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Principle
When sulphur dioxide from the air stream is absorbed in sodium tetrachloromercurate
solution it forms a stable dichlorosulphitomercurate. The amount of sulphur dioxide is then
estimated by the colour produced when p-rosaniline hydrochloride is added to the solution.
The colour is estimated by a reading from an absorption meter or spectrophotometer for
which a calibration curve has already been prepared.
Reagents
1. Absorbing Solution: - Dissolve 27.2 gm (0.1 mole) mercuric chloride and 11.7 gm (0.2
mole) sodium chloride in 1 litre of distilled water. This solution may be stored at room
temperature for several months.
2. P-Rosaniline Hydrochloride: - Dissolve 0.2 gm of p-rosaniline hydrochloride in 100 ml
of distilled water and filter his solution after 48 hours. This solution is stable for at leas 3
month if stored in the dark and kept cool. Pipette 20 ml of this into a 100-ml volumetric
flask. Add 6 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Allow standing for 5 minutes then
dilute to mark with distilled water. It is stable for about 2 weeks if refrigerated.
5. Starch Solution: - Make a thin paste of 1.25 gm of soluble starch in cold water and pour
into 500 ml of boiling water while stirring. Boil for a few minutes. Keep in glass
stoppered bottle.
Add accurately 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 ml portion of the dilute standard sulphite solution to a
series of 10 ml volumetric flask and dilute to the marks with absorbing reagent and proceed
as given bellow: Procedure
If mercury precipitate is present, remove by filtration or centrifugation. To the clear sample
adjusted to 10 ml with distilled water for evaporation losses, add 1.0 ml of p-rosaniline
solution and 1.0 ml formaldehyde solution and mix well, take a 10 ml portion of unexposed
sodium tetrachloromercurate solution for use as the blank. After 20 minutes read the
absorbance at 560 nm.
Calculation
SO2 ug/m3 = g/ml x 50 / V
Where,
50
Volume of air in m3