ABSTRACT

The study deals with introduction of mustard

seeds its value chain analysis, its demand and
supply both in India and world and a brief
note on the future of this commodity.

SUBMITTED BY : GROUP 3
(ARCHANA,AYESHA TRIPATHI,ASHEESH
SINGH PATEL,BHASHKAR YADAV,DEOKAR
VISHWAJEET)
MUSTURD SEEDS

MUSTURD SEEDS
COMMODITY PROFILE

1|Page

INTRODUCTION
Mustard - Rapeseed group of oilseeds crops grow all over the world but their cultivation is mainly
confined to India, China, Canada, Germany, France, Australia, USA, etc. In India, the mustard rapeseed is the most important oil seed crop after groundnut accounting around 25% of total oilseed
production. It is one of the important oilseed crop of the Indo -Gangetic plains. These are grown in
diverse agro climatic conditions ranging from north-eastern / north western hills to down south under
irrigated/rainfed, timely/late sown, saline soils and mixed cropping. Biologically, the rapeseed and
mustard plants belongs to the family Cruciferae and under the genus Brassica with large number of
species and sub species cultivated in India. Being a member of Brassica genus, the rapeseed is closely
related with mustard. The word rape comes from the Latin word rapum, means turnip. On the
other hand, the word mustard is derived from Latin word mustum or must, which denotes
expressed juice of grapes and ardens means hot & burning. The mustard - rapeseed is a versatile
group of plants used in various ways historically. Since, mustard and rapeseed are closely related to
each other they share the same growing areas.

Botanical Name and Economic Uses of Mustard or Rape Seed

Local Name

Mohari, Tikkya, Rai, Serson

Family

Cruciferae

Botanical Name

Brassica juncea

Origin

Europe

India occupies the first position both in area and production of rape seed and mustard.

Economic Uses:
1. Rape seed and mustard give edible oil which is used as cooking medium in north India.
2. Seed is used as condiment in the preparation of vegetable and curries.
3. Split seed (Mohari dal) and oil is used for pickling.
4. The leaves of the young plants are used as vegetable.
5. Oil cake is fed to cattle.

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6. Oil content mustard varies from 30 to 48%.
7. Oil content of white mustard varies from 25 to 33%.

Types of Mustard
a) Rai (Indian Mustard)
1. Botanical name is Brassica juncea.
2. It is locally known as mohair or rai.
3. The plant is tall, erect and much branched.
4. Fruits are slender.
5. The seeds are small and reddish brown in colour.
6. In India about 70% area is under this type of mustard.
b) Sarson:
1. Botanical name is Brassica campestric.
2. The fruits are thicker than those of rai.
3. The seeds are yellow or brown.
4. The seed coat is thin.
c) Toria or rape seed:
1. Botanical name is Brassica napus.
2. Plants are more vigorous and hardy.
3. The seeds are reddish.
4. It is commonly found in Punjab.
d) Taramira of Seoba or tara:
1. Botanical name is Eruca sativa.
2. It is of African origin.
3. The stem is and covered with stiff hair solid .
4. The fruit are shorter and stout.
5. The seeds are in a double row in each compartment of the fruit.

Ecological Requirement and Land Preparation for Cultivation of Mustard or

Rape Seed

A) Climatic Requirement for Cultivation of Mustard or Rape Seed:

3|Page
1. Mustard can be grown from subtropical to temperate type of climate.
2. It grows well in cool and dry climate therefore mostly grown in rabi season.
3. The temperature requirement is between 100 to 250C.
4. It is grown in the areas receiving 625 to 1000 mm annual rainfall.
5. It requires clear weather free from frost.
B) Soil Requirement for Cultivation of Mustard or Rape Seed:
1. Mustard can be grown in various kinds of soils ranging from light to heavy loam soil.
2. Well drained medium to deep soils are most ideal.
C) Preparation of Land Requirement for Cultivation of Mustard or Rape
Seed:
1. One ploughing and two harrowing are given.
2. If grown as second crop than land is prepared by giving two crosswise harrowing immediately
after the harvest of kharif crop.
3. Land is cleaned off by collecting and destroying the stubbles.
4. Presoaking irrigation is applied and saras are prepared.
D) Sowing Time:
Musturd is sown in the months of September October.
E) Sowing Method:
1. As mixed crop either sown by broadcasting in the main crop or by drilling method.
2. As pure crop it is sown by drilling method.
3. As seed is small, it is should be sown by mixing with fine sand for uniform spacing.
4. The seed should be sown only upto 5 to 6 cm depth otherwise germination may be gappy.
5. If there is no sufficient moisture in the soil sowing should be done after presoaking irrigation.
F) Seed Rate:
1. As mixed crop
2. As pure crop

2 to 2.5 kg/ha.
4 to 6 kg/ha.

G) Seed Treatment:
Seeds are treated by thiram @ 3 gm/kg seed to protect crop form seed diseases.
H )Spacing:
45 x 15 cm.
I) Mixed Cropping:

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1. Mustard is grown as mixed crop with wheat, gram, lentil etc.
2. It is generally grown in strip or inter crop.
3. As inter crop 4 lines of gram and 1 line of mustard or 9 lines of wheat and 1 line of mustard are
sown.
J) Manuring:
1. 5 to 10 tons of FYM/ha is applied as the time of land preparation.
2. 30kg N and 20kg P2O5/ha is applied to rainfed crop at sowing time
3. 40 kg N, 30 kg P2O5 and 20 kg K2O/ha is drilled below the seed at the time of sowings in case of
irrigated corp.
4. 20kg N is given as top dressing after 30 days of sowing.
K) Irrigation:
1. First presoaking irrigations is given before sowing.
2. Three irrigations are applied at one month interval after sowing.
L) Inter-cultivation:
1. When sown as mixed crop then it receives the Inter-cultivation given to the main crop.
2. In pure crop thinning is done 15 days after sowing.
3. Two weeding and two hoeing are given at 15 days interval.
M) Harvesting:
1. The mustard matures in about 100 to 140 days and toria matures within 75 to 100 days.
2. Harvesting is carried out as soon as the pods begins to turn yellow and seed become hard.
3. Harvesting is done in the morning hours to avoid shattering of seed.
4. The crop is cut close to the ground with the help of sickle.
5. They are tied into bundles and stacked in sun for 4 to 5 days to dry.
6. Threshing is done by beating the plants with stick or mogri.
7. Winnowing is done to separate the grain form husk.

ANALYSE DEMAND AND SUPPLY OF MUSTERD IN INDIA

Overview of Demand and supply India is the worlds fourth largest edible oil economy with 15,000 oil mills, 689 solvent extraction
units, 251 Vanaspati plants and over 1,000 refineries employing more than one million people.
The total market size is at Rs. 600,000 Mln. and import export trade is worth Rs.130,000 Mln.
India being deficient in oils has to import 40% of its consumption requirements.
With an annual consumption of about 11 mln. Tonnes, the per capita consumption is at 11.50 kgs,
which is very low compared to world average of 20 kgs.

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Oilseed cultivation is undertaken across the country in two seasons, in about 26 million hectares;
mainly on marginal lands, dependent on monsoon rains (un-irrigated) and with low levels of input
usage.
Yields are rather low at less than one ton per hectare.
Three oilseeds - Groundnut, Soybean and Rapeseed/ Mustard - together account for over 80 per
cent of aggregate cultivated oilseeds output.
Mustard seed alone contributes Rs.120,000 Mln. turnover out of Rs.600,000 Mln. oilseed based
Sector domestic turnover.
Cottonseed, Copra and other oil-bearing material too contribute to domestic vegetable oil pool
Currently, India accounts for 7.0% of world oilseeds output; 7.0% of world oil meal production;
6.0% of world oil meal export; 6.0% of world veg. oil production; 14% of world veg. oil import; and
10 % of the world edible oil consumption
With steady growth in population and personal income, Indian per capita consumption of edible
oil has been growing steadily.
However, oilseeds output and in turn, vegetable oil production have been trailing consumption
growth, necessitating imports to meet supply shortfall.
The demand for edible oils is expected to increase from Oil Year 2004-05 levels of 10.9 Mln. tonnes
to 12.3 Mln. tonnes by 2006-07 (two years). This assumes a per capita consumption increase of 4%
and a population growth of 1.9% which translates to an overall growth in demand @ 6% p.a. Based
on the above assumptions, edible oil demand in the year 2015 is expected to be 21.3 million
tonnes.
Demand projection of edible oil2004

2010

2015

Total Demand (Mln. Tonnes)

10.9

15.6

21.3

Total Area under Oilseeds (Mln. Hectares)

23.4

28

32

Yield (Tonnes/hectare)

1.07

1.2

1.4

Production of Oilseeds (Mln. tonnes)

25.1

33.6

44.8

10.1

13.4

4.3

5.9

8.3

39.40%

38.10%

39.50%

Domestic supply of edible oils (Mln. tonnes)

Total edible oil imports - (Mln. tonnes)
Imports as share of demand

India will continue dependence on imports to the extent of 40% of its consumption
requirements. The improvement in yields and the increase in area under cultivation will ensure
that the domestic oilseed production is sufficient to meet 60% of consumption requirements.

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Production, supply and demand of mustard in India The estimates of the crop for the past season are expected to be around 55 Lakh metric tonnes, down 19%
from the earlier season. The drastic fall in numbers may be attributed to the untoward climatic conditions
that prevailed during the crop maturity and development. The ending stocks of the 2015 rabi season as it
comes to February 2016 is expected to be very low. The rapeseed/mustard seed balance sheet is provided
herewith:

2012-13
2013-14
Opening Stock
3
2.2
Production
66
68
Total Marketable 69
70.2
Stock
Retention for
2.8
2.8
Sowing
Domestic Crush
64
65
Quantity in
66.8
67.8
Demand
Ending Stock
2.2
2.4
Source: NB Research, Units: Lakh Metric Tonnes

2014-15(E)
2.4
55
57.4

2015-16 (F)
1.1
59
60.1

2.3

2.8

54
56.3

56
58.8

1.1

1.3

However, NBCR anticipates a better crop than the previous year but still expects the output to remain
below three year average. The fluctuations in daily mean temperature is likely to result in increase in aphid
population that may inflict damages to the crop. However, at present no such damages have been
reported.
The heavy influx of edible oil imports has destabilized the domestic market prices and the crush viability,
although they are necessary to bridge the widening demand-supply gap. Given below is the mustard oil
balance sheet:

Mustard oil balance sheet2012-13

2013-14

Opening Stock
0.25
0.42
Production
23.8
24.05
Imports
0.7
2.8
Total Marketable 24.75
27.27
Stock
Consumption
24.33
27.1
Ending Stock
0.42
0.17
Source: NB Research, Units: Lakh Metric Tonnes

2014-15(E)

2015-16 (F)

0.17
19.98
3
23.15

0.15
20.16
2.8
23.11

23
.015

23
0.11

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The average annual consumption of edible oils stands at 200 Lakh metric tonnes, which is evidently a
figure to worry about. NBCR estimates imports of rapeseed oil/canola oil to be consistent with the past
year figures or slightly lower at 2.8 Lakh metric tonnes.

Mustard production trend in India

Area

Production

Yield

1200

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

1150
1100

1050
1000
950
900
1

FUTURE OF MUSTURD IN INDIA

The demand for edible oil has been increasing day by day as the country needs to provide for the energy
requirement of the ever increasing population. The area under cultivation, on the other hand is dwindling
at an alarming rate, curbing the scope of expansion in terms of land. The only way to enhance the
productivity. Success stories of states such as Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Gujarat which have reached
high levels of yield should be replicated in regions which are less exploited and having high potential such
as Eastern Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal, Bihar, NE region, Jammu & Kashmir,
Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. Research and extension activities aimed at technology dissemination
should be tailor-made to meet the region specific demands of such potential areas to maximize the output.
Linkage and coordination with Stakeholders The progress of a Nation reflects its progress in science, and
science would only progress concerted efforts of its citizens and by collaborating with successful overseas
partners who can be potential stakeholders. For value addition, by-product utilization, augmenting
germplasm resources, genetic diversity mapping, development of molecular descriptors, developing
databases of plant diseases, insect pests and basic studies related to soil-water-nutrient relationships and
in the cropping systems. The potential stakeholders from India for possible linkages includes NIN,
Hyderabad, CFTRI, Mysore, ICAR institutes/ PD/NRC/AICRP for IPM, micro-nutrient, weed control,
pesticide residue, biological control, agricultural engineering (NBPGR, IASRI, IARI, PDWM, PDFSR, CRIDA,
etc.). The foreign stakeholders that can contribute towards the expansion of ICAR-DRMRs activities
include Institute of Nutrition Uppsala, Sweden; Rothamsted Research, UK; Univ. of Melbourne, Australia;
University of Queensland and University of Western Australia, Parth; CSIRO, Canberra, Australia; INRA,
France; Western Regional plant Introduction Station, Pullman, USA etc. One of the major issues requiring
immediate attention is the up scaling of variety/seed replacement ratio (VRR/SRR) of newly released
varieties/hybrids in coordination with the state/central department of 21 Vision 2050 agriculture. Recent
statistics indicates that the average SRR of the major rapeseed-mustard producing states such Haryana

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(72%), Rajasthan (60%), Gujarat (60%) and Uttar Pradesh (58%) is more than the National average (56%),
which prompts us to concentrate on the states with SRR lesser than National average such as Madhya
Pradesh (21%) and West Bengal (38%). Establishment of strong linkages for successful operation of Seed
Village Concept with producers, technocrats and certifying agencies for procurement and distribution can
enhance the availability of improved varieties seed in time. The bottom-line is the replacement of old
varieties with newer high yielding varieties having better adaptability for the changing climatic conditions.
Crop ecological zoning Crop ecological zoning is the ideal strategy for efficient crop production. Delineating
efficient zones for the rapeseed-mustard will help in realizing potential yields with limited efforts and
inputs. Public-private partnership The contribution of the private organizations in the development of
technologies is equally instrumental in the progress of the agricultural sector. This calls for the fruitful
partnership between public and private organizations, as there will be a collective utilization of resources
that leads to generation of technology and its effective dissemination. A lot of avenues are open for publicprivate partnerships which ICAR-DRMR should utilize to the maximum. Efforts should also be made to
minimize the hassles and to maintain a welcoming attitude in future Memoranda of Undertanding (MoU).
ICAR-DRMR has signed, MoUs for joint development of hybrids in Indian mustard as well as seed
production and marketing of technologies developed by ICAR-DRMR. Proactive department of Agriculture
There is also a need to bring transparency in the seed production chain, as a very large quantity of breeder
seed is indented every year without any feedback on the status of foundation/certified seeds given to the
research organization. Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India has several schemes to provide adequate and
timely dissemination of production technology through its countrywide network of State Extension
Services. The programme should be designed in a bottom up approach, so as to make it demand driven.
22 Indian Council of Agricultural Research Horizontal expansion of the crop Exploiting the full potential of
Rapeseed-mustard crop in nontraditional areas particularly in eatern India and areas following rice-wheat
system is a big challenge faced by ICAR-DRMR. Rice-fallow areas of West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Jharkhand,
North Eastern states and Chhattisgarh with an estimated area of 11.65 m ha can be utilized for growing
early maturing (90-110 days) mustard varieties. If all these states together adopt rapeseed-mustard
cultivation in at least 10% of the existing rice fallows with the available package, oilseed production could
increase by at least one million tonne. Non-traditional areas like Karnataka (Bijapur district), South
Rajasthan (Udaipur, Dungarpur and Baswara districts), Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh and Vidarbha
region of Maharashtra are ideal for horizontal expansion. With the development of early maturing (110115 days) mustard varieties, good possibilities exist to further increase the area to the extent of 2 lakh
hectares in Panch Mahal, Khaira, Dahod, Ahmedabad, Surat and Valsad regions of Gujarat. In the command
areas of north Gujarat, mustard could replace irrigated wheat, as wheat requires frequent irrigations which
aggravate the salinity problem. There is considerable scope to bring large areas under rapeseed-mustard
through intercropping with sugarcane (1:2), potato (3:1), chickpea (4 :1), wheat (9:1) and lentil (6:1) in the
UP, Punjab, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. Adaptation to climate change Climate change is going to be a
major concern in coming days. Along with spreading the awareness regarding precautions and
modifications in agricultural practices, varieties suited for better adaptation also needs to be developed.
As an initiative to counter the climate change, which in turn is the result of increasing green house gases
in the atmosphere including CO2, breeding of varieties with better adaptability in terms of CO2
assimilation and temperature tolerance, can be considered prospective. Virtually all components of the
farming system from planting-to-harvesting-to-selling needs modification to adjust to climate change.
Therefore, strengthening research for enhancing adaptive capacity of varieties, resource conservation
technologies, pest surveillance and development of mechanism for collection and dissemination of
weather, soil, water and agricultural data for improved assessment are important for successful adaptation
to climate change. In order to improve the efficiency of water application, technologies such as drip and

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sprinkler irrigation should be popularized which will 23 Vision 2050 result in better water productivity or
increased crop per drop ratio. Other measures intended at increasing productivity are zero-tillage
farming, improved drainage, utilization of best germplasm, optimizing fertilizer use and management of
biotic and abiotic stresses. Integrated economic approach to water resource management Agricultural
water productivity measures contribute towards closing the water gap, increasing crop per drop through
a mix of improved efficiency of water application and the net water gains through crop yield enhancement.
These include the familiar technologies of improved water application, such as increased drip and sprinkler
irrigation. The crop productivity measures includes, among others, no-till farming and improved drainage,
utilization of the best available germplasm optimizing fertilizer use, and application of crop stress
management, including both improved practices and varieties. Green revolution to gene revolution It is an
undeniable fact that, the food requirements of todays population of nearly 1.21 billion could not have
been met by the technologies of the 1940s. And it is more alarming that it would not be possible to support
the expected population of 1.68 billion in 2050. It is only possible through the blending of the gene
revolution in the green revolution so as to achieve the goal of evergreen revolution and also nutritional
revolution. The advantage of the gene revolution is that it has a relatively neutral scale that would benefit
big and small farmers alike in an environment friendly manner. Thus, it can be of great help to the small
and marginal rapeseed-mustard farmers with limited resources to increase productivity by availing
improved and powerful seed materials. ICAR-DRMR is bound to embrace the modern biotechnological
methods that offer unlimited opportunity for enhancing genetic potential of crops, management of biotic
and abiotic stresses, bio-remediation and organic recycling. Execution The overall programme will be
coordinated under the leadership of Director, ICAR-DRMR. The Director will be responsible for the national
and international network coordination and any other future collaborative project having specific
mandate. The basic and strategic research will be carried out at ICAR-DRMR, Bharatpur. The work relating
to location specific research programmes will be carried out under AICRP-RM or similar target oriented
network under the supervision of ICAR-DRMR. 24 Indian Council of Agricultural Research The technologies
developed will be disseminated with the help of developmental and extension agencies like Department
of Agriculture (both central and state), NGOs, Oilseed Growers Federations and using appropriate ITbased decision support systems.

FACTORS AFFECTING MUSTARD/RAPE SEED PRICES

Various supply-demand factors revolving around the global edible oil scenario.
The seasonal nature of the production.
Its high susceptibility to natural fallacies.
Wide consumption of its derivatives (oil and meal).
The nature of the existing supply.
Value chain Participants activities.
The present dependence on the other edible oils.
The ups and downs in production estimates declared by Govt., SEA, MOPA.
International prices of other oilseeds and oils.
The presence of a large unorganized crushing sector.
Stocks available at Exchange Warehouse.
Final Expiry date (FED) of the Stocks available at Exchange Warehouse.

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Supply and demand factors affecting of mustard markets

Weather and disease limiting supply

Growing demand from developing countries
Falling U.S. dollar
Biofuel production increases
Limited additional farmland in the short run
Restrictive export policies from some major exporters

Mustard Seed Trade Policy

Authority
Trading of Rapeseed-Mustard seed futures may be conducted under such terms and conditions as specified
in the Rules, Byelaws & Regulations and directions of the Exchange issued from time to time.
Unit of Trading
The unit of trading shall be 10 MT. Bids and offers may be accepted in lots of 10 MT or multiples thereof.
Months Traded In
Trading in Rapeseed-Mustard seed futures is applicable to all contracts and may be conducted in the
months as specified by the Exchange from time to time.
Tick Size
The tick size of the price of Rapeseed-Mustard seed shall be Re. 1
Basis Price
The basis price of Rapeseed-Mustard seed shall be Ex-warehouse Jaipur, exclusive of sales taxes/VAT.
Unit for Price Quotation
The unit of price quotation for Rapeseed-Mustard seed shall be in Rupees per Quintal. The basis for
Rapeseed-Mustard seed traded as Rapeseed-Mustard seed is Ex-warehouse Jaipur, exclusive of sales
taxes/VAT.
Hours of Trading
The hours of trading for futures in Rapeseed-Mustard seed shall be as follows:
Mondays through Fridays - 10 a.m. to 05.00 p.m.

Saturdays - 10 a.m. to 02.00 p.m.

Or as determined by the Exchange from time to time. All timings are as per Indian Standard Timings (IST)
Last Day of Trading
Last day of trading shall be 20th day of the delivery month, if 20th happens to be a holiday, Saturday, or a
Sunday then the due date shall be the immediately preceding trading day of the Exchange, which is other
than a Saturday.
Mark to Market
The outstanding positions in futures contract in Rapeseed-Mustard seed would be marked to market daily
based on the Daily Settlement Price (DSP) as determined by the Exchange.

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Position limits
The limits on open positions for aggregate as well as near month will be across all contracts and all
exchanges.
Member-wise: 75,000 MT or 15% of Market wide open interest whichever is higher.
Client-wise: 15,000 MT.
The above limits will not apply to bona fide hedgers. For bona fide hedgers, the Exchange will, on a case to
case basis, decide the hedge limits. Please refer to Circular No. NCDEX/TRADING-100/2005/219 dated
October 20, 2005.
For near month contracts
The following limits would be applicable from 1st of every month in which the contract is due to expire. If
1st happens to be a non-trading day, the near month limits would start from the next trading day
Member: 21,000 MT or 15% of Market wide near month open position whichever is higher
Client: 4,200 MT
Margin Requirements
NCDEX will use Value at Risk (VaR) based margin calculated at 99.95% confidence interval for one day time
horizon. NCDEX reserves the right to change, reduce or levy any additional margins including any mark up
margin.

Pre-Expiry Additional Margin

There will be an additional margin imposed for the last 5 trading days, including the expiry date of the
Rapeseed-Mustard seed contract. The additional margin will be added to the normal exposure margin and
will be increased by 3% everyday for the last 5 trading days of the contract.
Special Margin
In case of additional volatility, a special margin at such other percentage, as deemed fit, will be imposed in
respect of outstanding positions, which will remain in force as long as the volatility exists, after which the
special margin may be relaxed.
Delivery Margins
In case of positions materializing into physical delivery, delivery margins will be charged for each
commodity to mitigate the risks arising thereof. The delivery margins charged would be computed as look
ahead period (N days) VaR margins or a fixed percentage delivery margin, whichever is higher.
For further details, participants can refer to circular no. NCDEX/RISK-004/2013/073 dated March 12, 2013.
Penalty for default
The penalty structure for failure to meet delivery obligations by the sellers is as follows:

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Total amount of penalty = 1.5 % + the difference between the Final Settlement Price (FSP) and the average
of three highest of the last spot prices of 5 (five) succeeding days after the expiry of contract (E+ 1 to E +5
days), if the average spot price so determined is higher than FSP; else this component will be zero.
Buyer defaults are not permitted. The amount due from the buyers shall be recovered from the buyer as
Pay in shortage together with prescribed charges. Exchange shall have right to sell the goods on account
of such Buyer to recover the dues and if the sale proceeds are insufficient, the Buyer would be liable to
pay the balance.
A seller who has got requisite stocks in the Exchange Approved warehouses is not allowed to default and
any such delivery default by seller would be viewed seriously and the Exchange shall take suitable penal /
disciplinary action against such members over and above the prescribed penalty as enumerated above.
The 1.5 % penalty collected as mentioned above shall be used as follows:
a) 0.75 % component of the penalty shall be deposited in the Investor Protection Fund of the Exchange;
b) 0.5 % component of the penalty shall go to the Buyer who was entitled to receive delivery; and
c) Balance 0.25 % component of penalty shall be retained by the Exchange towards administrative
expenses.
Further, the difference between the FSP and the average spot price (as given above) shall also go to the
buyers. Please refer circular no. NCDEX/TRADING-045/2012/161 dated April 30, 2012.
Arbitration
Disputes between the members of the Exchange inter-se and between members and constituents, arising
out of or pertaining to trades done on NCDEX shall be settled through arbitration. The arbitration
proceedings and appointment of arbitrators shall be as governed by the Bye-laws and Regulations of the
Exchange.
Unit of Delivery
The unit of delivery for Rapeseed-Mustard seed shall be 10 MT.

Major Trading Centers

State
Rajasthan
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
Madhya Pradesh
Punjab

Trading Places
Alwar,Bharatpur,Kota,Jaipur, Ganganagar
Bikaner
Hapur,Agra and Kanpur
Kolkata & Burdwan
Morena, Gwalior & Shivpuri
Faridabad, Bhiwani, Hissar, Mahendragarh
Ludhiana, Bhatinda, Faridkot, Fathepur Sahib

&

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Table 12. India: Commodity, Oilseed, Rapeseed, PSD
(Area in 1000 hectares and production in 1000 metric
tons)
Oilseed, Rapeseed
2014/2015
2015/2016
Market Begin Year
Oct 2014
Oct 2015
USDA
New
USDA
New
India
Official
Post
Official
Post
Area Planted
6600
6517
7000
6450
Area Harvested
6600
6517
6000
6450
Beginning Stocks
568
568
428
633
Production
6310
5800
6000
6400
MY Imports
0
0
0
0
MY Imp. from U.S.
0
0
0
0
MY Imp. from EU
0
0
0
0
Total Supply
6878
6368
6428
7033
MY Exports
0
0
0
5
MY Exp. to EU
0
0
0
0
Crush
5500
4800
5100
5555
Food Use Dom. Cons.
700
660
700
750
Feed Waste Dom.
250
275
250
300
Cons.
Total Dom. Cons.
6450
5735
6050
6605
Ending Stocks
428
633
378
423
Total Distribution
6878
6368
6428
7033

Table 13. India: Commodity, Meal, Rapeseed,

PSD (Units in 1000 metric tons, Extraction rate
in Percent)
Meal, Rapeseed
2014/2015
Market Begin Year
Oct 2014
USDA
India
New Post
Official
Crush
5500
4800
Extr. Rate, 999.9999
0.5909
0.5896
Beginning Stocks
20
20
Production
3250
2830
MY Imports
0
0
MY Imp. from U.S.
0
0
MY Imp. from EU
0
0

2015/2016
May 2015
USDA
New Post
Official
5100
5555
0.5902
0.5905
17
50
3010
3280
0
0
0
0
0
0

2016/2017
Oct 2016
USDA
New
Official
Post
0
6500
0
6500
0
423
0
6800
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7223
0
5
0
0
0
5700
0
800
0
325
0
0
0

6825
393
7223

2016/2017
Oct 2016
USDA
New Post
Official
0
5700
0
0.5905
0
270
0
3366
0
0
0
0
0
0

14 | P a g e
Total Supply
MY Exports
MY Exp. to EU
Industrial Dom.
Cons.
Food Use Dom.
Cons.
Feed Waste Dom.
Cons.
Total Dom. Cons.
Ending Stocks
Total Distribution

3270
843
2
0
0

2850
800
0
0
0

3330
560
0
0

0
0
0
0

3636
750
0
0

2410

2000

2800

2500

2700

2410
17
3270

2000
50
2850

2800
27
3027

2500
270
3330

0
0
0

2700
186
3636

Table 14. India: Commodity, Oil, Rapeseed, PSD

(Unit in 1000 metric tons and Extraction rate in
Percent)
Oil, Rapeseed
2014/2015
Market Begin Year
Oct 2014
India
USDA
New Post
Official
Crush
5500
4800
Extr. Rate, 999.9999

3027
200
0
0

0.38

2015/2016

2016/2017

Oct 2015
USDA
Official
5100

Oct 2016

New Post
5555

USDA
Official
0

New Post
5700

0.3958

0.3804

0.4104

0.4105

Beginning Stocks

165

165

132

168

216

Production

2090

1900

1940

2280

2340

MY Imports

384

385

450

350

350

MY Imp. from U.S.

MY Imp. from EU

Total Supply

2639

MY Exports

MY Exp. to EU

80

80

80

80

85

2425

2200

2500

2600

Industrial Dom.
Cons.
Food Use Dom.
Cons.

2450

2522

2300

2798

2906

15 | P a g e
Feed Waste Dom.
Cons.
Total Dom. Cons.

2505

2280

2380

2580

2685

Ending Stocks

132

168

139

216

219

Total Distribution

2639

2450

2522

2798

2906

16 | P a g e

17 | P a g e

18 | P a g e

19 | P a g e

20 | P a g e