Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Vector
A = Axax + Ayay + Azaz
where:
Acomponent = Vector Component
acomponent = Unit Vector
Magnitude
Unit: Units
| A|= A 2x + A2y + A 2z
=tan
Angle
1
Midpoint Formula
( x +x )
A x= 1 2
2
y
x
()
Unit Vector
Unit: In terms of ax, ay, and az
A=| A|a A
Dot/Scalar Product
Unit of A B: Units
A B=| A||B| cos AB
A
A
aA=
unit
Addition
Unit: In terms of ax, ay, and az
A+B=B+A
A + (B+C) = (A+B) + C
k (A+B) = kA + KB
A+B=C
Subtraction
Unit: In terms of ax, ay, and az
A - B = A + (-B) = C
Position Vector (Radius Vector)
Unit: In terms of ax, ay, and az
A B= A x B x + A y B y + A z B z
- Multiply the same terms.
- Add x, y, and z.
- If A B is negative, just get the
absolute value and find the angle.
Then, 180-.
- a x ax = a y ay = a z az = 1
- ax ay = a x az = a y az = 0
(In short, if they are the same, the
value is 1. If not, 0.)
Note:
- Commutative and Distributive
-
If 90 - Perpendicular
If 0 or 180 - Parallel
- A A = A2 = |A|2
Scalar Projection
Unit: Units
B
A B
ProjB A=A a B=
(Projection of A on B)
B 2 B
ProjB A=A B= A aB a B=
AB
A x B=an| A||B|sin AB
A x B| A||B| sin AB
Area of Rectangle
Unit: Units
AxB=
Cyclic Permutation
(In short, if they are the same, the
value is 0. If the two consecutive unit
vectors are multiplies, their cross
product is the remaining consecutive
unit vector. If the two unit vector
reverses position, the value is
negative. )
ax
Ax
Bx
a y az
A y Az
By Bz
Area of Triangle
Unit: Units
- Divide the area of rectangle by 2.
Perimeter of Triangle
Unit: Units
- Given points A, B, and C:
| AB|+|BC|+ AC
Interior Angle
- Given points A, B, and C:
At A:
AB AC =| AB|| AC| cos
At B:
Ax A y Az
A B x C= B x B y B z
C x C y Cz
Cylindrical - Cartesian
Vector
A = Aa + Aa + Azaz
x=cos
y=sin
z=z
= x 2 + y 2
=tan1
( xy )
Cartesi
an
Cylindr
ical
ax
az
cos
- sin
ay
sin
cos
az
Spherical - Cartesian
Vector
A = Arar + Aa + Aa
x=rsincos
y=rsinsin
Volume
z2 2 2
z=
Volume= dd dz
rcos
z1 1 1
r= x 2 + y 2+ z2
Angle must be in RADIANS.
r0
1
=cos
Surface Area
2
=tan
z2 2
z2 2
z2 2
x2+ y2
z
d d + 1 d dz + 2 d dz +2 d dz
1
z1 1
z1 1
z
2
x + y +z
0 180
z1 1
=tan
Surface Area=2
y
x
()
x 2 x 1 +
x 2 x 2
360
360
Distance Formula
Notes to Remember:
- Use the terminal point's angle if it's
toward something.
sin =
cos =
z
r
sin =
cos =
Cartesi
an
Spheri
cal
ax
ay
az
Volume
ar
sincos
sinsin
coscos
cossin
sin
cos
-sin
cos
0
2 2 r 2
2
Volume= r sin dr d d
1 1 r 1
Surface Area
2
r2 2
2
1
2 r 2
2
2
r1 1
1 r 1
Surface Area=
1
( 2+r 1 )d+
1
r2
Length=4 dr +2
r1
Cylindrical - Spherical
Cylindri
cal
Spheric
al
a
ar
sin
cos
az
cos
-sin
r= 2 + z 2
=tan 1
sin =
( z )
+ z2
2
Differential Volume
dV =dx dy dz
dS= d d dz
dS=r 2 sin dr d d
Del Operator
=
a x+
a y + a z
x
y
z
=
a +
a + az
1
1
a r +
a +
a
r
r
rsin
Gradient of a Scalar
Unit: In terms of ax, ay, and az
V
V
V
V =
a +
a +
a
x x y y z z
V =
V
1 V
V
a+
a +
a
z z
V =
V
1 V
1 V
ar +
a +
a
r
r
rsin
Divergence
Ax + A y + A z
A=
x y z
1 ( A )+ 1 A + A z
A=
z
1 A
1 (r 2 A r)+ 1
A=
( A sin)+
2
rsin
rsin
r r
Divergence Theorem
A dS= A dV
Curl
Unit: In terms of ax, ay, and az
] [
] [
Az A y
Ax Az
A y Ax
x A=
ax +
a y +
a
y
z
z
x
x
y z
A
( ) A
A Az
1 Az A
1
x A=
a+
a +
z
z
] [
rA
( ) A r
(
A
sin
)
A
1
1 1 Ar ( r A )
1
x A=
ar +
a +
rsin
r sin
r
r
] [
Laplacian of a Scalar
2
V=
2 V 2 V 2 V
+
+
x2 y2 z2
2
1
V
1 V V
+ 2
+
2 z2
( )
1
V
1
V
1
V
V=
r
+
sin
+
(
)
(
)
r r sin
r sin
r r
2 V =
2