INTRODUCTION

The self in shame and guilt is our intrapersonal relationship which the most important
relationships we have is with our self. Shame and guilt are self-conscious emotions that are
intimately intertwined in our relationship with our self and also fundamentally tied to our
perceptions of self and the feelings that bring the implications towards our inner experience of
the self. Shame and guilt are emotions of self-blame. Feelings of shame likely play an important
role in problems of and self-esteem but not necessarily reflective of ones general level of selfesteem since this was not a one-to-one relationship and involving bidirectional influences. The
dynamics between shame and self-esteem poses a threat to our self-image. Shame and guilt are
self-conscious emotions that each centers on negative evaluations of the self or the behavior of
the self (Tangney & Dearing, 2012).
METHODS
Research Design
The present study is a qualitative aim to investigate and compare the differences in terms
of the stages of transformation and instruction between Malays and Indonesians on experiences
of shame, as regards to the cognitive, emotional and behavioral reactions of the participants.
There are two situations of shame that had been studied which are breaching moral conduct and
self-related situation on shame.The research was conducted using an interview anda survey
questionnaire. The study measured how International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)
students perceive the situations of shame.
Participants

The participants were 4 female students from International Islamic University Malaysia.
Two of the participants were Malay while the other two were Indonesian. Their ages were
between 20-26 years old. Four survey questionnaires were sent out and returned. Semi-structured
interviews of the participants were conducted individually with predetermined questions as a
guide.
Instruments
A mobile phone was used as an audio recorder and computer tools were used during the
interviews. Besides that, a pencil and a paper were also used by the interviewer to write some
notes during the interviews.
Procedure
Basically, the definition of shame was produced through summarization and analysis of
stories of shame as well as a review of the literature. Later, the questions were developed and the
semi-structured interviews were conducted. The procedures of the interviews were conducted as;
firstly, the interviewer introduced themselves to the interviewee as well as asked for informed
consent. Later, they were asked with predetermined questions that were determined earlier for
both types of shame, which are the self-related situation and breaching moral conduct. The audio
of the recorded interview then was transcribed and then analyzed carefully to match them with
themes.

REFERENCES
Tangney., J., P.,& Dearing., R., L. (2012). Our intrapesonal relationship: the self in shame and
guilt. Shame and guilt (pp. 52-77). New york,NY: The Guilford Press.