing,
be it actual or potentially.
Example:
I can play guitar.
I could learn to play guitar.
In order to deny these statements, we need only add not to
the auxiliary and apply a contraction:
I can't play guitar because I broke my arm.
He couldn't play guitar with a cast on his arm.
And, in order to make a question, we need only trade places
with subject and auxiliary.
Can she play guitar?
Could you come here for a moment, please?
As you can see, modals are not subject to conjugation,
modification or alteration of any sort. That's why we will not
see them as verbs.
Ought to, should, better had, must and shall are modals of
liability and they are named in order of consequence.
We use ought to to make suggestions, as in we ought to
learn English to further our chances of advancement.

We use should to give advice, as in we should never

underestimate the advantages of acquiring a fine education.
We use had better, or better had, to convey warnings, as in
you better had keep up with technological breakthroughs so
as to not be rendered digitally challenged
We use must to express our social and/or moral obligations
(duties), as in you must never forget to leave a decent tip for
those who wait on you with kindness.
And we use shall to express obligations regarding legal and
religious behaviour, as in you shall honour your Mother and
your Father
Now, MAY and MIGHT are modals of possibility, but they should
not be used indistinctly. We use may to express possibilities of
fact, and might to express possibilities of deed.
The difference between facts and deeds lies in the power of
will. If something happens without one's intervention and is
completely beyond one's control, then it's clearly a fact.
For example: It may rain tonight.
No one person can influence weather so as to make rain. And
people, of course, don't rain either. I don't rain, she doesn't
rain, etcetera.
We use might to express a possibility in which we DO have
some influence or could affect the outcome of a given situation.

For instance: If I try my best, I might win the race.

We use WILL to express intention or to speak in the future
tense, and we use WOULD to express ideal situations or past
events characterised by repetition or tradition, as in things we
used to do.
Here are some of the most recurrent cases.
I'll see you tomorrow.
Won't you come out and play?
Would you like a cup of coffee?
When we were very young, father would take us out on
vacation at least twice a year.
BE