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Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
:
in l
10
in s
100
in l/min
6
V in l
t in s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
195
138
105
78
72
58
77
in l/s
0.00103
0.00145
0.00190
0.00256
0.00278
0.00345
0.00519
w in m/s
0.145
0.205
0.269
0.363
0.393
0.488
0.735
Re
435
615
808
1088
1179
1463
2205
0.143
0.107
0.083
0.057
0.058
0.051
0.042
0.147
0.104
0.079
0.059
0.054
0.044
0.029
Cross-Section of Pipe
Kinematic Viscosity
Length of Pipe
Diameter of Pipe
Acceleration d.t.Gravity
Density of Water
A=
=
l=
d=
g=
=
0.000007069
0.000001
0.4
0.003
9.81
998
m
m/s
m
m
m/s
kg/m
V in l
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
t in s
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
67
46
35
33
28
25
22
in l/s
0.00597
0.00870
0.01143
0.01212
0.01429
0.01600
0.01818
w in m/s
0.845
1.230
1.617
1.715
2.021
2.263
2.572
Re
2534
3690
4850
5144
6063
6790
7716
0.042
0.040
0.035
0.041
0.037
0.035
0.032
0.045
0.041
0.038
0.037
0.036
0.035
0.034
Cross-Section of Pipe
Kinematic Viscosity
Length of Pipe
Diameter of Pipe
Acceleration d.t.Gravity
Density of Water
theoretical
0.125
turbule nt flow
A=
=
l=
d=
g=
=
0.000007069
0.000001
0.4
0.003
9.81
998
m
m/s
m
m
m/s
kg/m
turbule nt flow
theoretical
0.125
Lambda
0.100
0.075
measured
0.050
0.025
0.000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
Re
5000
6000
7000
8000
Calibration Curve
2.5
p [bar]
1.5
0.5
0.5
1.5
m [k g]
2.5
0.5
1.5
m [k g]
2.5
0
0.385
0.578
1.152
1.726
2.3
2.874
0
0.334
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
V - profile Weir
ho
90
h1
z
b
z = ho + h1 - h
z = ho + h1 - h
with
= 0,63
g = 9,81m/s
ho=const=4,7cm
h1 =const=5,0cm
and
ho=const=4,7cm
h1=const=6,0cm
V in litre
8.60
8.05
7.20
6.00
5.50
[l/s]
0.1075
0.2273
0.4545
0.7692
1.0000
measured
t in s
10
10
10
10
10
z in cm
93
44
22
13
10
th
h in cm
1.10
1.65
2.50
3.70
4.20
V in litre
8.50
7.50
6.90
6.00
5.50
[l/s]
0.1087
0.2941
0.4545
0.7143
0.9091
measured
t in s
10
10
10
10
10
z in cm
92
34
22
14
11
th
2.20
3.20
3.80
4.70
5.20
h [cm]
10
9
8
V - Pro f ile We ir
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0.1
0. 2
0.3
0. 4
0.5
0.6
0. 7
0.8
0. 9
Pth
[l/s]
i
c
t
u
r
e
5
.
.
.
Please
insert
measured
values into
the white
cells!
800 rpm
t in s
10
10
10
10
10
30.0
33.3
36.0
49.2
57.2
in l/h
1200
1081
1000
732
629
1100 rpm
20.2
23.5
26.5
32.0
37.0
in l/h
1782
1532
1358
1125
973
1400 rpm
t in s
10
10
10
10
10
t in s
10
10
10
10
10
15.8
18.1
20.0
21.5
22.7
in l/h
2278
1989
1800
1674
1586
P r e s s u r e d if f e r e n c e P u m p in b a r
Sing le
2.00
1.80
1.60
1.40
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
Pu mp Ch aracte r istic Cu rv e s
1100 rpm
1400 rpm
800 rpm
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Flow in l/h
800 rpm
4
1100 rpm
3.5
3
1400 rpm
2.5
2
800 rpm
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
500
1000
Flow in l/h
1500
2000
2500
1.80
1.60
1.40
1.20
1400 rpm
800 rpm
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
Flow in l/h
Pump efficiency
H = Pump Head in m
= 998 kg/m
g = 9,81 m/s
= 0,92
H in m
2.2
7.0
9.9
13.6
17.5
Pin in W
180.0
240.0
270.0
357.5
390.0
Motor
1100 rpm
I in A
V in litres
t in s
3
4
4.5
5.5
6
10
10
10
10
10
Pout in W
10.7
29.2
36.6
41.6
46.3
in %
5.45
11.18
12.46
10.71
10.92
20.2
23.5
26.5
32.0
37.0
in l/h
1782
1532
1358
1125
973
s<100mm
s>100mm
lD
lD
C
D
Equations
50 mm
Equations
= 998 kg/m
g = 9,81 m/s
with b = 75 mm
FG in N
l in mm
3
FG in N
s in mm
14.0
86
FD in N
with b = 75 mm
2.72
l in mm
s in mm
208.0
120
161.9
FD in N
5.14
s < sh
s > sh
sh
sh
s
st
st
cos
Equations
FG in N
1
Equations
l in mm
s in mm
st in mm
270.6
80
20
lD in mm
176.9
* 50 mm
FD in N
1.53
FG in N
5.5
l in mm
s in mm
st in mm
230.0
234
50
s
st
lD
FD
Equations
FG in N
3
lD in mm
FD in N
l in mm
s in mm
st in mm
257.0
270
200
150.0
5.14
zm
xs
x in cm
z in cm
8
xs in cm
in
6
16
zS in cm
0.44
zm in cm
6.3 1.463582206
in cm/
0.0275
[mm WC]
[m/s]
[1]
Constants
Measuring Point
1
2
3
4
5
6
A in m
0.000633
0.000397
0.000154
0.000232
0.000460
0.000633
wref
1
1.59
4.11
2.72
1.37
1
g = 9,81 m/s
Measuring Point
1
2
3
4
5
6
t for 10 l water in s
36.3
36.3
36.3
36.3
36.3
36.3
w measured in m/s
Measuring Point
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.420
0.626
1.826
1.321
0.852
0.657
h total in mm WC h stat in mm WC
in l/s
0.275
0.275
0.275
0.275
0.275
0.275
w calc in m/s
0.434
0.691
1.786
1.182
0.595
0.434
369
369
370
364
359
352
280
269
120
195
242
250
h dyn in m WC
9
20
170
89
37
22
w in m/s
1.400
1.200
1.000
0.800
0.600
0.400
0.200
0.000
3
Measuring Points
h in mm WC
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1
3
Measuring Points
V in liter
t in s
10
in l/s
36.3
0.275
h1 in mm WC
h3 in mm WC
280
120
in bar
0.016
K in
2.18
w2
w2
w1
w1
Plate
ANozzle
Hemisphere
998 kg/m
ANozzle
0.0000787 m
w1 in m/s
Fth in N
in l/s
0.198
2.52
0.286
3.63
0.414
5.26
0.482
6.12
0.741
9.42
F in N
0.50
1.04
2.17
2.95
6.96
0.5
1
2
3
7
=
=
998 kg/m
0.0000787 m
w1 in m/s
Fth in N
in l/s
0.163
2.07
0.209
2.66
0.281
3.57
0.358
4.55
0.476
6.05
F in N
0.67
1.11
2.00
3.25
5.75
0.5
1
2
3
6
HM 150.09
Orifice and Jet (horizontal discharge of water jet)
y-Position in m
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.050
0.100
calculate d
0.150
0.200
m eas ured
x-Position in m
0.60
Constants:
Pipe
Pipe length
Inner diam.
Cross-Sect.
Roughness k
Acceleration d. t. Gravity
t for 10 l in s
132
85
57
40
31
25
20
in l/min
4.55
7.06
10.53
15.00
19.35
24.00
30.00
0.8
0.017
0.000227
0.001
9.81
m
m
m
mm
m/s
w in m/s
0.334
0.518
0.773
1.101
1.421
1.762
2.203
h losscalc in m
Re
5651
8776
13087
18650
24064
29839
37299
look at table
0.036
0.033
0.030
0.027
0.025
0.024
0.023
0.010
0.021
0.042
0.079
0.123
0.179
0.265
h loss meas in m
0.010
0.020
0.040
0.080
0.120
0.160
0.250
5.00
10.00
15.00
Flow in l/min
20.00
25.00
30.00
Coefficients of Resistance
di in mm
17
l in mm
t for 10 l in s h loss in m
203
22
0.345
Bend 90
di = 17 mm
l = 203 mm
k = 0,001 mm
in l/min
27.3
w in m/s
2.00
Elbow 90
di = 17 mm
l = 322 mm
k = 0,001 mm
Re
33865
Knee 90
di = 17 mm
l = 247 mm
k = 0,001 mm
0.023
1.41
Slanted-Seat Valve
Flow in l/min
No.of Turns
0
1/2
3/4
1
1 1/4
1 1/2
1 3/4
2
2 1/2
3
4
5
10
37
in l/min
0.0
10.0
17.1
19.4
21.6
23.1
24.2
25.0
27.3
30.0
31.6
33.3
33.3
in l/min
0.0
4.5
9.7
16.7
22.2
25.0
26.9
28.9
33.3
35.3
36.4
36.4
36.4
40.0
Slee ve-type
35.0
Flow in l/min
30.0
Slanted-Se at
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
6
Number of turns
10
12
HM 150.12
Orifice Discharge (vertical discharge of water jet)
dOrifice in mm
12
12
12
dWater Jet in mm
9.80
10.20
10.90
0.667
0.723
0.825
hstat in mm
250
305
404
hpitot in mm
249
303
401
wtheoretical in m/s
2.215
2.446
2.815
0.998
0.997
0.996
0.667
0.723
0.825
0.998
0.997
0.996
0.666
0.720
0.822
V in litre
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
t in s
3600
1800
900
450
225
112
100
90
56
28
Variable-Area Flowmeter
in l/h
Venturi Meter
in l/h
40
80
160
320
640
1286
1440
1600
2571
5143
in mm WC
38
78
155
316
635
1284
1438
1600
1600
1600
2
4
7
14
27
54
60
67
107
214
48
96
168
336
648
1296
1440
1608
2568
5136
Nozzle
Orifice
in l/h
in mm WC
2
4
7
14
28
56
62
69
111
223
in l/h
46.2
92.4
161.7
323.4
646.8
1293.6
1432.2
1593.9
2564.1
5151.3
in mm WC
2
3
6
11
22
44
49
55
88
176
in l/h
58.6
87.9
175.8
322.3
644.6
1289.2
1435.7
1611.5
2578.4
5156.8
Reference [l/h] Var.-area Flowm.[%] Venturi Meter [%] Orifice [%] Nozzle [%]
40
5.00
20.00
15.50
46.50
80
2.50
20.00
15.50
9.87
160
3.13
5.00
1.06
9.87
320
1.25
5.00
1.06
0.72
640
0.78
1.25
1.06
0.72
1286
0.13
0.80
0.61
0.27
1440
0.14
0.00
0.54
0.30
1600
0.00
0.50
0.38
0.72
2571
0.13
0.29
0.27
5143
0.13
0.16
0.27
with constant k = v * r
and g = 9,81 m/s
height h in mm radius r in mm
145
80
140
55
135
30
130
22
125
19
120
16
115
14
110
13
105
12
100
10
95
9
90
9
85
9
80
8
75
8
70
7
65
7
60
6
55
6
50
5
45
5
40
4
35
4
30
3
25
3
20
2
15
2
10
1
5
1
0
0
height h in mm radius r in mm
145
140
135
100
125
120
115
110
105
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
112
45
106
40
101
35
95
30
90
25
82
20
72
15
62
10
49
5
30
0
0
Shape of Vortex
height in mm
160
140
Fre e Vortex
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
Forced Vorte x
20
40
60
radius in mm
80
100
120
Equation:
m1*g*h1 = m2*g*h2
in kg/s
0.094
in kg/s
0.025
0.765
0.266
in kg/s
0.069
34.7656793214
Efficiency
8.1601 %
[m/s]
d = diameter of tube
[m]
t in s
1
60
look at
table
[m/s]
2114
Re > 2300 = turbulent flow
38
Speed n in rpm Force at Brake in N Head in bar Turbine Torque in Nm Output in W Input in W
Efficiency in %
1600
0.00
0.130
0.000
0.00
8.23
0.00
1500
0.10
0.120
0.003
0.39
7.60
5.17
1400
0.25
0.110
0.006
0.92
6.97
13.15
1300
0.30
0.100
0.008
1.02
6.33
16.12
1200
0.55
0.090
0.014
1.73
5.70
30.31
1100
0.80
0.090
0.020
2.30
5.70
40.42
1000
0.90
0.080
0.023
2.36
5.07
46.50
900
1.00
0.080
0.025
2.36
5.07
46.50
800
1.15
0.080
0.029
2.41
5.07
47.54
700
1.30
0.080
0.033
2.38
5.07
47.02
600
1.40
0.090
0.035
2.20
5.70
38.58
500
1.45
0.100
0.036
1.90
6.33
29.97
400
1.55
0.100
0.039
1.62
6.33
25.63
300
1.65
0.110
0.041
1.30
6.97
18.60
200
1.70
0.110
0.043
0.89
6.97
12.78
100
1.75
0.120
0.044
0.46
7.60
6.03
0
1.75
0.130
0.044
0.00
8.23
0.00
Please insert measured values here !
Efficie ncy in %
45
40
35
30
Output in 10-1 W
25
20
15
10
Torque in 10-2 Nm
5
0
200
400
600
800
1000
speed in rpm
1200
1400
1600
1800
Please
insert
measured
values
O u tp u t i n W
5.00
31,6 l/m in
4.00
3.00
18,8 l/m in
2.00
1.00
0.00
11,5 l/m in
100
200
300
400
500
s peed in rpm
11,5 l/min
11,5 l/min
600
700
800
900
38
Speed n in rpm
Brake Force in N
1600
0.00
1500
0.10
1400
0.25
1300
0.30
1200
0.55
1100
0.80
1000
0.90
900
1.00
800
1.15
700
1.30
600
1.40
500
1.45
400
1.55
300
1.65
200
1.70
100
1.75
0
1.75
Head in bar
Turbine Torque in Nm
0.130
0.000
0.120
0.003
0.110
0.006
0.100
0.008
0.090
0.014
0.090
0.020
0.080
0.023
0.080
0.025
0.080
0.029
0.080
0.033
0.090
0.035
0.100
0.036
0.100
0.039
0.110
0.041
0.110
0.043
0.120
0.044
0.130
0.044
Please
insert
measured
Output in W
0.00
0.39
0.92
1.02
1.73
2.30
2.36
2.36
2.41
2.38
2.20
1.90
1.62
1.30
0.89
0.46
0.00
Input in W
Efficiency in %
8.23
0.00
7.60
5.17
6.97
13.15
6.33
16.12
5.70
30.31
5.70
40.42
5.07
46.50
5.07
46.50
5.07
47.54
5.07
47.02
5.70
38.58
6.33
29.97
6.33
25.63
6.97
18.60
6.97
12.78
7.60
6.03
8.23
0.00
50
45
Efficie ncy in %
40
35
30
Output in 10-1 W
25
20
15
10
Torque in 10-2 Nm
5
0
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
speed in rpm
values here !
Vane position
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Speed in rpm
Brake Force in N
0.40
0.65
0.85
0.90
1.05
1.10
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.30
1.35
1.40
1.35
1.30
1.25
1.20
1.15
1.10
insert
actual
Please
insert
measured
speed
of
turbine
here!
here!
1000 rpm
2.50
750 rpm
850 rpm
2.00
Output in W
Please
1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00
10
Vane Position
15
20
1800
Flow in ltr/min
9.81
8.33
7.34
6.35
4.84
4.44
4.19
4.00
3.33
2.61
10.6
Measurement Point
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
300
Pressure loss in mm WC
250
200
150
100
50
0
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
Flow in l/min
8.00
10.00
12.00
0.400
1
Pipe Elbow
2
3
Reducer
Enlarger
0.420
5
Rounded Elbow 90
6
7
Bend 90 tight
Pressure in bar
0.520
0.500
0.480
8
Spherical valve
Bend 90 large
0.460
0.440
9
10
Measuring
Points
11
Colour Code:
Cell for insertion of measured values. These cells are used for ExcelCalculations, so please insert the values with the dimension you find
in the yellow cell.
Description of Parameter (e.g. for Flow) with dimension (e.g. l/min).
Cell giving out a calculated result. These cells are protected,
values cannot be inserted.
Starting Page
The starting page contains buttons, which enable the user to get to the topic he wants to deal with.
Here is a short description, what is behind the buttons:
Topics
Shows the principle of volumetric flow measurement. The actual flow is calculated
from inserted data.
Shows the calibration curve of a 2,5 bar Bourdon type manometer. The
manometer is calibrated with weights.
Determination of flow over a notch by measured values and calculation from
equation for theoretical flow. Comparison between rectangular- profile weir and Vprofile weir.
The data for single pump characteristic curves has to be inserted into a table.
Generation of a diagram (HM 150.04). Showing tendencies for parallel and series
action of two similar pumps (HM 150.16). Determination of pump efficiency (HM
150.04).
Determination of hydrostatic pressure in a water-filled vessel. Determination of the
resultant force. Checking the results with equilibrium of moments.
Calculation and measurement of the force, that can be derived from the energy in a
vertical water jet.
Measurement of the trajectory of a horizontal water jet. The jet comes from a
nozzle on the side at the bottom of a water-filled vessel. Generation of a diagram
with measured values.
Generation of the shape of free and forced vortices in a diagram with measured
values.
Symbol
Name
angle
Unit
degree
efficiency
coefficient of friction
kinematic viscosity
m/s
density
kg/m
angular velocity
1/s
coefficient of resistance
cross section
Energy
Force
Volume
volumetric flow
Re
m
m/h, l/min, l/s
Reynolds Number
Output
Diameter
m/s
mm
wall roughness
mm
length
mass
kg
mass flow
kg/h
speed
min-1
pressure
Pa
pD
delivery pressure
Pa
pS
suction pressure
Pa
radius
time
v,w
velocity
s
m/s